grass rootn.

Brit.

/ˌɡrɑːs ˈruːt/,

/ˌɡras ˈruːt/, U.S.

/ˈɡræs ˌrut/,

/ˌɡræs ˈrut/

Forms: see grass n.¹ and root n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: grass n.¹, root n.¹

Etymology: < grass n.¹ + root n.¹

1. A root of a grass plant. Also (and in earliest use): this as representing the level of the earth's surface. Usually in plural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > part of

bladec1450

grass root1474

bent1577

chat1601

grasstop1659

knee1678

locusta1707

straw1776

spikelet1793

strap1793

sheath-scale1796

spiket1796

stragule1821

scutellum1832

scobina1839

rachilla1842

chaff-scale1856

coleorhiza1866

hypoblast1882

lemma1906

1474–5 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1472 3rd Roll §31. m. 20 Water Coth', John Ovy..first digged the said myne, from the grasse rote.

1568 W. Turner Herbal (rev. ed.) i. 65 Folefoote..hath manye rootes full of knottes, small, one lyinge ouer an other, not vnlyke vnto grasse rootes, but much smaler.

1605 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Gen. Pract. Physick iii. xv. 434 Take Grasse-rootes, and Butchers Broome seed, of each one ounce.

1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler xii. 222 Wash your barrel with water and honey; and having put into it a quantitie of earth and grass roots, then put in your flies and cover it, and they will live a quarter of a year.

1700 Dr. Lowers Receipts 72 Take..of Grass-roots 2 ounces, Radishes, or Chick-pease half an ounce, Liquorish slic'd one ounce, boil 'em in 3 pints of water to a quart.

1766 T. Amory Life John Buncle II. vii. 227 Petrified twigs of trees, shrubs, and grass-roots.

1835 A. Smith Diary 7 Dec. (1940) II. 295 In it the grass roots get so burnt up that nothing but heavy rains can reanimate them.

1896 Contributions from U.S. National Herbarium 3 474 One of the men..named ‘California Joe’, expressed himself, ‘There's gold from the grass roots down but there's more gold from the grass roots up.’

1920 Jrnl. Educ. 91 258/1 They eat grass roots and that is what makes the brown patches on our lawns.

1961 Life 3 Mar. 19 (advt.) Grass roots are making their best growth right now—before the soil warms up.

2008 Org. Gardening June 57/2 Water weekly... This practice encourages the grass roots to search for moisture deep in the soil and conserves water.

2. figurative. In plural (frequently in form grassroots).

a. Originally U.S. Ordinary people considered as the foundation or main body of an organization, industry, etc., or of society more generally; esp. ordinary voters or the ordinary members of a political or social organization, movement, etc.; the rank and file.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 2b.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > [noun] > attachment to party > one attached to party > collectively

faithful1861

grass root1899

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > right to vote at elections > [noun] > one who has right to vote > whole body of electors > rank and file of

grass root1899

1899 Emporia (Kansas) Weekly Gaz. 23 Dec. 1/2 On the proposition of personal enmity against Republican unity, the Republicans of the state who do the voting and who are not wanting office or revenge, will line up with Chairman Morton Albaugh and General Hudson had better get down to the grass roots.

1912 McClure's Mag. July 324/1 From the Roosevelt standpoint, especially, it was a campaign from the ‘grass roots up’. The voter was the thing.

1965 Hospitals 1 July 27/1 From Wichita, Kansas, came a physician to report that the grass roots want a vote of nonparticipation with which to face the greatest crisis in American medicine.

1994 M. Marqusee Anyone but Eng. iv. 135 Dependent on largesse from the TCCB (which funds half its budget), it gives no voice to the game's grass roots.

2015 J. S. Jackson Amer. Polit. Party Syst. vi. 116 These delegates must represent the grass roots of their parties as well as other voters if they are going to succeed in the electoral wars.

b. The origin, source, or foundation of something. Now chiefly (often influenced by sense 2a): the fundamental or most basic level of an organization, industry, etc., or of society more generally.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > basis or foundation > [noun] > fundamental or most detailed level

hard tacks1892

grass root1901

nitty-gritty1940

micro level1956

1901 R. Kipling Kim xiv, in McClure's Mag. Sept. 483/2 Not till I came to Shamlegh could I meditate upon the Cause of Things, or trace the running grass-roots of Evil.

