gulln.1
/ɡʌl/, U.S. /ɡəl/ a. Any long-winged, web-footed bird of the family Laridæ and sub-family Larinæ, which contains several genera, Larus being the largest. In popular use the name is of much wider application, including the Terns and Skuas.The Gulls are mostly marine birds and are distributed all over the world; their characteristic colour is white with a mantle varying from pearl-grey to dark-slate colour or black, the bill being usually bright-coloured; their cry is harsh or shrill.The common gull is Larus canus called otherwise sea-mew, seagull, and green-billed gull. Other species are similarly distinguished by defining words indicating colour, appearance, habitat, etc., as grey gull, hooded gull, hovering gull, long-billed gull, Pacific gull, red-legged gull, white-headed gull, white-winged gull, etc.; also black gull n. (or black-toed gull) the skua n. cloven-footed gull n. the common Black Tern. glaucous gull n. Larus glaucus, the burgomaster n. herring gull n. L. argentatus, called also silvery gull. ivory gull n. a small arctic gull of pure white colour with black legs, L. eburneus, Pagophila eburnea, or Gavia alba. little gull n. Larus minutus. Sabine's gull n. Xema sabinii, a fork-tailed gull common chiefly in arctic America and Siberia.The greater black-backed gull is called locally also carrion gull, goose gull, or wagel n. gull, †by Willughby great black and white gull.black-headed, ice, kittiwake, lesser black-backed gull: see first element.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Larus (gull)
gullc1430
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Larus (gull) > larus eburnea (ivory gull)
whale-bird1771
snow-bird1802
senator1852
whale-gull1852
ivory gull1885
c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 62 Le .ij. cours..Pyions. Ve[n]ysoun Rostyd. Gullys. Curlew.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 179 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 100 The se mawis war monkis ye blak & ye quhyte The goule was a gryntar.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie G 589 A Gulle, a common name to sundrie birdes of the sea, as a cormorant & &c., Mergus.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 287 As touching the Guls or Sea-cobs, they build in rockes.
a1646 D. Wedderburn Vocabula (1685) 16 Gavia, a gow.
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xii. 108 White Gulls, Gray-Gulls, and Black Gulls (commonly termed by the Name of Plungers and Water-Crows).
1674 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 93 The Herring-gull or greatest ash-coloured Mew: Larus cinereus maximus.
1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 344 The great black and white Gull: Larus ingens marinus Clusii.
1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 354 Aldrovands cloven-footed Gull, with longer Wings.
1766 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. ii. 142 Common Gull. This is the most numerous of the genus. It breeds on the ledges of the cliffs that impend over the sea.
1839 Selby in Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 1 No. 7. 189 Larus minutus (little gull) near Embleton.
1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 335/1 Xema ridibundus,..This bird is the..Laughing Gull, Pewit or Black~cap, Sea Crow and Mire Crow of the Modern British.
1865 P. H. Gosse Land & Sea (1874) 36 The kittiwake, the smallest of the gulls that can be properly called indigenous to our shores.
1876 C. H. Davis Narr. North Polar Exped. Ship Polaris App. 679 Saw several eider-ducks and ivory and burgomeister gulls.
1885 J. S. Kingsley Standard Nat. Hist. (1888) IV. 79 Ross's Gull (Rhodostethia rosea), or the wedge-tailed gull, as it is also called, on account of the form of its tail.
1885 J. S. Kingsley Standard Nat. Hist. (1888) IV. 81 The dazzling white ivory-gull (Gavia alba)..the fork-tailed gulls, constituting the genus Xema.
b. allusively.
ΚΠ
1550 R. Crowley Way to Wealth sig. Aiiiv Men yt would haue all in their owne handes..Cormerauntes, gredye gulles. yea men that would eate vp menne women & chyldren: are the causes of Sedition.
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer Pref. 137 As, our Gull, A bird much found among the Worshipfull.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a.
gull-kind n.
ΚΠ
1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. v. §9. 155 The Gull-kind, being much upon the wing as Swallows, commonly of an ash colour;..having red bill and legs, with a forked train.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 77 It is to such shores as these that the whole tribe of the gull-kind resort.
gull-land n.
