goodmann.

Brit.

/ˈɡʊdmən/,

/ɡʊdˈman/, U.S.

/ˈɡʊdmən/,

/ˌɡʊdˈmæn/

Inflections: Plural goodmen.

Forms: see good adj., n., adv., and int. and man n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: good adj., man n.¹

Etymology: < good adj. + man n.¹ Compare Middle Dutch goedman worthy man, man of standing (Dutch goeman ), Middle Low German gōdeman , gōtman , gūdeman nobleman, yeoman, worthy man, German Gutmann nobleman, (regional, in later use) worthy man (first half of the 15th cent.). Compare goodwife n.In Old English a syntactic combination of adjective and noun, rather than a true compound. Specific senses. With sense 1 compare Old English (and early Middle English) gōd man (used in contexts other than as a form of address) in sense ‘worthy man’ (see good adj. 4), sometimes bordering on a designation of rank or title. In Middle English and Older Scots sources, the noun phrase good man was sometimes written as one word (although the practice in editions frequently reflects the decisions of modern editors). In some such cases goodman could be construed as a vague title of respect, probably echoing use as a form of address (see sense 1):a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 151 Iob wes anfald rihtwis Mon and swa godmon þet ure drihten him solf hine herede.c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) 186 We ben of sodenne, Ycomen of godemenne [c1300 Cambr. gode kenne].a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 12 Þis gudman Nicholas Vnto god euir prayand was.c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 2407 Þan takis þe gudman þe gifte, & gretly þam þankis.1561 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1875) III. 127 Thomas Hog, cordiner, askit instrumentis that he wald do as the gudeman Dauid Kinloch dyd. In sense 2a originally translating Anglo-Norman pruzdom prudhomme n. In sense 4a originally after Middle French bonhomme Bonhomme n. (1480 in the passage translated in quot. 1484, or earlier, in this sense). In sense 8 after Spanish hombre bueno (1884 or earlier in this sense; second half of the 13th cent. in sense ‘worthy man’). Use in names. As a personal name difficult to distinguish from apparently similar names showing a different formation (compare the Old English male personal name Godman , the first element of which may reflect either good adj. or god n.). Furthermore, even when names are accepted as reflecting good man , it is often difficult to distinguish the precise sense; thus, for example, it has been suggested that the early surname seen in Henry le Godman (1275) may reflect the general sense ‘worthy man’ or the specific sense ‘master of a household’ (compare sense 2). Earlier occurrences as byname or surname such as Astcelinus Godeman (a1115) are more likely to have a different explanation (deriving either from the Old English personal name mentioned above or from its similarly-formed equivalent in a continental Germanic language or perhaps having some other origin).

1. Used as a respectful form of address, typically between equals. Chiefly Scottish after Middle English. Now rare.In early use frequently in plural, probably typically addressing righteous and worthy men collectively rather than expressing simple respect. Sc. National Dict. (at Guidman) records this sense as still in use in Aberdeenshire, Fife, and Lothian in 1955, but marks it as obsolescent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man

liefc907

goodmanOE

beausirec1300

sir1320

lede1377

fatherhood1461

gallant1488

fatherhead?a1500

Mr?a1640

gallantissimoa1681

mister1734

massa1766

sieur1772

stira1796

master1798

zurr1803

sieur1812

squire1828

guv'nor1843

Mistah1853

sor1891

suh1894

OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 49 Ða ofseah he ænne geongne man and..ongan hine axian, and cwæð, La, wel gedo ðe, goda man.

lOE St. Nicholas (Corpus Cambr.) (1997) 92 Eale ge goda men, hwæt wæs þæt wif þe litle ær spræc wið eow?

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 11 (MED) Gode men, nu beoð icumen þa bicumeliche daȝes.

c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 502 (MED) ‘Godeman,’ seyd þe pilgrim þo, ‘What hastow to frein me so?’

?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 101 Godmen, takiþ nou gome Of tokninges þat commiþ bifor.

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 524 (MED) Be noȝt so gryndel, god-mon, bot go forth þy wayes.

a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 663 Goode men, wyttyly, Wole ye have any mynstralsy?

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 436 And, gudman, [on] þe gold rynge, þe thre grauen thyngis, Þai ere þus mekill to mene.

a1500 (?a1400) Tale King Edward & Shepherd (Cambr.) (1930) l. 636 Al hayle, godeman, Whider wiltow goo?

1525 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1887) I. 29 Gudman, it is said that ye murmur me, sayand that I have doune yow gret wrangis.

1576 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 120 Sche said god speid ȝow gudemann.

1643 in J. Maidment Misc. Abbotsford Club (1837) 183 Ȝe said to him, Guidman, if ȝe will, I sall charme ȝow of the boneshaw.

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 8 Goodman, quoth he, be ye within, I'm come your doghter's love to win.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 39 Good even to you, goodman.

1854 D. Robertson Laird of Logan (new ed.) 48 That's a braw young quey you're leading, gudeman.

1912 D. McKie Fables frae French 15 I'm here, guidman, what may ye want o' me?

a. The male head of a household; the master, the householder. Frequently in goodman of the house (cf. man of the house n. at man n.¹ Phrases 2ac). Cf. goodwife n. 1a. Now Scottish or in historical contexts. Sc. National Dict. (at Guidman) records the sense as still in widespread use in Scotland and Ulster in 1955.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > head of family, tribe, or clan > [noun] > head of household

houselordOE

husbandOE

lordOE

goodmanc1275

husbandmanc1330

master1536

man of the house1539

housemaster1593

major-domo1649

house head1864

old baas1882

c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 220 For so seyth ure lord, ine þo godspelle of to dai, þet on goodman [Fr. pruzdom] was þat ferst uut yede bi þe Moreghen.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 13507 Alle was fed godemen & knauis.

a1400 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 158 For when þe gode man is fro hame, And þe frere comes to oure dame, He spares nauþer for synne ne shame þat he ne dos his will.

a1425 (?a1350) Seven Sages (Galba) l. 1536 Þe gudeman percayued of his wiue, How þat she rase o nightes him fra.

a1450 (?1419–20) Friar Daw's Reply (Digby) l. 336 in P. L. Heyworth Jack Upland (1968) 83 Whanne þe good man is oute, pleye þei god rode.

c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) i. l. 66 (MED) Þer gromes and þe goodmen beth all eliche grette.

a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 199 The gud man of the hous held ay his bonet of, salang as the Dene was in with him.

