applicationn.
/ˌaplᵻˈkeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌæpləˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ 1.
a. The action of bringing something to bear upon another with practical results; the action of causing something to affect another; an instance of this.
ΚΠ
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. xxvii. 336 Bicause of bindinge and onynge þat þe soule haþ wiþ þe body disposiciouns and passiouns þat springeþ of þe body reboundiþ in þe soule by a maner applicacioun [L. applicationem] of þe fleisch.
a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 70 The wertu of þat haly passioun..he has ordand to be apliit to ws be þe applicacioun of the sevin sacramentis of þe kyrk.
1645 King Charles I in His Majesties Gracious Message for Peace sig. A2 The constant application of His earnest endeavours to finde some expedient for the speedy ending of these unhappy Distractions.
1724 J. Lyons Infallibility Human Judgment (ed. 4) Suppl. i. 129 Attaining truth by the simple Application of common sense.
1767 Crit. Rev. Nov. 374 By the application of algebra and the higher calculus, the principal properties of spherical triangles are investigated in a very curious and concise manner.
1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty ii. 53 A sufficient application of legal or even of social penalties.
1888 H. Chaytor Secrets National Finance xv. 86 Permanent officials may..have no practical experience themselves of the practical application of finance to trade.
1902 Times 2 June 4/5 Here is a case in which the application of a little sanctified common sense may save the situation.
1933 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 17 1129 Northeastern Texas..is an excellent example of the application of paleogeology to the problem of the accumulation of oil and gas.
2015 Guardian 21 Oct. 35/5 She eagerly embraced the ever-evolving techniques of the application of DNA to archaeozoology.
b. Theology. The action of bringing the benefits of redemption to bear on the heart of the believer; an instance of this. Now rare (chiefly historical).
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1546 R. Smith Def. Blessed Masse f. clxxv The masse..is an application of that Christes meryte.
?1548 M. Coverdale in tr. J. Calvin Faythfvl Treat. Sacrament (new ed.) sig. Avijv We must beleue yt theyr receauynge of it [sc. the sacrament] is the application of Christes merites to vs.
a1602 W. Perkins Godly & Learned Expos. Serm. in Mount (1608) 515 Application, is when we conceiue in our hearts a true perswasion of Gods mercie towards vs particularly in the free pardon of all our sinnes.
1647 Humble Advice Assembly of Divines conc. Shorter Catech. (new ed.) 13 The effectual application of it to us by his Holy Spirit.
1656 J. Bramhall Replic. to Bishop of Chalcedon ii. 99 The holy Eucharist is..an application of the all-sufficient propitiatory Sacrifice of the Crosse.
1751 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 7) (at cited word) It is by this application of the merits of Christ, that we are to be justified.
1846 G. W. Bethune Sermons iii. 69 We must make a personal application of the merits of Christ.
1981 Harvard Theol. Rev. 74 218 The Church of England differs from the Church of Rome about the nature or essence of the merits of Christ..and the number and power of the means or sacraments which God requires for the effectual application of them.
2014 R. Kolb in R. Kolb et al. Oxf. Handbk. Martin Luther's Theol. xii. 171 The nature of the gospel as a promise of forgiveness and new life became the heart of Luther's operative application of the benefits won by Christ for sinners through his death and resurrection.
2.
a. The administration or employment of a therapeutic treatment or a medicinal substance; spec. the spreading of a medicated ointment or lotion on the skin; an instance of this; a medication applied in this way.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > [noun] > a cure or remedy
leechcraftc888
leechdoma900
bootOE
helpc1000
pigment?a1200
remedya1382
medicinea1393
application?a1425
sanativec1440
healer?1523
recovery1576
curative1577
mithridate1587
cure1623
presidy1657
therapeutic1842
therapeutical1845
the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > action of providing or supplying
usea1382
purveyancea1387
administration?a1425
application?a1425
ministration?a1425
purveying1442
findingc1449
administering1468
liveryc1475
storing1494
furnishing1496
nourishinga1530
ministering1530
conference1545
applial1548
affording1574
supplying1586
supplyment1589
accommodation1612
suppeditation1612
furniturea1649
supplial1738
purveyal1877
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > [noun] > administration of treatment
administration?a1425
application?a1425
medicining?a1425
ministration?a1425
ministering1530
physicking1610
exhibiting1620
adhibition1654
exhibition1785
medicamenting1823
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 1v (MED) And þat afore þe applicacioun [L. applicationem].
1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. ii. f. 38/2 And he feared the application of the oyntment, bycause of the payne.
1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount i. f. 14 It [sc. an ointment] healeth also all other accidentes, wherupon you make any outwarde application.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. ii. 74 The rest haue worne me out With seuerall applications . View more context for this quotation
1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 152 Application Of Med'cines, to th' Imagination.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Application of a Vesicatory to the Neck or other part, produces an Irritation of the Bladder.
1767 T. Percival Ess. Med. & Exper. iv. 204 The application of a blister to a neighbouring part, will sometimes produce a resolution of the disease.
1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 131 I began again to try some medicated applications.
1881 Girl's Own Paper 4 June 571 Rheumatic pains..cured by the application..of spirits of camphor.
1922 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 23 96/1 Repeat the application of lotion until the denuded area is thoroughly healed.
1977 Valley News (Van Nuys, Calif.) 3 Feb. 2/1 The program calls for the application of electrical shock to patients who inflict life-threatening injuries to themselves.
2006 Jrnl. Neuropathol. & Experim. Neurol. 65 1031 Ultimately, the most robust markers will enable the application of more specific treatments particular to disease stages or subcategories.
b. The laying or spreading of a (soft or liquid) substance on to a surface; an instance of this.
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1743 Sel. Trans. Soc. Improvers Knowl. Agric. Scotl. xv. 123 The Application of Manure, in that Case, only strengthens and forwards their Growth.
