gratingn.¹

Brit.

/ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈɡreɪdɪŋ/

Etymology: < grate v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

The action of grate v.¹

1. The action of breaking into small particles by rasping or rubbing; also, the product of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [noun] > that which has been ground

pounds1562

stamping1594

rapings1596

rasping1617

grating1725

pounding1872

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 207/2 Gratynge of brede, micacio.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 207/2 Gratynge of gyngure, and oþer lyke, frictura.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Lemon tree Mix some Gratings of Lemon therewith.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxxi. 434 I have to give him a grating of potatoes.

2. The action of rubbing harshly against something; hence, the discordant sound made by this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [noun] > grating or rasping

grating1611

raspa1828

risp1827

gride1830

skirrc1870

rashing1889

rasping1889

1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Grattalice, a grating, a scraping.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §275 The grateing of a Saw when it is sharpned..setteth the Teeth on edge.

1657 W. Morice Coena quasi Κοινὴ Pref. 22 If my stile seeme to be keene and peircing..they have sharpned it by hard grating.

1761 C. Young in Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 847 The grating, that is always to be felt, when the two broken ends of a bone are moved against one another.

1814 Ld. Byron Corsair ii. xiii. 52 He moved his hand—the grating of his chain Too harshly told him that he liv'd again.

1842 F. Trollope Visit to Italy II. xiii. 231 The ear almost fancies it can catch the grating of a Roman chariot wheel.

1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders 122 The grating of the oars of the boat against the sides of the cave.

3. figurative. Irritation, fretting, harassing. (See grate v.¹ 3, 4.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun] > action of annoying or vexing

annoyingc1330

troublingc1340

displeasinga1387

noyance?a1400

irkingc1400

annoyancec1405

noyancy1414

vexing?a1425

annoyment1607

displeasanting1628

ruffling1647

gratinga1716

narking1894

a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) XI. 26 The difficulties, the hard, grating, and afflicting contrariety that it bears to the flesh.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

gratingn.²

Brit.

/ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈɡreɪdɪŋ/

Etymology: < grate n.¹, grate v.² + -ing suffix¹.

1. The action of grate v.² rare.

ΚΠ

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Grillement,..also a grating, or shutting vp with grates.

a. A framework of wooden or metal bars; a piece of crossbarred work; = grate n.¹ 1, 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > fact or condition of being transverse > intersection > [noun] > grating or lattice

latticea1382

trellisa1400

grate1412

trail1485

tresance1510

cradle1561

craticle1657

grillade1727

grating1739

treillage1836

grid1839

gridiron1854

1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 14 The Foundation of every Pier should be laid on a strong Grating of Timber.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms at Egouttoir A grating, or drain, wherein to lay cordage after it is tarred.

1810 Act 50 George III (Public Local & Personal Acts, c. 41) 34 Drains gutters sinks or watercourses, grates or gratings.

1873 Act 36 & 37 Victoria c. 71 §39 Gratings shall be placed..across the head and tail race of mills.

1874 A. Helps Social Pressure (1875) iii. 39 A stench..came up through all the neighbouring gratings.

b. esp. Nautical. The open woodwork cover for the hatchway.

ΚΠ

1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 14 A grating, netting or false decke for your close fights.

1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 43 As many Gratings as can possibly..be placed for causing Lights on the Plan below, as also to give vent to the Smoke of Powder in Time of Service.

1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales II. xxviii. 208 Looking down through the main-hatchway gratings.

1873 Act 36 & 37 Victoria c. 88 Sched. i Hatches with open gratings, instead of the close hatches which are usual in merchant vessels.

c. The perforated plate used for separating large from small ore; also, the process of sorting ore with grates.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for treating ores > [noun] > for separating or sorting ore by size or weight

grate1778

percussion table1839

classificator1856

classifier1856

grating1869

1869 R. B. Smyth Gold Fields Victoria 612 Grating, a piece of thin sheet-iptiveiron, in which about 100 holes..to the square inch are punched. It is fixed in front of the stamper-box.

†3. A scoring or ruling of a surface. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [noun] > making grooves > a groove, channel, or furrow > shallow

scratch1662

grating1678

scoring1688

scratching1860

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > other parts of body of vessel > [noun] > opening in deck > cover of

hatchc1440

grating1678

hood-fend1804

hatch cover1811

1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 71 You will quickly wear the courser grating of the Grind stone off the edge on that side.