1588 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (new ed.) ii. vii. 266 In like sort is it, if the goodman of the house (perceiuing that Theeues are without) wil open the doores, and go out against them.

1631 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 72 Wherefore doth the word say, that our Christ, the Goodman of this house, His dear kirk, hath feet like fine brass?

1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 159 The auld guidman raught down the pock, An' out a handfu' gied him.

1842 T. B. Macaulay Horatius in Lays Anc. Rome 76 When the goodman mends his armour, And trims his helmet's plume.

1868 J. Payn Bentinck's Tutor vii. 88 In the ample chimney..half-a-dozen whole sheep..to the guidman of the house, as he sat with his pipe beneath their comely carcases, afforded great comfort in assurance of plenty against the coming winter.

1917 R. H. Stoddard in J. W. Cunliffe & A. H. Thorndike World's Best Lit. V. 2834 What with the guidman, the guidwife, and the bonny bairns, there was not much spare room in the little clay biggin at Alloway.

1995 A. Duncan Hebridean Island 48 There was always a low chair for the guidwife, or mistress, at one end of the hearth..and another for the guidman, or master, at the end next the door.

2002 R. Jordan From Two Rivers (new ed.) i. 7 The goodman of the house clambered about, checking the thatch to see if the winter's damage meant calling on..the thatcher.

†b. The manager or head of an establishment, as the host of an inn, the keeper of a prison, etc. Cf. goodwife n. 1a. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > keeper of eating-house > [noun]

hostc1290

taverner1340

hosteler1350

cookc1390

ostlera1400

goodman1430

innkeeperc1449

hosterc1503

hostler?a1505

tabler1569

tavern-keeper1611

ordinary keeper1644

cantinier1721

landlord1724

traiteur1751

tavern-man1755

restaurateur1793

restorator1796

restauranteur1837

restauranter1863

society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prisoner > [noun] > jailer

jailerc1290

prisonera1325

officer?1387

claviculer1447

javeler?c1450

key turner1606

baston1607

twistkey1617

prison keeper1623

detainer1647

prison officer1649

turnkey1655

imprisoner1656

phylacist1656

cipier1671

wardsman1683

goodman1698

prison guard1722

screw1812

dungeoner1817

dubsman1839

cell-keeper1841

prison warder1854

warder1855

dubs1882

twirl1891

hack1914

correction officer1940

1430 in B. Kjerrström Stud. Lang. London Chron. (1946) App. 309 The Godeman atte the cok a ȝens the lytell Condit in Chepe.

1463–4 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 247 (MED) Item, to the goodman of Cardenallys Hat, for horsemet the same day, vij s. vj d.

1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 7 Thys yere the goodman at the Cooke in Cheppe..was morderd in hys bede by nyght.

1663 Forbes Baron Court Bk. in Publ. Sc. Hist. Soc. (1919) 2nd Ser. 19 242 Ye bailzie ordaines the guidmans of saidis millis that they..sall not bink yair shilling nor brok yair stuff.

1698 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1872) II. 324 Ane sufficient and trustie man to be keeper of the prison, as other burghs have, who are designed Goodman of the Tolbouth.

1722 R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. II. 636 The Goodman (Jaylor) of the Tolbooth came to him in his Chamber.

1796 J. Lauderdale Coll. Poems Sc. Dial. 62 They offer for to bell the cat Wi' our gude-man.

1838 A. Rodger Poems & Songs 52 The soncy gudeman o' the Herald.

3. A man of wealth or social standing who is not a member of the gentry or aristocracy, as a master in a craft or guild, a burgess, a yeoman, etc. Chiefly historical after 17th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [noun] > yeoman

yeomana1387

goodman1389

estatesman1810

greycoat1866

1389 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 58 (MED) Þis broþerhed was bi-gonnen in london of godemen of Colman-stret.

c1436 Domesday Ipswich (BL Add. 25011) in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1873) II. 151 (MED) Thanne be he by the ballives and the goodemen [Fr. les bons gentz] of the toun for-iuged of his fraunchise.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1708 (MED) With that cam in the goodman, with contenaunce disgisid.

1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) I. ii. v. 137 [The yeomen] be not called masters and gentlemen, but goodmen, as goodman Smith [etc.].

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 16 He is called a Good Man in common Discourse, who is not Dignified with Gentilitie.

1826 J. Banim Boyne Water II. xi. 328 Horses, cats, and rats will be eaten up;..then must we needs fall foul of each other; and your goodmen fat fellows, especially your aldermen, shall first draw lot, by the rood!

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 496 There went that morn a goodman of the dale..His herdsman with him.

1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (1875) I. xi. 424 The aldermen and brethren constituted the guild, and the reeve and good-men the magistracy of the township.

2005 A. F. Sutton Mercery of London iii. 65 Apprentices were still recorded under the name of their ward, and their periods of service were witnessed by their master or by the testimony of the goodmen of the ward.

4. As a title of courtesy or respect. Frequently with capital initial. Cf. goodwife n. 1a.

†a. Prefixed to an occupational title. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > title > for a man > used with profession

sirec1290

sir1297

mastera1470

goodman1484

goody1582

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope iii. f. cxxiii^v Hit befelle somtyme that a good man labourer [Fr. ung bon homme laboureur] wente fro lyf to deth.

1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. D^v In my time he was counted but goodman Tailor, now he is growne since veluet breeches came in, to be called a marchant or Gentleman Marchant Tailor.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 14 Nay, but heare you good man deluer.

1638 J. Ford Fancies i. 5 To their painted Arras for a need [sic] From Goodman usher, or the formall Secretary.

b. Prefixed to the name of a person below the rank of gentleman, as a yeoman, a farmer, or (more widely) any householder. Cf. senses 2a, 3. archaic or historical after 18th cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [adjective] > that is a yeoman

goodman1560

yeomanly1576

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > title > for a man

Mra1449

goodman1560

gaffer1575

mister1722

bro1832

bra1880

1560 T. Churchyard Contention betwyxte Churchyeard & Camell sig. E.i^v Good man Gefferay Chappell, of whipstable.

1583 Sir T. Smith's De Republica Anglorum i. xxiii. 30 These [Yeomen] be not called masters, for that (as I saide) pertaineth to gentlemen onely: But to their surnames, men adde goodman: as..goodman White,..goodman Browne, amongest their neighbours, I meane not in matters of importance or in lawe.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. ii. 36 Dictisima goodman Dull, dictisima goodman Dull.

