| 释义 |
Arabiann.adj. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly from a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: French arabien ; proper name Arabia , -an suffix. Etymology: Partly < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French arabien, arrabien (noun) Arab, person of Arab descent (first half of the 12th cent. in Old French), (adjective) of, from, or relating to Arabia or the Arabic-speaking world (12th or 13th cent. in Old French; < Arabie (see Arabia n.) + -en -an suffix), and partly < (ii) the name of Arabia (see Arabia n.) + -an suffix. Compare Spanish †arabiano (1270), Italian †arabiano (end of the 13th cent.), and also Middle Dutch arabien (probably < French), all in sense ‘person of Arab descent’. Compare Arab n.1, Arab adj.1, Arabic n., Araby adj., and earlier Araby n.With the form Arabyn at β. forms compare Anglo-Norman arabin person of Arab descent (end of the 13th cent. or earlier). With the γ. forms compare -ean suffix. A. n.the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Arabia or Saudi Arabia > [noun] society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Arabian > [noun] c1380 (1879) l. 68 (MED) Of turkys, persans & arrabyen gret puple had he wyþholde. c1400 ( G. Chaucer (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) Prol. 2 To arabiens in arabik. ?a1425 (c1400) (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 42 (MED) In þat desert duellen manye of Arrabyenes þat men clepen Bedoynes & Ascopardes. 1526 Acts ii. 11 Grekes and Arabians. a1591 H. Smith (1593) iiii. sig. I2v Mahomet with his Arabians want, & first tooke part with the Romanes. 1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten xl. 75/1 They have a chief Boteson, which is an Arabian, which they cal Mocadon. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso xvii. xxi. 299 Th' Arabians next that haue no certaine stay, No house, no home,..But euer..From place to place their wandring cities gad. 1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti i. ii. 52 [The] Arabians..were in a short time suppress'd by the industry of St. Origen. 1704 J. Swift Disc. Mech. Operat. Spirit i, in 286 Since That Arabian is known to have borrowed a Moiety of his Religious System from the Christian Faith; it is but just he should pay Reprisals. 1783 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal (new ed.) I. 144 The Arabians..repaired in crowds to these celebrated islands, the productions of which they had already monopolized. 1830 M. Donovan II. iii. 209 The Arabians, Caffres, and Hottentots, consume vast quantities of locusts when they are plump. 1893 F. W. L. Adams 41 Everything that is characteristic of the Egyptian is uncharacteristic of the Arabian. 1927 C. H. La Wall iii. 93 The Arabians perpetuated the polypharmacal combinations which had come down from the Egyptians. 1977 R. B. Tisserand ii. 22 If this is true it means that distillation was known in Egypt at least 2,000 years before the Arabians were supposed to have invented it. 2006 26 Mar. f8/1 Over the centuries, papermaking evolved from rice to old rags, until the Arabians created a finer paper from wood and bamboo. the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [noun] > Semitic > Arabic 1570 T. North tr. A. F. Doni Prol. f. 1 This precious Iewell (beloued Reader) was..brought into the natyue Arabian: & from that translated into Hebrue. 1616 T. Coryate 6 Learning foure languages more, then I had when I left my country: viz. Italian, Arabian, Turkish, and Persian. 1699 P. Gordon (ed. 2) ii. ii. 266 The Vulgar Language..is the Arabesque, or corrupt Arabian, which is not only used here, but (with Variation of Dialect) is spoken over a great part of the Eastern Countries. 1799 2 187 Emir, or Amir, in Arabian, imports as much as lord. 1871 Dec. 369/1 Let the man be produced, who thinks and speaks exactly alike in German and Chinese.., or in Arabian and Hottentot, or in any languages whatever. 1927 22 Nov. 11/5 Cries of ‘You! You! You!’ from Arab women greeted the boy upon his arrival. The word in Arabian is an expression of endearment. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [noun] > Arabian horse 1607 G. Markham v. ii. 11 Now if there happen into your charge eyther Turkes, Ienets, Arabians or other countrie horses, which haue beene vsed to other foodes then these which we imploy in England, you shall first..learne what foode the horse best likes. 1686 R. Blome ii. i. ii. 2/2 There are several other kinds of Horses, which I omit, because we meet with them but rarely in England, amongst which may be reckoned the Arabian, a Horse of an excellent nature, and very beautiful. 