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单词 gleam
释义

gleamn.

Brit. /ɡliːm/, U.S. /ɡlim/
Forms: Old English glǽm, Middle English glem, Middle English–1500s gleme, 1500s–1600s gleame, Middle English, 1600s– gleam.
Etymology: Old English glǽm ( < *glaimi-z ) is related by ablaut to Old High German glîmen to glow, shine, Old Saxon glîmo brightness, Old High German glîmo (Middle High German glîme ) glow-worm, in which sense Old High German had also gleimo (Middle High German gleime ), agreeing in root-grade with the Middle English word. The lowest grade of the root, *glim- , appears in several forms in Middle High German and Middle English: see glim n., glimmer n.1, glimpse n.
1.
a. In early use, a brilliant light (e.g. of the sun). In modern use, a subdued or transient appearance of light, emitted or reflected.In Middle English both noun and verb are rare except in alliterative verse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [noun] > brightness
shinessc950
brightOE
gleamOE
lightnessOE
brightnessOE
brightheadc1300
glimc1400
lightsomeness1440
shinea1529
brightsomeness1548
lustrec1550
claritude1575
lightfulnessa1586
explendency1642
lucidness1648
lucidity1656
luculency1656
the world > matter > light > light emitted in particular manner > [noun] > gleam, glimmer, or flicker
blenka1400
blushc1400
gleamc1440
glance?a1513
glinta1542
glish1570
glimpse1603
glimmera1616
glimble1658
blink1717
glent1728
shimmer1821
glisk1824
flicker1849
glist1864
styme1888
OE Guthlac B 1278 Þa se æþela glæm setlgong sohte, sweare norðrodor won under wolcnum.
a1225 St. Marher. 12 Semde as þah ha sehe iþe glistinde glem þe deore rode areachen to þe heouene.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2122 So stod ut of his mouth a glem Rith al swilk so the sunnebem.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 604 Þat al [the harness] glytered & glent as glem of þe sunne.
c1440 York Myst. xxxii. 20 And myne eyne þei glittir like þe gleme in þe glasse.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 185 All the lake as lamp did leme of licht, Quhilk schadovit all about wyth twynkling glemis.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 3067 A necke..glissonand as the glemes þat glenttes of þe snaw.
1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. D4v Is not yon gleame, the shuddering morne that flakes, With siluer tinctur, the east vierge of heauen?
1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 30 A gleam of light, so bright that he could easily read by it.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World II. 210 The dying lamp feebly emits a yellow gleam.
1807 W. Wordsworth Poems II. 142 If mine had been the Painter's hand, To express what then I saw; and add the gleam, The light that never was, on sea or land.
1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Leila iv. i. 171 See you not a gleam of spears, yonder, over the mountains?
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 162 When the staff was dug into the snow and withdrawn, the blue gleam appeared.
1868 B. Harte in Littell's Living Age 9 May 99 The gleam of his old white hat from afar.
in combination.1804 J. Grahame Sabbath 35 Forward the gleam-girt castle coastwise glides.
b. figurative. A bright or vivid manifestation (of some quality, etc.); in modern use chiefly with the notion of limitation, a faint, transient, or intermittent appearance.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > [noun] > a manifestation > vivid
gleam?c1225
gleening1591
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] > of some quality > slight
gleam?c1225
glimpsea1547
suspicion1565
umber1573
umbrage1604
umbrationa1706
shima1800
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 40 Þet þe soðe sunne haueð vtewið..unseoweliche imakede þurch gleames of his grace.
a1547 Earl of Surrey Poems (1964) 25 The palme play, where..With dased eyes oft we by gleames of love Have mist the ball.
1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. Mv He..stil behelde hir gestures all, And all hir gleames of grace.
a1711 T. Ken Psyche iv, in Wks. (1721) IV. 250 When first my Heart, thou Lord, didst melt, And of thy Love one Gleam I felt.
1793 T. Holcroft tr. J. C. Lavater Ess. Physiognomy (abridged ed.) xxvi. 127 A gleam of sympathy and resemblance may easily deceive thee.
1840 F. D. Bennett Narr. Whaling Voy. I. 75 Her smile..casts at once a gleam of beauty over otherwise but ordinary features.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 228 On the fifteenth of June a gleam of hope appeared.
1876 L. Stephen Hours in Libr. 2nd Ser. vi. 246 One temporary gleam of good fortune cheered him for a time.
1885 Spectator 30 May 716/1 Now and then..we get an occasional gleam of humour.
c. hot gleam (also gleam simply), a warm ray (of the sun); a bright warm interval between rain-showers. Also, a hot wind (cf. gloom n.1). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > hot weather > [noun] > a bright or warm interval
hot gleam1601
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > hot or warm wind
hot gleam1601
bloom1697
snow-eater1886
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > radiation of heat > ray of heat
hot gleam1601
beam1860
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 33 The middle of the earth, whereas the Sun hath his way..is euen parched and fried againe with the hot gleames thereof.
1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 188 If the weather be warm and calm, the Bees delight to rise, but especially in a hot Gleam, after a Showre or Gloomy Cloud hath sent them home.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xix. 530 We felt a brisk gale..so violently hot, that we thought it came from some burning Mountain... Just such another gleam I felt one afternoon also.
2.
a. transferred. Brightness, radiance; radiant beauty.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [noun] > radiance or brilliance
gleamOE
gleec1440
blaze1578
radiancea1593
radiancy1595
lustre1602
prefulgency1660
brilliance1755
rayonnement1910
OE Cynewulf Juliana 167 Min se swetesta sunnan scima, Iuliana! Hwæt, þu glæm hafast, ginfæste giefe, geoguðhades blæd!
OE Genesis 1018 Heo þe hroðra oftihð, glæmes grene folde.
c1250 Meid Maregrete xxxii On þe holi meidan he sende litt ant glem.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 218 Þaȝ þe feloun [Lucifer] were so fers for his fayre wedeȝ & his glorious glem þat glent so bryȝt.
1591 E. Spenser tr. J. du Bellay Visions in Complaints v Then was the faire Dodonian tree far seene, Upon seaven hills to spred his gladsome gleame.
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 36 The white clear bright Gleam in every Creature..does arise and proceed from the divine Principle.
b. A bright or joyous look.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > a look or glance > [noun] > bright or joyous look
gleam1772
1772 W. Jones Poems 19 O'er his smooth cheeks diffus'd a lively gleam.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. vi. 72 His black visage lighted up with a curious, mischievous gleam.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