1618 in C. Kerry Hist. Church of St. Lawrence, Reading (1883) 87 Itm. p^d. to goodman Knight for casting of the 4 bell, 6l. 10s.

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 44 In that howse lived goodman Akam to whome this close belonged.

1671 in W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. (1887) 65 To Goodman Davis in his sicknes..0 0 6.

1702 London Gaz. No. 3858/4 A Watch..was dropt the 14th past near Goodman Peacock's Farm.

1714 J. Gay Shepherd's Week i. 10 The sun-beams bright..gild the thatch of Goodman Hodges' barn.

1872 R. W. Buchanan St. Abe & his Seven Wives ii. v. 111 As each Saint sank unsinew'd, In his arm-chair he continued: ‘Goodman Jones’ [etc.].

1910 W. Raymond Eng. Country Life (1911) xxix. 359 Goodman Rudd was something of an ‘afternoon farmer’, as folk said.

1958 D. S. Daniell Hunt Royal (1962) ii. 21 ‘Lead on, goodman Yates,’ said the King, ‘and set a good pace.’

c. humorous or ironic. As a mock title for someone deemed unworthy of respect. See also goodman two-shoes n. at Compounds.

ΚΠ

1564 T. Becon Displayeng Popishe Masse f. 47^v, in Wks. iii Ye praye for..the soules of good man Rynsepytcher and good wyfe Pyntepot.

c1626 Dick of Devonshire (1955) 1293 Pray (goodman rascall) how long have he & you bene Brothers?

1692 J. Washington tr. J. Milton Def. People Eng. xii Now I come to you again, Good-man Goosecap, who scribble so finely.

1769 H. Walpole Let. 14 June in Corr. (1937) I. 164 I am very sorry for the fever you have had; but Goodman Frog, if you will live in the fens, do you expect to be as healthy as if you were a fat Dominican at Naples?

1840 F. M. Trollope Life & Adventures Michael Armstrong xvii. 179 But wait a bit, Goodman Goose, and you'll find out perhaps, as all is not gold as glitters.

a1881 S. Lanier in Independent (1884) 21 Aug. 1/1 O marriage-bells! your clamor tells Two weddings in one breath. She marries whom her love compels, And I wed Goodman Death!

1961 M. St. Clare Byrne Elizabethan Life in Town & Country (rev. ed.) viii. 144 Very important in his own eyes, though perhaps rather less so in other people's, was the village constable, Dogberry or Goodman Dull.

5. A woman's husband. Usually with possessive pronoun. Cf. goodwife n. 3. Now Scottish.Some earlier examples of sense 2a refer to the head of the household specifically as a husband (see, e.g., quots. a1400², a1450).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married man > [noun] > husband

churla800

lordeOE

werec893

husbanda1275

mana1325

masterc1325

sovereign1390

maritea1398

husbandman?a1439

goodman?1507

baron1595

spouse1604

husband of one's bosom1611

old man1673

hubby1682

sposo1741

hub1809

master-man1825

pot and pan1900

mister1931

DH1993

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 47 I wald a tender peronall that..had my gud man [printed in original man gud my] to hir gest.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. vii. 7 To Vulcanus, hir husband and gudeman, Within his golden chalmer sche began Thus for to speik.

a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. xiiii. sig. H.vi She saide it in sporte to make her good man laughe.

1593 Tell-Trothes New-yeares Gift (1876) 37 Why is the husband called his wives good-manne?

1609 S. Rowlands Whole Crew Kind Gossips 20 Little our goodmen knowes what their wiues thinkes.

1649 in J. Campbell Balmerino (1899) 386 Margaret Boyd..declares that hir goodman..went to deathe with it, that Elspeth Seith and other two did ryde him to deathe.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 54 A Wife knows enough, who knows the good Man's Breeks from Weilycoat.

1762 Gentleman's Mag. (1806) June 288/1 Buss'd with a smack her nown good man.

1816 W. Scott Old Mortality viii, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 158 ‘It's my good-man, sir,’ said the young woman, with a smile of welcome.

1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh iii. 130 One was tender for her dear goodman.

1892 H. C. O'Neill Devonshire Idyls 4 When she first came there as bride, with a ‘good man’ of her own.

1934 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Grey Granite ii. 130 An eident wife with a big shopping bag buying up sixpenny tins of plums and her goodman standing beside her.

a1978 A. S. Borrowman Buik o Ruth & Ither Wark in Lallans (1979) (Ruth i. 3) 13 Naomi's guidman deed, and she was leeft wi her twa sons.

2000 D. Kerr Puckle Poems 11 Ma guid man but, this mornin, gied me fair warnin.

2021 R. Macgregor in Lallans 99 59 Ah leve ma seeck guidman..Tae care fir ma dochter.

6. Scottish. The owner or tenant of a property, typically a small estate or farm. Usually with of and the name of the estate or farm. Now historical and rare.A goodman ranked below a laird, and corresponded approximately to a yeoman in England and a duniwassal in the Highlands.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > owner > landowner > small landowner

yeomana1387

portioner1476

goodman1540

esquire1600

little man1787

statesman1787

1540 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 113 Scho had coft ye auld calfroun fra ye gudman of edschaw.

1592 in W. Hunter Biggar & House of Fleming (1862) xxiv. 298 John and Adam Tweedie, Sons to the Guidman of Dreva.

a1605 R. Birrel Diarey 61 in J. G. Dalyell Fragm. of Scotish Hist. (1798) Robert Weir broken on ane cart wheel..for murdering of the guidman of Warriston.

c1610 J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1683) 122 Alexander Hume of Manderstoun, Coildinknows, and the Good man of North Berwick.

1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 29 Dec. (1855) 143 The gudeman of Erlistone, James Tailfeir of Haircleugh [etc.].

1657 Speech Fife Laird in J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems (1706) i. 28 When I was born..There was no word of Laird or Knight: The greatest Stiles of Honour then, Was to be titl'd the Good-man. But changing Time..puts a Laird in th' Good-man's place.