1823 J. Neal Randolph I. 66 This plaster is cunningly managed, by the application of gray paint, to look like stone.
1879 Printing Trades Jrnl. 26 17 The process of lithography consists essentially in the application of a greasy ink on to a damp stone.
1939 W. Clemence Man. Postercraft xii. 92 Good quality paints..blend well, are smooth of application, and dry in excellent time.
1994 Canad. Select Homes Oct. 28/3 The dining-room chairs..were finished..by an application of light blue semigloss mixed with equal parts of paint thinner.
2003 Daily Mail (Nexis) 25 Feb. 40 She resorted to liberal application of foundation, hence the orange complexion.
3.
a. The action of putting something to a use or purpose; specific use, employment; an instance of this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > [noun] > putting to a specific use
application1447
appliance1555
appliancy?1556
applyment1561
adaptation1597
applicature1652
applicate1852
devotion1861
1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 5324 Magdalena..betoknyth..‘gylty’, ‘streynghthyd’, & ‘wurthy of degre’; Wych thre þingys by dew applycacyoun Mown clerly shewyn what was she Beforn & yn & aftyr hyr conuercyoun.
a1500 (a1475) G. Ashby Dicta Philosophorum 761 in Poems (1899) 77 (MED) Wisdam must haue grete applicacion In meche redyng and other laboracion.
a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 6 Wythout applycatyon of hyt to any use, or profyt of other.
1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie xi. 237, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) I haue heard the partie much discommended, for the application of these immoderate and superlatiue termes.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. B2 That we make application of our knowledge to giue our selues repose and contentment. View more context for this quotation
1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation i. xvii. 74/2 These Instructions being sufficient for the application and use of the Field-Book.
1737 D. Waterland Rev. Doctr. Eucharist 124 They are..no more common Bread and Wine (at least not during this their sacred Application).
1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 87 The application which is made of the loadstone to navigation.
1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) v. 68 The application of labour and capital.
1890 A. Conan Doyle Sign of Four i. 11 ‘I weary you with my hobby.’ ‘Not at all,’ I answered earnestly. ‘It is of the greatest interest to me, especially since I have had the opportunity of observing your practical application of it.’
1907 E. R. Dewsnup Housing Probl. in Eng. xi. 227 Local Authorities..have hesitated to shoulder the financial burden that would result from any general application of the powers of slum clearance placed at their disposal by statute law.
1990 R. Dillmann in U. Rembold Robot Technol. & Applic. i. 41 Robots are used in the aerospace industry... Typical applications are riveting, sealing, spray painting, and metal routing.
2010 W. L. Cleghorn Mech. Machines (Internat. ed.) xi. 428 An iris mechanism has application in controlling the amount of light allowed through camera lenses.
b. The employment of a word to express an idea or refer to a thing; the use of a word in a particular sense.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > semantics > meaning or signification > [noun] > employment of word to express an idea
application1549
1549 J. Proctor Fal of Late Arrian sig. O.vii I mought proue that the father is not God: because in Deute. iiii. he is called ignis: and Eccle. xxxix. Fluuius: and Hiere. ii. Fons with dyuerse other names applyed vnto hym in the Scritpures. The application of whiche names, aswell prouethe the father not to be God, as the son.
1603 H. Clapham Three Partes Salomon Song of Songs Expounded iii. ix. 180 The word including, is such an application of the word, as it includeth the fox or subtile aduersarie within the outward league of the Church.
1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. 2 It seemes our Knight (pardon the application) made his Lands Errant before himselfe.
1728 Bp. P. Browne Procedure Human Understanding ii. viii. 327 The Application of the Word Εἶς to God as it denotes his incomprehensible Unity only, is clear and easy.
1788 T. Reid Ess. Active Powers Man i. ii. 517 Instances of the application of active verbs to things which we now believe not to be active.
1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 1038 Another application of the word occurs in the practice of joinery.
1896 Argosy Jan. 396/1 What a contrast its meaning to us with its original application.
1938 Classical Philol. 33 306 Presumably the slowly undulating movements of both ‘worm’ and ‘wave’ formed the semantic link between such apparently diverse applications of the term σκώληξ.
1981 Philos. Q. 31 108 The names of sensations..are what Wittgenstein would call ‘family resemblance’ words—that is, words whose application is not sharply delineated.
2006 Times (Nexis) 30 Jan. 4 The application of the term ‘cool’ is determined wholly by the interests and concerns of the in-group.
c. Linguistics. The whole range of senses or contexts in which a particular lexical item is used, esp. with regard to its semantic correspondence with an item in another language. Cf. extension n. 8b.
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1954 M. A. Pei & F. Gaynor Dict. Linguistics 16 Application, the extensional meaning..of a word or term.
1968 J. Lyons Introd. Theoret. Linguistics ix. iv. 434 When items of different languages can be put into correspondence with one another on the basis of..common features and situations in the cultures in which they operate, we may say that the items have the same application.
1992 Internat. Encycl. Ling. IV. 141/2 It is natural and customary, in temporal semantics.., to relativize or ‘index’ such extensional semantic notions as reference, application, and truth value to times.
2009 S. Bernecker Memory vi. 162 We can agree with Burge that ‘arthritis’ as used by S and his doctor has the same application conditions since they are members of the same linguistic community.
d. Computing. A piece of software designed to perform a specific function other than one relating to the operation of the computer itself; an application program; (in early use also) a function performed by such a piece of software. Frequently contrasted with utility n. 4d, system program n. at system n. Compounds 3a. Cf. app n. 2.In later use frequently with distinguishing word, as graphics application, web application, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program
application1959
applications program1959
application software1961
applications software1963
application program1964
CAD-CAM1971
mailer1976
app1981
1959 J. Jeenel Programming for Digital Computers ix. 419 This approach to a file maintenance application implies that a number, or ‘batch’ of transactions is collected and sorted into the order of the master file.
