Gilsoniten.
/ˈɡɪlsənʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈɡɪlsəˌnaɪt/ Mineralogy.
A proprietary name for: a type of shiny, black, naturally-occurring bitumen, used in inks and paints, as a coating and varnish, and as a chemical additive.Gilsonite was originally extracted exclusively from the Uintah Basin of Utah and Colorado in the United States, but is now mined in other countries. It has a relatively high melting point and is a brittle solid at room temperature.
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1886 Salt Lake Daily Tribune 21 Feb. At the Columbia College Prof. Tristo made extensive experiments and determining it to be a substance not heretofore known in scientific circles, gave it the name of ‘Gilsonite’.
1888 J. M. Locke in Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1887–8 16 162 Gilsonite or Uintahite, a new variety of Asphaltum from the Uintah mountains, Utah. The discovery of this asphaltum was made by S. H. Gilson, of Salt Lake, and since then the material has borne the local name of Gilsonite.
1929 H. Abraham Asphalts (ed. 3) x. 166 Gilsonite is one of the most valuable asphalts for manufacturing paints and varnishes.
1938 J. S. Miller in A. E. Dunstan et al. Sci. Petroleum IV. 2724/1 Because of its brown undertone, Gilsonite is used widely in printing-inks.
1960 K. Stern in Industr. Min. & Rocks (ed. 3) xxxiii. 635/1 Gilsonite's high dielectric strength, heat-resisting qualities and its resistance to acids and alkalies makes it of great value as a waterproofing and weather-resisting agent.
2014 Manufacturing Close-up (Nexis) 9 May Because of its unique chemical and physical properties, Gilsonite has been used in more than 160 products.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1886