ΚΠ
1899 Academy 8 Apr. 408/2 Throwing bread to the sea-gulls, she says, ‘In gull-land they don't like bread, but it's a point of honour to catch it’.
gull rookery n.
ΚΠ
1885 J. S. Kingsley Standard Nat. Hist. (1888) IV. 78 The fascinating view of a gull rookery with its ceaseless uproar.
b.
gull-like adj.
ΚΠ
1895 P. H. Emerson Birds, Beasts, & Fishes Norfolk Broadland l. 146 The danger signal is either a peculiar gull-like noise, ‘Këo, këo’, or a ‘Quah, quah’.
C2.
gull-billed tern n. Sterna anglica.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Sterna (tern) > sterna nilotica (gull-billed tern)
marsh terna1813
gull-billed tern1813
1813 G. Montagu Suppl. Ornithol. Dict. at Tern—Gull-billed The new species which, from the shape of the bill, is denominated the Gull-billed Tern..as it has originated in England we have added the more scientific name of Sterna Anglica.
1851 Zoologist 9 3235 A fine adult male specimen of the gull-billed tern.
gull-maw n. (also Scottish†goul mau) the Greater Black-backed Gull.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Larus (gull) > larus marinus (blackback)
swartbacka1525
gull-mawc1550
cob1574
blackback1676
wagel1676
saddleback1770
blackback gull1783
swabie1821
parson gull1849
minister1925
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 31 The suannis murnit. be cause the gray goul mau pronosticat ane storme.
1885 C. Swainson Provinc. Names Brit. Birds 208 Greater Black-backed Gull..Also called..Gull maw—i.e. mew (East Lothian).
gull-teaser n. a bird that torments gulls, as a tern or jaeger.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > [noun] > genus Stercorarius (skuas or jaegers) > stercorarius parasiticus
allana1612
boatswain1785
gull-teaser1802
Richardson's jaeger1831
Richardson's skua1834
jäger1838
bosun1874
marlinspike1884
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Sterna (tern)
stern1609
sternet1638
sea-swallow1647
tern1678
rittock1774
mackerel gull1792
gull-teaser1802
kip1802
rippock1806
kingbird1831
pirr1875
1802 G. Montagu Ornithol. Dict. at Tern—Common Sterna hirundo..Gull—Teazer.
gull wing n. (a) an aeroplane wing of which the short inner section slants upwards from the fuselage, and the longer outer section is approximately horizontal; (b) of a car door (used attributive): opening upwards from the body of the car.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > parts and equipment of motor vehicles > [adjective] > type of door
gull wing1932
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > [noun] > plane or aerofoil > wing > types of wing
gull wing1932
shoulder wing1941
delta wing1946
swept wing1947
ogee wing1960
1932 Aviation Jan. 39/3 The machine is a wire-braced monoplane of the gull-wing type designed primarily to afford the widest possible angle of vision for both pilot and observer.
1934 Flight 15 Feb. 156 The ‘gull’ wings of the earlier type have been dispensed with.
1957 Motor Body Apr. 8/1 This was a streamlined design with..the gull wing or butterfly wing door.
1966 N. Freeling King of Rainy Country 122 We had a new sports car—you remember the first three-hundred SL—with the gullwing doors.
1967 C. H. Barnes Shorts Aircraft 421 The new craft was a very elegant and efficient gull-wing cantilever monoplane.
1969 Daily Tel. 17 Oct. (Colour Suppl.) 71/3 The gull-wing door is likely to be seen more widely in future as a new breed of low-slung sports two-seaters is developed.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
gulln.2
/ɡʌl/, U.S. /ɡəl/ Now dialect.
An unfledged bird, esp. a gosling.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > young bird > [noun] > unfledged
gull1382
quiller1591
squab1682
gor1683
the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > [noun] > member of subfamily Anserinea (goose) > gosling
gull1382
green goose1416
goslingc1425
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Deut. xxii. 6 A nest of briddis..and the moder to the bryddis [MS. Bodl. 959 gollis] or to the eyren aboue sittynge.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. i. 60 As that vngentle gull the Cuckoes bird Vseth the sparrow. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) ii. i. 31 I do feare When euery Feather stickes in his owne wing, Lord Timon will be left a naked gull, Which flashes now a Phœnix. View more context for this quotation