1971 Publishers' Weekly 9 Aug. 24/3 The advantage of random access disc storage is that all required files for a specific application will be on-line to the computer when that application is being processed.
1994 MacUser Aug. 105/1 Almost any laser printer, coupled with a word-processing, page-layout, or graphics application, allows you to..print a huge image as a series of single pages.
1999 Daily Mirror 10 Dec. 60 The latest memory-intensive web applications may look good but can take an age to download.
2015 J. Frith Smartphone as Locative Media vii. 96 Compared to 99 percent of the applications available in the Apple and Google app stores, Foursquare has been a huge success.
4.
a. The bringing of a general or figurative statement, a theory, principle, etc., to bear on a particular case, or on matters of practice in general; an instance of this. Also: the practical lesson or moral of a fable, parable, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > relevance or pertinence > [noun] > an instance of
application?1495
pertinency1654
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > fiction > [noun] > plot > moral
application?1495
moral1560
under-moral1712
epimyth1866
?1495 J. Lydgate St. Petronilla (Pynson) l. 129 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 158 Take of this mater an applycacion.
1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 4th Serm. sig. N.iiiv I wyll trouble you but halfe a quarter of an howre, in ye application of the parable.
1607 B. Jonson Volpone Ep. Ded. sig. ¶2v Application, is now, growne a Trade with many; and there are, that professe to haue a Key for the deciphering of euery thing. View more context for this quotation
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 143 The application of the Law to the present case.
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. ii. vii. 251 A Fable or Parable, related without any Application or Moral.
1769 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) I. i. 15 The facts..are too notorious to require an application.
1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xvi. 190 Christian applications which flow out of this exposition.
1882 A. Macfarlane Consanguinity 2 I wish to present the method, and some applications.
1912 B. Russell Probl. Philos. x. 165 Although our general proposition is a priori, all its applications to actual particulars involve experience.
1993 M. Mayer R. M. Hutchins xxii. 330 The moralist demanded the application of the moral principle of social justice to a capitalist institution in a capitalist country.
2015 Science 16 Jan. 228/3 Difficulties..were resolved—on the recommendation of John Farey, one of Smith's pupils and friends—by an application of Smithian principles.
b. The quality or capacity of being brought to bear on particular cases; relevance, valid reference.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > relevance or pertinence > [noun]
pertinency1603
pertinence1610
touch1612
applicability1644
applicableness1647
relevancy1678
pertinentness1727
application1731
relevance1787
applicancy1808
extendibility1820
generality1830
germaneness1872
pointfulness1897
aboutness1906
1731 J. Forbes Eminent Char. Judge or Counsellor 64 It cannot be imagined that these Words can have no Application to after Cases.
1777 London Rev. Eng. & Foreign Lit. June 477 The answer to the objections to the authenticity of the letters is like many other answers, defective in bearing no application to the question.
1781 in tr. J. J. Rossignol Elem. Geom. p. iv The Elements of Euclid..have a..universality of application.
1805 Times 7 Mar. 2/4 The Act furnishes means of very powerful efficiency, and of very general application.
1842 H. Rogers Introd. Burke's Wks. 85 Matter which..is of universal application.
1854 M. Faraday Exper. Res. lv. 473 It has not that generality of application which can make it of any value.
1924 J. B. Cohen Pract. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) 472 The method used by Gabriel for introducing an amino group into fatty acids has had a wide application.
1955 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 61 194/2 It is quite clear that what he has to say has no application whatever to such formulations as those of the spokesmen mentioned above.
2005 Scotsman (Nexis) 20 Aug. 54 Some [options] will have wide application, others might only be suitable on occasion.
5. † b. An object of assiduous attention. Obsolete.
a. The action or habit of applying oneself closely (to a task, etc.); assiduous effort, attention, diligence.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [noun] > studious care or diligence
yernfulnesseOE
swinkfulnessOE
diligencec1374
applying?c1430
diligencya1513
diligentness1530
sedulity1542
application1543
assiduity1605
sedulousness1622
navity1623
assiduousness1637
intention1638
apply1681
perdiligence1694
painstakingness1917
1543 T. Becon New Yeares Gyfte sig. E.viv Studiously and wythe all applicacion of mynde to followe the doctrine of thys oure techer.
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man iv. f. 62 v The good successe of such cures, purchased more by the benefite of nature, then their rare experience, or singular application.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Tt3v The Tendernesse and want of application in some of the most auncient..Philosophers. View more context for this quotation
1693 tr. J. Le Clerc Mem. Count Teckely iii. 84 They had lately block'd up the Place with more Application than ever.
1716 A. Pope Corr. 22 June (1956) I. 343 I am obliged..to give up my whole application to Homer.
1779 J. Moore View Society & Manners France II. 153 Some application to other studies.
1813 C. Lamb in Philanthropist Jan. 54 Application for ever so short a time kills me.
1892 S. Baring-Gould In Roar of Sea I. i. 7 Jamie is not so silly and troublesome as you think. All he needs is application. He cannot screw his mind down to his books—to any serious occupation.
1917 School Rev. 25 644 [The pupils] lacked application, and consequently the results were poor.
1966 H. Moore On Sculpt. 187 A tremendous amount of application went into the painting of them.
2007 J. Dunmore From Venus to Antarctica ii. 15 The young man's keenness and his application to his studies impressed her captain.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [noun] > studious care or diligence > the object of
application1704
1704 R. Steele Lying Lover i. 9 There's an Intimate of mine, a General Officer, who has often said, Tom, if thou would'st but stick to any one Application, thou might'st be any thing.
1739 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) IV. 80 He made it his sole application to gain their affections.
1780 J.-M. Leprince de Beaumont Young Ladies Mag. (new ed.) 2 xxxiii. 291 His study and chief application was to keep up order.