4. Optics. An arrangement of parallel wires in a plane, or a surface of glass or polished metal ruled with a series of very close fine parallel lines, designed to produce spectra by diffraction.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments to refract, etc., light > [noun] > diffraction grating

gitter1876

grating1877

1877 G. F. Chambers Handbk. Descr. Astron. (ed. 3) x. iii. 847 A diffraction grating, that is, a piece of glass ruled with very fine close lines.

1882 Tait in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 607/2 Let us next consider the effect of a grating, a series of parallel wires placed at small equal intervals, or a piece of glass or of speculum metal on which a series of equidistant parallel lines have been ruled by a diamond point.

1893 R. S. Ball Story of Sun 109 He was able to rule a grating..with as many as 43,000 lines to the inch.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as grating-bar, grating-constant, grating-iron, grating photograph, grating space, grating spectrometer; grating-deck n. (see quot. 1867). grating spectrum n. a diffraction spectrum produced by a grating.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > part of vessel above water > [noun] > deck > movable deck

hatcha1375

grating-deck1867

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 33/2 Without greate paynes we can not fasten theron with the grating iron.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Grating-deck, a light movable deck, similar to the hatch-deck, but with open gratings.

1897 ‘P. Warung’ Tales Old Regime 97 The man who filed away the grating-bars would be first out of the shaft.

1926 R. W. Lawson tr. G. von Hevesy & F. A. Paneth Man. Radioactivity iv. 44 The grating space of a Rowland grating is about 10^–4 cm.

1938 R. W. Lawson tr. G. von Hevesy & F. A. Paneth Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) iv. 49 The ‘grating constant’ is here the distance between two adjacent lattice planes in the crystal.

1941 Nature 24 May 643/2 The spectrum was obtained from a discharge tube of the type described by Pearse and Gaydon, and grating photographs were taken (dispersions 2·6 and 1·9 A./mm.) in the region λλ 6400–4900.

1963 G. Troup Masers & Lasers (ed. 2) viii. 149 The fluorescent light emitted from the ends and from the sides was examined, using a grating spectrometer capable of resolving the R₁ and R₂ lines.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

gratingadj.

Brit.

/ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈɡreɪdɪŋ/

Etymology: < grate v.¹ + -ing suffix².

That grates, in senses of the verb.

1. Abrading, rasping; affecting painfully, as if by abrasion; irritating, fretting, ‘wearing’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adjective] > annoying or vexatious

