gnomonn.

/ˈnəʊmən/

Forms: Also 1500s–1600s (Florio, pseudo-etymologically) gnow-, know-man, 1600s, 1800s irregular gnomen.

Etymology: < Greek γνώμων inspector, indicator (spec. the gnomon of a dial, a carpenter's square), < γνω- , γιγνώσκειν to perceive, judge, knows adj. The proximate source may have been Latin or French gnomon.

a. A pillar, rod, or other object which serves to indicate the time of day by casting its shadow upon a marked surface; esp. the pin or triangular plate used for this purpose in an ordinary sun-dial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > [noun] > sundial > parts of

pinOE

gnomon1546

style1577

cock1585

hour-line1593

substyle1593

index1594

noon-line1596

incliner1638

substylara1652

substylar linea1652

staff1669

nodus1678

node1704

stylus1796

noon-mark1842

sun line1877

1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke ii. v. 42 b Anaximenes..founde..the first dial that declareth the houres by the Shadowe of the Gnomon.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Gnomone, the know-man or gnow-man of a diall.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 150 In all the circumference of this climat and parellele, at noon tide vpon an Equinoctiall day, the stile in the diall which they call Gnomon 7 foot long, casteth a shadow not aboue 4 foot.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iv. ii. 181 We usually say a Gnomon or needle is in the middle of a Diall.

1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Second 28 Warnings point out our Danger, Gnomons, Time.

1835 H. Miller Scenes & Legends N. Scotl. xxiv. 412 On the western gable there was fixed a huge gnomon of bronze.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 177 Like gnomons of a vast sundial, the Aiguilles cast their fanlike shadows, [etc.].

b. A column or other apparatus employed in observing the meridian altitude of the sun.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > cosmology > science of observation > astronomical instruments > measuring altitude > [noun] > gnomon

gnomon1625

1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. vi. 138 In the time of either Æquinoctiall in some Horizontall plaine, in the open Sun-shine, let there be erected a Gnomon.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Gnome Those conversant in Observations, prefer the Gnomon to the smaller Quadrants.

1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. iii. 258 The gnomon erected by Toscanelli in the cathedral at Florence. [Note] By much the loftiest in Europe.

1854 L. Tomlinson tr. D. F. J. Arago Pop. Lect. Astron. 17 Anaximander..constructed at Sparta the gnomon that enabled him to observe the equinoxes and the solstices.

†c. jocularly. The nose. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > nose > [noun]

noseeOE

naseeOE

nebeOE

billa1000

nesec1175

grunyie?a1513

gnomon1582

nib1585

proboscis1631

handle to (also of, on) one's face1675

snot-gall1685

nozzle1689

bowsprit1690

smeller1699

snitch1699

trunk1699

vessel1813

index1817

conk1819

sneezer1820

scent box1826

snorter1829

snuff-box1829

bugle1847

beak1854

nasal1854

sniffer1858

boko1859

snoot1861

snorer1891

horn1893

spectacles-seat1895

razzo1899

beezer1915

schnozzle1926

schnozzola1929

schnozz1930

snozzle1930

honker1942

hooter1958

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. T. More in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 100 Syth mye nose owtpeaking, good syr, your liplabor hindreth, Hardlye ye may kisse mee, where no such gnomon apeereth.

1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) v. iv, in Wks. I. 251 Her nose, [is] the gnomon of Loues diall, that tells you how the clocke of your heart goes.]

1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 226 Th' emphatic speaker dearly loves t' oppose In contact inconvenient, nose to nose, As if the gnomon on his neighbour's phiz, Touched with a magnet had attracted his.

a1803 C. L. Lewes Mem. (1805) I. 92 Giving him at the same time, a blow that demolished the gnomen of poor Roger's face.

†2. Occasionally applied to other instruments serving as ‘indicators’ (see quots.). Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > [noun] > an indication or sign > mechanical device or recording instrument

gnomon1599

annunciator1848

indicator-

1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered viii. 28 S. Austen [is] your Index and gnomon for S. Peters place of preaching to the spirits.

1600 R. Cawdrey Treasurie Similies 114 The Saylers Gnomon, or rule, which is commonly called the Marriners Needle.

1755 B. Martin Mag. Arts & Sci. iii. vii. 325 Professor Richman..lost his Life by an electrical Stroke..as he was observing..the Effects of Electricity upon his Gnomon, or Electrometer.

†3. plural. The teeth which indicate the age of a horse, etc. (= Greek οἱ γνώμονες). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > mouth or type of > teeth > that indicate age

gnomons1607

shell-tooth1706

smooth mouth1940

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 22 An Asse and a Mule haue 36. teeth... Their third & fourth teeth are called Gnomons, that is, Regulars, because by them there is a tried rule to know their age.

†4. A rule, canon of belief or action. Obsolete. [So Greek γνώμων ; a transferred use of the sense ‘carpenter's square’. (In quot. 1698 perhaps an error for gnome n.¹)]

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > [noun] > regulation > a regulation or rule

lawa1225

precepta1325

line1340

observancea1382

rulea1387

reglec1475

regimentc1485

reuglec1485

instruction1526

maxima1564

maxim1578

preception1620

reglement1622

positure1624

gnomon1627

regulationa1640

parapegm1646

rubric1891

reg1904

1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. (1629) 203 Making Scripture my gnomon and canon.