1882 W. Worcestersh. Gloss. Gull, a young goose.
1896 G. F. Northall Warwickshire Word-bk. Gull, an unfledged gosling.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
gulln.3
/ɡʌl/, U.S. /ɡəl/ 1. A credulous person; one easily imposed upon; a dupe, simpleton, fool. †to grope a gull: to swindle an unsuspecting person: cf. to pluck a pigeon, †a finch.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > defraud or swindle [verb (intransitive)]
to pull a finchc1386
to bore a person's nose?1577
to wipe a person's nose1577
verse1591
lurch1593
to grope a gull1594
cheat1647
to lick (another's) fingers1656
to live upon the shark1694
sharp1709
fineer1765
to pluck a pigeon1769
swindle1769
to run a game1894
to sell (a person) a pup1901
scam1963
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [noun] > gullible person, dupe
foola1382
woodcockc1430
geckc1530
cousinc1555
cokes1567
milch cow1582
gudgeon1584
coney1591
martin1591
gull1594
plover1599
rook1600
gull-finch1604
cheatee1615
goata1616
whirligig1624
chouse1649
coll1657
cully1664
bubble1668
lamb1668
Simple Simon?1673
mouth1680
dupe1681
cull1698
bub1699
game1699
muggins1705
colour1707
milk cow1727
flat1762
gulpin1802
slob1810
gaggee1819
sucker1838
hoaxee1840
softie1850
foozle1860
lemon1863
juggins1882
yob1886
patsy1889
yapc1894
fall guy1895
fruit1895
meemaw1895
easy mark1896
lobster1896
mark1896
wise guy1896
come-on1897
pushover1907
John1908
schnookle1908
Gretchen1913
jug1914
schnook1920
soft touch1924
prospect1931
steamer1932
punter1934
dill1941
Joe Soap1943
possum1945
Moreton Bay1953
easy touch1959
1594 T. Nashe Terrors of Night in Wks. (Grosart) III. 257 Liues there anie such slowe yce-braind beefe-witted gull.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. iii. 326 Clarence whom I indeed haue laid in darkenes, I doe beweepe to many simple guls: Namely to Hastings, Darby, Buckingham. View more context for this quotation
1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. i. sig. B4 He..will not sticke to spend some 20. pound To grope a gull.
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 2217 In these dayes hee's deemd a very gull That cannot take Tobacco.
a1622 J. Davies Epigr. in Poems (1876) II. 9 To define a Gull in termes precise—A Gull is he which seemes, and is not, wise.
1645 J. Milton Colasterion 11 His very touching ought that is lerned, soiles it, and lays him still more and more open a conspicuous gull.
1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. li. 167 If I had been such a gull..I would without any more ado tuck myself up.
1811 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) VII. 497 It is as well to let him believe that we are good natured gulls who will easily swallow.
1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xix. 179 ‘Done!’ cried the noble gull. ‘Within ten minutes’.
1885 R. L. Stevenson & F. Stevenson Dynamiter 60 He perceived by what..unmanly fear of ridicule he had been brought down to be the gull of this intriguer.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > [noun] > instance of
braida1000
fraudc1374
mock1523
brogue1537
flim-flamc1538
imposture1548
lie1560
cozening1576
smoke-hole1580
gullery1598
gull1600
cog1602
coggery1602
fraudulency1630
imposition1632
cheat1649
fourbery1650
prestige1656
sham1677
crimp1684
bite1711
humbug1750
swindle1778
hookum-snivey1781
shim-sham1797
gag1805
intake1808
racket1819
wooden nutmeg1822
sell1838
caper1851
skin game1879
Kaffir bargain1899
swizzle1913
swizz1915
put-on1919
ready-up1924
rort1926
jack-up1945
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. iii. 117 I should think this a gull, but that the white bearded fellow speakes it. View more context for this quotation
1604 (title) Pasquil's Jests,..whereunto is added a dozen of Gulles, Pretty and Pleasant to drive away the tediousness of a winter's evening.
1619 T. Lushington Repetit. Serm. in Phenix (1708) II. 477 They say there was no such matter as the Resurrection, 'twas but a gull put upon the World by his Disciples.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. xvi. 324 If gulls and rumours from his Countrey be raised on purpose to amuse our Embassadour.
a1668 W. Davenant News from Plimouth iv, in Wks. (1673) 22/2 For the gull Your Seawit put upon me, I think I have taken A full revenge.
