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单词 halse
释义

halsehalsn.1

Forms: Now Scottish and northern dialect hause, hawse /hɔːs/. Forms: Old English hals, heals, Middle English Orm. halls, Middle English–1600s hals(e, (Middle English halce, 1500s halsz, halss, hawes, heylis, 1600s hose), 1600s–1800s hause, hass(e, 1700s–1800s hawse.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English hals, heals = Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old High German, Old Norse hals < Old Germanic *holso-z < pre-Germanic *kolsos: compare Latin collum, earlier collus, < *colsus.
1. The neck.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > neck > [noun]
swirec888
neckeOE
halseOE
hattrelc1330
cannelc1400
channelc1425
crag1488
kennel?1533
pile1584
neck-piece1605
neck parta1627
nub1673
cervix1741
squeeze1819
scrag1829
OE Genesis 385 Mid þy me god hafað gehæfted be þam healse.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4777 Side. & halls. & hæfedd.
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 279 Þe Scottis be alle schent, & hanged bi þe hals.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. Prol. 170 To..Knitten on a colere..And hangen it vp-on þe cattes hals.
c1422 T. Hoccleve Jereslaus' Wife 712 Hire þat from the roope kepte his hals.
1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle v. ii. sig. Ei Many a truer man then he, hase hanged vp by the halse.
a1605 A. Montgomerie Poems xxxv. 45 Hir halse more vhyt Nor I can wryt.
1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Halse [Obs.], a necke.
1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Hause, the neck. A very old word.
1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Hass, Hause, the neck, the throat.
2. The throat, gullet.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > throat or gullet > [noun]
rakeeOE
cudeOE
weasanda1000
chelc1000
throatOE
garget13..
gorgec1390
oesophagusa1398
meria1400
oesophagea1400
swallowa1400
cannelc1400
gull1412
channelc1425
halsec1440
gully1538
encla?1541
stomach?1541
lane1542
weasand-pipe1544
throttlea1547
meat-pipe1553
gargil1558
guttur1562
cropc1580
gurgulio1630
gule1659
gutter lane1684
red lane1701
swallow-pipe1786
neck1818
gullet-pipe1837
foodway1904
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 224/1 Hals, or halce, throte, guttur.
c1440 Bone Flor. 1474 Hyt stekyth in my hals, I may not gete hyt downe.
1572 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxxviii. 34 With baitis in our hals.
a1689 W. Cleland Coll. Poems (1697) 22 He got of Beer a full bowl Glass, Which got bad Passage at his Hasse.
1819 J. Hodgson in J. Raine Mem. J. Hodgson (1857) I. 241 His words stuck in his hause.
1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 79 Hause, the throat.
†3. transferred. A narrow neck of land or channel of water. Obsolete.[Cf. The ‘Hawse Inn’ at South Queensferry.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > body of water > channel of water > [noun] > narrow
halse1488
strake1503
channelet1650
thoroughfare1837
straik1847
the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > promontory, headland, or cape > [noun] > isthmus
halse1488
necka1544
balka1552
isthmus1555
distrait1562
strait1562
strictland1577
land-passage1601
land-strait1601
isthm1609
land-neck1619
land-connection1876
thoroughfare1876
land-bridge1897
tombolo1897
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 808 Throuch-out the mos delyuerly thai ȝeid, Syne tuk the hals, quharoff thai had most dreid.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iv. 8 Ane havin place with ane lang hals or entre.
c1540 J. Bellenden in tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. sig. Biijv Nidisdail..begynnis with ane narow and strait hals.
4. A narrower and lower part of a line of hills, joining two heights; a col: in the form hause n.
†5. to hold in hals, to flatter, beguile, delude with false professions. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > flatter [verb (transitive)]
flatter?c1225
flackera1250
slickc1250
blandishc1305
blandc1315
glozec1330
beflatter1340
curryc1394
elkena1400
glaverc1400
anointa1425
glotherc1480
losenge1480
painta1513
to hold in halsc1560
soothe1580
smooth1584
smooth1591
soothe1601
pepper1654
palp1657
smoothify1694
butter1700
asperse1702
palaver1713
blarney1834
sawder1834
soft-soap1835
to cock up1838
soft-solder1838
soother1842
behoney1845
soap1853
beslaver1861
beslobber1868
smarm1902
sugar1923
sweetmouth1948
smooth-talk1950
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > deception by illusion, delusion > speech intended to deceive > beguile, cajole [verb (transitive)]
bicharrea1100
fodea1375
begoc1380
inveiglea1513
to hold in halsc1560
to get within ——1572
cajole1645
to cajole with1665
butter1725
veigle1745
flummer1764
to get round ——1780
to come round ——1784
to get around ——1803
flatter-blind1818
salve1825
to come about1829
round1854
canoodle1864
moody1934
fanny1938
cosy1939
mamaguy1939
snow1943
snow-job1962
c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) xxiii. 23 Hir fenȝeit wordis..held me in the hals.
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 379 With mony flattering taill and fals He held that bischop in the hals.
1616 A. Hart in Barbour's Actes & Life Bruce Pref. sig. ¶¶ Edward had..long time holden them in the halse, vpon vaine hope of the Kingdom.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
halse-bone n. (also halse-bane)
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > neck bone > [noun]
swire-bonec825
neckc1275
cannel-bonea1325
neck-bonec1330
nuke-bone1562
halse-bone1794
1794 Ritson's Scott. Songs I. 50 (Jam.) There's gowd in your garters, Marion; And silk on your white hauss-bane.
1818 T. Carlyle Early Lett. (Norton) I. 148 Tell him..to write instanter if he wish his head to continue above his hass-bone.
halse-riband n.
C2.
† hals-man n. Obsolete executioner, headsman.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > [noun] > executioner
manquellera1275
officer?1387
smiterc1390
manslayera1425
man's quellerc1429
baserc1480
butcher1483
executora1513
slaughter-slave1556
carnifex1561
executioner1561
deathsman1589
verdugo1616
hals-mana1658
a1658 J. Cleveland 2nd Pt. Scots Apostasy in Wks. (1687) 340 Do Execution like the Hals-man's Sword.
hawslock n. (also hasslock) the wool on the neck of a sheep.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > genus Ovus > [noun] > Ovus Aries (domestic sheep) > body and parts of > fleece > on particular parts of the body
ridgea1325
rig1406
wam-lock1483
gare1542
hawslock1725
point1871
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd i. i A tartan plaid spun o' good hawslock woo.
1820 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 6 664 Card them through each other like black wool and white hawslock.