1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋180 A nimiety of redundance of bloud is the only Gnomon in the table of directions for phlebotomy.

1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. ii. iii. Rule 14 §10 Eunomius..affirm'd tradition of the Fathers to be the Gnomon or Canon of faith, and yet said [etc.].

1698 R. Ferguson View of Ecclesiastick in Socks & Buskins 67 To spare Mens Persons when we speak of their Faults, according to the common Gnomon, Mea & Tua Persona pro Ego & Tu.

a. Geometry. The part of a parallelogram which remains after a similar parallelogram is taken away from one of its corners. [So Greek γνώμων, from the resemblance of the shape to a carpenter's square.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > quadrilateral > parallelogram > part of

gnomon1570

1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. ii. f. 60^v In euery parallelogramme, one of those parallelogrammes, which soeuer it be, which are about the diameter, together with the two supplementes, is called a Gnomon.

1705 E. Scarburgh tr. Euclid in Eng. Euclide 121 Therefore the Gnomon KLM, and the square CF are equal to the Rectangle twice contained by AB, BC.

1838 Young Euclid ii. Def. ii. 57.

†b. An odd number. (So called by the Pythagoreans.) Obsolete.The difference between two squares being geometrically a gnomon, the name was applied in arithmetic to the differences between the squares of successive integers, i.e. to the odd numbers 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [noun] > particular qualities > parity > oddness

odda1398

oddnessa1398

imparity1646

gnomon1660

1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. i. 55 Odd numbers they called Gnomons, because being added to squares they keep the same figures; so Gnomons do in Geometry.

†c. Each of the successive subtrahends (after the first) in the process of finding the square root.

ΚΠ

a1690 S. Jeake Λογιστικηλογία (1696) 194 The second number to be substracted, called a Gnomon.

†6. Something shaped like a carpenter's square; an L-shaped bar, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [noun] > object resembling carpenter's square

square1530

gnomon1669

1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 8 GGG is the Gnomon fastened to the plate BB.

1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 16 H is the Gnomon affixed to the Globe AA making fast the spring G.

1777 Darwin in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 68 89 A gnomon of thin brass was made to stand over his nose.

Derivatives

ˈgnomonless adj.

