† griseadj.

Forms: Also Middle English greis, Middle English gryse.

Etymology: ? Abstracted < grisly adj.

Obsolete.

Terrible; fearful.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective]

eislichc888

eyesfulOE

awfulc1175

smarta1200

ferlya1225

sternc1275

grisea1300

uglya1300

dreadfula1325

fell?c1335

stout1338

perilousc1380

terriblec1400

ghastfulc1449

timorous1455

epouventable1477

bedreadc1485

dreadablec1490

dreadc1540

buggisha1555

dreaded1556

monster-like1561

dire1567

scareful1567

terrifying1577

scary1582

direful1583

affrighting1592

dismal1594

affrightful1603

diral1606

tirable1607

frighting1619

scaring1641

affrighteninga1651

formidolous1656

terrific1667

terrifical1677

atrocious1733

terrorful1789

orful1845

lurid1850

terrorsome1890

turble1893

timorsome1894

like the wrath of God1936

a1300 Cursor Mundi 23249 Of helle..þe aghtand pine it es ful grise.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18649 Wit his cri þat es sua grise [Gött. greis].

1460 Lybeaus Disc. 597 To fyght with bothe yn same Hyt wer no chyldes game, That beth so grymme and gryse.

?a1500 Ser John Mandevelle 59 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 157 Or elles..Depyst in helle in paynes grise Salbee our set.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† grisev.

Forms: Middle English grise-n, Middle English grisyn, Middle English gryse, grise, Middle English gryes, 1500s Scottish gryis. past tense Middle English gros, grisede.

Etymology: Middle English grīsen strong verb (later weak) < Old English *grísan, implied in á-grísan (recorded in present stem only: see agrise v.) = Middle Dutch, Middle Low German grisen (Dutch grijzen , past tense grees , past participle gegrezen ); compare Middle High German grisenlich grisly adj.The root *grῑs- is not found in Gothic or Scandinavian, nor is its equivalent found outside Germanic. Possibly it may have originated by onomatopoeic modification from the synonymous *greus- , grus- (in Old English grorn sad, begroren terrified, gryre horror) which seems to be an extension of the root *greu- , grū- : see grue v.¹

Obsolete.

1. impersonal. (it) grises me: I shudder with fear or horror, I tremble, am greatly afraid.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > expression of physical symptoms [phrase] > I shudder with fear

(it) grises mec1200

it grues mec1460

some one is walking over my grave1738

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 165 Of swilch mai grisen men.

a1225 Juliana 56 Grisen him mahte [v.r. mahen] þat sehe hu hit [þat axtreo] gront in to hwet se hit of rahte.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 133 Sare quod he me grises [?c1225 Cleo. grulleð] aȝain mi pine.

a1300 Body & Soul 96 in Map's Poems A weyle sore may me grise.

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 7875 Hyt was no wundyr þoȝ hym gros.

2. intransitive. To shudder or tremble with terror; to be full of horror, greatly afraid; = agrise v. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > exhibit physical symptoms [verb (intransitive)] > shudder with fear

quakeOE

agriseOE

quavec1225

grisea1250

shiverc1250

aquake1303

tremble1303

gruec1330

shuddera1350

darea1400

gryec1400

grillc1420

fremishc1425

shrugc1440

oggle?a1475

hugge1483

starkle?1544

trepidate1623

quiver1670

a1250 [see sense 1].

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8532 His herte a-geyns hym gros & grew.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7983 To ger þam for him gru and grise, Vm-thoght him gern on quatkin wise.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 7222 Þe woman sho began to gryes.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2140 Of this petouse compleynt a mannys hert may grise.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iv. 56 When I look to hym I gryse.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. xii. 21 Albeit my spreit abhorris, and doith grise, Thairon for to ramembir.

3. transitive. To shudder at with terror or abhorrence; to dread, abhor, loathe; = agrise v. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > hatred > loathing or detestation > emotion compounded of fear and loathing > shudder at or dread [verb (transitive)]

ofshakeOE

agrisea1382

grisea1382

perhorresce1882

the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > exhibit physical symptoms [verb (transitive)] > shudder at with terror or abhorrence

agrisea1382

grisea1382

tremblea1382

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Judith xvi. 12 The Persis grisiden hir stedefastnesse, and Medis hir hardynesse.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Wisdom xii. 3 Tho olde dwelleris of thin holi lond, the which thou grisedist.

4. To terrify, affright; = agrise v. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > terrify [verb (transitive)]

afearOE

affrightOE

breec1000

offrightlOE

agastc1225

offearc1225

dreadc1250

agrisec1275

begallowc1320

ashunchc1325

adreadc1330

affrayc1330

fleya1400

grise1513

terrify1536

fray-bug1551

thunderbolta1586

fear-blast1593

gaster1593

hazen1593

terrorc1595

affrighten1615

ter-terrifya1618

flaite1642

pavefy1656

repall1687

hobgoblin1707

scarify1794

to scare the daylights out of1951

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. ii. 52 Virgyne, na kynd of pane may rise, Vnknaw to me, of new that may me grise.

?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) i. l. 764 in Shorter Poems (1967) 52 Terribil thochtis oft my hert did gryis.