1714 G. Lockhart Mem. Affairs Scotl. 101 A Petty little Family in the Shire of Air, the Representatives of which, until his Father's time never designed the Laird, but always the Goodman of Kelburn.

1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire xi. 257 James V. who often travelled through the country in disguise..used, when asked who he was, to call himself the Good-man of Ballochgeich.

1801 J. Thomson Poems Sc. Dial. 83 We ca'd our master ay Gudeman, Nae ither name got tenants than.

1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. xi. 232 The rental-book..open at the place where it bore evidence against the Goodman of Primrose-Knowe, as behind the hand with his mails and duties.

1891 Sc. Antiquary 5 173 The goodman of Wastness was well-to-do, had his farm well stocked, and was a good-looking and well-favoured man.

1913 J. Allardyce Byegone Days 67 Under the guidman of a large farm were a number of sub-tenants.

7. Scottish. euphemistic.

a. The devil. In later use frequently in the auld goodman. Now archaic and historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun]

devileOE

Beelzebubc950

the foul ghosteOE

SatanOE

warlockOE

SatanasOE

worsea1200

unwinea1225

wondc1250

quedea1275

pucka1300

serpenta1300

dragon1340

shrew1362

Apollyon1382

the god of this worldc1384

Mahoundc1400

leviathan1412

worsta1425

old enemyc1449

Ruffin1567

dismal1570

Plotcocka1578

the Wicked One1582

goodman1603

Mahu1603

foul thief1609

somebody1609

legiona1616

Lord of Flies1622

walliman1629

shaitan1638

Old Nicka1643

Nick1647

unsel?1675

old gentleman1681

old boy1692

the gentleman in black1693

deuce1694

Black Spy1699

the vicious one1713

worricow1719

Old Roger1725

Lord of the Flies1727

Simmie1728

Old Scratch1734

Old Harry1777

Old Poker1784

Auld Hornie1786

old (auld), ill thief1789

old one1790

little-good1821

Tom Walker1833

bogy1840

diabolarch1845

Old Ned1859

iniquity1899

1603 in S. Ree Rec. Elgin (1908) II. 114 The said Robert delatis the tennentis of Glakmarres to haue left a peice land to the gudmane (deuill) for the noltis caus.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Midlothian I. iv. 72 She'll hae had some quarrel wi' her auld gudeman—that's Satan, ye ken, sirs.

1828 W. Nicholson Tales in Verse (ed. 2) 124 E'en the auld gudeman himsel did sweat, To look at Aiken-drum.

1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 111 The Goodman will catch you in his net.

1929 J. M. McPherson Primitive Beliefs N.E. Scotl. 135 In the North-East of Scotland, so numerous were the fields dedicated to the ‘Auld Goodman’ that the Church resolved to apply to Parliament for an Act to deal with the owners of these uncultivated lands.

b. In the genitive: designating an area of farmland left uncultivated and ungrazed, and dedicated to the devil in order to protect the rest of the farm against disease, failure, etc. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1650 in W. Cramond Church of Rathven (1885) 20 It was demandit if ther wer..heir..any plot of land unlabored, dedicat to the dewill, called the gudman's croft.

1779 H. Arnot Hist. Edinb. i. ii. 80 Farmers left a part of their lands perpetually untilled..this spot was dedicated to the Devil, and called the Goodman's croft.

c1780 in J. M. McPherson Primitive Beliefs N.E. Scotl. (1929) 141 The Goodman's Faul.

1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 111 Bonny's the sod o' the Goodman's taft.

1895 R. Ford Tayside Songs 118 A howl gaed up frae the ‘gudeman's craft’, An' a wail frae the Witches' knowe.

1919 M. Maclean From Croft & Clachan 11 Fivescore witches sailing aloft Headed their steeds for the Goodman's Croft.

1945 Scots Mag. Sept. 468 Only a couple of centuries later was the last Guidman's Croft invaded by the plough, and then to the accompaniment of much heart-searching and a good deal of ritual designed to avert the wrath of its supernatural occupants.

2009 R. Guiley Encycl. Demons & Demonol. 96/2 Wishert was seen in his Goodman's Ground [in 1596], naked from the waist down, bending over to kiss the Devil's anus.

†8. U.S. = arbitrator n. 1. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > [noun] > settling quarrels or disputes > arbitration > arbitrator

noumperec1350

umpire?c1400

arbitrator1426

mid-man1459

wardsman1482

appointer1523

daysman1530

arbiter1548

moderator1556

oddsman1571

compromitter1579

compromiser1598

compromittee1602

umpirer1650

goodman1836

honest broker1878

leopard-skin chief1933

leopard-skin priest1951

1836 D. B. Edward Hist. Texas vii. 161 They shall adopt for a definite resolution the opinion most favourable to the defendant between the Alcaldes and the good-man of the plaintiff.

Compounds

† goodman two-shoes n. somewhat depreciative Obsolete a title for, or form of address to, a man, suggesting that he is of lower social status or has the manners, taste, or opinions supposedly typical of the lower classes; cf. goody-two-shoes n. 1.

ΚΠ

1673 J. Eachard Some Opinions Mr Hobbs Considered 12 What's that to you Goodman-two-shoes: am I bound to acquaint you with all that I can do?

?c1690 Answer to Clemens Alexandrinus's Serm. (single sheet) You Goodman Two shoes, and you Gammer Two shoes,..and you Goody Gurton, that have lain in Straw ever since your Bed was taken away for Plunder in the Civil Wars, let me tell ye, you are poor stupid Wretches.

Derivatives

† goodmanlike adj. Scottish Obsolete befitting or characteristic of a husband (cf. sense 5).

ΚΠ

1823 J. Galt Entail I. xxxv. 306 It's your wife, my lad..ye'll surely never refuse to carry her head in a gudemanlike manner to the kirk-yard.

† goodmanship n. Scottish Obsolete an estate, farm, etc., held by a goodman (sense 6).