ΚΠ

1832 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 32 133 The dial-stone..stands gnomenless.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	gnomon
释义	gnomonn. /ˈnəʊmən/ Forms: Also 1500s–1600s (Florio, pseudo-etymologically) gnow-, know-man, 1600s, 1800s irregular gnomen. Etymology: < Greek γνώμων inspector, indicator (spec. the gnomon of a dial, a carpenter's square), < γνω- , γιγνώσκειν to perceive, judge, knows adj. The proximate source may have been Latin or French gnomon. 1. a. A pillar, rod, or other object which serves to indicate the time of day by casting its shadow upon a marked surface; esp. the pin or triangular plate used for this purpose in an ordinary sun-dial. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > [noun] > sundial > parts of pinOE gnomon1546 style1577 cock1585 hour-line1593 substyle1593 index1594 noon-line1596 incliner1638 substylara1652 substylar linea1652 staff1669 nodus1678 node1704 stylus1796 noon-mark1842 sun line1877 1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke ii. v. 42 b Anaximenes..founde..the first dial that declareth the houres by the Shadowe of the Gnomon. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Gnomone, the know-man or gnow-man of a diall. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 150 In all the circumference of this climat and parellele, at noon tide vpon an Equinoctiall day, the stile in the diall which they call Gnomon 7 foot long, casteth a shadow not aboue 4 foot. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iv. ii. 181 We usually say a Gnomon or needle is in the middle of a Diall. View more context for this quotation 1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the Second 28 Warnings point out our Danger, Gnomons, Time. 1835 H. Miller Scenes & Legends N. Scotl. xxiv. 412 On the western gable there was fixed a huge gnomon of bronze. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 177 Like gnomons of a vast sundial, the Aiguilles cast their fanlike shadows, [etc.]. b. A column or other apparatus employed in observing the meridian altitude of the sun. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > cosmology > science of observation > astronomical instruments > measuring altitude > [noun] > gnomon gnomon1625 1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. vi. 138 In the time of either Æquinoctiall in some Horizontall plaine, in the open Sun-shine, let there be erected a Gnomon. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Gnome Those conversant in Observations, prefer the Gnomon to the smaller Quadrants. 1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. iii. 258 The gnomon erected by Toscanelli in the cathedral at Florence. [Note] By much the loftiest in Europe. 1854 L. Tomlinson tr. D. F. J. Arago Pop. Lect. Astron. 17 Anaximander..constructed at Sparta the gnomon that enabled him to observe the equinoxes and the solstices. †c. jocularly. The nose. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > nose > [noun] noseeOE naseeOE nebeOE billa1000 nesec1175 grunyie?a1513 gnomon1582 nib1585 proboscis1631 handle to (also of, on) one's face1675 snot-gall1685 nozzle1689 bowsprit1690 smeller1699 snitch1699 trunk1699 vessel1813 index1817 conk1819 sneezer1820 scent box1826 snorter1829 snuff-box1829 bugle1847 beak1854 nasal1854 sniffer1858 boko1859 snoot1861 snorer1891 horn1893 spectacles-seat1895 razzo1899 beezer1915 schnozzle1926 schnozzola1929 schnozz1930 snozzle1930 honker1942 hooter1958 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. T. More in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 100 Syth mye nose owtpeaking, good syr, your liplabor hindreth, Hardlye ye may kisse mee, where no such gnomon apeereth. 1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) v. iv, in Wks. I. 251 Her nose, [is] the gnomon of Loues diall, that tells you how the clocke of your heart goes.] 1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 226 Th' emphatic speaker dearly loves t' oppose In contact inconvenient, nose to nose, As if the gnomon on his neighbour's phiz, Touched with a magnet had attracted his. a1803 C. L. Lewes Mem. (1805) I. 92 Giving him at the same time, a blow that demolished the gnomen of poor Roger's face. †2. Occasionally applied to other instruments serving as ‘indicators’ (see quots.). Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > [noun] > an indication or sign > mechanical device or recording instrument gnomon1599 annunciator1848 indicator- 1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered viii. 28 S. Austen [is] your Index and gnomon for S. Peters place of preaching to the spirits. 1600 R. Cawdrey Treasurie Similies 114 The Saylers Gnomon, or rule, which is commonly called the Marriners Needle. 1755 B. Martin Mag. Arts & Sci. iii. vii. 325 Professor Richman..lost his Life by an electrical Stroke..as he was observing..the Effects of Electricity upon his Gnomon, or Electrometer. †3. plural. The teeth which indicate the age of a horse, etc. (= Greek οἱ γνώμονες). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > mouth or type of > teeth > that indicate age gnomons1607 shell-tooth1706 smooth mouth1940 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 22 An Asse and a Mule haue 36. teeth... Their third & fourth teeth are called Gnomons, that is, Regulars, because by them there is a tried rule to know their age. †4. A rule, canon of belief or action. Obsolete. [So Greek γνώμων ; a transferred use of the sense ‘carpenter's square’. (In quot. 1698 perhaps an error for gnome n.¹)] ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > [noun] > regulation > a regulation or rule lawa1225 precepta1325 line1340 observancea1382 rulea1387 reglec1475 regimentc1485 reuglec1485 instruction1526 maxima1564 maxim1578 preception1620 reglement1622 positure1624 gnomon1627 regulationa1640 parapegm1646 rubric1891 reg1904 1627 W. Sclater Briefe Expos. 2 Thess. (1629) 203 Making Scripture my gnomon and canon. 1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋180 A nimiety of redundance of bloud is the only Gnomon in the table of directions for phlebotomy. 1660 Bp. J. Taylor Ductor Dubitantium I. ii. iii. Rule 14 §10 Eunomius..affirm'd tradition of the Fathers to be the Gnomon or Canon of faith, and yet said [etc.]. 1698 R. Ferguson View of Ecclesiastick in Socks & Buskins 67 To spare Mens Persons when we speak of their Faults, according to the common Gnomon, Mea & Tua Persona pro Ego & Tu. 5. a. Geometry. The part of a parallelogram which remains after a similar parallelogram is taken away from one of its corners. [So Greek γνώμων, from the resemblance of the shape to a carpenter's square.] ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > two-dimensional > quadrilateral > parallelogram > part of gnomon1570 1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. ii. f. 60^v In euery parallelogramme, one of those parallelogrammes, which soeuer it be, which are about the diameter, together with the two supplementes, is called a Gnomon. 1705 E. Scarburgh tr. Euclid in Eng. Euclide 121 Therefore the Gnomon KLM, and the square CF are equal to the Rectangle twice contained by AB, BC. 1838 Young Euclid ii. Def. ii. 57. †b. An odd number. (So called by the Pythagoreans.) Obsolete.The difference between two squares being geometrically a gnomon, the name was applied in arithmetic to the differences between the squares of successive integers, i.e. to the odd numbers 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [noun] > particular qualities > parity > oddness odda1398 oddnessa1398 imparity1646 gnomon1660 1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. i. 55 Odd numbers they called Gnomons, because being added to squares they keep the same figures; so Gnomons do in Geometry. †c. Each of the successive subtrahends (after the first) in the process of finding the square root. ΚΠ a1690 S. Jeake Λογιστικηλογία (1696) 194 The second number to be substracted, called a Gnomon. †6. Something shaped like a carpenter's square; an L-shaped bar, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [noun] > object resembling carpenter's square square1530 gnomon1669 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 8 GGG is the Gnomon fastened to the plate BB. 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 16 H is the Gnomon affixed to the Globe AA making fast the spring G. 1777 Darwin in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 68 89 A gnomon of thin brass was made to stand over his nose. Derivatives ˈgnomonless adj. ΚΠ 1832 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 32 133 The dial-stone..stands gnomenless. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1546
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