1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iv. K ij b He warns me through my dreames, & me w^t fearfull gost doth grise.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	grise
释义	† griseadj. Forms: Also Middle English greis, Middle English gryse. Etymology: ? Abstracted < grisly adj. Obsolete. Terrible; fearful. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [adjective] eislichc888 eyesfulOE awfulc1175 smarta1200 ferlya1225 sternc1275 grisea1300 uglya1300 dreadfula1325 fell?c1335 stout1338 perilousc1380 terriblec1400 ghastfulc1449 timorous1455 epouventable1477 bedreadc1485 dreadablec1490 dreadc1540 buggisha1555 dreaded1556 monster-like1561 dire1567 scareful1567 terrifying1577 scary1582 direful1583 affrighting1592 dismal1594 affrightful1603 diral1606 tirable1607 frighting1619 scaring1641 affrighteninga1651 formidolous1656 terrific1667 terrifical1677 atrocious1733 terrorful1789 orful1845 lurid1850 terrorsome1890 turble1893 timorsome1894 like the wrath of God1936 a1300 Cursor Mundi 23249 Of helle..þe aghtand pine it es ful grise. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18649 Wit his cri þat es sua grise [Gött. greis]. 1460 Lybeaus Disc. 597 To fyght with bothe yn same Hyt wer no chyldes game, That beth so grymme and gryse. ?a1500 Ser John Mandevelle 59 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 157 Or elles..Depyst in helle in paynes grise Salbee our set. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † grisev. Forms: Middle English grise-n, Middle English grisyn, Middle English gryse, grise, Middle English gryes, 1500s Scottish gryis. past tense Middle English gros, grisede. Etymology: Middle English grīsen strong verb (later weak) < Old English grísan, implied in á-grísan* (recorded in present stem only: see agrise v.) = Middle Dutch, Middle Low German grisen (Dutch grijzen , past tense grees , past participle gegrezen ); compare Middle High German grisenlich grisly adj.The root grῑs- is not found in Gothic or Scandinavian, nor is its equivalent found outside Germanic. Possibly it may have originated by onomatopoeic modification from the synonymous greus- , grus- (in Old English grorn sad, begroren terrified, gryre horror) which seems to be an extension of the root greu- , grū-* : see grue v.¹ Obsolete. 1. impersonal. (it) grises me: I shudder with fear or horror, I tremble, am greatly afraid. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > expression of physical symptoms [phrase] > I shudder with fear (it) grises mec1200 it grues mec1460 some one is walking over my grave1738 c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 165 Of swilch mai grisen men. a1225 Juliana 56 Grisen him mahte [v.r. mahen] þat sehe hu hit [þat axtreo] gront in to hwet se hit of rahte. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Titus) (1963) 133 Sare quod he me grises [?c1225 Cleo. grulleð] aȝain mi pine. a1300 Body & Soul 96 in Map's Poems A weyle sore may me grise. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 7875 Hyt was no wundyr þoȝ hym gros. 2. intransitive. To shudder or tremble with terror; to be full of horror, greatly afraid; = agrise v. 1a. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > exhibit physical symptoms [verb (intransitive)] > shudder with fear quakeOE agriseOE quavec1225 grisea1250 shiverc1250 aquake1303 tremble1303 gruec1330 shuddera1350 darea1400 gryec1400 grillc1420 fremishc1425 shrugc1440 oggle?a1475 hugge1483 starkle?1544 trepidate1623 quiver1670 a1250 [see sense 1]. c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8532 His herte a-geyns hym gros & grew. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7983 To ger þam for him gru and grise, Vm-thoght him gern on quatkin wise. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 7222 Þe woman sho began to gryes. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2140 Of this petouse compleynt a mannys hert may grise. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. iv. 56 When I look to hym I gryse. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. xii. 21 Albeit my spreit abhorris, and doith grise, Thairon for to ramembir. 3. transitive. To shudder at with terror or abhorrence; to dread, abhor, loathe; = agrise v. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > loathing or detestation > emotion compounded of fear and loathing > shudder at or dread [verb (transitive)] ofshakeOE agrisea1382 grisea1382 perhorresce1882 the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > exhibit physical symptoms [verb (transitive)] > shudder at with terror or abhorrence agrisea1382 grisea1382 tremblea1382 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Judith xvi. 12 The Persis grisiden hir stedefastnesse, and Medis hir hardynesse. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Wisdom xii. 3 Tho olde dwelleris of thin holi lond, the which thou grisedist. 4. To terrify, affright; = agrise v. 2a. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > terrify [verb (transitive)] afearOE affrightOE breec1000 offrightlOE agastc1225 offearc1225 dreadc1250 agrisec1275 begallowc1320 ashunchc1325 adreadc1330 affrayc1330 fleya1400 grise1513 terrify1536 fray-bug1551 thunderbolta1586 fear-blast1593 gaster1593 hazen1593 terrorc1595 affrighten1615 ter-terrifya1618 flaite1642 pavefy1656 repall1687 hobgoblin1707 scarify1794 to scare the daylights out of1951 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. ii. 52 Virgyne, na kynd of pane may rise, Vnknaw to me, of new that may me grise. ?1553 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (London) i. l. 764 in Shorter Poems (1967) 52 Terribil thochtis oft my hert did gryis. 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iv. K ij b He warns me through my dreames, & me w^t fearfull gost doth grise. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.a1300v.c1200
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