gleamv.1

Brit. /ɡliːm/, U.S. /ɡlim/
Forms: Also Middle English–1500s gleme.
Etymology: < gleam n.
1.
a. intransitive. To emit gleams, to shine either with emitted or reflected light; in modern use chiefly, to shine with a brightness subdued by distance or an intervening medium.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > reflection > [verb (intransitive)] > shine with reflected light
shinec897
gleama1225
lustre1582
burnisha1625
a1225 Leg. Kath. 1653 Al þat terin is glistinde & gleaminde, as hit were seoluer oðer gold smeate.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 597 A sadel Þat glemed ful gayly with mony golde frenges.
a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in Poems (1998) I. 41 So glitterit as the gold wer thair glorius gilt tressis, Quhill all the gressis did gleme of the glaid hewis.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 3943 Faire Ene hade þe freike..Glemyt as þe glasse and gliet a little.
c1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxxvii. 20 Forcit fyris with gritter gleidis out glemis.
1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Cymon & Iphigenia in Fables 563 The Palace gleams with shining Swords.
1792 S. Rogers Pleasures Mem. i. 316 When not a distant taper's twinkling ray Gleamed o'er the furze to light him on his way.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby vi. x. 287 Torches and cressets gleamed around.
1842 E. Bulwer-Lytton Zanoni 28 There gleam the columns of Capua.
1859 C. Kingsley Misc. (1860) II. 247 Keen, honest eyes gleamed out from his brown, scarred weather-beaten face.
1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 10 What will be the morning glory, when at dusk thus gleams the lake?
figurative.1815 A. MacTaggart Hortensia ii. iii, in J. Galt New Brit. Theatre IV. 161 A forc'd smile, gleam'd faintly o'er her visage.1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xiii. 109 Standing upright..with something of a noble anger gleaming over his poor wan face.1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People vii. §2. 358 Even the commonest lives gleamed for a moment into poetry at the stake.1878 C. Stanford Symbols Christ (new ed.) i. 10 Some hints of the reasons for the deep veneration in which he was held gleam in almost every line.
b. quasi-transitive, esp. with adverbs.
ΚΠ
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. K1v Dying eyes gleem'd forth their ashie lights. View more context for this quotation
1796 M. Robinson Angelina III. 28 Tapers, faintly pale, gleaming blue light upon the altar, then suddenly disappearing!
1818 H. H. Milman Samor iii. 52 The northern clouds..Stream in their restless wavings to and fro, While the sea billows gleam them mellower back.
figurative.1802 H. Martin Helen of Glenross IV. 259 She lies still, except in the movements of convulsions, that recur as often as thought gleams a recollection of her miseries.
2. To glance, look. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (intransitive)] > glance or look quickly
glent1303
gliffc1330
gleam1340
blenka1375
keekc1405
glidec1425
gliffen1489
runa1500
glish1570
glance1582
to glance one's eye, look1590
blink1592
squint1610
reflect1611
teet1710
glisk1720
glint1888
1340–70 Alisaunder 505 Nectanabus..nyed hym tyll And gleming gainelich too þe gome saide.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 47 I cast on him a crabbit e..And lettis it is a luf blenk quhen he about glemys.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

gleamv.2

Etymology: Later form of gleim v.
Falconry. ? Obsolete.
(See quot. 1704.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > hawking > action of hawk > [verb (intransitive)] > other actions
tirec1220
beak1486
enseam1486
traverse1486
bind1575
crab1575
gleam1575
accost1596
canceleera1640
to wait on1773
to throw up1881
1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 103 And when shee hath caste, then hoode hir agayne, gyuing hir nothing to feede on, vntill she gleame after hir casting.
1704 Dict. Rusticum Gleam..When a Hawk casteth, she Gleams; that is, throws up Filth from her Gorge.

Derivatives

gleam n. (see quot. 1891).
ΚΠ
1891 J. E. Harting Bibliotheca Accipitraria 223 Gleam, the substance thrown up after casting gorge.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2018).
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更新时间:2025/1/11 23:32:15