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单词 goodfellow
释义

goodfellown.adj.

Brit. /ˈɡʊdˌfɛləʊ/, U.S. /ˈɡʊdˌfɛloʊ/
Forms: see good adj., n., adv., and int. and fellow n.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: good adj., fellow n.
Etymology: < good adj. + fellow n. (compare fellow n. 3). With sense A. 2 compare earlier Robin Goodfellow n.Earlier currency is apparently implied by surnames, e.g. Ricardus Godfelage (1192), William Godfelawe (1264), Garland Godefelawe (1384).
A. n.
1. An affable or jovial companion; a sociable or convivial person; spec. one who associates with others in feasting, drinking, and merrymaking, esp. habitually or hedonistically; a drinking companion; a reveller, a carouser. Frequently somewhat depreciative. Now archaic.In quot. a1656 in figurative context.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [noun] > habitual
fellowa1225
goodfellowa1393
Greek1536
boon companion1566
jovialist1596
Ephesian1600
Trojan1600
jolly dog1799
convivialist1810
boonfellow1876
fellow well met1885
jollier1896
society > authority > subjection > obedience > manageability > [noun] > tractability > person or thing
goodfellowa1393
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. l. 7752–6 Therwhile he hath his fulle packe, Thei seie, ‘A good felawe is Jacke’; Bot whanne it faileth ate laste..thanne is ther non other lawe Bot, ‘Jacke was a good falawe’.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 397 He was a good felawe Ful many a draghte of wyn hadde he drawe.
c1522 T. More Treat. Memorare Nouissima in Wks. (1557) I. 82 Yet shal ye find mo yt drink themself sow drunk of pride to be called good felowes, than for luste of the drink self.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) i. f. 18v It was well knowen, that Syr Roger had bene a good feloe in his yougth.
1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxviii. 221 If you..would faine knowe where the best ale is..marke where the greatest noyse is of good felowes, as they call them.
a1617 P. Baynes Comm. Epist. First Chapter Paul to Ephesians (1618) xv. 317 They are in company with Swearers, Gamsters, good fellowes.
1640 W. Prynne Ld. Bishops vii. sig. Gv They fill themselves with strong drinke, and are good Fellows.
a1656 J. Hales Golden Remains (1673) i. 251 For sins are good-fellows,..go always in droves.
a1677 I. Barrow Of Love of God (1680) 291 A glutton, and a good fellow, a friend to publicans, and sinners.
1701 D. Defoe True-born Englishman Pref. Methinks an Englishman, who is so proud of being call'd A Goodfellow, shou'd be civil.
1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xiv. 438 He associated himself most with the good-fellows, and eat in their company, being well provided for the expence.
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. at Wassail A liquour made of apples, sugar, and ale, anciently much used by English goodfellows.
1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 239 She was hearty and jovial withal, a thorough good-fellow in petticoats.
1855 W. Whitman Leaves of Grass 66 He was a goodfellow, Freemouthed, quicktempered, not badlooking, able to take his own part.
1905 Smart Set Sept. 129/1 She is not a creature to set to music—the clubby girl, the feminine good-fellow.
1991 Past & Present Aug. 52 Other sinners were no easier to suppress than the goodfellows of the alebench.
2. A thief. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun]
thief688
bribera1387
stealer1508
taker?a1513
goodfellow1566
snatcher1575
lift1591
liftera1592
larcin1596
Tartar1602
lime-twig1606
outparter1607
Tartarian1608
flick1610
puggard1611
gilt1620
nim1630
highwayman1652
cloyer1659
out-trader1660
Robin Goodfellow1680
birdlime1705
gyp1728
filch1775
kiddy1780