3. slang. A trickster, cheat, impostor.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > a charlatan, fraudster > [noun]
shondc725
faitoura1340
fob1393
trumper?c1450
feature14..
chuffera1500
prowler1519
truphane1568
cozener1575
cogger1580
pretender1583
impostor1586
mountebank1589
sycophant?1589
foolmonger1593
affronter1598
assumer1600
knight (also lord, man, etc.) of gingerbread1602
pettifogger1602
budgeter1603
quacksalver1611
empiric1614
putter-off?1615
quack1638
stafador1638
saltimbanco1646
adventurer1648
fourbe1668
shammer1677
imposer1678
charlatana1680
sham1683
cheat1687
hocus1692
gull1699
shamster1716
coal-blower1720
humbugger1752
gagger1781
fudge1794
humbug1804
potwalloper1820
twister1834
jackleg1844
fraud1850
bunyip1852
empiricist1854
Bayswater Captain1880
bluffer1888
putter-down1906
quandong1939
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Gull, a cheat.
1825 C. M. Westmacott Eng. Spy I. 161 You'll excuse me, sir, but as you are fresh, take care to avoid the gulls. (Note), Gulls, knowing ones who are always on the look out for freshmen.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
gull-catcher n.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. v. 180 Heere comes my noble gull catcher . View more context for this quotation
gull-catching n.
ΚΠ
1823 Spirit of Public Jrnls. (1824) 63 Taking in the ‘deep ones’ quite in the gull-catching style.
gull-gallant n.
ΚΠ
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ix. ii. 826 The gull-gallants of our dayes, to whom I could wish..that they would leave this vsurped Gallantrie to those true owners, and resume spirits truly English.
C2. † gull-finch n. Obsolete a playful amplification of gull = ‘simpleton’, with reference to the bird of that name: cf. also to pluck a finch.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > [noun] > gullible person, dupe
foola1382
woodcockc1430
geckc1530
cousinc1555
cokes1567
milch cow1582
gudgeon1584
coney1591
martin1591
gull1594
plover1599
rook1600
gull-finch1604
cheatee1615
goata1616
whirligig1624
chouse1649
coll1657
cully1664
bubble1668
lamb1668
Simple Simon?1673
mouth1680
dupe1681
cull1698
bub1699
game1699
muggins1705
colour1707
milk cow1727
flat1762
gulpin1802
slob1810
gaggee1819
sucker1838
hoaxee1840
softie1850
foozle1860
lemon1863
juggins1882
yob1886
patsy1889
yapc1894
fall guy1895
fruit1895
meemaw1895
easy mark1896
lobster1896
mark1896
wise guy1896
come-on1897
pushover1907
John1908
schnookle1908
Gretchen1913
jug1914
schnook1920
soft touch1924
prospect1931
steamer1932
punter1934
dill1941
Joe Soap1943
possum1945
Moreton Bay1953
easy touch1959
1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. C 3 Delicate Knaues..that diue into Deedes and Writings of Landes, left to young Gull-finches, poysoning the true sence and intent of them.
1630 J. Taylor Wks. ii. 71/2 For 'tis concluded 'mongst the wizards all, To make thee Master of Gul-finches hall.
gull-groper n. one who ‘gropes a gull’ (see 1).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > a charlatan, fraudster > [noun] > a sharper, swindler
hawk1548
huckster1556
shifterc1562
coney-catcher1591
sharker1594
shark1600
bat-fowler1602
guller1602
gull-groper1602
poop-noddy1616
int1631
shirk1639
knight of industrya1658
hockettor1672
biter1680
sharper1681
duffer1735
sharp1797
diddler1803
chevalier of industry1807
flat-catcher1821
thimble-man1830
thimblerigger1831
thimblerig1839
riggerc1840
chevalier of fortune1867
flim-flammer1881
spiv1929
sharpie1942
shrewd1954
1602 T. Dekker Satiro-mastix sig. D Ile shake the gull-groper out of his tan'd skinne.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Gull-groper, a Bystander that Lends Money to the Gamesters.