1952 Times 22 Mar. 7/4 Pushkin and Bakunin were only two of many famous men who were..given an opportunity to study at leisure what would now be called the ‘grass-roots’ of Russian civilization.

1966 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 23 Dec. 438/2 If one goes back, to use a dull cliché, to the grass roots of academic life,..then it seems to me the Franks proposals follow logically.

1972 E. Hobsbawm in Listener 27 July 100/1 What we have here is a textbook illustration of direct democracy at the grass roots.

2000 Network World 17 July 73/1 Thomas' master plan took him from the grass roots of the data processing industry..to high-profile CIO positions and finally to the corner office.

Compounds

C1. Mining. attributive. Designating the mining of ore close to the surface; (also) of or relating to mining of this kind.

ΚΠ

1881 Idaho Avalanche 30 July 7 Has the camp been properly prospected—or half prospected? No sir; grass-root mining, sir; grass-root mining.

1892 M. C. Ihlseng Man. Mining ii. x. 412 Grass-root bonanzas are rare.

1912 Mining Sci. 29 Aug. 130/1 Operations in the Cobalt district furnish probably the best example of ‘grass roots’ mining ever known.

1932 Bakersfield Californian 13 June 19/5 The day of grass root mining, with its antiquated mining machinery, is past.

1997 J. A. Murray in J. J. Marcus Mining Environmental Handbk. xv. 639/1 A major grassroots mining project must obtain several dozen separate environmental permits.

C2. attributive. In sense 2.

a. With the first element in singular form.

ΚΠ

1906 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Weekly Sentinel 26 Dec. 13/1 (heading) Many failures because the ‘grass root’ principles of farming are not learned.

1910 Weekly Ardmoreite (Ardmore, Okla.) 3 June 6/2 The grass root republican should be heard from.

1948 Times Lit. Suppl. 13 Mar. 143/4 The self-governing congregation is a unique element in English ‘grass-root’ democracy.

1986 M. J. Hoferek Going Forth vi. 59 As the struggle for a more positive environment for women in education continues, the need for grassroot support has become evident.

1994 Vincentian 22 July 12/4 Therefore it is of paramount importance that those in authority work in close collaboration with non-governmental organisations who often work directly and know the problems of the people at the grassroot level.

2006 A. Anthonissen in A. Knoppers & A. Anthonissen Making Sense of Diversity in Organizing Sport iii. 29 A discourse that stresses the interdependence of elite and grass root sport.

b. With the first element in plural form.

ΚΠ

1912 Iola (Kansas) Daily Reg. 24 Sept. 1/3 It [sc. the Republican Party League] has developed into a ‘grass-roots’ movement.

1935 Nation 19 June 697/2 ‘No crisis so grave has confronted our people’ since the Civil War, Mr. Lowden told the grassroots convention at Springfield.

1969 Oz May 32/3 Some of the attitudes and values to be found inherent in the music at its grass roots level.

1978 H. Salmon in P. Curno Polit. Issues & Community Work iv. 82 The grass-roots worker has a job to do in keeping the visionary and the political activist earthed in reality.

1983 M. S. Peck People of Lie (1985) vi. 231 Criticism of America's role in Vietnam began to flourish in 1965 among ‘the intellectual left’ but despite all the teach-ins and mass marches, the antiwar movement never gained any grass-roots support.

2011 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 31 July (Late ed.) a1 Mr. Gaffney would emerge as Mr. Yerushalmi's primary link to a network of former and current government officials, security analysts and grass-roots political organizations.

Derivatives

ˈgrass rooter n. originally U.S. a person who belongs to or supports the grass roots of an organization, industry, etc., or of society more generally; an ordinary person or rank-and-file member; cf. sense 2a.

ΚΠ

1913 Everybody's Mag. Mar. 427/1 Ever since Mr. Lawson started his articles in Everybody's several years ago, I have been very much interested, as a grass rooter, not so much in what Mr. Lawson has had to say, as in the mental processes of the man.

1947 Chicago Times 28 June 13/4 Other straw polls in other states indicate that Republican ‘Grass rooters’ quite generally feel the same way.

1961 Flying Feb. 30/1 In the Congress are grass rooters of imposing stature, such as Mike Monroney and Barry Goldwater, who understand the nature of airpower.