6. Astrology. The action of a celestial object in appearing to approach another (as viewed from the earth).
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > [noun] > approach
application1546
appulse1684
1546 tr. A. P. Gasser Prognostication sig. c.vii For the habitation of ye Moone in the fygure coniunctional and for the application of her, a lytell after the same coniunction to a quadrate aspecte of Saturne, the price of necessary foode shall rather diminish then encreace.
1595 J. Davis Seamans Secrets i. sig. A3v The quantitie of the Moones seperation and application to and from the Sunne.
1647 W. Lilly Christian Astrol. xix. 108 Application is when two Planets are drawing neere together.
1723 R. Ball Astrol. Improv'd (ed. 2) i. 67 The Third sort of Application, is when one Planet is Direct, and another Planet Retrograde.
1819 J. Wilson Compl. Dict. Astrol. 10 Application is stronger than Separation, either for good or evil.
1960 M. E. Jones Essent. Astrol. Anal. ii. 312 The only quintile in the wheel is created by the application of Venus to this planet [sc. Jupiter].
1998 A. Louis Horary Astrology v. 95 We see yet another confirmation in the application of the Moon (which always co-rules the querent) to a conjunction with Venus.
2013 Llewellyn's 2014 Daily Planetary Guide 81 It cannot override the difficulties shown by..the Moon's application to a square of Saturn.
7.
a. The action of putting a thing up against or in close proximity with another thing; the action of bringing something into material or effective contact with something else.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > [noun] > contiguity > bringing into contiguity
touchingc1390
apposition?1541
application1562
abutment1859
appropinquation1864
1562 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli 3rd Pt. Secretes Alexis of Piemont sig. A.ivv It helpeth muche..to annoynt therewith the soore place, with the application of newe shorne or vnwashed wulle.
1632 R. Sanderson 12 Serm. 278 The fit applycation of the one to the other.
1661 R. Boyle Hist. Fluidity & Firmnesse i, in Certain Physiol. Ess. 159 Camphire may by a dexterous application of heat be brought in close glasses both to flow and to boyl almost like Oyl.
1683 J. Ray Corr. (1848) 131 By the application of a lighted candle.
1735 T. Dallowe tr. H. Boerhaave Elements Chem. I. ii. 192 Alcohol will not easily be set on fire without the application of Flame to it.
1753 R. Colborne Plain Eng. Dispensatory 130/2 Quicksilver and other Minerals; which..may, upon the Application of Heat, be made to fly away.
1854 J. Scoffern in Orr's Circle Sci., Chem. Chem. 333 The application of..heat to the bulb.
1879 W. Thomson & P. G. Tait Treat. Nat. Philos. (new ed.) I: Pt. i. §218 The place of application of a force.
1917 H. W. Conn Bacteria, Yeasts, & Molds in Home (rev. ed.) xiii. 191 By sterilization, strictly speaking, is meant the application of sufficient heat to kill all bacteria present in the milk.
1952 M. Fieldhouse Pottery vii. 46 The crisper surface provided by the application of the rib-tool to the spinning wall of the pot will by contrast of texture give a horizontal emphasis.
2005 D. Dolinak & E. Matshes in D. Dolinak et al. Forensic Pathol. v. 121/1 Abrasions, contusions, and lacerations [are]..created in response to the direct application of force to the body.
b. Geometry. The (notional) placement or construction of a figure so as to make contact with another, typically in a particular manner. Cf. apply v. 1c. Now rare.Application of figures was used occasionally in early geometry as a method of proving mathematical statements.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [noun] > action or process > moving or drawing figure
application1570
inscription1570
superposition1656
supraposition1712
1570 H. Billingsley in tr. Euclid Elements Geom. f. 55 Applications of spaces or figures to lines with excesses or wantes is (sayth Eudemus) an auncient inuention of Pithagoras.
1659 J. Newton Geom. Trigonom. i. 7 By the application of the several lines or terms of a superficies one to another, are made parallels, angles, and many sided figures.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Application also signifies the fitting or applying of one Quantity to another, whose Areas, but not Figures, are the same.
1813 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia at Quantity We cannot in imagination make this application of one figure to another.
1972 M. Kline Math. Thought iii. 34 The Pythagoreans started work on a class of problems known as application of areas.
2003 Synthese 134 289 Some Remarks concerning the Application of Figures in Euclidean Geometry.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > submission > [noun] > submission to another's superior claims or quality
obsequency1595
application1605
deferency1678
deference1702
obsequience1830
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E1v Not that I can taxe or condemne the..application of learned men to men in fortune. View more context for this quotation
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E2 The like applications and stooping to points of necessitie. View more context for this quotation
1640 J. Rutter Cid II. iii. ii. sig. B5v I cannot blame you if you thought that love Which was but civill application.
1663 N. Walker tr. G. della Casa Refin'd Courtier vi. 133 Not that I in the least condemn those external usages and decent applications, which civiliz'd people have ever practis'd.
9.
a. The action of making a request, petition, or appeal to a person or body of people; a request, petition, or appeal so made. In early use also: †an amorous advance (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > invocation or appeal
bodec1175
stevenc1200
crya1300
askingc1330
prayerc1330
beseeching1340
invocationc1384
billc1386
conjuringa1400
pealc1400
conjurationc1450
adjuration?1473
remonstrance?1473
interpellation1526
contestation1548
address1570
vocation1574
imprecation1585
appellation1587
supplantation1590
advocation1598
application1607
invoking1611
inclamation1613
conjurement1643
bespeaking1661
vocative1747
incalling1850
appeal1859
appealing1876
appealingness1876
rogative1882
cri de cœur1897
1607 R. Wilkinson Merchant Royall 34 (margin) Application to Ladies & Gentlewomen.
1647 C. Cotterell & W. Aylesbury tr. E. C. Davila Hist. Civill Warres France i. 15 With..pride..slighting the applications of strangers.