Derivatives

† halsed adj. Obsolete having a neck, -necked.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > neck > [adjective]
yswerreda1400
halsedc1540
cragged1607
cervical1681
necked1841
c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Cosmogr. viii, in Hist. & Chron. Scotl. sig. Bvv Ane lang mand narrow halsit and wyid mouthit.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

halsen.2

Brit. /hɔːls/, /hɑːls/, U.S. /hɑls/
Forms: 1500s 1700s– halse, 1800s alls, 1800s hawlse (Irish English (Wexford)), 1800s– alse.
Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: hazel n.
Etymology: Variant of hazel n. (compare forms at that entry), with metathesis. Compare halsen adj.Attested earlier in the place name Halswell, Goathurst, Somerset (1243; 1086 as Hasewelle).
Chiefly English regional (south-western). Now somewhat rare.
The hazel, Corylus avellana.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > hazel > [noun]
hazeleOE
hazel treea1425
halse1515
wood nut1578
hazelnut1681
1515 Lease Barton Lanreath Manor in Devon & Cornwall Notes & Queries (1988) 36 143 Habebit ad usum suum all the underwode super bertonam predictam scilicet alder helme wylowe and halse.
1700 Exchequer Deposition (P.R.O.: E 134/12WM3/TRIN2) m. 2 Of what kind or sort was the said wood, was the same Oakes, Halse, Aller, Williowes, or any other sort.
a1827 J. Poole Gloss. in T. P. Dolan & D. Ó Muirithe Dial. Forth & Bargy (1996) 50 Hawlse, hazel.
1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words I Halse, hazel. Somerset.
1897 Longman's Mag. Oct. 509 For the bottom of the basket he would lay hands on hedge willow or halse (hazel), or any other ‘old stuff’ the farmers would let him cut.
1932 C. Torr Small Talk at Wreyland 60 The next thing was to gather some bame and cut down boughs of halse.
1967 H. Orton & M. F. Wakelin Surv. Eng. Dial. IV. ii. 489 Do you know a bush that bears catkins, and then nuts later on?.. [Somerset, Devon] Halse.
1979 N. Rogers Wessex Dial. 80/1 Halse, hazel.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† halsev.1