2005 Western Mail (Nexis) 27 July (Business section) 17 His exhortation that the public, private and voluntary sectors in the UK should focus more on maximising income and benefits from a more positive engagement with the European Union must have had Euro sceptic grass rooters dashing for their Kalashnikovs.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	grass root
释义	grass rootn. Brit. /ˌɡrɑːs ˈruːt/, /ˌɡras ˈruːt/, U.S. /ˈɡræs ˌrut/, /ˌɡræs ˈrut/ Forms: see grass n.¹ and root n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: grass n.¹, root n.¹ Etymology: < grass n.¹ + root n.¹ 1. A root of a grass plant. Also (and in earliest use): this as representing the level of the earth's surface. Usually in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > part of bladec1450 grass root1474 bent1577 chat1601 grasstop1659 knee1678 locusta1707 straw1776 spikelet1793 strap1793 sheath-scale1796 spiket1796 stragule1821 scutellum1832 scobina1839 rachilla1842 chaff-scale1856 coleorhiza1866 hypoblast1882 lemma1906 1474–5 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1472 3rd Roll §31. m. 20 Water Coth', John Ovy..first digged the said myne, from the grasse rote. 1568 W. Turner Herbal (rev. ed.) i. 65 Folefoote..hath manye rootes full of knottes, small, one lyinge ouer an other, not vnlyke vnto grasse rootes, but much smaler. 1605 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Gen. Pract. Physick iii. xv. 434 Take Grasse-rootes, and Butchers Broome seed, of each one ounce. 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler xii. 222 Wash your barrel with water and honey; and having put into it a quantitie of earth and grass roots, then put in your flies and cover it, and they will live a quarter of a year. 1700 Dr. Lowers Receipts 72 Take..of Grass-roots 2 ounces, Radishes, or Chick-pease half an ounce, Liquorish slic'd one ounce, boil 'em in 3 pints of water to a quart. 1766 T. Amory Life John Buncle II. vii. 227 Petrified twigs of trees, shrubs, and grass-roots. 1835 A. Smith Diary 7 Dec. (1940) II. 295 In it the grass roots get so burnt up that nothing but heavy rains can reanimate them. 1896 Contributions from U.S. National Herbarium 3 474 One of the men..named ‘California Joe’, expressed himself, ‘There's gold from the grass roots down but there's more gold from the grass roots up.’ 1920 Jrnl. Educ. 91 258/1 They eat grass roots and that is what makes the brown patches on our lawns. 1961 Life 3 Mar. 19 (advt.) Grass roots are making their best growth right now—before the soil warms up. 2008 Org. Gardening June 57/2 Water weekly... This practice encourages the grass roots to search for moisture deep in the soil and conserves water. 2. figurative. In plural (frequently in form grassroots). a. Originally U.S. Ordinary people considered as the foundation or main body of an organization, industry, etc., or of society more generally; esp. ordinary voters or the ordinary members of a political or social organization, movement, etc.; the rank and file.Sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 2b. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > [noun] > attachment to party > one attached to party > collectively faithful1861 grass root1899 society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > right to vote at elections > [noun] > one who has right to vote > whole body of electors > rank and file of grass root1899 1899 Emporia (Kansas) Weekly Gaz. 23 Dec. 1/2 On the proposition of personal enmity against Republican unity, the Republicans of the state who do the voting and who are not wanting office or revenge, will line up with Chairman Morton Albaugh and General Hudson had better get down to the grass roots. 1912 McClure's Mag. July 324/1 From the Roosevelt standpoint, especially, it was a campaign from the ‘grass roots up’. The voter was the thing. 1965 Hospitals 1 July 27/1 From Wichita, Kansas, came a physician to report that the grass roots want a vote of nonparticipation with which to face the greatest crisis in American medicine. 1994 M. Marqusee Anyone but Eng. iv. 135 Dependent on largesse from the TCCB (which funds half its budget), it gives no voice to the game's grass roots. 2015 J. S. Jackson Amer. Polit. Party Syst. vi. 116 These delegates must represent the grass roots of their parties as well as other voters if they are going to succeed in the electoral wars. b. The origin, source, or foundation of something. Now chiefly (often influenced by sense 2a): the fundamental or most basic level of an organization, industry, etc., or of society more generally. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > basis or foundation > [noun] > fundamental or most detailed level hard tacks1892 grass root1901 nitty-gritty1940 micro level1956 1901 R. Kipling Kim xiv, in McClure's Mag. Sept. 483/2 Not till I came to Shamlegh could I meditate upon the Cause of Things, or trace the running grass-roots of Evil. 1952 Times 22 Mar. 7/4 Pushkin and Bakunin were only two of many famous men who were..given an opportunity to study at leisure what would now be called the ‘grass-roots’ of Russian civilization. 