abbessn.

Brit.

/aˈbɛs/,

/ˈabᵻs/, U.S.

/ˈæbəs/

Forms: Middle English abbas, Middle English abbes, Middle English abbese, Middle English abes, Middle English–1500s abbace, Middle English–1600s abbasse, Middle English–1700s abbesse, 1500s– abbess, 1600s abbeyse. N.E.D. (1884) also records a form Middle English abbeys.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French abbesse.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman abbes, abbasse, Anglo-Norman and Old French abesse, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French abbesse female superior of an abbey (late 12th cent. in Old French as abeësse), woman in charge of a brothel (1451 or earlier) < post-classical Latin abbatissa female superior of an abbey (6th cent.), woman in charge of a brothel (from 1400) < abbat- , abbas abbot n. + -issa -ess suffix¹. Compare earlier abbotess n.With sense 2 compare also earlier use of nun n.¹ in the sense ‘prostitute’ (compare nun n.¹ 2). Compare Old Occitan abadesa , badesa (Occitan abadesso , badesso ), Catalan abadessa (1284), Spanish abadesa (1159), Portuguese abadessa (13th cent.; 1262 as abbatesa ), Italian badessa (1255–90; a1294 as †abadessa ). The Romance forms with loss of initial a- show metanalysis in uses of the noun with the definite article (compare e.g. Italian la badessa from earlier †l'abadessa ). Compare also Middle Dutch abbedesse , abedesse , abdisse (Dutch abdis , abdisse ), Middle Low German abbadisse , Old High German abbatissa , abatissa , abbetesse (Middle High German eppetisse , (with suffix -in : see -ine suffix³) ebtissinne, abtassinne, abtessin, German Äbtissin), Old Icelandic abbadís (Icelandic abbadís, †abbatissa), Norwegian abbedisse, abbetisse, Old Swedish abbatissa, abbadissa (Swedish abbedissa), Old Danish abbatisse, abadisse (Danish abbedisse). Attested earlier in the place name Abessesdune, Isle of Wight (late 13th cent.; also le Abbedessedon (1335); now Apesdown).

1. A woman who is the head or superior of an abbey of nuns or (formerly) of a double abbey of nuns and monks. Also as a title. Cf. Mother Superior at mother n.¹ 3a.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious superior > abbess > [noun]

abbotesseOE

mothereOE

dame?c1225

abbessc1300

matriarch1606

maternity1693

domina1751

c1300 St. Edward Elder (Laud) l. 193 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 52 (MED) Go..to Schafteburi to þe Abbesse of þe house.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 7624 Cecile het þat on Þe eldoste, þat was at Cam nonne & abbesse.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 1849 His wif..that was Abbesse there, Unto his tale hath leid hire Ere.

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 6350 Somtyme am I Prioresse And now a nonne and now Abbesse.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 618 Bot Radgunde was first sacryd abbas þere.

a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 96 (MED) I rede of an abbas þat was a clene woman of hyr body as for dede of lechery.

1513 Lyfe of St. Werburge 78 And dyd electe to them an other abbace.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) v. i. 167 Go some of you, knocke at the Abbey gate, And bid the Lady Abbesse come to me.

1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens xxxix. 181 She repaired to the Monastery in Scotland, where Ebba her husbands Aunt was then Abbesse.

1740 N. Salmon Hist. & Antiq. Essex 2/1 A licence granted to the Abbess of Barking.

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. IV. 368 The abbess is also still stiled..a princess and prelatess of the holy Roman Empire.

1808 W. Scott Marmion ii. iii. 80 The Abbess..early took the veil and hood, Ere upon life she cast a look, Or knew the world that she forsook.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Guinevere in Idylls of King 261 And likewise for the high rank she had borne, Was chosen Abbess.

1917 Jrnl. Soc. Compar. Legislation 17 188 Often it fell to the cellarer, also a monk, to go round the manors and hold the courts. But this was impossible for an abbess or cellaress.

1948 Speculum 23 579 The convert appears before the abbess at the beginning of her novitial year, and makes a formal prostration.

1996 P. Ranft Women & Relig. Life in Premodern Europe ii. 24 In England the abbess ruled the men and women in all the known double monasteries.