Forms: Old English halsian, healsian, Middle English hælsien, Middle English halsi(en, Middle English–1500s halse.
Etymology: Old English halsian , healsian , ? from earlier *hálsian = Old High German heilisôn to augur, expiate, Old Norse heilsa to hail, greet (with good wishes) < Old Germanic *hailosôjan , < *hailos weal, well-being, prosperity: see heal n.
Obsolete.
1. intransitive. To augur, divine, soothsay; to declare in the name of something divine or holy. (Only Old English.)
ΚΠ
c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 354/13 Ariolandi, on wigbede to halsienne.
2. transitive. To call upon in the name of something divine or holy; to exorcize, adjure, conjure; to implore, entreat, beseech.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > exorcism > perform exorcism [verb (transitive)]
halsec825
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > evil spirit or demon > [verb (transitive)] > exorcize
halsec825
exorcize1546
lay1597
dispossess1618
the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > appeal to or invoke
halsec825
askOE
witnec1200
halsenc1290
calla1325
incalla1340
to speak to ——1362
interpel1382
inclepec1384
turnc1384
becallc1400
ethec1400
peala1425
movec1450
provoke1477
adjure1483
invoke1490
conjurea1500
sue1521
invocatea1530
obtest1548
obtestate1553
to throw oneself on (or upon)1592
obsecrate1598
charm1599
to cry on ——1609
behight1615
imprecate1643
impray1855
c825 Vesp. Psalter xxxvi[i]. 7 Underðioded bio ðu dryhtne & halsa hine.
c870 Halsuncge in Old Eng. Texts 176 Ic eow [ðe] halsige on fæder naman..þæt ge to þys husle ne gangen.
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxii. (E.E.T.S.) 213 Ic eow healsige broður for ðæm tocyme Dryhtnes Hælendan Kristes.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvi. 63 Ic halsige þe [Lindisf. ic halsa ðec, Rushw. ic halsio þe, Hatt. ic hælsige þe] ðurh þone lyfiendan god, þæt ðu secge us gyf þu sy crist godes sunu.
a1225 St. Marher. 17 Ich halsi þe o godes nome.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 258 Ich halsi ow..þet ȝe wið halden ow from fleschliche lustes.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 92 Þurch þilke neiles ich halsi ou ancren naut ou ach oðre for hit nis naneod.
c1386 G. Chaucer Prioress's Tale 193 O deere child I halsen [so Hengwrt; v.rr. halse, hailse, hailese] thee In vertu of the hooly Trinitee, Tel me what is thy cause for to synge.
14.. Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1866) 85 He was so agast of þat grysyly gose..He halsed hit þorow goddes myȝte.
1553 T. Becon Relikes of Rome (1563) 244* The whiche wicked spirite is halsed or coniured or caste out of hym.
3. To hail, salute, greet. [= hailse v., of which it may be a by-form.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use courteous actions or expressions to [verb (transitive)] > greet or salute
greetOE
i-gretec1000
hailc1175
anourec1300
saluec1300
hailse1377
salutec1380
salusc1440
halsec1480
begreet1513
enhalse1563
congratulate1589
halch?c1600
regreet1607
to give the day (to)1613
c1480 (a1400) St. John Evangelist 618 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 127 He met a pilgrime in the gat, þat haliste hyme, & sad þus-gat.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vii. 116 Thai met the kyng and halsit [1489 Adv. halist him] thar.
1498 Caxton's Chron. Eng. vi The holy ymages of sayntes bowed downe to hym whan the body of hym was broughte in to the chyrche..& honourably hym halsyd.
1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries ii. f.12 Thei so brauely halsed him with Harquebouze shotte.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 354 Sa tha all salute and halse her.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