ΚΠ

1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad II. ii. 182 When lands were held of any of the great families, they were but a gudemanship.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	goodman
释义	goodmann. Brit. /ˈɡʊdmən/, /ɡʊdˈman/, U.S. /ˈɡʊdmən/, /ˌɡʊdˈmæn/ Inflections: Plural goodmen. Forms: see good adj., n., adv., and int. and man n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: good adj., man n.¹ Etymology: < good adj. + man n.¹ Compare Middle Dutch goedman worthy man, man of standing (Dutch goeman ), Middle Low German gōdeman , gōtman , gūdeman nobleman, yeoman, worthy man, German Gutmann nobleman, (regional, in later use) worthy man (first half of the 15th cent.). Compare goodwife n.In Old English a syntactic combination of adjective and noun, rather than a true compound. Specific senses. With sense 1 compare Old English (and early Middle English) gōd man (used in contexts other than as a form of address) in sense ‘worthy man’ (see good adj. 4), sometimes bordering on a designation of rank or title. In Middle English and Older Scots sources, the noun phrase good man was sometimes written as one word (although the practice in editions frequently reflects the decisions of modern editors). In some such cases goodman could be construed as a vague title of respect, probably echoing use as a form of address (see sense 1):a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 151 Iob wes anfald rihtwis Mon and swa godmon þet ure drihten him solf hine herede.c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) 186 We ben of sodenne, Ycomen of godemenne [c1300 Cambr. gode kenne].a1425 (?c1375) N. Homily Legendary (Harl.) in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 12 Þis gudman Nicholas Vnto god euir prayand was.c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 2407 Þan takis þe gudman þe gifte, & gretly þam þankis.1561 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1875) III. 127 Thomas Hog, cordiner, askit instrumentis that he wald do as the gudeman Dauid Kinloch dyd. In sense 2a originally translating Anglo-Norman pruzdom prudhomme n. In sense 4a originally after Middle French bonhomme Bonhomme n. (1480 in the passage translated in quot. 1484, or earlier, in this sense). In sense 8 after Spanish hombre bueno (1884 or earlier in this sense; second half of the 13th cent. in sense ‘worthy man’). Use in names. As a personal name difficult to distinguish from apparently similar names showing a different formation (compare the Old English male personal name Godman , the first element of which may reflect either good adj. or god n.). Furthermore, even when names are accepted as reflecting good man , it is often difficult to distinguish the precise sense; thus, for example, it has been suggested that the early surname seen in Henry le Godman (1275) may reflect the general sense ‘worthy man’ or the specific sense ‘master of a household’ (compare sense 2). Earlier occurrences as byname or surname such as Astcelinus Godeman (a1115) are more likely to have a different explanation (deriving either from the Old English personal name mentioned above or from its similarly-formed equivalent in a continental Germanic language or perhaps having some other origin). 1. Used as a respectful form of address, typically between equals. Chiefly Scottish after Middle English. Now rare.In early use frequently in plural, probably typically addressing righteous and worthy men collectively rather than expressing simple respect. Sc. National Dict. (at Guidman) records this sense as still in use in Aberdeenshire, Fife, and Lothian in 1955, but marks it as obsolescent. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > for a man liefc907 goodmanOE beausirec1300 sir1320 lede1377 fatherhood1461 gallant1488 fatherhead?a1500 Mr?a1640 gallantissimoa1681 mister1734 massa1766 sieur1772 stira1796 master1798 zurr1803 sieur1812 squire1828 guv'nor1843 Mistah1853 sor1891 suh1894 OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 49 Ða ofseah he ænne geongne man and..ongan hine axian, and cwæð, La, wel gedo ðe, goda man. lOE St. Nicholas (Corpus Cambr.) (1997) 92 Eale ge goda men, hwæt wæs þæt wif þe litle ær spræc wið eow? a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 11 (MED) Gode men, nu beoð icumen þa bicumeliche daȝes. c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 502 (MED) ‘Godeman,’ seyd þe pilgrim þo, ‘What hastow to frein me so?’ ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 101 Godmen, takiþ nou gome Of tokninges þat commiþ bifor. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 524 (MED) Be noȝt so gryndel, god-mon, bot go forth þy wayes. a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 663 Goode men, wyttyly, Wole ye have any mynstralsy? c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 436 And, gudman, [on] þe gold rynge, þe thre grauen thyngis, Þai ere þus mekill to mene. a1500 (?a1400) Tale King Edward & Shepherd (Cambr.) (1930) l. 636 Al hayle, godeman, Whider wiltow goo? 1525 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1887) I. 29 Gudman, it is said that ye murmur me, sayand that I have doune yow gret wrangis. 1576 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 120 Sche said god speid ȝow gudemann. 1643 in J. Maidment Misc. Abbotsford Club (1837) 183 Ȝe said to him, Guidman, if ȝe will, I sall charme ȝow of the boneshaw. 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 8 Goodman, quoth he, be ye within, I'm come your doghter's love to win. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. I. 39 Good even to you, goodman. 1854 D. Robertson Laird of Logan (new ed.) 48 That's a braw young quey you're leading, gudeman. 1912 D. McKie Fables frae French 15 I'm here, guidman, what may ye want o' me? 2. a. The male head of a household; the master, the householder. Frequently in goodman of the house (cf. man of the house n. at man n.¹ Phrases 2ac). Cf. goodwife n. 1a. Now Scottish or in historical contexts. Sc. National Dict. (at Guidman) records the sense as still in widespread use in Scotland and Ulster in 1955. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > rule or government of family or tribe > head of family, tribe, or clan > [noun] > head of household houselordOE husbandOE lordOE goodmanc1275 husbandmanc1330 master1536 man of the house1539 housemaster1593 major-domo1649 house head1864 old baas1882 c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 220 For so seyth ure lord, ine þo godspelle of to dai, þet on goodman [Fr. pruzdom] was þat ferst uut yede bi þe Moreghen. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 13507 Alle was fed godemen & knauis. a1400 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 158 For when þe gode man is fro hame, And þe frere comes to oure dame, He spares nauþer for synne ne shame þat he ne dos his will. a1425 (?a1350) Seven Sages (Galba) l. 1536 Þe gudeman percayued of his wiue, How þat she rase o nightes him fra. a1450 (?1419–20) Friar Daw's Reply (Digby) l. 336 in P. L. Heyworth Jack Upland (1968) 83 Whanne þe good man is oute, pleye þei god rode. c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) i. l. 66 (MED) Þer gromes and þe goodmen beth all eliche grette. a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 199 The gud man of the hous held ay his bonet of, salang as the Dene was in with him. 1588 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (new ed.) ii. vii. 266 In like sort is it, if the goodman of the house (perceiuing that Theeues are without) wil open the doores, and go out against them. 1631 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 72 Wherefore doth the word say, that our Christ, the Goodman of this house, His dear kirk, hath feet like fine brass? 1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 159 The auld guidman raught down the pock, An' out a handfu' gied him. 1842 T. B. Macaulay Horatius in Lays Anc. Rome 76 When the goodman mends his armour, And trims his helmet's plume. 1868 J. Payn Bentinck's Tutor vii. 88 In the ample chimney..half-a-dozen whole sheep..to the guidman of the house, as he sat with his pipe beneath their comely carcases, afforded great comfort in assurance of plenty against the coming winter. 1917 R. H. Stoddard in J. W. Cunliffe & A. H. Thorndike World's Best Lit. V. 2834 What with the guidman, the guidwife, and the bonny bairns, there was not much spare room in the little clay biggin at Alloway. 1995 A. Duncan Hebridean Island 48 There was always a low chair for the guidwife, or mistress, at one end of the hearth..and another for the guidman, or master, at the end next the door. 2002 R. Jordan From Two Rivers (new ed.) i. 7 The goodman of the house clambered about, checking the thatch to see if the winter's damage meant calling on..the thatcher. †b. The manager or head of an establishment, as the host of an inn, the keeper of a prison, etc. Cf. goodwife n. 1a. Obsolete (Scottish in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > keeper of eating-house > [noun] hostc1290 taverner1340 hosteler1350 cookc1390 ostlera1400 goodman1430 innkeeperc1449 hosterc1503 hostler?a1505 tabler1569 tavern-keeper1611 ordinary keeper1644 cantinier1721 landlord1724 traiteur1751 tavern-man1755 restaurateur1793 restorator1796 restauranteur1837 restauranter1863 society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prisoner > [noun] > jailer jailerc1290 prisonera1325 officer?1387 claviculer1447 javeler?c1450 key turner1606 baston1607 twistkey1617 prison keeper1623 detainer1647 prison officer1649 turnkey1655 imprisoner1656 phylacist1656 cipier1671 wardsman1683 goodman1698 prison guard1722 screw1812 dungeoner1817 dubsman1839 cell-keeper1841 prison warder1854 warder1855 dubs1882 twirl1891 hack1914 correction officer1940 1430 in B. Kjerrström Stud. Lang. London Chron. (1946) App. 309 The Godeman atte the cok a ȝens the lytell Condit in Chepe. 1463–4 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 247 (MED) Item, to the goodman of Cardenallys Hat, for horsemet the same day, vij s. vj d. 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 7 Thys yere the goodman at the Cooke in Cheppe..was morderd in hys bede by nyght. 1663 Forbes Baron Court Bk. in Publ. Sc. Hist. Soc. (1919) 2nd Ser. 19 242 Ye bailzie ordaines the guidmans of saidis millis that they..sall not bink yair shilling nor brok yair stuff. 1698 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1872) II. 324 Ane sufficient and trustie man to be keeper of the prison, as other burghs have, who are designed Goodman of the Tolbouth. 1722 R. Wodrow Hist. Sufferings Church of Scotl. II. 636 The Goodman (Jaylor) of the Tolbooth came to him in his Chamber. 1796 J. Lauderdale Coll. Poems Sc. Dial. 62 They offer for to bell the cat Wi' our gude-man. 1838 A. Rodger Poems & Songs 52 The soncy gudeman o' the Herald. 3. A man of wealth or social standing who is not a member of the gentry or aristocracy, as a master in a craft or guild, a burgess, a yeoman, etc. Chiefly historical after 17th cent. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [noun] > yeoman yeomana1387 goodman1389 estatesman1810 greycoat1866 1389 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 58 (MED) Þis broþerhed was bi-gonnen in london of godemen of Colman-stret. c1436 Domesday Ipswich (BL Add. 25011) in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1873) II. 151 (MED) Thanne be he by the ballives and the goodemen [Fr. les bons gentz] of the toun for-iuged of his fraunchise. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1708 (MED) With that cam in the goodman, with contenaunce disgisid. 1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) I. ii. v. 137 [The yeomen] be not called masters and gentlemen, but goodmen, as goodman Smith [etc.]. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) i. 16 He is called a Good Man in common Discourse, who is not Dignified with Gentilitie. 1826 J. Banim Boyne Water II. xi. 328 Horses, cats, and rats will be eaten up;..then must we needs fall foul of each other; and your goodmen fat fellows, especially your aldermen, shall first draw lot, by the rood! 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 496 There went that morn a goodman of the dale..His herdsman with him. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (1875) I. xi. 424 The aldermen and brethren constituted the guild, and the reeve and good-men the magistracy of the township. 2005 A. F. Sutton Mercery of London iii. 65 Apprentices were still recorded under the name of their ward, and their periods of service were witnessed by their master or by the testimony of the goodmen of the ward. 4. As a title of courtesy or respect. Frequently with capital initial. Cf. goodwife n. 1a. †a. Prefixed to an occupational title. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > title > for a man > used with profession sirec1290 sir1297 mastera1470 goodman1484 goody1582 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope iii. f. cxxiii^v Hit befelle somtyme that a good man labourer [Fr. ung bon homme laboureur] wente fro lyf to deth. 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. D^v In my time he was counted but goodman Tailor, now he is growne since veluet breeches came in, to be called a marchant or Gentleman Marchant Tailor. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 14 Nay, but heare you good man deluer. View more context for this quotation 1638 J. Ford Fancies i. 5 To their painted Arras for a need [sic] From Goodman usher, or the formall Secretary. b. Prefixed to the name of a person below the rank of gentleman, as a yeoman, a farmer, or (more widely) any householder. Cf. senses 2a, 3. archaic or historical after 18th cent. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific ranks of common people > [adjective] > that is a yeoman goodman1560 yeomanly1576 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous forms of address or title > [noun] > title > for a man Mra1449 goodman1560 gaffer1575 mister1722 bro1832 bra1880 1560 T. Churchyard Contention betwyxte Churchyeard & Camell sig. E.i^v Good man Gefferay Chappell, of whipstable. 1583 Sir T. Smith's De Republica Anglorum i. xxiii. 30 These [Yeomen] be not called masters, for that (as I saide) pertaineth to gentlemen onely: But to their surnames, men adde goodman: as..goodman White,..goodman Browne, amongest their neighbours, I meane not in matters of importance or in lawe. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. ii. 36 Dictisima goodman Dull, dictisima goodman Dull. View more context for this quotation 1618 in C. Kerry Hist. Church of St. Lawrence, Reading (1883) 87 Itm. p^d. to goodman Knight for casting of the 4 bell, 6l. 10s. a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 44 In that howse lived goodman Akam to whome this close belonged. 1671 in W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. (1887) 65 To Goodman Davis in his sicknes..0 0 6. 1702 London Gaz. No. 3858/4 A Watch..was dropt the 14th past near Goodman Peacock's Farm. 1714 J. Gay Shepherd's Week i. 10 The sun-beams bright..gild the thatch of Goodman Hodges' barn. 1872 R. W. Buchanan St. Abe & his Seven Wives ii. v. 111 As each Saint sank unsinew'd, In his arm-chair he continued: ‘Goodman Jones’ [etc.]. 1910 W. Raymond Eng. Country Life (1911) xxix. 359 Goodman Rudd was something of an ‘afternoon farmer’, as folk said. 1958 D. S. Daniell Hunt Royal (1962) ii. 21 ‘Lead on, goodman Yates,’ said the King, ‘and set a good pace.’ c. humorous or ironic. As a mock title for someone deemed unworthy of respect. See also goodman two-shoes n. at Compounds. ΚΠ 1564 T. Becon Displayeng Popishe Masse f. 47^v, in Wks. iii Ye praye for..the soules of good man Rynsepytcher and good wyfe Pyntepot. c1626 Dick of Devonshire (1955) 1293 Pray (goodman rascall) how long have he & you bene Brothers? 1692 J. Washington tr. J. Milton Def. People Eng. xii Now I come to you again, Good-man Goosecap, who scribble so finely. 1769 H. Walpole Let. 14 June in Corr. (1937) I. 164 I am very sorry for the fever you have had; but Goodman Frog, if you will live in the fens, do you expect to be as healthy as if you were a fat Dominican at Naples? 1840 F. M. Trollope Life & Adventures Michael Armstrong xvii. 179 But wait a bit, Goodman Goose, and you'll find out perhaps, as all is not gold as glitters. a1881 S. Lanier in Independent (1884) 21 Aug. 1/1 O marriage-bells! your clamor tells Two weddings in one breath. She marries whom her love compels, And I wed Goodman Death! 1961 M. St. Clare Byrne Elizabethan Life in Town & Country (rev. ed.) viii. 144 Very important in his own eyes, though perhaps rather less so in other people's, was the village constable, Dogberry or Goodman Dull. 5. A woman's husband. Usually with possessive pronoun. Cf. goodwife n. 3. Now Scottish.Some earlier examples of sense 2a refer to the head of the household specifically as a husband (see, e.g., quots. a1400², a1450). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married man > [noun] > husband churla800 lordeOE werec893 husbanda1275 mana1325 masterc1325 sovereign1390 maritea1398 husbandman?a1439 goodman?1507 baron1595 spouse1604 husband of one's bosom1611 old man1673 hubby1682 sposo1741 hub1809 master-man1825 pot and pan1900 mister1931 DH1993 ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 47 I wald a tender peronall that..had my gud man [printed in original man gud my] to hir gest. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. vii. 7 To Vulcanus, hir husband and gudeman, Within his golden chalmer sche began Thus for to speik. a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. xiiii. sig. H.vi She saide it in sporte to make her good man laughe. 1593 Tell-Trothes New-yeares Gift (1876) 37 Why is the husband called his wives good-manne? 1609 S. Rowlands Whole Crew Kind Gossips 20 Little our goodmen knowes what their wiues thinkes. 1649 in J. Campbell Balmerino (1899) 386 Margaret Boyd..declares that hir goodman..went to deathe with it, that Elspeth Seith and other two did ryde him to deathe. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 54 A Wife knows enough, who knows the good Man's Breeks from Weilycoat. 1762 Gentleman's Mag. (1806) June 288/1 Buss'd with a smack her nown good man. 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality viii, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 158 ‘It's my good-man, sir,’ said the young woman, with a smile of welcome. 1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh iii. 130 One was tender for her dear goodman. 1892 H. C. O'Neill Devonshire Idyls 4 When she first came there as bride, with a ‘good man’ of her own. 1934 ‘L. G. Gibbon’ Grey Granite ii. 130 An eident wife with a big shopping bag buying up sixpenny tins of plums and her goodman standing beside her. a1978 A. S. Borrowman Buik o Ruth & Ither Wark in Lallans (1979) (Ruth i. 3) 13 Naomi's guidman deed, and she was leeft wi her twa sons. 2000 D. Kerr Puckle Poems 11 Ma guid man but, this mornin, gied me fair warnin. 2021 R. Macgregor in Lallans 99 59 Ah leve ma seeck guidman..Tae care fir ma dochter. 6. Scottish. The owner or tenant of a property, typically a small estate or farm. Usually with of and the name of the estate or farm. Now historical and rare.A goodman ranked below a laird, and corresponded approximately to a yeoman in England and a duniwassal in the Highlands. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > owner > landowner > small landowner yeomana1387 portioner1476 goodman1540 esquire1600 little man1787 statesman1787 1540 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 113 Scho had coft ye auld calfroun fra ye gudman of edschaw. 