groundworkn.
/ˈɡraʊndwəːk/ 1.
a. The solid base on which an edifice or other structure is built; foundation. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > low position > [noun] > condition of being placed under > that which lies under > base on which a thing rests
staddlea900
groundc950
base?c1335
standinga1382
foundation1398
basingc1400
bottom1440
subjecta1500
groundworka1557
basis?a1560
pedestal1563
understand1580
footwork1611
centrea1616
underwork1624
skaddle1635
substructure1641
foot piece1657
pediment1660
seat1661
sedes1662
under-warp1668
plantationa1680
terrace1735
substructure1789
footing1791
seating1805
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > foundation(s)
staddlea900
ground-stathelnessa1300
foundation1398
groundsel1433
ground-pinning1448
underpinning1538
groundworka1557
footing1611
substruction1624
under-filling1624
substructure1726
found1818
pinninga1825
well1832
soling1838
masonite1840
ground-statheling-
a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) xxv. 34 Sins ye groundworkes of ye world weer laied.
1562 Bp. J. Pilkington Expos. Abdyas 49 Thei could not pearce the hard stones of the grounde worke, beinge so many, harde, depe, and stronge.
1591 E. Spenser tr. J. du Bellay Visions viii, in Complaints sig. Y3v A riuer swift, whose fomy billowes Did wash the ground work of an old great wall.
1611 C. Tourneur Atheist's Trag. (new ed.) v. sig. K3 Like the falling noise of some great building when the ground-worke breakes.
1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo 5 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors The Ground-work of it [Cyrus's Palace] is twenty two Geometrical feet in height.
1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 139 The first Course of the Ground-work.
1891 J. C. Atkinson Last of Giant-killers 96 They..had dug out the foundations, and got the ground~work laid.
b. figurative. The basis or foundation of something immaterial.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > basis or foundation > [noun]
ground1340
root1340
substancec1384
fundament1395
foundationc1400
groundment?a1412
footing1440
anvila1450
bottom ground1557
groundwork1557
foot1559
platform1568
subsistence1586
subject matter1600
ground-colour1614
basisa1616
substratum1631
basement1637
bottoma1639
fonda1650
fibre1656
fund1671
fundamen1677
substruction1765
starting ground1802
fundus1839
1557 Bible (Whittingham) Ep. *iv The Lord Iesvs, which was the groundeworke and substance therof.
1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke ii. ii. 108 The groundworke and beginnings of medicine depend upon them.
1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. §33. 243 God's promises are the most proper ground-worke of faith.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 62. ¶8 No Thought can be valuable, of which good Sense is not the Ground-work.
1774 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Wks. (1859) I. App. 139 These..still form the basis or groundwork of the Common law.
1817 W. Scott Rob Roy I. i. 9 Some things..I must recal to your memory, because..they afford the ground-work of my destiny.
1856 A. P. Stanley Sinai & Palestine (1858) xiii. 433 A ground~work of historical and geographical fact.
1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 61 The grand moral qualities which formed the groundwork of the Roman character.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > [noun] > a plan or diagram > plan drawing
platform?1544
groundwork1574
ground-plota1586
projecture1610
profile1665
protraction1669
inspection1694
pantarch1694
plan view1847
stereogram1868
planform1937
1574 R. Scot Perfite Platf. of Hoppe Garden (1578) 48 The grounde worke hereof is so set out here, that anye Carpenter will easily frame the whole house by the same fygure.
3.
a. The body or foundation on which other parts are overlaid, or on which they rest for display, as in embroidery work, painting, and the like.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > low position > [noun] > condition of being placed under > that which lies under > underlying layer > on which parts are overlaid for display
fonda1650
groundwork1658
1658 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 2nd Pt. 402 In needle-work, the sad ground-work is laid, before the beautiful colours.
1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 276 Cushions of flower'd Satin, the ground-work thereof Gold and Silver.
1693 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Metamorphoses i, in Examen Poeticum 15 A way there is, in Heavens expanded Plain, Which..Mortals, by the Name of Milky, know. The Ground-work is of Stars.
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Ground-work, the base color on which the painting is performed.
1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 221 Where there was fine embroidery or other work the effect was spoilt by..common material for ground-work.
b. The principal ingredient in anything. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > constituent part or component > principal
ingredienta1616
groundwork1822
1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. May 405/2 There is a composition, the ground-work of which I have understood to be the sweet wood 'yclept sassafras.
4. † a. Working in earth. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun]
earth-tilthOE
earth-tillingOE
tilling?c1225
delving1377
laboura1393
land-tillingc1420
culturec1450
tilthing1495
labouring1523
manurea1547
manuring1550
digging1552
cultivation1553
tilth1565
manurance1572
agriculture1583
nithering1599
culturation1606
gainor1607
delvage1610
agricolation1623
gainage1625
cultivage1632
manurementa1639
groundwork1655
fieldwork1656
proscission1656
field labour1661
manuragea1670
subduing1776
management1799
subjugation1800
geopony1808
clodhopping1847
agriculturism1885
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xxi. 292 I permit unto true labourers and workmen to feed often..if their work be ground-work or very toilsome.
b. (See quot. 1875.)
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Ground-work, the preparation of ground for the foundation of a structure, or giving it the required contour for any other purpose.
5. Cricket. = ground-fielding n. at ground n. Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > fielding > [noun] > types of fielding
long-stopping1832
outfielding1851
pointing1863
ground-fielding1884
groundwork1898
outwork1899
glovework1906
slip-fielding1906
1898 K. S. Ranjitsinhji With Stoddart's Team (ed. 4) iv. 79 The catching of the team was far better than the ground work.
1905 Westm. Gaz. 19 Sept. 3/1 The ground~work was always splendid, and the throwing a joy to behold.
6. Boxing and Judo. Physical exercises performed by a sportsman whilst lying on the ground.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > training > [noun]
training1581
work1846
training session1850
overtraining1856
roadwork1856
cross-training1903
groundwork1906
sweat1916
repetition1919
repetition running1955
weight training1955
circuit training1957
interval running1957
interval training1962
repetition training1965
brick1996
1906 T. Miyake & Y. Tani Game of Ju-Jitsu (ed. 2) vi. 40 Ground-work cannot be described as systematically as standing work... Ju-jitsu ground-work is merely the proper use of the legs.
1948 D. S. Lister Boxing 24 Gymnasium training..consists of..top work, ground work and, of course, boxing.
1954 E. Dominy Teach Yourself Judo vii. 77 Groundwork ability is seldom related to the ability of the judoka with the standing up side of the sport.
Derivatives
ΚΠ
a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) vii. 25 It fel not for it was ground~wrought on a rock.
a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) xiii. 35 Thinges hiden sins ye world was groundwrought.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
<
n.a1557