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单词 gyro
释义

gyron.1

/ˈdʒʌɪərəʊ/
Etymology: Shortened < gyroscope n., gyro-compass n. at Compounds.
colloquial.
a. = gyroscope n.
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the world > matter > physics > mechanics > types of motion > [noun] > instrument illustrating rotatory motion
rotoscope1831
gyroscope1856
gyrostat1879
gyro1910
1910 tr. Anschütz Gyro Compass 16 The ordinary mariner's compass merely points to a certain spot known as the magnetic pole, from the direction of which the true North can be deduced. The Gyro, however, avoids this operation by indicating the true North direct.
1964 Mrs. L. B. Johnson White House Diary 24 Mar. (1970) 99 A gyro in a suitcase—that's the machine that keeps the rocket on its proper course.
1966 Electronics 17 Oct. 38/3 In a strapdown system..the gyroscope bearings are connected to the vehicle without gimbals and the gyros roll with the vehicle.
b. = gyro-compass n. at Compounds.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > compass > types of
paradoxal compass1558
steering compass1669
variation compass1669
correcting compass1821
telltale1828
pelorus1854
liquid compass1865
gyroscope-compass1909
gyro-compass1910
radio compass1912
gyro1914
gyroscopic compass1920
inductor compass1922
gyro-pilot1923
induction compass1925
astrocompass1942
flux gate compass1946
1914 H. Crabtree Spinning Tops & Gyroscopic Motion (ed. 2) 77 If the position of the ends N and S of the gyro [gyro-compass] are reversed.
1922 Encycl. Brit. XXX. 733/2 In this model [of the gyro compass] three gyros are used in place of the single one of the earlier model.

Compounds

gyro-accelerometer n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1930 Morning Post 21 July 4 A device styled the gyro-accelerometer, which measures every movement of a carriage and records it on a chart with decimal accuracy.
gyro-bus n. (a name given in Science Fiction writing to) a type of gyroscopically controlled aircraft.
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society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > rotary wing aircraft > [noun] > fictional
gyro-bus1936
gyro-cab1956
1936 ‘J. Beynon’ Planet Plane v. 40 Machines of every kind from the dainty flipabout to the massive gyrobus..started to float in from each quarter.
gyro-cab n. = gyro-bus n.
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society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > rotary wing aircraft > [noun] > fictional
gyro-bus1936
gyro-cab1956
1956 ‘W. Tenn’ Time in Advance (1963) 62 They climbed quickly into one of the many hovering gyrocabs.
gyro-car n. (a) a monorail car or carriage which is balanced by means of gyroscopes driven at high speed in opposite directions; (b) a two-wheeled motor car whose balance and steering are controlled by gyroscopes.
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society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > monorail car
monorail1884
gyro-car1909
monorailer1963
society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor car > [noun] > two-wheeled car
gyro-car1909
1909 Westm. Gaz. 8 Nov. 8/3 The gyro-car, as Herr Scherl calls it, is to make a series of runs..in the Exhibition Hall at the Zoological Gardens.
1909 Daily Chron. 11 Nov. 1/6 We waited for the gyro-car to emerge from its shed.
1961 Ford Bulletin 14 Apr. 2/5 The Gyron is not the first two-wheeled gyro car.
1970 B. Wallis in Daily Tel. 16 Oct. (Colour Suppl.) 46/2 I am convinced that the car of the future will be a gyroscopically-controlled two-wheeler, with one wheel in the front, the other behind... When my gyrocar cornered it would, irrespective of speed, heel over at the correct angle.
gyro-compass n. a form of gyroscope used as a compass, being continuously driven and specially mounted so that its axis remains parallel to that of the earth.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > compass > types of
paradoxal compass1558
steering compass1669
variation compass1669
correcting compass1821
telltale1828
pelorus1854
liquid compass1865
gyroscope-compass1909
gyro-compass1910
radio compass1912
gyro1914
gyroscopic compass1920
inductor compass1922
gyro-pilot1923
induction compass1925
astrocompass1942
flux gate compass1946
1910 tr. Anschütz Gyro Compass 10 An accurate means of determining direction by some ‘nonmagnetic’ appliance is of great importance; this is..appreciated by many of the large navies, who are installing the Gyro Compass in their submarines.
1911 Chambers's Jrnl. 27 May 414/2 The magnetic compass is easily deranged... Its rival is the gyro-compass.
1913 J. H. Poynting Earth 98 That very remarkable invention by the brothers Anschütz, termed the Gyro Compass.
1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 22 Jan. 51/3 A speck of dust might cause a gyro compass to ‘wander’.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) VI. 305/2 Modern gyrocompasses..are now used as the prime navigational instrument on nearly every ship.
gyro-horizon n. = artificial horizon n.
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society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > controls and instruments > [noun] > navigational instrument > artificial or gyroscopic horizon
artificial horizon1920
gyro-horizon1939
1939 War Illustr. 29 Dec. 539/2 At ten thousand feet, our gyro-horizon froze.
1942 B. A. Shields Princ. Flight viii. 297 The gyro horizon, or the artificial horizon as it is often called, also depends on a gyroscope for its operation.
gyro-pilot n. a gyro-compass used to steer a vessel or an aircraft without human agency.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > navigational aids > [noun] > compass > types of
paradoxal compass1558
steering compass1669
variation compass1669
correcting compass1821
telltale1828
pelorus1854
liquid compass1865
gyroscope-compass1909
gyro-compass1910
radio compass1912
gyro1914
gyroscopic compass1920
inductor compass1922
gyro-pilot1923
induction compass1925
astrocompass1942
flux gate compass1946
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > controls and instruments > [noun] > navigational instrument > automatic pilot
automatic pilot1916
autopilot1917
gyro-pilot1923
George1931
astronavigator1933
fly-by-wire1960
1923 Westm. Gaz. 24 Dec. Through the agency of an invention known as the gyro-pilot apparatus, the Cunard liner Laconia, which reached Liverpool yesterday, steered from New York a straight course without human aid.
1924 Glasgow Herald 8 Jan. 7 Gyro-Pilot for Cargo Boats.
1936 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 40 555 Air sickness is practically non-existent on..air lines, which use scientific comfort conditioning and which also use gyropilots.
gyro-sight n. a gun-sight fitted with a gyroscope.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > sight > types of
dispart1578
telescopic sight1674
plain sight1686
aim-frontlet1745
hausse1787
foresight1806
gloaming sight1817
night-sight1822
bead1831
leaf1832
backsight1847
globe sight1847
pendulum hausse1850
hindsight1851
tangent scale1859
tangent1861
tangent backsight1862
training pendulum1862
training level1863
peep sight1866
dispart-sight1867
notch sight1867
buck-horn1877
orthoptic1881
aperturea1884
pinball-sighta1884
dispart patch1884
sight bar1884
flap-sight1887
barley-corn1896
ring sight1901
riflescope1902
spotting scope1904
tangent sight1908
Aldis sight1918
wind-sight1923
scope sight1934
gyro-sight1942
1942 F. H. Joseph Lett. Home from Brit. at War 55 Boulton-Paul [gun turret] with Gyro-Sight. Improved reflector sight with a rate gyro.
gyro-stabilizer n. a gyroscopic device for maintaining the equilibrium of a vessel.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > device to increase stability > other stabilizing devices
automatic stabilizer1909
hydrofoil1920
gyro-stabilizer1921
1921 Sci. Amer. 18 June 482/3 The gyro-stablizer damps out the rolling of a vessel.
1946 Nature 24 Aug. 250/1 The marine applications fall into three groups, the gyro compass, the gyro pilot and the gyro stabilizer.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XI. 51/1 By dealing with each wave increment individually and by exerting a small counteracting force against it at just the right moment, the gyrostabilizer quenches the force of each wave and never allows the vessel to build up a roll averaging more than three or four degrees.
gyro-stabilized adj. (also of a compass).
ΚΠ
1946 Wells & Glenny in M. Davidson Gyroscope iii. ii. 170 A gyro-magnetic compass..should not be confused with a gyro-stabilised magnetic compass.
1959 F. D. Adams Aeronaut. Dict. 87/2 Gyro-stabilized, stabilized by a gyro~scope, as in gyro-stabilized compass, gyro-stabilized drift meter.
1963 New Yorker 1 June 125 (advt.) You'll stand at the rail, watch the infinite sea—so smooth to your gyro-stabilized ship.