1592 in W. Hunter Biggar & House of Fleming (1862) xxiv. 298 John and Adam Tweedie, Sons to the Guidman of Dreva. a1605 R. Birrel Diarey 61 in J. G. Dalyell Fragm. of Scotish Hist. (1798) Robert Weir broken on ane cart wheel..for murdering of the guidman of Warriston. c1610 J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1683) 122 Alexander Hume of Manderstoun, Coildinknows, and the Good man of North Berwick. 1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 29 Dec. (1855) 143 The gudeman of Erlistone, James Tailfeir of Haircleugh [etc.]. 1657 Speech Fife Laird in J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems (1706) i. 28 When I was born..There was no word of Laird or Knight: The greatest Stiles of Honour then, Was to be titl'd the Good-man. But changing Time..puts a Laird in th' Good-man's place. 1714 G. Lockhart Mem. Affairs Scotl. 101 A Petty little Family in the Shire of Air, the Representatives of which, until his Father's time never designed the Laird, but always the Goodman of Kelburn. 1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire xi. 257 James V. who often travelled through the country in disguise..used, when asked who he was, to call himself the Good-man of Ballochgeich. 1801 J. Thomson Poems Sc. Dial. 83 We ca'd our master ay Gudeman, Nae ither name got tenants than. 1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. xi. 232 The rental-book..open at the place where it bore evidence against the Goodman of Primrose-Knowe, as behind the hand with his mails and duties. 1891 Sc. Antiquary 5 173 The goodman of Wastness was well-to-do, had his farm well stocked, and was a good-looking and well-favoured man. 1913 J. Allardyce Byegone Days 67 Under the guidman of a large farm were a number of sub-tenants. 7. Scottish. euphemistic. a. The devil. In later use frequently in the auld goodman. Now archaic and historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun] devileOE Beelzebubc950 the foul ghosteOE SatanOE warlockOE SatanasOE worsea1200 unwinea1225 wondc1250 quedea1275 pucka1300 serpenta1300 dragon1340 shrew1362 Apollyon1382 the god of this worldc1384 Mahoundc1400 leviathan1412 worsta1425 old enemyc1449 Ruffin1567 dismal1570 Plotcocka1578 the Wicked One1582 goodman1603 Mahu1603 foul thief1609 somebody1609 legiona1616 Lord of Flies1622 walliman1629 shaitan1638 Old Nicka1643 Nick1647 unsel?1675 old gentleman1681 old boy1692 the gentleman in black1693 deuce1694 Black Spy1699 the vicious one1713 worricow1719 Old Roger1725 Lord of the Flies1727 Simmie1728 Old Scratch1734 Old Harry1777 Old Poker1784 Auld Hornie1786 old (auld), ill thief1789 old one1790 little-good1821 Tom Walker1833 bogy1840 diabolarch1845 Old Ned1859 iniquity1899 1603 in S. Ree Rec. Elgin (1908) II. 114 The said Robert delatis the tennentis of Glakmarres to haue left a peice land to the gudmane (deuill) for the noltis caus. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Midlothian I. iv. 72 She'll hae had some quarrel wi' her auld gudeman—that's Satan, ye ken, sirs. 1828 W. Nicholson Tales in Verse (ed. 2) 124 E'en the auld gudeman himsel did sweat, To look at Aiken-drum. 1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 111 The Goodman will catch you in his net. 1929 J. M. McPherson Primitive Beliefs N.E. Scotl. 135 In the North-East of Scotland, so numerous were the fields dedicated to the ‘Auld Goodman’ that the Church resolved to apply to Parliament for an Act to deal with the owners of these uncultivated lands. b. In the genitive: designating an area of farmland left uncultivated and ungrazed, and dedicated to the devil in order to protect the rest of the farm against disease, failure, etc. Now historical. ΚΠ 1650 in W. Cramond Church of Rathven (1885) 20 It was demandit if ther wer..heir..any plot of land unlabored, dedicat to the dewill, called the gudman's croft. 1779 H. Arnot Hist. Edinb. i. ii. 80 Farmers left a part of their lands perpetually untilled..this spot was dedicated to the Devil, and called the Goodman's croft. c1780 in J. M. McPherson Primitive Beliefs N.E. Scotl. (1929) 141 The Goodman's Faul. 1856 G. Henderson Pop. Rhymes Berwick 111 Bonny's the sod o' the Goodman's taft. 1895 R. Ford Tayside Songs 118 A howl gaed up frae the ‘gudeman's craft’, An' a wail frae the Witches' knowe. 1919 M. Maclean From Croft & Clachan 11 Fivescore witches sailing aloft Headed their steeds for the Goodman's Croft. 1945 Scots Mag. Sept. 468 Only a couple of centuries later was the last Guidman's Croft invaded by the plough, and then to the accompaniment of much heart-searching and a good deal of ritual designed to avert the wrath of its supernatural occupants. 2009 R. Guiley Encycl. Demons & Demonol. 96/2 Wishert was seen in his Goodman's Ground [in 1596], naked from the waist down, bending over to kiss the Devil's anus. †8. U.S. = arbitrator n. 1. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > [noun] > settling quarrels or disputes > arbitration > arbitrator noumperec1350 umpire?c1400 arbitrator1426 mid-man1459 wardsman1482 appointer1523 daysman1530 arbiter1548 moderator1556 oddsman1571 compromitter1579 compromiser1598 compromittee1602 umpirer1650 goodman1836 honest broker1878 leopard-skin chief1933 leopard-skin priest1951 1836 D. B. Edward Hist. Texas vii. 161 They shall adopt for a definite resolution the opinion most favourable to the defendant between the Alcaldes and the good-man of the plaintiff. Compounds † goodman two-shoes n. somewhat depreciative Obsolete a title for, or form of address to, a man, suggesting that he is of lower social status or has the manners, taste, or opinions supposedly typical of the lower classes; cf. goody-two-shoes n. 1. ΚΠ 1673 J. Eachard Some Opinions Mr Hobbs Considered 12 What's that to you Goodman-two-shoes: am I bound to acquaint you with all that I can do? ?c1690 Answer to Clemens Alexandrinus's Serm. (single sheet) You Goodman Two shoes, and you Gammer Two shoes,..and you Goody Gurton, that have lain in Straw ever since your Bed was taken away for Plunder in the Civil Wars, let me tell ye, you are poor stupid Wretches. Derivatives † goodmanlike adj. Scottish Obsolete befitting or characteristic of a husband (cf. sense 5). ΚΠ 1823 J. Galt Entail I. xxxv. 306 It's your wife, my lad..ye'll surely never refuse to carry her head in a gudemanlike manner to the kirk-yard. † goodmanship n. Scottish Obsolete an estate, farm, etc., held by a goodman (sense 6). ΚΠ 1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad II. ii. 182 When lands were held of any of the great families, they were but a gudemanship. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2014; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.OE
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