1966 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 23 Dec. 438/2 If one goes back, to use a dull cliché, to the grass roots of academic life,..then it seems to me the Franks proposals follow logically. 1972 E. Hobsbawm in Listener 27 July 100/1 What we have here is a textbook illustration of direct democracy at the grass roots. 2000 Network World 17 July 73/1 Thomas' master plan took him from the grass roots of the data processing industry..to high-profile CIO positions and finally to the corner office. Compounds C1. Mining. attributive. Designating the mining of ore close to the surface; (also) of or relating to mining of this kind. ΚΠ 1881 Idaho Avalanche 30 July 7 Has the camp been properly prospected—or half prospected? No sir; grass-root mining, sir; grass-root mining. 1892 M. C. Ihlseng Man. Mining ii. x. 412 Grass-root bonanzas are rare. 1912 Mining Sci. 29 Aug. 130/1 Operations in the Cobalt district furnish probably the best example of ‘grass roots’ mining ever known. 1932 Bakersfield Californian 13 June 19/5 The day of grass root mining, with its antiquated mining machinery, is past. 1997 J. A. Murray in J. J. Marcus Mining Environmental Handbk. xv. 639/1 A major grassroots mining project must obtain several dozen separate environmental permits. C2. attributive. In sense 2. a. With the first element in singular form. ΚΠ 1906 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Weekly Sentinel 26 Dec. 13/1 (heading) Many failures because the ‘grass root’ principles of farming are not learned. 1910 Weekly Ardmoreite (Ardmore, Okla.) 3 June 6/2 The grass root republican should be heard from. 1948 Times Lit. Suppl. 13 Mar. 143/4 The self-governing congregation is a unique element in English ‘grass-root’ democracy. 1986 M. J. Hoferek Going Forth vi. 59 As the struggle for a more positive environment for women in education continues, the need for grassroot support has become evident. 1994 Vincentian 22 July 12/4 Therefore it is of paramount importance that those in authority work in close collaboration with non-governmental organisations who often work directly and know the problems of the people at the grassroot level. 2006 A. Anthonissen in A. Knoppers & A. Anthonissen Making Sense of Diversity in Organizing Sport iii. 29 A discourse that stresses the interdependence of elite and grass root sport. b. With the first element in plural form. ΚΠ 1912 Iola (Kansas) Daily Reg. 24 Sept. 1/3 It [sc. the Republican Party League] has developed into a ‘grass-roots’ movement. 1935 Nation 19 June 697/2 ‘No crisis so grave has confronted our people’ since the Civil War, Mr. Lowden told the grassroots convention at Springfield. 1969 Oz May 32/3 Some of the attitudes and values to be found inherent in the music at its grass roots level. 1978 H. Salmon in P. Curno Polit. Issues & Community Work iv. 82 The grass-roots worker has a job to do in keeping the visionary and the political activist earthed in reality. 1983 M. S. Peck People of Lie (1985) vi. 231 Criticism of America's role in Vietnam began to flourish in 1965 among ‘the intellectual left’ but despite all the teach-ins and mass marches, the antiwar movement never gained any grass-roots support. 2011 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 31 July (Late ed.) a1 Mr. Gaffney would emerge as Mr. Yerushalmi's primary link to a network of former and current government officials, security analysts and grass-roots political organizations. Derivatives ˈgrass rooter n. originally U.S. a person who belongs to or supports the grass roots of an organization, industry, etc., or of society more generally; an ordinary person or rank-and-file member; cf. sense 2a. ΚΠ 1913 Everybody's Mag. Mar. 427/1 Ever since Mr. Lawson started his articles in Everybody's several years ago, I have been very much interested, as a grass rooter, not so much in what Mr. Lawson has had to say, as in the mental processes of the man. 1947 Chicago Times 28 June 13/4 Other straw polls in other states indicate that Republican ‘Grass rooters’ quite generally feel the same way. 1961 Flying Feb. 30/1 In the Congress are grass rooters of imposing stature, such as Mike Monroney and Barry Goldwater, who understand the nature of airpower. 2005 Western Mail (Nexis) 27 July (Business section) 17 His exhortation that the public, private and voluntary sectors in the UK should focus more on maximising income and benefits from a more positive engagement with the European Union must have had Euro sceptic grass rooters dashing for their Kalashnikovs. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1474
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