snaveller1781
larcenist1803
pincher1814
geach1821
wharf-rat1823
toucher1837
larcener1839
snammer1839
drummer1856
gun1857
forker1867
gunsmith1869
nabber1880
thiever1899
tea-leaf1903
gun moll1908
nicker1909
knocker-off1926
possum1945
scuffler1961
rip-off1969
1566 J. Rastell Third Bk. beware of M. Iewel f. 183v Steale you awaie, no more than D. Harding doth, and it wil sone be perceaued who is the theefe. For in deede, you plaie that good felows part, which being himselfe in daunger of taking, woulde point to another yt is giltlesse, and bid the standers by to looke that he scape not awaie from them.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxvii. 636 Those good fellowes..who used to live by robbing & stealing.
1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one i. sig. B4v Lu. Welcome good fellow. Host. Hee calles me theefe at first sight.
a1640 P. Massinger Guardian v. iv. 186 in 3 New Playes (1655) You are fitter far To be a Churchman, than to have command Over good-fellows.
1692 R. L'Estrange Fables ccccxcviii. 476 There was a Knot of Good Fellows that Borrow'd a small Sum of Mony of a Gentleman upon the King's High-way.
3. slang (originally and chiefly U.S.). Chiefly in form goodfella (cf. fella n.). A member of a Mafia family; (more generally) a mobster, a gangster.Popularized by the 1990 film GoodFellas, directed by Martin Scorsese.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker > gangster
gangster1884
gangman1912
gangsman1912
mobster1917
racketeer1924
gangbanger1930
bandit1935
hot rod1936
goodfellow1963
G1989
1963 Ann. Rep. Attorney-Gen. U.S. (U.S. Govt. Printing Office) 350 Each captain heads a ‘regime’ which consists of any number of ‘soldiers’, also referred to as ‘button men’ and ‘good fellows’.
1988 J. D. Pistone & R. Woodley Donnie Brasco xvii. 310 Was Anthony Mirra a wiseguy then?.. If Mirra wasn't a good fellow at the time you was there, his argument is no good.
1990 Boston Globe (Nexis) 16 Sept. b31 He was surrounded by organized criminals—‘wiseguys’, or ‘goodfellas’.
1996 Evening Standard (Nexis) 2 May 27 Quite why it takes five semi-retired goodfellas to scare off some college kid who's pinched the boss's son's girlfriend is never explained.
2004 C. Lee Aloft ii. 33 These days every thick-necked monobrow in the tristate area likes to pretend he's a goodfella, some made guy.
B. adj. (attributive).
That is a goodfellow (sense A. 1); relating to or characteristic of the behaviour of goodfellows; having a companionable or hedonistic character.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [adjective] > befitting a companion
goodfellow1590
companionly1697
1590 W. Segar Bk. Honor & Armes v. xxi. 61 Because they liued continuallie in ease and pleasure, men termed them Frati gaudenti: as much in our language, as Goodfellowe brethren.
1631 R. Bolton Instr. Right Comf. Affl. Consciences 285 The Ioviall good-fellow-mirth of carnall men.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. v. 162 Those natures which like the good-fellow planet Mercury are most swayed by others.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (Eph. v. 19) Drunkards sing..over their cups in their good-fellow-meetings.
1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. iii. ii. 133 A host of honest good fellow qualities..had lain perdue.
1853 C. Brontë Villette III. xxxi. 32 Not a jocund, good-fellow tone, still less an unctuous priestly accent, but a voice he had belonging to himself.
1879 G. Meredith Egoist I. xvii. 308 And men are grossly purchaseable; good wines have them, good cigars, a goodfellow air.
1922 S. Lewis Babbitt xvii. 218 Had too much of this..good-fellow stuff.
1937 New Statesman 4 Sept. 332/1 I myself keep a lazy hold on a kind of good-fellow philosophy.