1662 G. Torriano 2nd Alphabet Proverbial Phrases 240/1 To be Courted, and to be in mighty Request, every one making Love and Applycation to them.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 605 The Grand Prior of France..had made some applications to that Lady, with which the King was highly offended.
a1718 W. Penn Life in Wks. (1726) I. 74 I have not chosen this Way of Application [by Letter].
1752 J. Armstrong Hist. Island Minorca ix. 98 If they had made Application, that they might for the future be governed according to our laws, I make no doubt but their Request would have been readily complied with.
1775 H. L. Thrale Jrnl. 14 Oct. in French Jrnls. Mrs. Thrale & Dr. Johnson (1932) 159 Giving..now & then a Silver Eye when the Votary has recd his Sight by Application to that Saint.
1808 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) IV. 63 In answer to various applications which have been made to me.
1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 11 592 An application was made on behalf of the prosecutor for a remand.
1908 Times 10 Oct. 6/5 If the clergy, school committees, and others interested will make application to the superintendent of the park..they will receive early intimation of the number of plants that can be allotted to each applicant.
1947 Africa 17 7 A divorce court in England does not inquire whether the parties were married in church..nor is an English Christian..barred from making application to the divorce court.
2000 M. M. Stark Physician's Guide Clin. Forensic Med. 299 The matter may be resolved by application to the courts.
b. A request to be considered for a job, licence, permit, etc., submitted to an authority or institution as part of a formal selection or appraisal process.job application, planning application, summary application, etc.: see the first element.
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the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > formal request or petition > of particular type
litanyc1400
application1692
address1700
1692 W. Temple Mem. Christendom ii. 372 Many making Applications to me for Places in the Office.
1748 tr. J. B. L. Crevier Rom. Hist. XIII. xliii. i. 227 He himself came into Cisalpine Gaul..under pretence of assisting with his interest Mark Anthony,..in his application for the office of Augur.
1751 ‘T. Scrubb’ Mem. Speakers Robin Hood Soc. p. v A poor D—l..inadvertently neglecting to make a proper Application for a special Licence from your Committee.
1811 J. Adams Wks. (1854) IX. 633 All applications..for commissions,..commissaryships, quartermasterships, &c.
1869 F. R. Lees Text-bk. Temperance 265 The object of that bill is simply to permit..the rate-payers of a district..to veto applications for licenses to sell inebriating liquors.
1939 Flying 1 July 4/1 Applications are being invited from those wishing to take part in these long-distance ferry flights.
1991 Outrage Feb. 9/1 His application for permanent residency was still being considered when he applied for an exit visa.
2001 New Scientist 2 June 56 (advt.) Applications are invited from high achieving researchers with outstanding potential.
2016 New Yorker 11 Apr. 58/2 She applied for a tourist visa to America... Her application was rejected.
c. An application letter or form. Cf. application form n., application letter n. at Compounds 2a.
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society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > blank form for filling in
blank1586
write-off1751
card1817
registration card1842
application1849
entry form1856
form1856
application blank1866
pro forma1928
fiche1949
1849 Sidney's Emigrant's Jrnl. 28 June 309/2 Letters and applications should be addressed, post-paid, to Stephen Walcott, Esquire.
1853 J. P. KAY-Shuttleworth Public Educ. 485 The said District School Committee shall cause the trustees..to be constantly supplied with an adequate number of printed applications for the use of children desiring to be admitted into such School.
1925 W. Faulkner Let. Apr. in Thinking of Home (1992) 196 Will you please fill in this application for a birth certificate have it witnessed, and send it to me?
1952 J. Hersey in Alfred A. Knopf at 60 38 The Secretary's only answer..was a packet containing Form 57, which is an Application for Federal Employment.
2001 Big Issue 30 July 22/1 The 40-page MIG application has up to 261 questions.
10. concrete.† b. = application lace n. at Compounds 2a. Also: an example or piece of application lace. Obsolete.
a. A decorative motif or piece of material sewn on to a fabric. Now rare.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > appliquéwork > appliqué or that which is applied
appliqué1763
application1832
opus consutum1870
1832 Mag. Beau Monde Nov. 161/1 On double silk net, applications of white crape are made, which produce designs in relief that have a very pretty effect.
1836 Ladies Pocket Mag. 34 The corsage..is nearly covered by a pelerine of tulle illusion, the embroidery of which consists in applications of muslin.
1891 Daily News 24 Feb. 5/8 In velvet, with applications of gold or silver embroidery.
1996 C. Wolff Art of manipulating Fabric i. 14 (caption) Gathered from identical rectangles of muslin, two fan-shaped applications with stayed edges shaped into curves.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > appliquéwork
cutwork1662
application1853
1853 Hunt's Merchants' Mag. 29 369 Silk lace, pillow, and application, (not being Saxon wire-ground lace).
1861 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 191 Cobweb collars..worked in Guipure, or crochet, or application.
1904 S. L. Goldenberg Lace 26 Application, a lace made by sewing flowers or sprigs, which may be either needle-point or bobbin-made, upon a bobbin-lace ground. One variety of Brussels lace affords the best example of Application.
1908 C. Sidgwick Home Life Germany 167 Wertheim exhibits the very clever curious ‘applications’ done by Frau Katy Münchhausen.
1920 C. Kellogg Bobbins of Belgium ix. 221 Liedekirke, for example, had begun its lace career with Point d'Angleterre, and in changing later to Application, was merely responding to popular demand.
Compounds
C1. General attributive and instrumental. In recent use chiefly in Computing (see sense 3d).
a. With first element in singular form.
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1816 Public Ledger & Daily Advertiser 11 Dec. Though he might be entitled to the guinea application fee, he could have no claim whatever to the enormous sum which he sought to recover by the present action.
