gubernationn.

Brit.

/ˌɡuːbəˈneɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌɡubərˈneɪʃən/

Forms: late Middle English gubernacion, late Middle English–1500s gubernacyon, 1500s–1800s gubernation; also Scottish pre-1700 gubernacioune, pre-1700 gubernatioun, pre-1700 gubernatioune.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from French. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French gubernation; Latin gubernātiōn-, gubernātiō.

Etymology: Probably partly (i) < Middle French gubernacion, gubernation control, rule, government (last third of the 14th cent. or earlier), probably an alteration of gouvernacion , gouvernation governation n. after classical Latin gubernāre govern v., and partly (ii) < classical Latin gubernātiōn-, gubernātiō action or practice of steering, direction, control, in post-classical Latin also government, administration (3rd cent.; plural in Vulgate) < gubernāt- , past participial stem of gubernāre govern v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier governation n. N.E.D. (1900) gives the pronunciation as (giūbəɹneⁱ·ʃən) /ɡjuːbəˈneɪʃən/.

Now rare.

The action or fact of governing (in various senses); guidance, control; rule, government.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > [noun] > action or act of

ruling?c1225

governingc1384

governancec1400

government?c1400

gubernationc1450

regence?1457

regencya1475

subjectionc1475

regimenc1485

administration1516

signorizing1588

ministry1700

c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) l. 964 (MED) Epaphus..hadd the gubernacion Of all Egypt [L. Egiptiorum regis], with Qwene Cassyopea.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 33 These men be the lxx^ti interpretatores, whiche instructe lawe and psalmes of the cognicion of oon God, and gubernacion [L. gubernatione] of theire realme.

?c1500 Mary Magdalene (Digby) l. 200 Yf we hem gett onder ower gubernacyon.

1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) i. vi. sig. e.v ^v Appereth clerely that the creacyon and gubernacyon of all the worlde..proceden of all the blessyd trynyte.

1560 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 191 I will that my said brother..[have] the gubernac'on and custodie of the said xl^s. a pece, amownting to the sume of vj^l. duringe the minorities of the thre childeren.

1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 234 If you will..gouerne this Earledom very well, begin the gubernation in your selfe.

1635 Bp. F. White Treat. Sabbath-day Ep. Ded. 12 The adversaries of the Prelacie contend, that Episcopall gubernation is prohibited by Christ.

1653 T. Gataker Vindic. Annot. Jer. 10.2 97 There was no suspition of a supernatural gubernation or direction.

1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. xvi. 226 There is little or nothing in the Government of the Kingdoms of Nature, and grace, but what is..employed as a Medium or conscious Instrument of this extensive Gubernation.

?1794 ‘Earnestus’ Triune Affinity of Jehovah Vindicated 25 So great is his mercy towards them that fear him, whose gubernation over the minutest concern declares his omnipresence and greatness.

1851 G. S. Faber Many Mansions iii. vii. 291 Worship him, all ye Angels, who are delegated Gods, or Gods by holding the office of superior gubernation.

1879 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Sentinel 19 Apr. 4/5 After three days' official life Ramierz resigned, giving place to Trenidad Garcia, minister of gubernation.

2004 R. Dunning Victoria Hist. County of Somerset VIII. 108/1 In 1986 Balliol college waived the ‘gubernation’ in favour of Huntspill parochial church council for the benefit of its church building fund.

Compounds

gubernation money n. Oxford University (now historical) a term for certain payments made to the Master of Balliol.One such payment was for the care of exhibitioners, under the terms of a foundation established by John Snell of Ayrshire in 1677, and one (enacted 1777–8) in lieu of holding the rectory of Huntspill in Somerset (compare quot. 2004 at main sense).

ΚΠ

1831 Rep. Royal Comm. Universities Scotl. 237 (table) in Parl. Papers (H.C. 310) XII. 111 To the Master of Balliol, for gubernation money..£.31 s.15.

1882 Statutes Univ. Oxf. 185 This stipend shall be in addition to the allowance made to the Master out of the income of the Snell Trust Fund under the name of Gubernation money.

