golemn.

Brit.

/ˈɡəʊləm/, U.S.

/ˈɡoʊləm/

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Golem.

Etymology: < German Golem (1690 or earlier) < post-biblical Hebrew gōlem legendary human figure made of clay, specific use of gōlem shapeless matter (in an isolated attestation in Psalm 139:16, denoting the human embryo as an unfinished creature in God's eyes), later also in the senses ‘uneducated person’ (Mishnah) and ‘anything that is in a state of incompletion’ (Talmud, e.g. Sanhedrin 38b with specific reference to the creation of Adam from dust) < gālam to wrap up, to fold.Compare Yiddish goylem ( < Hebrew).

1. In Jewish legend: a human figure made of clay or mud and brought to life, typically by means of a Hebrew word written on its forehead or placed in its mouth, in order to do the bidding of its creator.In a famous version of the legend, the golem was said to have been created by Rabbi Löw of Prague (d. 1609) in order to protect the city's Jewish population from pogroms. However, the golem began to act independently of its master and so the rabbi returned it to dust.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > fabulous or mythical human > miscellaneous (types of)

walkyrieeOE

woodwosea1100

mugglingc1275

Sciapodes1568

Arimasp1579

acephali1600

hyperborean1601

Arimaspian1667

golem1732

Lorelei1878

menehune1895

the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [noun] > unintentional or involuntary quality > automatic or mechanical quality > person acting with

machina1612

machine1676

golem1732

man-machine1749

robot1923

droid1980

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > types of machine generally > [noun] > automatic > automaton or robot

self-mover1570

self-moving1570

automa1631

automatea1649

android1728

golem1732

automaton1922

robot1927

mechanoid1947

robotic1951

droid1952

bot1969

mecha1986

1732 J. P. Stehelin tr. J. A. Eisenmenger Trad. of Jews I. 132 It teaches likewise a Method for the making a Golem [Ger. Golem]; i. e. a Dumb Man; such a One as was made by the drunken Rabba just mention'd.

1836 G. W. Haven tr. H. Heine Lett. Hist. Mod. Polite Lit. in Germany 167 A Golem, namely a figure of clay, in form and in all her motions exactly resembling a beautiful woman. Upon her forehead..stands, in Hebrew characters, the word ‘Truth’, and when one extinguishes this word the whole figure falls in pieces like worthless clay.

1897 H. Iliowizi In Pale 171 The Baal-Shem smiled when he was told that the official version of the Golem's work proclaimed, that ‘the accident was caused by a red bolt of lightning, which killed the people and destroyed the building’.

1942 B. Berenson Jrnl. 12 Feb. in One Year's Reading (1960) 24 What a belief that the great masses are pails into which you can pour any kind of slop.., and make them act like your golems!

2009 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 16 July 39/1 Rabbi Loew in Prague, who popped his magic shem into the forehead of the Golem in order to bring him to life.

2. figurative. Something likened to a golem, esp. in having acquired a life of its own.

ΚΠ

1879 Churchman 11 Jan. 54/3 All the pretenders are golems, and if we look close at them we shall soon see the word truth fade out, and find that they are nothing more than clay images after all.

1955 National Jewish Post 21 Oct. (Indiana ed.) The very scientists who labored to achieve the splitting of the atom are penitent. They fear that they have created a Golem.

1970 K. Rexroth in D. Nyren et al. Mod. Amer. Lit. (1976) IV. 453 His stories are Golems enough, they have an amazing life of their own for works of man.

2005 G. Critser Generation Rx iv. 224 Physician attitudes, pharmaceutical entrepreneurship, and managed care now conjure a new golem, the invisible, patched-together ‘other’ of the modern examination room.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	golem
释义	golemn. Brit. /ˈɡəʊləm/, U.S. /ˈɡoʊləm/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Golem. Etymology: < German Golem (1690 or earlier) < post-biblical Hebrew gōlem legendary human figure made of clay, specific use of gōlem shapeless matter (in an isolated attestation in Psalm 139:16, denoting the human embryo as an unfinished creature in God's eyes), later also in the senses ‘uneducated person’ (Mishnah) and ‘anything that is in a state of incompletion’ (Talmud, e.g. Sanhedrin 38b with specific reference to the creation of Adam from dust) < gālam to wrap up, to fold.Compare Yiddish goylem ( < Hebrew). 1. In Jewish legend: a human figure made of clay or mud and brought to life, typically by means of a Hebrew word written on its forehead or placed in its mouth, in order to do the bidding of its creator.In a famous version of the legend, the golem was said to have been created by Rabbi Löw of Prague (d. 1609) in order to protect the city's Jewish population from pogroms. However, the golem began to act independently of its master and so the rabbi returned it to dust. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > mythical creature or object > [noun] > fabulous or mythical human > miscellaneous (types of) walkyrieeOE woodwosea1100 mugglingc1275 Sciapodes1568 Arimasp1579 acephali1600 hyperborean1601 Arimaspian1667 golem1732 Lorelei1878 menehune1895 the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [noun] > unintentional or involuntary quality > automatic or mechanical quality > person acting with machina1612 machine1676 golem1732 man-machine1749 robot1923 droid1980 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > types of machine generally > [noun] > automatic > automaton or robot self-mover1570 self-moving1570 automa1631 automatea1649 android1728 golem1732 automaton1922 robot1927 mechanoid1947 robotic1951 droid1952 bot1969 mecha1986 1732 J. P. Stehelin tr. J. A. Eisenmenger Trad. of Jews I. 132 It teaches likewise a Method for the making a Golem [Ger. Golem]; i. e. a Dumb Man; such a One as was made by the drunken Rabba just mention'd. 1836 G. W. Haven tr. H. Heine Lett. Hist. Mod. Polite Lit. in Germany 167 A Golem, namely a figure of clay, in form and in all her motions exactly resembling a beautiful woman. Upon her forehead..stands, in Hebrew characters, the word ‘Truth’, and when one extinguishes this word the whole figure falls in pieces like worthless clay. 1897 H. Iliowizi In Pale 171 The Baal-Shem smiled when he was told that the official version of the Golem's work proclaimed, that ‘the accident was caused by a red bolt of lightning, which killed the people and destroyed the building’. 1942 B. Berenson Jrnl. 12 Feb. in One Year's Reading (1960) 24 What a belief that the great masses are pails into which you can pour any kind of slop.., and make them act like your golems! 2009 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 16 July 39/1 Rabbi Loew in Prague, who popped his magic shem into the forehead of the Golem in order to bring him to life. 2. figurative. Something likened to a golem, esp. in having acquired a life of its own. ΚΠ 1879 Churchman 11 Jan. 54/3 All the pretenders are golems, and if we look close at them we shall soon see the word truth fade out, and find that they are nothing more than clay images after all. 1955 National Jewish Post 21 Oct. (Indiana ed.) The very scientists who labored to achieve the splitting of the atom are penitent. They fear that they have created a Golem. 1970 K. Rexroth in D. Nyren et al. Mod. Amer. Lit. (1976) IV. 453 His stories are Golems enough, they have an amazing life of their own for works of man. 2005 G. Critser Generation Rx iv. 224 Physician attitudes, pharmaceutical entrepreneurship, and managed care now conjure a new golem, the invisible, patched-together ‘other’ of the modern examination room. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1732
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