1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 95 The he, or the she, or the it, that..gangs to glower like a gawpus at a Gallic gull-grupper.
gull-sharper n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Gull-sharper, one who preys upon Johnny Raws.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
gulln.4
/ɡʌl/, U.S. /ɡəl/ a. The throat, gullet. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > throat or gullet > [noun]
rakeeOE
cudeOE
weasanda1000
chelc1000
throatOE
garget13..
gorgec1390
oesophagusa1398
meria1400
oesophagea1400
swallowa1400
cannelc1400
gull1412
channelc1425
halsec1440
gully1538
encla?1541
stomach?1541
lane1542
weasand-pipe1544
throttlea1547
meat-pipe1553
gargil1558
guttur1562
cropc1580
gurgulio1630
gule1659
gutter lane1684
red lane1701
swallow-pipe1786
neck1818
gullet-pipe1837
foodway1904
1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. vi That as fast as he seeth theim [the bulles] gape Into theyr golles that he the lycour caste.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos x. 39 Neptunus..his grete gulle or throte wyde opene redy to swolowe..alle thooste.
1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. i. f. 5v/1 There ben in the throte two conduyctes. Of whiche by one the meate and drincke passe, descendyng in to the stomake, & is called Meri or Oisophagus, in Englishe the Gulle.
1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 32 The Freese, Gul or Throat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > mouth or orifice
mouthOE
orifice?a1425
gull1545
chops1589
orifex1590
mouthpiece1683
maw1818
1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. sig. G.viii In the inner face of the bladder, there be sette before the mouth or gull of the conduyts certayne lyttell skynny flappes.
2. A breach or fissure made by a torrent; a gully, chasm; a channel made by a stream. Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > valley > [noun] > gorge or ravine
cloughc1330
heugha1400
straitc1400
gillc1440
gulfa1533
gull1553
gap1555
coomb1578
gullet1600
nick1606
goyle1617
gully1637
nullah1656
ravine1687
barrancaa1691
kloof1731
ravin1746
water gap1756
gorge1769
arroyo1777
quebrada1787
rambla1789
flume1792
linn1799
cañada1814
gulch1832
cañon1834
canyon1837
khud1837
couloir1855
draw1864
box canyon1869
sitch1888
tangi1901
opena1903
1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. v. f. 81 Their passage was sodeinly stopped by a great gull made with the violence of the streames.
1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 275 Great channels, like Gulls made by suddain torrents and land-floods.
1693 J. Ray Three Physico-theol. Disc. (ed. 2) i. iii. 24 The mighty guls and channels in the sides thereof [sc. a mountain].
1748 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 4) III. 136 A Brook..running from those Gulls and Deeps between the Hills.
1792 S. Ireland Picturesque Views Thames II. 55 About the shallows or gulls, the water is beautifully transparent.
1852 J. Wiggins Pract. Embanking Lands 51 Currents will be formed by the disturbed action of the tide, ‘gulls’ (pits) will be formed [etc.].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† gulln.5
Obsolete.
A fish not fully grown; also, a kind of gudgeon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > [noun] > young
mop1466
whitebait1485
gull1495
fishlinga1861
alevin1864
brit1873
post-larva1924
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > [noun] > suborder Gobioidei > family Gobiidae > member of (goby)
gull1495
gudgeon1584
quab1598
quabling1617
goby1769
gobioid1845
sea-gudgeon1864
gobiid1883
oysterfish1903
sand goby1911
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) > gobio fluviatilis (gudgeon)
grundel14..
gudgeonc1425
gull1495
flexpeng?a1500
quab1598
groundling1601
quabling1617
1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 23 If the..fisshe shuld be well and truly packed, that is to sey, the tale fisshe by theym selfe and the small fissh called Gulles by them self.
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xix. 180 Gulls..are a kind of jolt-headed Gudgins.