2. colloquial. A woman in charge of a brothel; a madam. Cf. nun n.¹ 2. More fully lady abbess, mother abbess. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > pimping or procuring > procurer of either sex > procuress

butcheressa1475

stew1552

bawdress1569

brokeress1582

pander1585

abbess1594

aunt1604

panderess1604

hackney womanc1616

bronstrops1617

procuress1638

provincialc1640

fruit-woman1673

flesh-broker1699

broker-woman1723

commode1725

coupleress1864

hack1864

procureuse1930

1594 Gesta Grayorum (1914) 12 Lucy Negro, Abbess de Clerkenwell, holdeth the Nunnery of Clerkenwell,..of the Prince of Purpoole by Night-Service in Cauda.

1693 R. Ames Folly of Love (ed. 2) 13 Let's leave her, who to Lewdness sets no bounds, The Lady Abbess of the Fleetstreet Nuns.

1704 Poems on Affairs of State III. 229 For Lady Abbess shall appear, An old flux'd Bawd or Punk, Has whor'd and bug—d threescore year, Talk'd Bawdy, and been drunk.

1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure I. 63 Who should come in but the venerable mother Abbess herself! handed in by a tall, brawny, young horse-grenadier.

1770 S. Foote Lame Lover i. 12 An abbess, well known about town, with a smart little nun in her suite.

1793 ‘P. Pindar’ Poet. Epist. to Pope 33 So an old Abbess for the rattling Rakes, A tempting dish of human nature makes.

1837 W. Kidd London & its Dangers 36 The Infernal wretches, who traffic in the souls and bodies of their helpless victims, are called—Lady Abbesses.