Phrases

P1. to play the goodfellow: to socialize in a hedonistic or pleasure-seeking way; esp. to spend an excessive amount of time in eating, drinking, and merrymaking; to revel, roister, carouse. Now rare.Common from the mid 16th to the mid 17th centuries.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > merriment > be merry [verb (intransitive)]
blissc897
spilea1000
merryOE
to make good cheera1275
blithea1400
gleea1400
to play the goodfellow1563
jolly1610
to keep Hilary term1618
gaya1629
jovialize1640
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaking or conviviality > make merry [verb (intransitive)]
to make feast?c1225
to make merryc1330
merrymakec1395
to have a good (bad, etc.) time (of it, formerly on it)1509
to make pleasant1530
gaud1532
to play the goodfellow1563
company1591
junket1607
rage1979
1563 A. Golding tr. L. Bruni Hist. Warres Imperialles & Gothes ii. viii. f. 85 If the Frenchmen came into Italy, it was not to be doubted that they shuld get the vpper hand, but it was a difficulte matter to be beleued, that they would keepe touche and play the good fellowes in parting of the Empyre.
1566 J. Barthlet Pedegrewe Heretiques 50 A pardon for a Nunne that hath often played the good fellowe both without and within the Cloyster, with a clause that shall enioy the dignities of that order, yea to be Abbesse, ye price therof is .36. Turnois .9. Ducats.
1594 T. Nashe Terrors of Night sig. Eiij Hee was wont to iest and sport wyth countrey people, and play the good fellowe amongst kitchin-wenches.
1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. 135 a A kinswoman of the kings..being wont to play the goodfellowe with a certaine young man of the Greeks, as she imbraced him..vtterred the matter vnto him.
1626 H. Burton Plea to Appeale 1 A man may not sweare an oath (forsooth) nor play the good fellow a little, in drinking a cup or two more then needs.
1657 W. Rumsey Organon Salutis (1659) Ep. Ded. 19 They use now to play the Good-fellows in this wakeful and civil drink [coffee].
1667 S. Pepys Diary 14 Oct. (1974) VIII. 481 I suppose he is playing the goodfellow in the town.
1759 L. Sterne Polit. Romance 19 Trim, you must know, by foul Feeding, and playing the good Fellow at the Parson's, was grown somewhat gross about the lower Parts.
1881 E. H. Hickey Sculptor 51 Then fortune who, belike, was bid to the feast, And meant to play the Goodfellow thereat, Among them did a pleasant adventure bring.
1934 B. Creighton tr. ‘B. Traven’ Treasure of Sierra Madre (1935) 37 Pat knew how to play the good fellow, even the Bolshevik comrade, to catch his men cheap.
2010 J. Picciotto Labors of Innocence iv. 299 To be persuaded to play the good-fellow in coffee is to leave good fellowship behind.
P2. good fellow well-met: a person who is affable, outgoing, and companionable. Also attributive: characteristic of or relating to such a person. Cf. fellow well met at fellow n. Phrases 3, hail fellow well met at hail-fellow adj. b.
ΚΠ
1807 R. Wilson Jrnl. 15 May in Life Gen. Sir R. Wilson (1862) II. vii. 218 He moved up to Lord H. as if we were all members of the ‘good-fellow-well-met’ club.
1878 Day of Days 7 84/1 Where were those gay companions, those good fellows well-met, those associates who welcomed him with such apparent sincerity on his arrival?
1895 Railroad Trainmen's Jrnl. 12 1117/1 Simply because a member is a good fellow well met, does net signify him qualified to hold office.
1947 Springfield (Manitoba) Leader 14 Jan. 2/3 Perce is still the good-fellow-well-met and hasn't changed a bit.
1992 C. Dodd Priceless ii. 31 Her father, with his good-fellow-well-met voice, greeted Adam.
2008 G. Hackman & D. Lenihan Escape from Andersonville (2009) ix. 84 Marcel dropped his pretense of a good fellow well met.

Derivatives

goodfellow-like adj. Obsolete = good-fellowly adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [adjective]
merrya1350
revellingc1450
jolly1484
goodfellow-like1542
good-fellowly1573
jovial1607
jovialist1610
boona1612
merrymaking1616
festive1744
convivial1754
good-fellowish1839
rig-a-dig1851
1542 T. Becon Newes out of Heauen Prol. sig. B.vi It is accounted no synne..but rather a sporte, a good felowlike dalyaunce.
a1627 W. Sclater Brief Comm. Malachy (1650) 201 Before this preaching came up amongst us, we had as good fellow-like a parish, and as much good neighbourhood amongst us [etc.].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

goodfellowv.

Brit. /ˈɡʊdˌfɛləʊ/, U.S. /ˈɡʊdˌfɛloʊ/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: goodfellow n.
Etymology: < goodfellow n.
rare.
transitive. To address (a person) as ‘good fellow’.Apparently only in more than occasional use during the 19th cent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > speak to or address [verb (transitive)] > in a specific way
thoua1425
thowt1440
yeet1440
ye1483
boy1573
uncle1597
goodfellow1628
thee1657
fellow1665
tutoyer1697
honour1726
pa1823
good man1846
old boy1867
tom1897
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. lxxxiv. sig. Z2 Let me rather be disliked for not being a Beast, then be good-fellowed with a hug, for being one.
1844 Sportsman May 331 They are called by their Christian names, and ‘good-fellowed’ to a great degree.
1889 Leicester Chron. & Leics. Mercury 7 Dec. 9/4 I,..caressing, and patting, and ‘poor-dogging’ and ‘good-fellowing’ him to the full.
1947 F. Morton Hound ii. ix. 219 The sight of no other than Helmuth, backslapping and good-fellowing you as ever.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.a1393v.1628
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