halsev.2

Brit. /hals/, /hɑːs/, /hɔːs/, U.S. /hæls/, /hɑs/, /hɔs/, Scottish English /hɔs/, /has/, /hals/
Forms: Middle English hals, Middle English–1500s, 1800s halse, Middle English, 1700s hawse, 1500s haulse, 1500s–1600s hause, 1800s hass.
Etymology: Either an independent derivative of hals, halse n.1 neck = Old High German halsan , -en , -on , Middle High German halsen to throw one's arms about the neck of, embrace; or a sense developed upon halse v.1, through association with halse n.1 In many passages it is difficult to distinguish it from halse v.1 3, since either ‘salute’ or ‘embrace’ makes sense.
Obsolete exc. Scottish.
1.
a. transitive. To embrace.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > embrace > [verb (transitive)]
clipc950
freeOE
beclipc1000
windc1175
fang?c1200
yokec1275
umgripea1300
to take in (also into, on) one's armsc1300
umbefold14..
collc1320
lapc1350
bracec1375
embracec1386
clapa1400
folda1400
halsea1400
umbeclapa1400
accollc1400
fathomc1400
halchc1400
haspc1400
hoderc1440
plighta1450
plet?a1500
cuddlec1520
complect1523
umbfoldc1540
clasp1549
culla1564
cully1576
huggle1583
embosom1590
wrap1594
collya1600
cling1607
bosom1608
grasp1609
comply1648
huddlea1650
smuggle1679
inarm1713
snuggle1775
cwtch1965
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4357 Sco can hals him son wit þis And bedd him mothes for to kys.
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 174 As whanne he halsiþ a womman wiþ hise hondis.
c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) lxix. 320 He ran for gladnesse, and halsid hire, and kist hire.
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 224/1 Halsyn, amplector.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 577/1 I halse one, I take hym aboute the necke, je accolle.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. iii. sig. D2 Each other kissed glad, And louely haulst..And plighted hands. View more context for this quotation
1691 J. Ray N. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 36 Hose or Hause, to hug or carry in the arms, to embrace.
1733 Cock-laird-Orph. Caled. (Chambers 1829) He hawsed, he kiss'd her, And ca'ed her his sweet.
1820 W. Scott tr. Noble Moringer in Edinb. Ann. Reg. 1816 9 ii. p. ccccxcv He halsed and kiss'd his dearest dame.
absolute.c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 9614 There thei halsed and thei kist.
†b. transferred and figurative. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter iv. 3 Ȝe hals & kys & sekis wiþ traiuaile, vanyte and leghe.
a1547 Earl of Surrey Poems (1964) 34 Who so gladly halseth the golden meane, Voyde of dangers..hath his home.
1636 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 179 To come nigh Christ and hause Him and embrace Him.
†2. To encompass by going round. [= Latin complecti.] Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)]
befong971
beclipc1000
begoc1000
belieOE
bestandc1000
to go about ——OE
umbegangc1200
behema1250
befallc1275
berunc1275
girdc1290
bihalvena1300
umlapa1300
umlaya1300
umlouka1300
umbegoc1300
belayc1320
halsea1340
enclose1340
umbelapa1350
embracec1360
betrendc1374
circlec1374
umbecasta1375
to give about1382
environa1393
umbeclipa1395
compassa1400
encircle?a1400
enourle?a1400
umbegivea1400
umbeseta1400
umbeliec1400
umbetighc1400
enroundc1420
measurec1425
umbsteadc1450
adviron?1473
purprise1481
umbeviron1489
belta1500
girtha1500
overgirda1500
engirt15..
envirea1513
round?a1513
brace1513
umbereach1513
becompass1520
circuea1533
girtc1540
umbsetc1540
circule1553
encompass1555
circulate?a1560
ingyre1568
to do about1571
engird1573
circumdate1578
succinge1578
employ1579
circuate1581
girdle1582
wheel1582
circumgyre1583
enring1589
ringa1592
embail1593
enfold1596
invier1596
stem1596
circumcingle1599
ingert1599
engirdle1602
circulize1603
circumscribe1605
begirt1608
to go round1610
enwheela1616
surround1616
shingle1621
encirculize1624
circumviron1632
beround1643
orba1644
circumference1646
becircle1648
incircuitc1650
circumcinge1657
circumtend1684
besiege1686
cincture1789
zone1795
cravat1814
encincture1820
circumvent1824
begirdle1837
perambulate1863
cordon1891
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter lxvii. 11 Vmgifis syon & halsis it.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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