Compounds
gull-fish n. the coal-fish, Merlangus carbonarius.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > superorder Paracanthopterygii > order Gadiformes (cod) > [noun] > family Gadidae > pollachius virens (coal-fish)
lob-keelingc1325
coalfish1337
lob1357
pollack1427
gull-fish1583
saithe1632
colmey1654
billard1661
rawlin pollack1673
sey-pollack1698
blackmouth1703
billet1769
greenback1772
green cod1776
glossan1780
stenlock179.
harbin1806
coalsey1829
rock salmon1831
rauning pollack1835
green pollack1859
coaly1915
1583 Rates Custome House sig. Civ Gulfish the barrel vi.s. viii.d.
1663 Act 15 Chas. II c. 7 §14 [Duties.] For Cod-fish the Barrell five shillings..For Gull fish the Barrell Two shillings.
1759 tr. M. Adanson Voy. Senegal 178 There you might see pilchards, rock-fish, mullets or gull-fish of different sorts; mole-bats, with other fishes very little known.
gull-head n. = bullhead n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Scorpaeniformes (scorpion-fish) > [noun] > family Cottidae (sculpins) > member of genus Cottus (bull-head)
sea-dragon1551
gull-head1611
sculpin1672
bullhead1674
mud catfish1818
sea-toad1884
1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Ghiozzo, a Gul-head, a Millers-thumbe, a Curfish, or a Bull-head. Some take it for a Gudgeon-fish.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
† gulladj.
Obsolete.
Yellow, pale.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > pale yellow
gull13..
flaxen?1523
palew1547
straw-coloured1585
branlie1589
straw colour1589
flaxy1634
festucine1646
sulphureous1656
flaxenish1661
butter colour1665
strawy1668
straw-yellow1794
bombycinous1796
sulphur-coloured1811
sherry-yellow1813
sulphur-yellow1816
bombasic1825
straw1842
wax-coloured1842
stramineous1845
maize-coloured1852
daffodil1855
daw1856
flax1873
sherry-coloured1875
mastic1890
sulpho-chromic1895
ochroid1897
wheat-coloured1898
sulphurous1899
sulphury1900
tea rose1900
straw-pale1922
13.. Evang. Nicod. 70 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen 53 392 Þe Iewes..wex all full gull and grene.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xii. Introd. (Tollem. MS.) Þe egle is sore greuid and heren wynges wexen white, and heren clawes gowle [1582 goule] and feble [L. et ebetant ungues ejus et debilitantur].
1483 Cath. Angl. 168/1 Gulle, pallidus, lividus & cetera; vbi, wanne.
a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 202 Evill farit and dryit..Lyk as the gleddis had on thy gulesnowt dynd.
1669 Hist. Sir Eger 3 Thou was full blith, and light of late:..And thou art now both gool and green.
Derivatives
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > pale yellow
gullnessa1300
butter colour1629
wheat-colour1711
straw colour1737
jonquil1791
straw-yellow1794
straw1799
wax-yellow1805
sulphur-yellow1816
wax-colour1854
daffodil1855
sulphur-colour1866
sherry colour1871
tea rose1872
mastic1890
wheat1915
sulphur1924
straw-gold1963
buttermilk1977
a1300 E.E. Psalter lxvii. 14 In golnes [v.r. gulnes] of gold to se.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
† gullv.1
Obsolete.
1. figurative.1625 T. Middleton Game at Chæss iv. ii The swallow of my conscience Hath but a narrow passage;..If I had got seven thousand pounds by offices, And gull'd down that, the bore would have been bigger.
a. transitive. To swallow, guzzle; transferred and figurative to devour voraciously. Also with in, up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > eat voraciously
forswallowOE
gulch?c1225
afretea1350
moucha1350
glop1362
gloup1362
forglut1393
worrya1400
globbec1400
forsling1481
slonk1481
franch1519
gull1530
to eat up1535
to swallow up1535
engorge1541
gulp1542
ramp1542
slosh1548
raven1557
slop1575
yolp1579
devour1586
to throw oneself on1592
paunch1599
tire1599
glut1600
batten1604
frample1606
gobbet1607
to make a (also one's) meal on (also upon)a1616
to make a (also one's) meal of1622
gorge1631
demolish1639
gourmanda1657
guttle1685
to gawp up1728
nyam1790
gamp1805
slummock1808
annihilate1815
gollop1823
punish1825
engulf1829
hog1836
scoff1846
brosier1850
to pack away1855
wolf1861
locust1868
wallop1892
guts1934
murder1935
woof1943
pelicana1953
pig1979
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 576/2 I gulle in drinke, as great drinkers do, je engoulle.