1910 Amer. Jrnl. Dermatol. June 298/2 No youth should have admittance to the wenches without leave of the Abbess.

2004 S. Bednarski in M. Crane et al. Shell Games v. 138 The married town baker was charged with having sex in public with the abbess or madam of the public brothel.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	abbess
释义	abbessn. Brit. /aˈbɛs/, /ˈabᵻs/, U.S. /ˈæbəs/ Forms: Middle English abbas, Middle English abbes, Middle English abbese, Middle English abes, Middle English–1500s abbace, Middle English–1600s abbasse, Middle English–1700s abbesse, 1500s– abbess, 1600s abbeyse. N.E.D. (1884) also records a form Middle English abbeys. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French abbesse. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman abbes, abbasse, Anglo-Norman and Old French abesse, Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French abbesse female superior of an abbey (late 12th cent. in Old French as abeësse), woman in charge of a brothel (1451 or earlier) < post-classical Latin abbatissa female superior of an abbey (6th cent.), woman in charge of a brothel (from 1400) < abbat- , abbas abbot n. + -issa -ess suffix¹. Compare earlier abbotess n.With sense 2 compare also earlier use of nun n.¹ in the sense ‘prostitute’ (compare nun n.¹ 2). Compare Old Occitan abadesa , badesa (Occitan abadesso , badesso ), Catalan abadessa (1284), Spanish abadesa (1159), Portuguese abadessa (13th cent.; 1262 as abbatesa ), Italian badessa (1255–90; a1294 as †abadessa ). The Romance forms with loss of initial a- show metanalysis in uses of the noun with the definite article (compare e.g. Italian la badessa from earlier †l'abadessa ). Compare also Middle Dutch abbedesse , abedesse , abdisse (Dutch abdis , abdisse ), Middle Low German abbadisse , Old High German abbatissa , abatissa , abbetesse (Middle High German eppetisse , (with suffix -in : see -ine suffix³) ebtissinne, abtassinne, abtessin, German Äbtissin), Old Icelandic abbadís (Icelandic abbadís, †abbatissa), Norwegian abbedisse, abbetisse, Old Swedish abbatissa, abbadissa (Swedish abbedissa), Old Danish abbatisse, abadisse (Danish abbedisse). Attested earlier in the place name Abessesdune, Isle of Wight (late 13th cent.; also le Abbedessedon (1335); now Apesdown). 1. A woman who is the head or superior of an abbey of nuns or (formerly) of a double abbey of nuns and monks. Also as a title. Cf. Mother Superior at mother n.¹ 3a. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious superior > abbess > [noun] abbotesseOE mothereOE dame?c1225 abbessc1300 matriarch1606 maternity1693 domina1751 c1300 St. Edward Elder (Laud) l. 193 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 52 (MED) Go..to Schafteburi to þe Abbesse of þe house. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 7624 Cecile het þat on Þe eldoste, þat was at Cam nonne & abbesse. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. l. 1849 His wif..that was Abbesse there, Unto his tale hath leid hire Ere. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 6350 Somtyme am I Prioresse And now a nonne and now Abbesse. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 618 Bot Radgunde was first sacryd abbas þere. a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 96 (MED) I rede of an abbas þat was a clene woman of hyr body as for dede of lechery. 1513 Lyfe of St. Werburge 78 And dyd electe to them an other abbace. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) v. i. 167 Go some of you, knocke at the Abbey gate, And bid the Lady Abbesse come to me. View more context for this quotation 1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens xxxix. 181 She repaired to the Monastery in Scotland, where Ebba her husbands Aunt was then Abbesse. 1740 N. Salmon Hist. & Antiq. Essex 2/1 A licence granted to the Abbess of Barking. 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. IV. 368 The abbess is also still stiled..a princess and prelatess of the holy Roman Empire. 1808 W. Scott Marmion ii. iii. 80 The Abbess..early took the veil and hood, Ere upon life she cast a look, Or knew the world that she forsook. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Guinevere in Idylls of King 261 And likewise for the high rank she had borne, Was chosen Abbess. 1917 Jrnl. Soc. Compar. Legislation 17 188 Often it fell to the cellarer, also a monk, to go round the manors and hold the courts. But this was impossible for an abbess or cellaress. 1948 Speculum 23 579 The convert appears before the abbess at the beginning of her novitial year, and makes a formal prostration. 1996 P. Ranft Women & Relig. Life in Premodern Europe ii. 24 In England the abbess ruled the men and women in all the known double monasteries. 2. colloquial. A woman in charge of a brothel; a madam. Cf. nun n.¹ 2. More fully lady abbess, mother abbess. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > pimping or procuring > procurer of either sex > procuress butcheressa1475 stew1552 bawdress1569 brokeress1582 pander1585 abbess1594 aunt1604 panderess1604 hackney womanc1616 bronstrops1617 procuress1638 provincialc1640 fruit-woman1673 flesh-broker1699 broker-woman1723 commode1725 coupleress1864 hack1864 procureuse1930 1594 Gesta Grayorum (1914) 12 Lucy Negro, Abbess de Clerkenwell, holdeth the Nunnery of Clerkenwell,..of the Prince of Purpoole by Night-Service in Cauda. 1693 R. Ames Folly of Love (ed. 2) 13 Let's leave her, who to Lewdness sets no bounds, The Lady Abbess of the Fleetstreet Nuns. 1704 Poems on Affairs of State III. 229 For Lady Abbess shall appear, An old flux'd Bawd or Punk, Has whor'd and bug—d threescore year, Talk'd Bawdy, and been drunk. 1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure I. 63 Who should come in but the venerable mother Abbess herself! handed in by a tall, brawny, young horse-grenadier. 1770 S. Foote Lame Lover i. 12 An abbess, well known about town, with a smart little nun in her suite. 1793 ‘P. Pindar’ Poet. Epist. to Pope 33 So an old Abbess for the rattling Rakes, A tempting dish of human nature makes. 1837 W. Kidd London & its Dangers 36 The Infernal wretches, who traffic in the souls and bodies of their helpless victims, are called—Lady Abbesses. 1910 Amer. Jrnl. Dermatol. June 298/2 No youth should have admittance to the wenches without leave of the Abbess. 2004 S. Bednarski in M. Crane et al. Shell Games v. 138 The married town baker was charged with having sex in public with the abbess or madam of the public brothel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300
随便看	retailour retails retain retain and transfer retainabilities retainability retainable retainableness retainage retainal retainder retaindership retained retained object retained profit retainer retainers retainership retainerships retaining retaining fee retaining wall retainment retainments retains