angeeOE

swinkfuleOE

plightlyOE

teenfulOE

contrariousc1320

drefa1325

troublinga1325

despitousa1340

thornya1340

discomfortablec1350

troublablec1374

noyousa1382

noyfulc1384

diseasy1387

angrya1393

painful1395

hackinga1400

annoying?c1400

annoyousc1400

cumbrousc1400

teenc1400

annoyfulc1405

sputousc1420

diseasefula1425

molest?a1425

noying?a1425

noisomea1450

grievingc1450

tedious?1454

troublous1463

noisantc1475

displeasant1481

strouble1488

nuisant1494

noyanta1500

irksome1513

sturting1513

molestious1524

vexatious1534

cumbersome1535

uncommodious1541

spiteful1548

vexing?1548

incommodious1551

molestous1555

diseasing1558

grating1563

pestilent1565

sturtsome1570

molestuousa1572

troublesome1573

murrain1575

discommodable1579

galling1583

spiny1586

unsupportable1586

troubleful1588

plaguey1594

distressingc1595

molestful1596

molesting1598

vexful1598

fretful1603

briery1604

bemadding1608

mortifying1611

tiry1611

distressfula1616

irking1629

angersome1649

disobliging1652

discomforting1654

incomfortable1655

incommode1672

ruffling1680

unconvenient1683

pestifying1716

trying1718

offending1726

bothering1765

pesky1775

weary1785

sturty1788

unaccommodating1790

tiresome1798

werriting1808

bothersome1817

plaguesome1828

pestilential1833

fretsome1834

languorous1834

pesty1834

pestersome1843

nettlesome1845

miserable1850

niggling1854

distempering1855

be-maddeninga1861

nattery1873

nagging1883

pestiferous1890

trouble-giving1893

maddening1896

molestive1905

nuisancy1906

balls-aching?1912

nuisance1922

nattering1949

noodgy1969

dickheaded1991

dickish1991

cockish1996

the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > irritating

grating1563

irritatorya1656

exasperatinga1665

vellicating1669

vellicative1822

amyctic1853

orticant1939

the world > space > shape > unevenness > [adjective] > rough

unsmeetheOE

sharpc893

rowOE

reofOE

roughOE

unplaina1393

harsha1400

scrofc1400

stourc1400

ruggyc1405

asperous1547

harshy1582

shagged1589

horrid1590

unsmooth1598

gross1606

asperate1623

brute1627

scabbed1630

sleazy1644

rasping1656

scaber1657

asper1681

shaggy1693

gruff1697

grating1766

hackly1794

ruvid1837

scrubby1856

unkind1866

raspy1882

ruckly1923

sandpapery1957

1563 B. Googe Eglogs Epytaphes & Sonettes sig. F.v In Countreye growes, no gratynge grudge.

1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Grattugina, a grating trull.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §44 The grating torture of a disease.

1643 J. Burroughes Expos. Hosea (1652) v. 251 I have a grating conscience within me.

1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 225. ⁋2 A Man is allowed to say the most grating Thing imaginable to another.

1720 D. Waterland Vindic. Christ's Divinity (ed. 3) xv. 222 Those Positions..were too grating upon, and too shocking to every pious Christian at that Time.

1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) VIII. 242 The yoke of obedience and submission always grating to kings.

1766 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 72/2 Its skin was rough, scaly, and grating, like that of a sea-dog or seal.

1803 T. R. Malthus Ess. Princ. Population (new ed.) i. ii. 10 Reduced to the grating necessity of forfeiting his independence.

1859 E. Bulwer-Lytton What will he do with It? (1st Edinb. ed.) I. i. iv. 31 Pride is a garment all stiff brocade outside, all grating sackcloth on the side next to the skin.

1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda III. vi. xlv. 298 This speech was grating to Deronda.

†2. Of persons, their qualities, etc.: Grinding, oppressive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [adjective]

tyrannish1390

oppressinga1475

tyrannica1492

tyranful1533

tyrannicala1538

tyrannous1556

tyranniousc1561

tramplinga1586

suppressing1589

grinding1598

ingrating1599

wringing1620

inquisitory1639

inquisitional1644

oppressive1646

tyrannial1651

grating1653

inquisitorial1796

oppressive1972

1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian Pref. sig. A2^v He severely indites..Tribonianus the Questor of grating avarice.

1673 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 83 In all his Majesties 3 Kingdomes, there lives not a more grating man than S^r Will^m Petty.

3. That makes a grinding or creaking sound, as of two rough bodies grating together; hence, sounding harsh or discordant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [adjective] > grating

grating1718

griding1740

grinding1826

raspish1847

grounding1876

1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. Sept. (1965) I. 439 Their Music at the Opera..was abominable grateing.

1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful i. §2. 4 Suppose..a man..to have his ears wounded with some harsh and grating sound.

1803 J. Leyden Scenes of Infancy i. 67 The Scythed Car on grating axle rings.

1886 H. Caine Son of Hagar i. Prol. The ghastly face answered ill to the grating laugh that followed.

Derivatives

ˈgratingly adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adverb] > in annoying or vexatious manner

noyfully1395

annoyously?c1400

noyously1483

troublously1538

uncommodiously1545

wretchedly1546

irksomely1549

incommodiously1551

troublesomely1591

vexingly1599

cumbersomely1611

vexatiously1642

discomfortably1653

importunely1658

gratingly1683

mortifyingly1748

distressingly1786

gallingly1802

annoyingly1806

peskily1833

pesky1833

tryingly1841

discomfortingly1869

balls-achingly1972

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [adverb] > grating

gratingly1857

raspingly1870

grittily1911

1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 56 The mind is freed from those cares, which would otherwise gratingly afflict it.

