单词 | architecture |
释义 | architecturen. 1. The art or science of building or constructing edifices of any kind for human use.Regarded in this wide application, architecture is divided into civil, ecclesiastical, naval, military, which deal respectively with houses and other buildings (such as bridges) of ordinary utility, churches, ships, fortification. But architecture is sometimes regarded solely as a fine art, and then has the narrower meaning explained in quots. 1849, a1878 below. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [noun] > art or science of architecture1563 construction1842 tectonics1850 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > [noun] architecture1563 architectonic1850 1563 Shute (title) The first and chief Grounds of Architecture vsed in all the auncient and famous monyments. 1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints i. f. 9 Architecture, that is to say, the scyence of building. 1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful ii. §17. 63 The management of light is a matter of importance in architecture. 1800 J. Charnock (title) History of Marine Architecture. 1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. i. 7 Architecture is the art which so disposes and adorns the edifices raised by man..that the sight of them contribute to his mental health, power, and pleasure. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) II. 292 Architecture, as distinguished from mere building, is the decoration of construction. 2. The action or process of building. archaic. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [noun] bigginga1325 rearinga1325 buildingc1394 edifying1432 upbringing1484 rising?a1500 upmaking1513 upbigging1525 edification1549 erecting1553 structure1604 erection1614 compilementa1639 architecture1646 exstruction1652 built1654 edifice1663 fabric1730 upbuilding1732 builth1805 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 381 [If] the great Cities Anchiale and Tarsus were built..both in one day.. Certainely, it was the greatest Architecture of one day, since that great one of sixe. View more context for this quotation 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. i. 24 Carriages and Leavers and Scaffolds are [necessary] in Architecture. 3. concrete. Architectural work; structure, building. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > [noun] > architectural work architecture1611 1611 C. Tourneur Atheist's Trag. (new ed.) v. sig. K3 On these two pillars stood the stately frame, and architecture of my loftie house. 1759 S. Johnson Prince of Abissinia II. xxix. 32 The ruins of their architecture are the schools of modern builders. 1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. v. 291 Architecture, especially if it be of stone. 4. The special method or ‘style’ in accordance with which the details of the structure and ornamentation of a building are arranged. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [noun] architecturea1701 style1777 Populuxe1986 a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 133 The adjectitious buildings are of no mean Architecture. 1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice II. vi. 154 Many other architectures besides Gothic. 1883 Rideing in Harper's Mag. July 180/1 The Queen Anne architecture of the day. 5. transferred or figurative. Construction or structure generally; both abstract and concrete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [noun] > construction building1297 performinga1425 facturec1425 constructionc1440 construingc1440 making-upa1525 compoundingc1529 composition1555 frame1558 compacting1561 composing1574 architecture1590 composure1609 fabric1611 compiling1624 compagination1646 confection1652 composal1700 constitutinga1713 constructure1712 constructing1788 confecting1863 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > [noun] shapec1050 composition1382 temperc1400 confectionc1420 temperament1471 frame?1520 compage1550 architecture1590 compacture1590 structure?1591 fabricaturec1600 constitution1601 membrature1606 composture1614 compositure1625 contexturea1639 composure1639 economy1644 fabric1644 conformation1646 composier1648 constructurea1652 compages1660 mechanism1662 compound1671 construction1707 componency1750 formation1774 make-up1821 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. ii. vii The wondrous architecture of the world. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 50 Hieroglyphicall Emblems..made ready, and squared for the architecture of this discourse. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 391 Millions of opaque globes..constitute the moving order of its architecture. 1875 L. H. Grindon Life (new ed.) xxvi. 337 In beautiful and ingenious architecture, the birds, the bees, and the wasps, have been competitors. 1907 F. R. Sabin in Morris & McMurrich Human Anat. (ed. 4) v. 490 (heading) The Architecture of the Heart. 1936 Discovery Nov. 363/1 The architecture of molecules. 1959 D. Cooke Lang. Music i. 1 We speak of the ‘architecture’ of a symphony, and call architecture, in its turn, ‘frozen music’. 1962 ‘C. E. Maine’ Darkest of Nights ii. 32 He's our protein chemistry expert and he knows a great deal about the architecture of the Hueste virus. 6. Computing. The conceptual structure and overall logical organization of a computer or computer-based system from the point of view of its use or design; a particular realization of this. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > [noun] > systems design or analysis > structure architecture1962 pipelining1965 platform1987 1962 F. Brooks in W. Buchholz Planning Computer Syst. ii. 5 Computer architecture, like other architecture, is the art of determining the needs of the user..and then designing to meet those needs as effectively as possible. 1964 IBM Jrnl. Res. & Devel. 8 87 (heading) Architecture of the IBM System/360. 1964 IBM Jrnl. Res. & Devel. 8 87 The term architecture is used here to describe the attributes of a system as seen by the programmer, i.e., the conceptual structure and functional behavior, as distinct from the organization of the data flow and controls, the logical design, and the physical implementation. 1967 H. Hellerman Digital Computer Syst. Princ. viii. 328 A most important factor in machine architecture is the recognition of the increasingly important role of the high-level languages as the principal medium of user-system interaction. 1975 Sci. Amer. May 35/1 One architecture may emphasize facility of arithmetic operations and another may stress convenience of input and output operations. 1979 G. D. Kraft & W. N. Toy Mini/Microcomputer Hardware Design iii. 121 In the most widely used minicomputer architecture, the CPU communicates with main memory over a high-speed store bus; all program-controlled operations involving external devices are required to take place over a separate I/O bus. 1981 I. Flores Data Base Archit. i. 22 All three data base architectures have implementations which compete on the marketplace. 1984 Freetime Autumn 51/2 (advt.) Fast, powerful 32-bit architecture: allows windowing..and multi-tasking. 1985 Which Computer? Apr. 20 (advt.) Because of its multi-processor architecture, its performance doesn't deteriorate as more users are added. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). architecturev. rare. To design as architect. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > make architectural [verb (transitive)] > design architect1818 architecture1838 1838 Keats's Fingal's Cave in Staffa in Plymouth & Devonport Weekly Jrnl. 20 Sept. 4/1 This was architectured thus By the great Oceanus! 1893 Strand Mag. 6 268/1 The house..was architectured by John Belcher from plans by its owner. 1939 W. H. Auden & C. Isherwood Journey to War 120 The slope has been architectured into terraces. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1563v.1838 |
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