1997 A. Kenny Life in Oxf. x. 106 The parishioners offered to pay future Masters three hundred pounds a year, to be called gubernation money, on condition that they never again presented themselves to the living.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	gubernation
释义	gubernationn. Brit. /ˌɡuːbəˈneɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌɡubərˈneɪʃən/ Forms: late Middle English gubernacion, late Middle English–1500s gubernacyon, 1500s–1800s gubernation; also Scottish pre-1700 gubernacioune, pre-1700 gubernatioun, pre-1700 gubernatioune. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably partly a borrowing from French. Probably partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French gubernation; Latin gubernātiōn-, gubernātiō. Etymology: Probably partly (i) < Middle French gubernacion, gubernation control, rule, government (last third of the 14th cent. or earlier), probably an alteration of gouvernacion , gouvernation governation n. after classical Latin gubernāre govern v., and partly (ii) < classical Latin gubernātiōn-, gubernātiō action or practice of steering, direction, control, in post-classical Latin also government, administration (3rd cent.; plural in Vulgate) < gubernāt- , past participial stem of gubernāre govern v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier governation n. N.E.D. (1900) gives the pronunciation as (giūbəɹneⁱ·ʃən) /ɡjuːbəˈneɪʃən/. Now rare. The action or fact of governing (in various senses); guidance, control; rule, government. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > [noun] > action or act of ruling?c1225 governingc1384 governancec1400 government?c1400 gubernationc1450 regence?1457 regencya1475 subjectionc1475 regimenc1485 administration1516 signorizing1588 ministry1700 c1450 tr. G. Boccaccio De Claris Mulieribus (1924) l. 964 (MED) Epaphus..hadd the gubernacion Of all Egypt [L. Egiptiorum regis], with Qwene Cassyopea. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 33 These men be the lxx^ti interpretatores, whiche instructe lawe and psalmes of the cognicion of oon God, and gubernacion [L. gubernatione] of theire realme. ?c1500 Mary Magdalene (Digby) l. 200 Yf we hem gett onder ower gubernacyon. 1502 tr. Ordynarye of Crysten Men (de Worde) i. vi. sig. e.v ^v Appereth clerely that the creacyon and gubernacyon of all the worlde..proceden of all the blessyd trynyte. 1560 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 191 I will that my said brother..[have] the gubernac'on and custodie of the said xl^s. a pece, amownting to the sume of vj^l. duringe the minorities of the thre childeren. 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 234 If you will..gouerne this Earledom very well, begin the gubernation in your selfe. 1635 Bp. F. White Treat. Sabbath-day Ep. Ded. 12 The adversaries of the Prelacie contend, that Episcopall gubernation is prohibited by Christ. 1653 T. Gataker Vindic. Annot. Jer. 10.2 97 There was no suspition of a supernatural gubernation or direction. 1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. xvi. 226 There is little or nothing in the Government of the Kingdoms of Nature, and grace, but what is..employed as a Medium or conscious Instrument of this extensive Gubernation. ?1794 ‘Earnestus’ Triune Affinity of Jehovah Vindicated 25 So great is his mercy towards them that fear him, whose gubernation over the minutest concern declares his omnipresence and greatness. 1851 G. S. Faber Many Mansions iii. vii. 291 Worship him, all ye Angels, who are delegated Gods, or Gods by holding the office of superior gubernation. 1879 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Daily Sentinel 19 Apr. 4/5 After three days' official life Ramierz resigned, giving place to Trenidad Garcia, minister of gubernation. 2004 R. Dunning Victoria Hist. County of Somerset VIII. 108/1 In 1986 Balliol college waived the ‘gubernation’ in favour of Huntspill parochial church council for the benefit of its church building fund. Compounds gubernation money n. Oxford University (now historical) a term for certain payments made to the Master of Balliol.One such payment was for the care of exhibitioners, under the terms of a foundation established by John Snell of Ayrshire in 1677, and one (enacted 1777–8) in lieu of holding the rectory of Huntspill in Somerset (compare quot. 2004 at main sense). ΚΠ 1831 Rep. Royal Comm. Universities Scotl. 237 (table) in Parl. Papers (H.C. 310) XII. 111 To the Master of Balliol, for gubernation money..£.31 s.15. 1882 Statutes Univ. Oxf. 185 This stipend shall be in addition to the allowance made to the Master out of the income of the Snell Trust Fund under the name of Gubernation money. 1997 A. Kenny Life in Oxf. x. 106 The parishioners offered to pay future Masters three hundred pounds a year, to be called gubernation money, on condition that they never again presented themselves to the living. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1450
随便看	tick-tacking tick-tick tick-ticking tick-tock tick-tocking tick-trefoil tick-weed tickatack tickatick tickbean tickbird tickbirds tickborne tickborne fever tickeater ticked ticked off tickel ticken tickens ticker ticker tape tickers ticket ticket agency