1857 Chambers's Jrnl. 7 199 Fiendish laughter, gratingly, piercingly loud.

1873 D. Masson Drummond of Hawthornden vi. 107 It does come a little gratingly in the context of the inter~changed letters.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹c1440

n.²1598

adj.1563

单词	grating
释义	gratingn.¹ Brit. /ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈɡreɪdɪŋ/ Etymology: < grate v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. The action of grate v.¹ 1. The action of breaking into small particles by rasping or rubbing; also, the product of this. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [noun] > that which has been ground pounds1562 stamping1594 rapings1596 rasping1617 grating1725 pounding1872 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 207/2 Gratynge of brede, micacio. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 207/2 Gratynge of gyngure, and oþer lyke, frictura. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Lemon tree Mix some Gratings of Lemon therewith. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xxxi. 434 I have to give him a grating of potatoes. 2. The action of rubbing harshly against something; hence, the discordant sound made by this. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [noun] > grating or rasping grating1611 raspa1828 risp1827 gride1830 skirrc1870 rashing1889 rasping1889 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Grattalice, a grating, a scraping. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §275 The grateing of a Saw when it is sharpned..setteth the Teeth on edge. 1657 W. Morice Coena quasi Κοινὴ Pref. 22 If my stile seeme to be keene and peircing..they have sharpned it by hard grating. 1761 C. Young in Philos. Trans. 1760 (Royal Soc.) 51 847 The grating, that is always to be felt, when the two broken ends of a bone are moved against one another. 1814 Ld. Byron Corsair ii. xiii. 52 He moved his hand—the grating of his chain Too harshly told him that he liv'd again. 1842 F. Trollope Visit to Italy II. xiii. 231 The ear almost fancies it can catch the grating of a Roman chariot wheel. 1894 S. R. Crockett Raiders 122 The grating of the oars of the boat against the sides of the cave. 3. figurative. Irritation, fretting, harassing. (See grate v.¹ 3, 4.) ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun] > action of annoying or vexing annoyingc1330 troublingc1340 displeasinga1387 noyance?a1400 irkingc1400 annoyancec1405 noyancy1414 vexing?a1425 annoyment1607 displeasanting1628 ruffling1647 gratinga1716 narking1894 a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) XI. 26 The difficulties, the hard, grating, and afflicting contrariety that it bears to the flesh. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). gratingn.² Brit. /ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈɡreɪdɪŋ/ Etymology: < grate n.¹, grate v.² + -ing suffix¹. 1. The action of grate v.² rare. ΚΠ 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Grillement,..also a grating, or shutting vp with grates. 2. a. A framework of wooden or metal bars; a piece of crossbarred work; = grate n.¹ 1, 2. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > fact or condition of being transverse > intersection > [noun] > grating or lattice latticea1382 trellisa1400 grate1412 trail1485 tresance1510 cradle1561 craticle1657 grillade1727 grating1739 treillage1836 grid1839 gridiron1854 1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 14 The Foundation of every Pier should be laid on a strong Grating of Timber. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms at Egouttoir A grating, or drain, wherein to lay cordage after it is tarred. 1810 Act 50 George III (Public Local & Personal Acts, c. 41) 34 Drains gutters sinks or watercourses, grates or gratings. 1873 Act 36 & 37 Victoria c. 71 §39 Gratings shall be placed..across the head and tail race of mills. 1874 A. Helps Social Pressure (1875) iii. 39 A stench..came up through all the neighbouring gratings. b. esp. Nautical. The open woodwork cover for the hatchway. ΚΠ 1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 14 A grating, netting or false decke for your close fights. 1711 W. Sutherland Ship-builders Assistant 43 As many Gratings as can possibly..be placed for causing Lights on the Plan below, as also to give vent to the Smoke of Powder in Time of Service. 1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales II. xxviii. 208 Looking down through the main-hatchway gratings. 1873 Act 36 & 37 Victoria c. 88 Sched. i Hatches with open gratings, instead of the close hatches which are usual in merchant vessels. c. The perforated plate used for separating large from small ore; also, the process of sorting ore with grates. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for treating ores > [noun] > for separating or sorting ore by size or weight grate1778 percussion table1839 classificator1856 classifier1856 grating1869 1869 R. B. Smyth Gold Fields Victoria 612 Grating, a piece of thin sheet-iptiveiron, in which about 100 holes..to the square inch are punched. It is fixed in front of the stamper-box. †3. A scoring or ruling of a surface. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [noun] > making grooves > a groove, channel, or furrow > shallow scratch1662 grating1678 scoring1688 scratching1860 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > other parts of body of vessel > [noun] > opening in deck > cover of hatchc1440 grating1678 hood-fend1804 hatch cover1811 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 71 You will quickly wear the courser grating of the Grind stone off the edge on that side. 4. Optics. An arrangement of parallel wires in a plane, or a surface of glass or polished metal ruled with a series of very close fine parallel lines, designed to produce spectra by diffraction. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments to refract, etc., light > [noun] > diffraction grating gitter1876 grating1877 1877 G. F. Chambers Handbk. Descr. Astron. (ed. 3) x. iii. 847 A diffraction grating, that is, a piece of glass ruled with very fine close lines. 1882 Tait in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 607/2 Let us next consider the effect of a grating, a series of parallel wires placed at small equal intervals, or a piece of glass or of speculum metal on which a series of equidistant parallel lines have been ruled by a diamond point. 1893 R. S. Ball Story of Sun 109 He was able to rule a grating..with as many as 43,000 lines to the inch. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as grating-bar, grating-constant, grating-iron, grating photograph, grating space, grating spectrometer; grating-deck n. (see quot. 1867). grating spectrum n. a diffraction spectrum produced by a grating. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > part of vessel above water > [noun] > deck > movable deck hatcha1375 grating-deck1867 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 33/2 Without greate paynes we can not fasten theron with the grating iron. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Grating-deck, a light movable deck, similar to the hatch-deck, but with open gratings. 1897 ‘P. Warung’ Tales Old Regime 97 The man who filed away the grating-bars would be first out of the shaft. 1926 R. W. Lawson tr. G. von Hevesy & F. A. Paneth Man. Radioactivity iv. 44 The grating space of a Rowland grating is about 10^–4 cm. 1938 R. W. Lawson tr. G. von Hevesy & F. A. Paneth Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) iv. 49 The ‘grating constant’ is here the distance between two adjacent lattice planes in the crystal. 1941 Nature 24 May 643/2 The spectrum was obtained from a discharge tube of the type described by Pearse and Gaydon, and grating photographs were taken (dispersions 2·6 and 1·9 A./mm.) in the region λλ 6400–4900. 1963 G. Troup Masers & Lasers (ed. 2) viii. 149 The fluorescent light emitted from the ends and from the sides was examined, using a grating spectrometer capable of resolving the R₁ and R₂ lines. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). gratingadj. Brit. /ˈɡreɪtɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈɡreɪdɪŋ/ Etymology: < grate v.¹ + -ing suffix². That grates, in senses of the verb. 1. Abrading, rasping; affecting painfully, as if by abrasion; irritating, fretting, ‘wearing’. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adjective] > annoying or vexatious angeeOE swinkfuleOE plightlyOE teenfulOE contrariousc1320 drefa1325 troublinga1325 despitousa1340 thornya1340 discomfortablec1350 troublablec1374 noyousa1382 noyfulc1384 diseasy1387 angrya1393 painful1395 hackinga1400 annoying?c1400 annoyousc1400 cumbrousc1400 teenc1400 annoyfulc1405 sputousc1420 diseasefula1425 molest?a1425 noying?a1425 noisomea1450 grievingc1450 tedious?1454 troublous1463 noisantc1475 displeasant1481 strouble1488 nuisant1494 noyanta1500 irksome1513 sturting1513 molestious1524 vexatious1534 cumbersome1535 uncommodious1541 spiteful1548 vexing?1548 incommodious1551 molestous1555 diseasing1558 grating1563 pestilent1565 sturtsome1570 molestuousa1572 troublesome1573 murrain1575 discommodable1579 galling1583 spiny1586 unsupportable1586 troubleful1588 plaguey1594 distressingc1595 molestful1596 molesting1598 vexful1598 fretful1603 briery1604 bemadding1608 mortifying1611 tiry1611 distressfula1616 irking1629 angersome1649 disobliging1652 discomforting1654 incomfortable1655 incommode1672 ruffling1680 unconvenient1683 pestifying1716 trying1718 offending1726 bothering1765 pesky1775 weary1785 sturty1788 unaccommodating1790 tiresome1798 werriting1808 bothersome1817 plaguesome1828 pestilential1833 fretsome1834 languorous1834 pesty1834 pestersome1843 nettlesome1845 miserable1850 niggling1854 distempering1855 be-maddeninga1861 nattery1873 nagging1883 pestiferous1890 trouble-giving1893 maddening1896 molestive1905 nuisancy1906 balls-aching?1912 nuisance1922 