1842 Justice of Peace 10 Sept. 556/2 The clerk and attorney of the guardian rose with the application paper or notice in his hand.
1935 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 41 220 The application process in social case work: a study of four social agencies.
1963 Jrnl. Soc. Industr. & Appl. Math. 11 (advt.) New opportunities in application-oriented projects have been created.
1977 R. W. Smeaton Switchgear & Control Handbk. xxvi. 27 The proper choice of protection is based on equipment size, application reliability, shutdowns, probability of faults, and economics.
1983 Austral. Personal Computer Aug. 146/3 The 16-bit version..will offer colour, probably an extra application package..and two 16-bit operating systems.
2007 Brentwood (Essex) Gaz. (Nexis) 3 Jan. 23 Most office-based staff need to have some application-oriented skills such as understanding Microsoft Office.
b. With first element in plural form.
ΚΠ
1918 Iron Age 3 Oct. 818/2 Exhibit of enlarged photographs showing General Electric apparatus, and lantern slides to illustrate foundry applications products.
1947 Electr. Engin. (U.S.) 66 302/2 The dominant theme of the meeting is to be ‘applications engineering’.
1970 Sci. Amer. May 103 You also get an extensive..library of applications oriented programmes.
1973 New Scientist 10 May 327 Despite an increasing tendency to think in terms of applications satellites, the European Space Research Organisation is still maintaining a viable scientific programme.
1993 Computing 11 Nov. 33/2 Autodesk has the advantage of an existing user base of almost 2 million, along with a natural constituency of 1,100 AutoCAD applications developers.
2006 AFX Internat. Focus Newswire (Nexis) 12 Dec. A service called AppStore, which customers can use to buy and sell the company's on-demand applications products.
C2.
a. With first element in singular form.
application blank n. chiefly U.S. (now somewhat rare) = application form n.
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society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > blank form for filling in
blank1586
write-off1751
card1817
registration card1842
application1849
entry form1856
form1856
application blank1866
pro forma1928
fiche1949
1866 N.Y. Times 5 May 2/5 The Committee gave him an application blank.
1955 R. G. Weintraub How Secure these Rights? iii. 55 Carnegie Institute of Technology..removed questions about race..and religious preference from its application blanks.
2004 Lancaster (Pa.) New Era (Nexis) 22 Apr. c1 Application blanks are currently available at all the local golf courses and clubs.
application development n. Computing the branch of software development concerned with the creation of application programs (see also rapid application development n. at rapid adj., adv., and n. Compounds 1).
ΚΠ
1967 Times 11 May 20/7 Two people are required. The first will run a sub-section dealing with computer characteristics and application development.
1977 Public Admin. Rev. 37 371/2 Application development projects should be done centrally and transferred to local governments in order to prevent costly duplication of effort.
2002 Wall St. Jrnl. 16 Dec. b3 (advt.) Today, Borland is the world leader in platform independent application development.
application engineer n. a person specializing or employed in application engineering.
ΚΠ
1904 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 20 Catal. Members 348 DuBois, Alexander Dawes, Motor Application Engineer, Western Electric Co.
1914 Trans. Amer. Inst. Electr. Engineers 33 i. 380 A still further development..has produced the engineer who has the training and experience necessary to study the customer's requirements and select both a motor and controller which will give the best economical results... This man is commonly known as an application engineer.
1946 Fortune Aug. 95 (caption) Ray Olson was application engineer on dairy controls and tricky industrial problems.
2010 S. Sarin Strategic Brand Managem. for B2B Markets ix. 191 Accelerating the growth in sales needed improvements in the productivity of application engineers.
application engineering n. the branch of the engineering profession concerned chiefly with providing technical advice and expertise on a product to customers, and with developing or adapting products and services in response to customer needs; cf. sales engineering n. at sale n.2 Compounds 3.
ΚΠ
1921 Jrnl. Engineers' Club Philadelphia Mar. 126/2 The principal engineer problems involved have to do with what might be called application engineering.
1967 IEEE Spectrum July 11 (advt.) Since we make more types of yokes than anyone else, it's natural enough for our team of experts to know more about yoke design, application engineering, and quality control.
2013 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 13 July 44 There is a greater acceptance of women in the industry, especially in entry level and mid-management roles within functional organisations like supply chain, HSE, finance, application engineering and human resources.
application form n. a form which must be completed in order to apply for something.
ΚΠ
1844 Cornwall Chron. (Launceston, Austral.) 27 Apr. Goodwin's Almanacks, and Application Forms for Probation Servants always on sale.
1849 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 31 Aug. (Suppl.) 2/4 The printed regulations which accompany each application form expressly state, [etc.].
1954 Househ. Guide & Almanac (News of World) 177/2 He will submit copies to the surveyor of your local authority together with your application forms.
2013 Daily Tel. 15 Nov. 4/5 Anyone who responded to the adverts was emailed a hyperlink to an application form.
application lace n. now historical a kind of lace in which motifs that have been worked separately are sewn on to a lace background.
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1843 Illustr. London News 14 Oct. 256/1 This dress is worn with a mantle of English application lace, which gives it a very dressy and becoming tout ensemble.
1851 Sartain's Union Mag. Lit. & Art Jan. 351/2 Bonnet of white taffetas trimmed with application lace and around the junction of the crown and face with taffetas edged with lace.
1900 Collector & Art Critic 15 Feb. 138/2 In the old laces, the plat flowers were worked in together with the ground, application lace being formerly unknown.
2000 P. Wardle 75 x Lace 76 For the lace industry the most important move was the importation of eight bobbin-net machines into Brussels in 1834 by F. Washer with the express aim of making high quality nets for Brussels application lace.
application letter n. a letter submitted in support of an application for something, esp. a job.