1728 25 Apr. 135/2 A Fine, strong Bay Stoned Horse..out of Creeping Kate which won Hamilton Guineas, got by a fine Arabian. 1787 A. Young Jrnl. 8 June in (1792) i. 16 There are all kinds of horses, but chiefly Arabian, Turkish, and English. Three years ago four Arabians were imported. 1824 M. R. Mitford I. 101 That gay, gallant boy, on the gallant white Arabian. 1877 24 Nov. 438/3 Here was a very strong combination of the blood of those celebrated horses, the Godolphin Barb..and his distinguished predecessor, the Darley Arabian. 1945 Lady Wentworth i. 34 All Oriental potentates regarded the Arabian as the only Horse and the rest as ‘Kadishes’, a word which exactly corresponds to the word ‘cur’ in English. 1966 R. Stout (1967) ix. 94 She liked horses and had four Arabians. 2002 Mar. 98 Arabians or Thoroughbreds..are genetically programmed for distance work. B. adj.the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Semite > [adjective] > Arab the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Near East, Middle East, and Asia Minor > [adjective] > Middle East > Arabia c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 3723 (MED) He dassheþ forþ..And smyteþ a duk Arabian. 1542 T. Elyot at Eclegma The Arabian phisitions doo cal it Lohoch. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens 525 This Thistell is called..of the Arabian Physitiones, Bedeguar: in Englishe, Our Ladies Thistell. 1675 E. Sherburne in tr. M. Manilius App. 85 Seven Books Astrologicorum, in which Astrology, separated from Jewish and Arabian Superstitions, is Physiologically handled. 1728 A. Pope iii. 89 His conq'ring tribes th' Arabian prophet draws. 1771 R. B. Sheridan & N. B. Halhed tr. Aristænetus xii. vii. 82 Her kisses like Arabian gales The scent of musky flowers impart. 1841 I. D'Israeli II. 268 They had ascertained that the Arabian poets rhymed. 1894 A. Lang 106 Ibn Batuta, the old Arabian traveller, tells us that he saw the famous rope-trick performed in India. 1914 W. B. Steveni v. 122 The Arabian chroniclers, who came into contact with the Rūs vikings at Itel. 1942 June 797/2 They sighted another ship, an Arabian two-masted dhow. 1999 J. Harris (2000) xv. 113 A thousand and one epiphanies of spun-sugar magic-carpet rides more suited to an Arabian harem. the mind > language > languages of the world > Afro-Asiatic > [adjective] > Semitic > Arabic society > communication > writing > system of writing > [adjective] > of specific languages > Arabic 1575 T. Newton tr. C. A. Curione i. f. 26 Numidia called in ye Arabian tongue Biledulgerid,..lyeth South from the mountain Athlas. 1599 in R. Hakluyt (new ed.) II. i. 203 Moreouer he deliuereth vnto him ye Chisua Talnabi, which signifieth in the Arabian tongue, The garment of the Prophet. a1613 E. Brerewood (1614) viii. 61 I bee farre from their opinion, which write..that the Arabian tongue is in vse in two third partes of the inhabited world. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius vii. 415 We saw also, neer Terki, a kind of Field-mice, which in the Arabian Language are called Jerbuah. 1736 17 232 A perfect Knowledge of the Arabian Language, by which means he could readily..converse with the Natives. 1796 Sept. 379 Having acquired a taste for the elegancies of the Arabian tongue, he greedily seized the book [sc. the Qur'an], and diligently set himself to peruse it. 1833 J. Atkinson (1834) 9 The Persians have all Aristotle's works in the Arabian language... For the Arabian language is to the Persians what the Latin is to us. 1896 Jan. 12 The Bektachi Chapel is perfectly plain, and only ornamented with a single inscription—the word Allah in Arabian characters. 1931 May 719/2 Cotton gets its name from the Arabian word ‘qutn’. 1994 6 June 3/1 Arabian letters can have several different forms, depending upon what comes before and after a word. 3. the world > life > biology > balance of nature > distribution > [adjective] > plants or animals of a particular region > from specified region 1580 T. Newton f. 61 Spina rociarrabica, Spina Ægyptiaca. The Arabian thorne. This kynde of Thorne or Thistle stopeth the Flux in women. 1607 E. Topsell 4 The Arabian Seraph [i.e. giraffes], which are higher before then behinde. 1629 J. Parkinson 134 The Arabian Starre-flower hath many broad, and long greene leaues,..lying for the most part vpon the ground. 1657 J. Rowland tr. J. Johnstone vii. xxix. 229 The Arabian Sheep have a very broad taile. 