1553 J. Brende tr. Q. Curtius Rufus Hist. vii. f. 133v Suche as had gulled in gredely the water that thei gote.
1607 C. Lever Crucifixe xiii O you that gull the poyson'd cup of pleasure.
1645 Arraignm. Persecution in Prynne Discov. Prodig. Blazing-Stars 19 To gull up and devour more at one meale, then would make a feast for Bel and the Dragon.
1674 J. Josselyn Acct. Two Voy. 211 They are roystering and gulling in wine with a dear felicity.
b. absol. or intransitive.
ΚΠ
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens iv. sig. Miij People gullyng, fraungyng, and dronkerdes.
1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. i. sig. Avv The heate of the wine wherein they goolled.
1583 P. Stubbes Anat. Abuses sig. Iiiiv Swilling, gulling & carowsing from one to another.
1618 N. Breton Court & Country (Grosart) 6/2 They..drinke and gull, laugh and be fat.
2. transitive. To gorge. Also reflexive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > excessive consumption of food or drink > eat or drink to excess [verb (transitive)] > feed (oneself) to excess
over-quatc1275
glutc1315
fill1340
stuffa1400
aglutc1400
agroten1440
grotenc1440
ingrotenc1440
sorporrc1440
replenisha1450
pegc1450
quatc1450
overgorgea1475
gorge1486
burst1530
cloy1530
saturate1538
enfarce1543
mast?1550
engluta1568
gull1582
ingurgitate1583
stall1583
forage1593
paunch1597
upbray1598
upbraid1599
surfeitc1600
surcharge1603
gormandize1604
overfeed1609
farcinate1634
repletiate1638
stodge1854
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 51 With ramd cramd garbadge, theire gorges draftye be gulled.
1604 T. Wright Passions of Minde (new ed.) v. §4. 274 Let us gull ourselves with eating and quaffing.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
gullv.2
/ɡʌl/, U.S. /ɡəl/ Now dialect and technical.
1.
a. transitive. Of water: To make channels or ruts in, to hollow out; to sweep away, wear down.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > erosion or weathering > erode [verb (transitive)] > cut channels or holes
gull1577
rout1726
wash1766
scour1773
gully1775
erode1830
gorge1849
ravine1858
ream1859
channel1862
canyon1878
to plough out1886
cañon1889
incise1893
runnel1920
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 44 They gult [sic] and marre the grounde with the deepe sincking of their feete treading in the Grasse, and breaking the Rootes.
1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) i. xix. iii. 148 [They] doo utterlie neglect to dich and scowre their draines and watercourses, for better avoidance of the winter waters..whereby the streets doo grow to be much more gulled than before.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 502 As the sea tydes gull down the bankes.
1721 J. Perry Acct. Stopping Daggenham Breach 105 An Accident that gull'd away the Earth in such manner, that was very near obliging me to cut down..my Dam.
1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 20 The Water..continued to sap and gull the Frames every Flood.
1876 in E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (1889) at Goal Th' rats hes maade a hoäle thrif th' bank, an' when Taacey taks in a tide, th' watter goäls it awaay.
1895 W. Rye Gloss. Words E. Anglia The bank has been gulled down by the freshes.
b. gen. of other things.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to waste away > wear away or down > so as to hollow
gull1796
1796 W. Felton Treat. Carriages (ed. 2) II. Suppl. 108 That part of the bottom plate of the perch against which it wears, after much use, is gulled.
1805 W. Hunter in Naval Chron. 13 40 One..shell came so near us as to gull our whale.
1857 P. M. Colquhoun Compan. Oarsman's Guide 30 The upper filling, which, when worn, is said to be gulled.
c. absol. or intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > erosion or weathering > erode [verb (intransitive)] > cut channels or holes
gull1587
gutter1632
cañon1851
1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. i. x. 31 Then breaketh there out another creeke from the maine sea, about Auant hauen, which gulleth vp almost to Portbridge.
1676 J. Evelyn Let. 8 Feb. in J. Aubrey Nat. Hist. Surrey (1719) I. sig. A4v In the Cart-Roats, where the Rains have gull'd.