Draft additions 1993

gyro-theodolite n. a type of theodolite incorporating a gyroscope as an aid to orientation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > surveying instruments > for measuring angles
theodolite?a1560
topographical instrument?a1560
plain table1607
circumferentor1610
diopter1613
plane table1670
circumferencera1687
graphometer1696
semicircle1701
transit theodolite1824
dioptric1849
planchette1858
theodolite-goniometer1909
gyro-theodolite1950
1950 Colliery Engin. Nov. 453/1 The gyro-theodolite or meridian transferer consists of a gyroscope seated in a sphere which is soldered up and floats in a fluid.
1961 Engin. & Mining Jrnl. July 81/1 Since 1947, the Mine-Surveying Institute, Mining-University, Clausthal, West Germany, has been busy developing sub-surface orientation instruments, and, during the three years from '56 to '59 experimented with, and perfected, the gyrotheodolite.
1981 J. B. Adams in J. H. Mulvey Nature of Matter vii. 152 The gyrotheodolite took its bearing from the earth's rotational axis and was used to set the direction of the laser beams.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

gyron.2

Brit. /ˈjɪərəʊ/, /ˈdʒɪərəʊ/, U.S. /ˈjɪroʊ/, /ˈdʒɪroʊ/
Etymology: < modern Greek γȗρος, lit. ‘turning’ (compare gyro- comb. form), from the meat's being cooked on a spit.
U.S.
A sandwich made with pitta bread and containing slices of cooked spiced meat (usually lamb or beef), tomatoes, onions, etc. Cf. doner kebab n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > bread with spread or filling > [noun] > sandwich > other sandwiches
cheese sandwich1828
bacon sandwich1858
cucumber sandwich1896
club sandwich1903
western sandwich1908
Reuben sandwich1927
poor boy1931
po' boy1932
hero1938
hero sandwich1939
foot-long1941
steak sandwich1941
sub1948
sub sandwich1948
submarine1949
BLT1952
panini1955
tuna sandwich1957
hoagie1967
muffuletta1967
gyro1971
PBJ1971
stotty1971
Philadelphia cheesesteak1977
Philly cheesesteak1982
banh mi1985
1971 N.Y. Times 4 Sept. 23/1 More than 30 Greek snack stores selling the gyro have opened in Manhattan in the last year.
1978 New Yorker 23 Oct. 101/1 Soyer circled the area, took his time, and settled for a Greek gyro—mounds of thinly sliced, garlicky pressed beef and lamb on pita bread.
1986 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch 28 May 2 d/1 Instead of going to your neighborhood gyro parlour, now you can assemble your own..ready-to-eat gyro kits, which come with sliced meat, pita bread and cucumber sauce.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1993; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : gyro-comb. form
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n.11909n.21971
see also
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