groofgrufen.adv.

/ɡruːf/

Forms: Middle English gruf(f, Middle English–1700s grouf(e, 1700s–1800s groof, Middle English gruffe, grouff(e, groffe, Middle English, 1600s growffe, 1500s growf(e, 1500s, 1800s grufe; also with prefixed prep. Middle English ogrufe, 1600s a-groufe, agruif, 1700s a grouf.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse grúfa.

Etymology: < Old Norse grúfa, in phrase á grúfu (in sense 1) = Swedish dialect å gruve ; the occurrence of f instead of the normal v is unexplained. Compare groveling n.

Obsolete exc. Scottish.

1. on grufe (rarely on the grufe): face downwards, in a prone position, grovelling. Compare agroof adv. Scottish and northern.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adverb] > prostrate or face down

groofc1374

on grufe (rarely on the grufe)c1375

grovellingsa1400

grovellingc1400

agroofc1425

womblonga1475

grovellingly1548

prostrately1556

grovellingwise1561

flatlong1570

pronely1578

on one's grufe1788

ventre à terre1960

c1375 Sc. Troy-bk. ii. 786 He ley before þe gret altere One gruff.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 3850 Than Gawayne gyrde to þe gome, and one þe groffe fallis.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 3869 Qwat gome was he..that es one growffe fallyne?

1483 Cath. Angl. 259/1 Ogrufe, supinvs.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 574 In angwys greiff on grouff so turned he.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. iv. 24 He ruschis..And fell on grouf abuf deid Pallas beyr.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 432 Sum on groufe la granand on the grene.

1568 in J. Small Poems W. Dunbar (1893) II. 328 Ly all on grufe, befoir that hich grand Roy.

a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) III. 574 During the time of which prayer the Erle of Morton lay on growffe upon his face.

2. on one's grufe: = sense 1. Scottish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adverb] > prostrate or face down

groofc1374

on grufe (rarely on the grufe)c1375

grovellingsa1400

grovellingc1400

agroofc1425

womblonga1475

grovellingly1548

prostrately1556

grovellingwise1561

flatlong1570

pronely1578

on one's grufe1788

ventre à terre1960

1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 127 Doun on their groof lay five or sax.

1827 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxx, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 112 Layin' mysel doon a' my length on my grufe and elbow.

1887 J. Service Life Dr. Duguid 245 Streekit on my grufe below some rowan tree.

3. as adv. (or predicative.adj.) On the face, on the belly; prone. (Cf. Swedish dialect ligga gruve.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adverb] > prostrate or face down

groofc1374

on grufe (rarely on the grufe)c1375

grovellingsa1400

grovellingc1400

agroofc1425

womblonga1475

grovellingly1548

prostrately1556

grovellingwise1561

flatlong1570

pronely1578

on one's grufe1788

ventre à terre1960

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 884 (912) She on here armes two Fil gruf, and gan to wepe pitously.

c1400 Rom. Rose 2561 Now dounward groffe, and now upright.

c1430 J. Lydgate Compl. Black Knight xxiv He thus lay in lamentacioun Gruffe on the grounde.

c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 656 She was aferde of the See, And layde her gruf upon a tre.

1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 70^v With toren tresse, and lying groufe Upon my face.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	groof
释义	groofgrufen.adv. /ɡruːf/ Forms: Middle English gruf(f, Middle English–1700s grouf(e, 1700s–1800s groof, Middle English gruffe, grouff(e, groffe, Middle English, 1600s growffe, 1500s growf(e, 1500s, 1800s grufe; also with prefixed prep. Middle English ogrufe, 1600s a-groufe, agruif, 1700s a grouf. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse grúfa. Etymology: < Old Norse grúfa, in phrase á grúfu (in sense 1) = Swedish dialect å gruve ; the occurrence of f instead of the normal v is unexplained. Compare groveling n. Obsolete exc. Scottish. 1. on grufe (rarely on the grufe): face downwards, in a prone position, grovelling. Compare agroof adv. Scottish and northern. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adverb] > prostrate or face down groofc1374 on grufe (rarely on the grufe)c1375 grovellingsa1400 grovellingc1400 agroofc1425 womblonga1475 grovellingly1548 prostrately1556 grovellingwise1561 flatlong1570 pronely1578 on one's grufe1788 ventre à terre1960 c1375 Sc. Troy-bk. ii. 786 He ley before þe gret altere One gruff. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 3850 Than Gawayne gyrde to þe gome, and one þe groffe fallis. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 3869 Qwat gome was he..that es one growffe fallyne? 1483 Cath. Angl. 259/1 Ogrufe, supinvs. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 574 In angwys greiff on grouff so turned he. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. iv. 24 He ruschis..And fell on grouf abuf deid Pallas beyr. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 432 Sum on groufe la granand on the grene. 1568 in J. Small Poems W. Dunbar (1893) II. 328 Ly all on grufe, befoir that hich grand Roy. a1651 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) III. 574 During the time of which prayer the Erle of Morton lay on growffe upon his face. 2. on one's grufe: = sense 1. Scottish. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adverb] > prostrate or face down groofc1374 on grufe (rarely on the grufe)c1375 grovellingsa1400 grovellingc1400 agroofc1425 womblonga1475 grovellingly1548 prostrately1556 grovellingwise1561 flatlong1570 pronely1578 on one's grufe1788 ventre à terre1960 1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 127 Doun on their groof lay five or sax. 1827 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxx, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 112 Layin' mysel doon a' my length on my grufe and elbow. 1887 J. Service Life Dr. Duguid 245 Streekit on my grufe below some rowan tree. 3. as adv. (or predicative.adj.) On the face, on the belly; prone. (Cf. Swedish dialect ligga gruve.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of lying down or reclining > [adverb] > prostrate or face down groofc1374 on grufe (rarely on the grufe)c1375 grovellingsa1400 grovellingc1400 agroofc1425 womblonga1475 grovellingly1548 prostrately1556 grovellingwise1561 flatlong1570 pronely1578 on one's grufe1788 ventre à terre1960 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 884 (912) She on here armes two Fil gruf, and gan to wepe pitously. c1400 Rom. Rose 2561 Now dounward groffe, and now upright. c1430 J. Lydgate Compl. Black Knight xxiv He thus lay in lamentacioun Gruffe on the grounde. c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 656 She was aferde of the See, And layde her gruf upon a tre. 1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 70^v With toren tresse, and lying groufe Upon my face. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adv.c1374
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