1743 G. Edwards I. 12 The Arabian Bustard. This Bird is about the Bigness of a Turkey, it is longer leg'd and neck slenderer-body'd than the common Bustard. 1807 A. Young I. vii. 249 The principal variation made by Mr. Western on this system, is that of cultivating a certain breadth of Swedish turnip and Arabian kale, on ridges, in the Northumberland method. 1833 Mar. 320/1 These birds are rather different from the Arabian ostrich, being of a lighter colour and considerably less in size. 1899 27 Oct. 605/2 They obtained eight distinct species, including a wild ass, goat,..and the Arabian baboon, of which two living examples were brought to England. 1968 30 200/2 For untold centuries the Oryx roamed the deserts of Arabia, their only enemies the now-extinct Arabian lion, the leopard, and the arrows and spears of the local tribesmen. 1991 31 Aug. 45 (caption) The Arabian urial or wild sheep: rarely seen, perhaps extinct. 2008 L. Bennett 8 The Arabian leopard, smaller than the Asian and African leopard, lives mostly in the Hajar Mountains. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [adjective] > of or like particular breeds 1588 T. Hickock tr. C. Federici f. 16v The Naic, that is to saye the Lord of the Citie sent..to demand of them certaine Arabian horsses. 1695 R. Blackmore ix. 258 Never Epirean or Arabian Steed, Flew o'er the Olimpic Plains with greater Speed. 1753 W. Hogarth xvii. 223 A fine Arabian war-horse, unbacked, and at liberty, and in a wanton trot. 1817 W. Marshall 499 It were as fitting to put an arabian courser into the shafts of a dung cart, as a delicate, highblooded, fashionable ‘South Downer’ into a sheepfold. 1860 Sept. 292/2 Divided into English blood, Arabian blood, and Anglo-Arabian blood horses. 1930 Nov. 148/3 This official statement in the Arabian Stud Book disposes of the general belief that Arabs may be identified by color. 1976 10 Dec. 67/4 (advt.) Pure Arabian filly... Very typey with large eyes and one of the best movers we have ever seen. 1999 Sept. 17/1 Stamina which it inherited from its Arabian ancestors. Compounds C1. In the names of animals and plants (see also sense B. 3a). the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > [noun] > subfamily Timaliinae > genus Turdoides 1967 35 149 Arabian babbler (Turdoides squamiceps). 1990 A. Zahavi in P. B. Stacey & W. D. Koenig iv. 105 The diet of the Arabian Babbler consists mainly of small animals, mostly arthropods. 2007 (Nexis) 21 Sept. (Books section) 30 Small birds called Arabian babblers chirp a warning about a nearby predator and theories about communication and selflessness blossom in the air. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > family Camelidae (camel) > [noun] > genus Camelus > camelus dromedarius (dromedary) 1607 E. Topsell 94 They want hornes (I meane both the Arabian and Bactrian Camell). 1758 B. Plaisted (ed. 2) 171 Whereas the Hump on the Back of the Arabian Camel, is a Ridge of Bones, like so many Stumps of another Set of Ribs barely covered with Flesh. 1841 11 Oct. 3/1 A choice breed of asses and of Arabian camels appear to be an object well worthy the attention of the local governments of Australia and New Zealand. 1930 W. M. Mann xi. 156 Our Arabian camel has struck up a friendship with a goat placed in the paddock some years ago. 2009 (Nexis) 6 Feb. The finest pure-bred Arabian camels thundered down the race track kicking up sand. the world > food and drink > drink > coffee manufacture > [noun] > coffee from specific place the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > coffee bean or plant > [noun] > coffee plant 1674 (single sheet) Arabian Coffee, a Rich Cordial To Purse and Person Beneficial. 1727 J. Douglas 11 The true Arabian Coffee Plant. 1879 6 Sept. 308/1 The Arabian Coffee that was planted out in January, 1878, has done fairly well. 1926 5 114 The Arabian coffee now growing ‘wild’ in our woods is attributable to Dr. Perrine's demonstrations. 2001 B. A. Weinberg & B. K. Bealer xiv. 261 The best Arabian coffee, among the most prized and expensive anywhere, is still grown in the Yemeni district of San'a. the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Prosobranchiata > section Siphonostomata > family Cypraeidae > member of (cowrie) 1804 G. Shaw XVI. facing Pl. 648 The Brittle Cowry and Arabian Cowry. Subturbinated Cowry with characteriform variegations and violet-coloured mouth. 1952 S. W. Tinker 140 The Arabian cowry is a large and heavy shell which is somewhat inflated and margined at the base. 2010 M. J. Samways et al. 80/1 Others, like the Carnelian cowrie (Cypraea carneola), Arabian cowrie (C. arabica), Money cowrie (C. moneta)..occur on shallow reefs. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > antelope > [noun] > subfamily Antilopinae > genus Gazella (gazelle) > other types of 1849 J. Taylor 698/1 The Arabian gazelle is probably denoted by the Hebrew word translated ‘roe’ in the Authorized Version. 1902 Oct. 267/1 This crop [sc. jowari] also induces the shy Arabian gazelle (Gazella arabica) to leave the desert at night to feed. 1983 48 371 The Arabian Gazelles collected by Hemprich and Ehrenberg... Specimens from Farsan Island, described as Antilope arabica, represent a distinct taxon, restricted to this island. 2001 R. East et al. IV. 250/1 Arabian Gazelle (Gazella arabica)... This enigmatic antelope is known only from one male specimen in the Berlin Museum. 2011 G. Thomas 237 Other resident antelopes are the Arabian gazelle (or mountain gazelle; Gazella gazella) and the less common reem gazelle. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [noun] > Arabian horse 1588Arabian horsses [see sense B. 3b]. 1610 G. Markham i. ci. 201 The Arabian horse is most swift, and most beautifull. 1737 S. Berington 47 The Arabian Horses are the best in the World, tho' not very large. 1854 J. E. Cooke II. ii. xxi. 124 Captain Waters enters the Arabian horse Selim, descended in a direct line, he is informed, from Al-borak. 1930 Mar. 167/2 On a great ranch..with white, spotless, fire-proof stables grouped around their quadrangle of emerald turf, Arabian horses rule. 1976 J. Forbis xv. 274 The terms strains and families constantly crop up in literature as well as in discussions about the Arabian horse. 2005 J. Diamond (2006) i. 66 My wife raises Egyptian Arabian horses on the ranch. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > trees or shrubs > other trees or shrubs 1682 S. Gilbert 132 Springa, sive Gelsiminum Arabicum, the double white Pipe-tree, or Arabian Jasmine, in this Month begins to flower. 1731 P. Miller 153 Plants in flower in the Green-House and Stove... Oranges, Lemons,..Ilex-leav'd Jasmine, and Arabian Jasmine, [etc.]. 1835 J. H. Ingraham I. xxii. 231 I observed..the dark foliaged Arabian jasmine silvered with its opulently-leaved flowers redolent of the sweetest perfume. 1962 ‘Bryher’ 117 I inhaled the studio turpentine as if it were Arabian jasmine. 2011 (Nexis) 25 Mar. (Features section) 16 The combination of Arabian jasmine underlined by gardenia is powerful, yet subtle, and they are both complemented by sweet notes of patchouli and honey. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > brassica plants 1640 J. Parkinson xviii. 849 Draba vulgaris... The more common or knowne Arabian Mustard. 1714 J. Petiver in (Royal Soc.) 28 200 Yellow Arabian Mustard... Draba lutea. 1747 II Arabian Mustard, in Latin, Draba sive Arabis. 1863 R. Hogg & G. W. Johnson II. Pl. 208 Our old herbalists called it [sc. Lepidium draba] Turkey Cresses and Arabian Mustard. 1958 48 109 ‘Arabian mustard, Cardaria (or Lepidium) Draba’ the seed of which was used in place of pepper. the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > antelope > [noun] > subfamily Hippotraginae > genus Oryx (oryx) 1901 R. Lydekker ii. 204 The Beatrix, or Arabian oryx.., is the smallest representative of the oryx group, and the only one unknown in Africa. 1935 D. Carruthers vii. 158 I do not gather what the ‘correct locality’ of the Arabian Oryx was believed to be. 2000 May 14/2 The Arabian oryx..was reintroduced into the Middle East beginning in 1982 (though poaching has since depleted its numbers again). C2. the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > types of mythical bird > phoenix the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > excellent person or thing the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [noun] > fact of being unparalleled or unique > that which is unique > a unique thing or person 1596 M. Drayton sig. S4 With odors were thy body burned, As is Th' arabian byrd against the sunne, Againe from cynders yet thou should'st be turned. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. ii. 12 Oh Anthony, oh thou Arabian Bird! 1756 C. Lucas p. vi The dissolved civil constitution, that paragon of perfect polity, like the fabulous Arabian bird, from it's [sic] own ashes, rose more vigorous. 1898 18 625/2 This subtle suggestion of being alone the Arabian bird was characteristic of Elizabeth. 1990 A. S. Byatt (1991) xxi. 439 What makes all the brilliant colours glow Along the throat of the Arabian bird. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.adj.c1380 |
