haarn.¹

Brit.

/hɑː/, U.S.

/(h)ɑr/

Forms: Also harr, haur.

Etymology: < Middle Dutch hare (Dutch haere) keen cold wind.

local.

A wet mist or fog; esp. applied on the east coast of England and Scotland, from Lincolnshire northwards, to a cold sea-fog.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun] > thick mist or fog > sea-fog

haar1662

sea fog1796

water smoke1813

fret1842

water-eynd1883

1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens Pref. The air being..cloudy, gross, and full of rotten harrs.

1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ A Sea Harr, Lincolniensibus Maritimis Tempestas à mari ingruens.

1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire 438 In the months of April and May, easterly winds, commonly called Haars, usually blow with great violence, especially in the afternoons.

1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at Ness (Loch) The water of the lake..never freezes in the severest winter, and, in frosty weather, is covered with a thick haar or mist, which has the appearance of smoke.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Harr, mist with small rain. ‘A northern harr Brings fine weather from far.’

1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) Har, fog, mist, especially when it is cold.

1892 R. L. Stevenson Across Plains v. 171 History broods over that part of the world like the easterly haar.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

haarint.n.²

Brit.

/hɑː/, U.S.

/hɑr/, South African English

/hɑː/

Forms: 1700s aar, 1800s– haar.

Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch haar.

Etymology: < South African Dutch haar (Afrikaans haar ) (interjection) command to a draught ox to turn in a direction towards the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting, (adjective) designating that direction (usually ‘right’, but occasionally also ‘left’, depending on the position of the driver) < Dutch haar (interjection) call to a horse or other draught animal to turn left (a1628 as †haer ; also (regional) aar ), (adverb) to this side, towards the speaker (already in Middle Dutch, where it is also attested in forms haer , haere , hare ), probably a spec. use of Middle Dutch haer , haere , hare , variants (perhaps with alteration after daar, daer, dare there adv.) of hēr here adv. Compare German (chiefly regional) har (interjection) command to a horse or ox to turn left (16th cent.). Compare hot int., and see discussion at that entry.The semantic difference between the Dutch and Afrikaans uses of the interjection is due to different customs regarding the side where the driver is sitting, as haar originally means ‘towards the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting’, its opposite hot ‘away from the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting’. There is no evidence for Dutch haar in sense ‘to the right’, either in the standard language or in dialects.

South African. Now rare.

Used as a command to a draught ox to turn in a direction towards the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting. Also as n.: a command of this type. Cf. hot int.

ΚΠ

1785 G. Forster tr. A. Sparrman Voy. Cape Good Hope I. 127 Each ox..will pay attention, and go to the right or to the left, merely upon hearing its own name pronounced with a ote or a aar added to it.

1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 14 The drivers manage the animals with merely calling to them; every ox has his particular name, and by pronouncing the word hot or haar, they turn to the right or left according to the signification of the word used.

1818 C. I. La Trobe Jrnl. Visit S. Afr. ii. 39 He continually calls to his cattle by their names, directing them to the right or left by the addition of the exclamations of hott and haar, occasionally enforcing obedience to his commands by a lash.

1870 Cape Monthly Mag. 1 194 Literally, I did not know my right hand from my left when hot stood for one and haar for the other—sounds intelligible enough to the most stupid bullock that ever bore the yoke.

1948 L. G. Green To River's End i. 14 ‘Haar Donker!’ Over the oxen whistles the twenty-foot whip-lash.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	haar
释义	haarn.¹ Brit. /hɑː/, U.S. /(h)ɑr/ Forms: Also harr, haur. Etymology: < Middle Dutch hare (Dutch haere) keen cold wind. local. A wet mist or fog; esp. applied on the east coast of England and Scotland, from Lincolnshire northwards, to a cold sea-fog. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun] > thick mist or fog > sea-fog haar1662 sea fog1796 water smoke1813 fret1842 water-eynd1883 1662 W. Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning Fens Pref. The air being..cloudy, gross, and full of rotten harrs. 1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ A Sea Harr, Lincolniensibus Maritimis Tempestas à mari ingruens. 1777 W. Nimmo Gen. Hist. Stirlingshire 438 In the months of April and May, easterly winds, commonly called Haars, usually blow with great violence, especially in the afternoons. 1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at Ness (Loch) The water of the lake..never freezes in the severest winter, and, in frosty weather, is covered with a thick haar or mist, which has the appearance of smoke. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Harr, mist with small rain. ‘A northern harr Brings fine weather from far.’ 1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) Har, fog, mist, especially when it is cold. 1892 R. L. Stevenson Across Plains v. 171 History broods over that part of the world like the easterly haar. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). haarint.n.² Brit. /hɑː/, U.S. /hɑr/, South African English /hɑː/ Forms: 1700s aar, 1800s– haar. Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch haar. Etymology: < South African Dutch haar (Afrikaans haar ) (interjection) command to a draught ox to turn in a direction towards the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting, (adjective) designating that direction (usually ‘right’, but occasionally also ‘left’, depending on the position of the driver) < Dutch haar (interjection) call to a horse or other draught animal to turn left (a1628 as †haer ; also (regional) aar ), (adverb) to this side, towards the speaker (already in Middle Dutch, where it is also attested in forms haer , haere , hare ), probably a spec. use of Middle Dutch haer , haere , hare , variants (perhaps with alteration after daar, daer, dare there adv.) of hēr here adv. Compare German (chiefly regional) har (interjection) command to a horse or ox to turn left (16th cent.). Compare hot int., and see discussion at that entry.The semantic difference between the Dutch and Afrikaans uses of the interjection is due to different customs regarding the side where the driver is sitting, as haar originally means ‘towards the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting’, its opposite hot ‘away from the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting’. There is no evidence for Dutch haar in sense ‘to the right’, either in the standard language or in dialects. South African. Now rare. Used as a command to a draught ox to turn in a direction towards the side of the wagon on which the driver is sitting. Also as n.: a command of this type. Cf. hot int. ΚΠ 1785 G. Forster tr. A. Sparrman Voy. Cape Good Hope I. 127 Each ox..will pay attention, and go to the right or to the left, merely upon hearing its own name pronounced with a ote or a aar added to it. 1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. 14 The drivers manage the animals with merely calling to them; every ox has his particular name, and by pronouncing the word hot or haar, they turn to the right or left according to the signification of the word used. 1818 C. I. La Trobe Jrnl. Visit S. Afr. ii. 39 He continually calls to his cattle by their names, directing them to the right or left by the addition of the exclamations of hott and haar, occasionally enforcing obedience to his commands by a lash. 1870 Cape Monthly Mag. 1 194 Literally, I did not know my right hand from my left when hot stood for one and haar for the other—sounds intelligible enough to the most stupid bullock that ever bore the yoke. 1948 L. G. Green To River's End i. 14 ‘Haar Donker!’ Over the oxen whistles the twenty-foot whip-lash. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1662int.n.²1785
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haarn.1

haarint.n.2

haarn.¹

haarint.n.²