1721 J. Perry Acct. Stopping Daggenham Breach 5 The Water then gull'd to such a depth..that there was no Remedy found for the mastery of it.
1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 61 The Piers..will always be in danger of the Water gulling underneath, and carrying away the Ground.
2. intransitive. To become worn away or hollowed out.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > waste away > wear > be worn down > and hollowed
gull1763
1763–6 W. Lewis Commercium Philosophico-technicum 227 The collars in which the axes of the rolls turned at each end, wore or gulled so fast, that the pressure continually diminished.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
gullv.3
/ɡʌl/, U.S. /ɡəl/ 1. transitive. To make a gull of; to dupe, cheat, befool, ‘take in’, deceive. Also absol., to practise cheating.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > befool, cheat, dupe [verb (transitive)]
belirtOE
bitruflea1250
begab1297
bobc1320
bedaffc1386
befool1393
mock1440
triflea1450
glaik?a1513
bedawa1529
fond?1529
allude1535
gulla1550
dolt1553
dor1570
poop1575
colt1579
foolify1581
assot1583
noddify1583
begecka1586
elude1594
wigeona1595
fool1598
noddy1600
fop1602
begull1605
waddle1606
woodcockize1611
bemocka1616
greasea1625
noddypoop1640
truff1657
bubble1668
cully1676
coaxc1679
dupe1704
to play off1712
noodle1769
idiotize1775
oxify1804
tomfool1835
sammyfoozle1837
trail1847
pipe lay1848
pigwidgeon1852
green1853
con1896
rib1912
shuck1959
a1550 Hye Way to Spyttel Ho. 427 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. IV. 45 They..do but gull, and folow beggery, Feynyng true doyng by ypocrysy.
1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 91 Cleanly coyned eyes, which some pleasant sportiue wittes haue deuised, to gull them most groselie.
1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus i. iv. 435 With those shreds of French..weele gull the world, that hath in estimation forraine Phisitians.
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets lxxxvi. sig. F2v That affable familiar ghost Which nightly gulls him with intelligence. View more context for this quotation
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 271 In the night time by some fire-workes in the steeple, they would have gulled the credulous people with opinion of miracle.
1624 F. Quarles Iob Militant viii. xvi See, how deceits Gull thee with golden fruit.
1635 L. Foxe North-west Fox sig. Kkv Guld with the false Sea cards or fabulous reports of strangers.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. vi. 296 People in those daies..would never have been gulled into so long a toleration..of them.
1701 D. Defoe True-born Englishman ii. 67 Not doubting I could gull the Government.
1808 W. Scott Fam. Lett. (1894) I. iv. 126 I care not for rewards..Neither is it easy to gull me with these fair promises.
1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller II. 47 Nothing is so easy as to gull the public, if you only set up a prodigy.
a1849 E. A. Poe Quacks of Helicon in Wks. (1864) IV. 412 The pertinacity of the effort to gull.
1861 Times 23 Aug. Gulled by this statement into the belief that [etc.].
1880 W. D. Howells Undiscovered Country iii. 54 You are perfectly safe to go on and gull imbeciles to the end of time, for all I care.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > perpetrate (a swindle) [verb (transitive)] > defraud or swindle > out of something
beguile1394
wrongc1484
delude1493
licka1500
to wipe a person's nose1577
uncle1585
cheat1597
cozen1602
to bob of1605
to bob out of1605
gull1612
foola1616
to set in the nick1616
to worm (a person) out of1617
shuffle1627
to baffle out of1652
chouse1654
trepan1662
bubble1668
trick1698
to bamboozle out of1705
fling1749
jockey1772
swindle1780
twiddle1825
to diddle out of1829
nig1829
to chisel out of1848
to beat out1851
nobble1852
duff1863
flim-flam1890
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist v. iv Hast thou gull'd her of her Iewels or her Bracelets? View more context for this quotation
1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 74 The Presbyterians had been gull'd of their King by the Independents.
1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 40 Those unperforming Creatures..had Gull'd them of their Money.
1783 P. Pott Chirurg. Wks. (new ed.) II. 188 The poor and credulous are gulled out of what little money they can spare.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1c1430n.21382n.31594n.41412
n.51495adj.a1300v.11530
v.21577v.3a1550