nattering1949 noodgy1969 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 cockish1996 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [adjective] > irritating grating1563 irritatorya1656 exasperatinga1665 vellicating1669 vellicative1822 amyctic1853 orticant1939 the world > space > shape > unevenness > [adjective] > rough unsmeetheOE sharpc893 rowOE reofOE roughOE unplaina1393 harsha1400 scrofc1400 stourc1400 ruggyc1405 asperous1547 harshy1582 shagged1589 horrid1590 unsmooth1598 gross1606 asperate1623 brute1627 scabbed1630 sleazy1644 rasping1656 scaber1657 asper1681 shaggy1693 gruff1697 grating1766 hackly1794 ruvid1837 scrubby1856 unkind1866 raspy1882 ruckly1923 sandpapery1957 1563 B. Googe Eglogs Epytaphes & Sonettes sig. F.v In Countreye growes, no gratynge grudge. 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Grattugina, a grating trull. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §44 The grating torture of a disease. View more context for this quotation 1643 J. Burroughes Expos. Hosea (1652) v. 251 I have a grating conscience within me. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 225. ⁋2 A Man is allowed to say the most grating Thing imaginable to another. 1720 D. Waterland Vindic. Christ's Divinity (ed. 3) xv. 222 Those Positions..were too grating upon, and too shocking to every pious Christian at that Time. 1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) VIII. 242 The yoke of obedience and submission always grating to kings. 1766 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 72/2 Its skin was rough, scaly, and grating, like that of a sea-dog or seal. 1803 T. R. Malthus Ess. Princ. Population (new ed.) i. ii. 10 Reduced to the grating necessity of forfeiting his independence. 1859 E. Bulwer-Lytton What will he do with It? (1st Edinb. ed.) I. i. iv. 31 Pride is a garment all stiff brocade outside, all grating sackcloth on the side next to the skin. 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda III. vi. xlv. 298 This speech was grating to Deronda. †2. Of persons, their qualities, etc.: Grinding, oppressive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > [adjective] tyrannish1390 oppressinga1475 tyrannica1492 tyranful1533 tyrannicala1538 tyrannous1556 tyranniousc1561 tramplinga1586 suppressing1589 grinding1598 ingrating1599 wringing1620 inquisitory1639 inquisitional1644 oppressive1646 tyrannial1651 grating1653 inquisitorial1796 oppressive1972 1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian Pref. sig. A2^v He severely indites..Tribonianus the Questor of grating avarice. 1673 in O. Airy Essex Papers (1890) I. 83 In all his Majesties 3 Kingdomes, there lives not a more grating man than S^r Will^m Petty. 3. That makes a grinding or creaking sound, as of two rough bodies grating together; hence, sounding harsh or discordant. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [adjective] > grating grating1718 griding1740 grinding1826 raspish1847 grounding1876 1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. Sept. (1965) I. 439 Their Music at the Opera..was abominable grateing. 1757 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful i. §2. 4 Suppose..a man..to have his ears wounded with some harsh and grating sound. 1803 J. Leyden Scenes of Infancy i. 67 The Scythed Car on grating axle rings. 1886 H. Caine Son of Hagar i. Prol. The ghastly face answered ill to the grating laugh that followed. Derivatives ˈgratingly adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adverb] > in annoying or vexatious manner noyfully1395 annoyously?c1400 noyously1483 troublously1538 uncommodiously1545 wretchedly1546 irksomely1549 incommodiously1551 troublesomely1591 vexingly1599 cumbersomely1611 vexatiously1642 discomfortably1653 importunely1658 gratingly1683 mortifyingly1748 distressingly1786 gallingly1802 annoyingly1806 peskily1833 pesky1833 tryingly1841 discomfortingly1869 balls-achingly1972 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > unpleasant quality > harsh or discordant quality > [adverb] > grating gratingly1857 raspingly1870 grittily1911 1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 56 The mind is freed from those cares, which would otherwise gratingly afflict it. 1857 Chambers's Jrnl. 7 199 Fiendish laughter, gratingly, piercingly loud. 1873 D. Masson Drummond of Hawthornden vi. 107 It does come a little gratingly in the context of the inter~changed letters. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹c1440n.²1598adj.1563
随便看	impostumations impostume impostumed impostumes imposturage impostural imposture impostured impostures impostureship imposturing in anger in annie's room in annie's room behind the clock in annie's room behind the etc in annie's room behind the wallpaper in answer in answer archaic also of in answer to in antis in any case in any coast in any condition in any event in any form

gratingn.1

gratingn.2

Compounds

gratingadj.

Derivatives

gratingn.¹

gratingn.²