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society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > other types of letter
billet-doux1673
poulet1691
treble letter1753
round robin1755
screed1834
tickler1846
application letter1850
test letter1869
letter of envoy1873
hastener1922
fan letter1932
aerogram1933
yum-yum1943
newsletter1961
overnights1975
1850 Huddersfield Chron. 27 July 4/3 We here present the reader with a copy of the ‘application letter’, which each tenant is now required to sign before land in any situation is ‘set out’ for him to occupy.
1879 Times 24 Jan. 10/4 As a rule, they always received from Smith, Fleming, and Co. application letters for the credits granted.
1942 Portsmouth (Ohio) Times 5 Dec. 18/2 Give full details in your application letter including degree and educational background.
2006 Irish Times (Nexis) 8 Aug. (Health section) 6 Application letters with three unbound CVs should be sent to the hospital by post to the human resources department.
application money n. the sum of money paid when applying for an allotment of shares.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for banking, coining, or financial services
shroffage1629
bank charge1659
procuration money1671
procuration1673
agio1696
premium1717
brassage1806
procuration fee1822
application money1869
transfer fee1869
demurrage1875
1869 Money Market Rev. 11 Sept. 266/3 The application money will be returned in full in the event of no allotment being made.
1893 Let. in Times 11 Dec. 11/2 I am desired by the directors..to return herewith cheque for £—, being your application money for shares in Venice (Limited).
1907 Westm. Gaz. 9 Mar. 15/1 A special form of application is provided, under which the application money will have to be paid as in the case of new subscriptions.
1969 Econ. Devel. & Cultural Change 18 81 Almost all the application money for new shares came from local residents.
2000 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 22 July 3 Investors who had applied for the new shares would have their application money returned without interest.
application program n. Computing a program designed to perform a specific function other than one relating to the operation of the computer itself; = sense 3d.
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society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program
application1959
applications program1959
application software1961
applications software1963
application program1964
CAD-CAM1971
mailer1976
app1981
1964 Engin. Index 1963 381/2 Successful solutions to complications are shown to be based on..writing application programs as series of separate sub-programs.
1991 What Personal Computer Dec. 118/1 You can start an application program in several ways with DOS Shell, including double-clicking on a program's file name with a mouse.
2011 Orange County (Calif.) Reg. 22 Oct. (Home & Garden section) 5/6 It allows you to automatically back up your entire system, and keeps an updated copy of everything on your Mac, including application programs.
application program interface n. Computing = application programming interface n.; abbreviated API.
ΚΠ
1968 I. W. Cotton & F. S. Greatorex in Proc. AFIPS Fall Joint Computer Conf. 33 535/1 Hardware independence at the central computer means that a consistent application program interface could be maintained if that computer were replaced.
1972 Proc. Internat. Computing Symp. 436 Particular attention has been devoted to..application program interface (set of fortran V callable routines within the standard real-time exec-8 environment).
1993 Computer Weekly 14 Oct. 15/3 Appware should also increase cross-platform integration of applications by using..cross-platform Application Program Interfaces (APIs) and programming libraries.
2014 Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) (Nexis) 30 July 11 One new feature is an application programme interface, which will let businesses incorporate parts of the site into their own online services.
application programmer n. Computing a computer programmer who designs or writes application software.
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society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program > programmer
applications programmer1962
application programmer1963
1963 Jrnl. Engin. Educ. June p. xxxi/2 The following are representative of the types of personnel needed: The application programmer, who uses the available programming systems in order to solve other problems.
1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing xix. 305 The user's normal programmers are sometimes called problem programmers or application programmers.
2013 M. W. Mantle & R. Lichty Managing the Unmanageable v. 107 Application programmers usually have to be able to relate to the end user of the application to be successful.
application programming n. Computing the design or writing of application software.
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society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [noun] > action
programming1942
coding1946
applications engineering1947
computer programming1952
applications programming1962
application programming1965
1965 Economist 30 Oct. 508/2 (advt.) Advanced software that speeds and simplifies application programming.
1981 Computerworld 16 Mar. 14/4 IBM believes that the future of application programming is in systems that eliminate the need for procedural code.
2014 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 17 Oct. Suppl. 5 Graduates entering the profession need proficiency in application programming, knowledge of basic system networking and project management skills.
application programming interface n. Computing a set of routines, protocols, and tools designed to allow the development of applications that can utilize or operate in conjunction with a given item of software, set of data, website, etc.; abbreviated API.
ΚΠ
1975 C. J. Date & E. F. Codd in Proc. 1974 ACM SIGFIDET Workshop on Data Descr., Access & Control 85 (title) The relational and network approaches: comparison of the application programming interfaces.
1994 NewMedia Aug. 26/3 A scripting language..supported by a variety of software libraries, tool kits and application programming interfaces.
2008 Guardian 5 June (Technology section) 6/2 Twitter..lets anyone hook into it through its well-exposed (and simple) application programming interface.
application service provider n. (also application services provider) Computing (a) (originally) an item of software designed to provide and manage network access to applications run on a central processor or mainframe (now rare); (b) (in later use) a business or other organization that provides access to specialized applications or related services via a computer network (in later use esp. the internet); abbreviated ASP.In quot. 1983 showing common application in attributive use modifying service provider rather than this compound.
ΚΠ
1983 Proc. IEEE 71 1406/1 A provider-initiated service element..is originated by the service element provider (e.g., the Common Application service provider) to inform the user of provider-initiated actions.]
1989 ACM Trans. Programming Langs. & Syst. 11 285 In the ISO's view, remote user processes cooperate by means of the services offered by a virtual machine called an application service provider.
1995 Computing Canada 1 Mar. s18 SaskEnergy recruited the services of ISM Saskatchewan, a third-party application service provider.
2005 Information Managem. 42 1067/1 The internet and ever-increasing bandwidth have spawned a new method of delivering software functionality—the application service provider (ASP).
application software n. Computing software designed to carry out a specific task other than one relating to the operation of the computer itself; application programs regarded collectively.
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society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program
application1959
applications program1959
application software1961
applications software1963
application program1964
CAD-CAM1971
mailer1976
app1981
1961 Control Engin. Sept. 28/2 This IBM program illustrates one broad approach computer manufacturers are taking to application software, solving a very specific problem in a specific industry.
1966 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald–American 2 Oct. 64/2 (advt.) Must have creative and analytical ability in use of computer systems and application software packages.
1993 MacUser Oct. 8/2 The future of application software is not the bulky dinosaurs of today but smaller, more focused products, documented and distributed electronically.
2005 Daily Post (Liverpool) (Nexis) 27 July 15 The need for ‘traceability’ is the reason why food companies are among the keenest users of application software.
b. With first element in plural form.
applications development n. Computing = application development n. at Compounds 2a.
ΚΠ
1965 Daily Mail (Hagerstown, Maryland) 2 Dec. 51/2 Programming position on I.B.M. 1400 Series Disc System... Experienced applicants should have knowledge of applications development, block diagramming and coding in autocoder language.
1975 Math. of Computation 29 1154 Discussions on computers and communications, software systems and operating procedures, applications development and user services, [etc.].
1998 Economist 21 Mar. 7 (advt.) The overall corporate information management strategy [involves]..applications development, operations, (mainframe and LANs), user support, training, maintenance, organisations and methods.
2013 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 12 Apr. a15 India has emerged as a centre of excellence in applications development.
applications engineer n. = application engineer n. at Compounds 2a.
ΚΠ
1934 Sat. Spectator (Terre Haute, Indiana) 15 Dec. 20/2 His son..is applications engineer with R.C.A. Radiotron company.
1977 Computerworld 6 June 71 (advt.) These applications engineers will provide technical support to our direct field sales, manufacturers' reps and customers.
2009 M. Ficco What Every Engineer should know about Career Managem. iv. 103 Applications engineers can also be known as field service representatives or technical sales representatives.
applications engineering n. (a) = application engineering n. at Compounds 2a; (b) Computing the process of designing, developing, and testing applications (sense 3d).
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [noun] > action
programming1942
coding1946
applications engineering1947
computer programming1952
applications programming1962
application programming1965
1947 Electr. Engin. (U.S.) 66 302/2 The dominant theme of the meeting is to be ‘applications engineering’, and nine technical sessions will deal with this major point of view in the fields of: electric drives for machine tools; servomechanisms; [etc.].
2004 Computerworld 8 Nov. 66/3 (advt.) Specific responsibilities include using systems engineering and applications engineering to manage, design,.., and integrate large database systems.
2006 Wisconsin State Jrnl. 29 Jan. 12 l/3 (advt.) Minimum 2–4 yrs. experience in applications engineering or technical sales of centrifugal slurry pumps.
2010 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 26 July b8 Mr. Russo was director of applications engineering for software developer Magma Design Automation.
applications program n. (a) Astronautics a research programme set up to develop wider applications for technologies originally developed as part of a space program; (b) Computing = application program n. at Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program
application1959
applications program1959
application software1961
applications software1963
application program1964
CAD-CAM1971
mailer1976
app1981
society > travel > air or space travel > space flight > [noun] > programme of space exploration
space programme1958
applications program1959
1959 NASA Authorization for Fiscal Year 1960: Hearings before U.S. Senate Aeronaut. & Space Sci. Comm. (86th Congr., 1st Sess.) 7 Next comes the ‘Research and development’ category. In both the scientific and applications programs, the cost of propulsion vehicles is included only where proven units are scheduled to be used.
1961 Communications ACM 4 366/1 Consider, for example, an elaborate output editing program which is not a component of the operating system but is available as a subroutine for inclusion in applications programs.
2005 Post–Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 4 Dec. f9/3 The Programmer/Analyst will be required to:..develop, modify and document applications programs for an oracle based database.
2008 Internat. Herald Tribune (Nexis) 26 Nov. 8 A set of Applications programs, also à la carte, which absorb the bulk of ESA's [sc. the European Space Agency's] budget.
applications programmer n. Computing = application programmer n. at Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program > programmer
applications programmer1962
application programmer1963
1962 Datamation Jan. 31 Most applications programmers will realize that fortran is more than ‘just algebraic language’.
1990 ICL Techn. Jrnl. 7 292 The applications programmer will be provided with tools to help him develop knowledge-based applications.
2007 News of World (Nexis) 30 Dec. (Information Technol. section) Applications programmers write programs managing database systems.
applications programming n. Computing = application programming n. at Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > programming language > program or code > [noun] > action
programming1942
coding1946
applications engineering1947
computer programming1952
applications programming1962
application programming1965
1962 Computers & Automation June 104/2 Programming services, including automatic programming aids, compilers, assembly systems, applications programming and programming research.
1999 J. Naughton Brief Hist. Future (2001) xi. 174 By early 1973 he had come up with C—the language which became the lingua franca of applications programming for subsequent decades.
2012 Lima (Ohio) News 7 Aug. a4 (advt.) The person for this position will assist in all phases of applications programming and database analysis.
applications software n. Computing = application software n. at Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > applications program
application1959
applications program1959
application software1961
applications software1963
application program1964
CAD-CAM1971
mailer1976
app1981
1963 Use of Electronic Data Processing Equipm.: Hearing before Subcomm. on Census & Govt. Statistics (U.S. House of Representatives, 88th Congr., 1st Sess.) II. 359 There has been a steady expansion of a systems programing group which take cognizance of special needs for applications software.
1985 Which Computer? Dec. 39/4 In fact, in some cases the machine is too fast and will not run certain PC applications software because of it.
2006 Financial Times (Nexis) 21 Mar. 25 Sales of new applications software were stronger than most analysts had expected, signalling a return to underlying growth.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.a1398