Hakkaadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈhakə/, U.S.

/ˈhɑkə/,

/ˈhækə/

Inflections: Plural Hakkas, unchanged.

Origin: A borrowing from Chinese. Etymon: Chinese haak-kā

Etymology: < Chinese (Cantonese) haak-kā (17th cent.; < haak visitor, non-native + gā family, ethnic group), so called because they migrated into these regions recently enough to remain culturally and linguistically distinct. Compare Chinese (Hakka) hak-kâ, and also (Mandarin) kèjiā.

A. adj.

Of or relating to a people belonging to the Han Chinese group, living esp. in parts of south-eastern China, including Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hong Kong, and on the island of Taiwan. Also: of or relating to the language of this people.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [adjective] > of Chinese > of dialects of

Hokkien1832

Amoy1844

Cantonese1857

Hakka1881

Wu1908

Szechuanese1918

wenyan1936

Hunanese1937

Gan1943

Min1959

Yi1960

Teochew1970

yüeh1978

1847 Evangelical Christendom Dec. 384/2 The Stations occupied by their foreign missionary brethren, are as follows:—..Brother Gennähr, in the Central District of Canton; Brother Hamberg, in the Hakka-country.

1881 J. D. Ball Easy Sentences Hakka Dial. p. i While engaged in my studies in the Hakka dialect I put the sentences in Giles' Handbook of the Swatow Dialect into Hakka.

1903 New Internat. Encycl. VIII. 948/2 Kia-ying Chow, which is entirely Hakka, is noted for its scholars.

1982 N.Y. Times 27 Jan. c3/1 The most famous of all Hakka dishes, salt-baked chicken, is the heart of the menu.

2016 Taiwan News (Nexis) 13 Jan. Tsai said she would like to do more to promote the Hakka language and culture.

B. n.

1. A member of the Hakka people.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Chinese peoples > [noun]

Manchu1697

Lolo1736

Miaotse1810

Tanka1839

Hakka1854

Tungan1875

Miao1882

Yao1883

Yüeh1901

Mien1902

1854 T. Hamberg Visions Hung-Siu-Tshuen 48 A very rich Hakka of the surname Wun had taken a girl as his concubine, who had been promised in marriage to a Punti man.

1870 Chinese Recorder Jan. 219/1 Everywhere where the Hakka are mixed up with the Punti, they are considered as intruders.

1903 J. W. Davidson Island of Formosa xxx. 591 The barter trade..is often in the hands of the Hakkas, and the present agricultural development of the foothills was partly inaugurated by them.

1968 ‘B. Mather’ Springers xviii. 196 The old man at the helm..looked like a Hakka to me. They are fishermen, and nobody's fools.

2013 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 27 Oct. (Mag.) 85 Of all the Chinese people, the Hakka are the most nomadic.

2. The variety of Chinese spoken by the Hakka people.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [noun] > Chinese > dialects of

Pekingese1849

Hakka1864

Amoy1880

Cantonese1883

Yunnanese1927

Tonkinese1934

Gan1943

Szechuanese1947

Hunanese1948

Min1948

Yüeh1954

Teochew1962

Shanghainese1964

Sze Yap1964

Wu1964

1864 W. Lobscheid Gram. Chinese Lang. Introd. p. vi The name of the Governor General of Canton..is pronounced yip in Punti; yap in Hakka.

1887 Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan 15 23 The number of repetitives such as soro soro is very great in both Japanese and Hakka.

1921 Outward Bound July 17/1 He converses freely in Hakka, Cantonese, Mandarin [etc.].

1971 K. Hopkins Hong Kong 235 Cantonese is very much the predominant language but there are minorities who speak Hakka.

2017 Nepali Times (Nexis) 17 Nov. They had a brief conversation in Hakka.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hakka
释义	Hakkaadj.n. Brit. /ˈhakə/, U.S. /ˈhɑkə/, /ˈhækə/ Inflections: Plural Hakkas, unchanged. Origin: A borrowing from Chinese. Etymon: Chinese haak-kā Etymology: < Chinese (Cantonese) haak-kā (17th cent.; < haak visitor, non-native + gā family, ethnic group), so called because they migrated into these regions recently enough to remain culturally and linguistically distinct. Compare Chinese (Hakka) hak-kâ, and also (Mandarin) kèjiā. A. adj. Of or relating to a people belonging to the Han Chinese group, living esp. in parts of south-eastern China, including Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hong Kong, and on the island of Taiwan. Also: of or relating to the language of this people. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [adjective] > of Chinese > of dialects of Hokkien1832 Amoy1844 Cantonese1857 Hakka1881 Wu1908 Szechuanese1918 wenyan1936 Hunanese1937 Gan1943 Min1959 Yi1960 Teochew1970 yüeh1978 1847 Evangelical Christendom Dec. 384/2 The Stations occupied by their foreign missionary brethren, are as follows:—..Brother Gennähr, in the Central District of Canton; Brother Hamberg, in the Hakka-country. 1881 J. D. Ball Easy Sentences Hakka Dial. p. i While engaged in my studies in the Hakka dialect I put the sentences in Giles' Handbook of the Swatow Dialect into Hakka. 1903 New Internat. Encycl. VIII. 948/2 Kia-ying Chow, which is entirely Hakka, is noted for its scholars. 1982 N.Y. Times 27 Jan. c3/1 The most famous of all Hakka dishes, salt-baked chicken, is the heart of the menu. 2016 Taiwan News (Nexis) 13 Jan. Tsai said she would like to do more to promote the Hakka language and culture. B. n. 1. A member of the Hakka people. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Chinese peoples > [noun] Manchu1697 Lolo1736 Miaotse1810 Tanka1839 Hakka1854 Tungan1875 Miao1882 Yao1883 Yüeh1901 Mien1902 1854 T. Hamberg Visions Hung-Siu-Tshuen 48 A very rich Hakka of the surname Wun had taken a girl as his concubine, who had been promised in marriage to a Punti man. 1870 Chinese Recorder Jan. 219/1 Everywhere where the Hakka are mixed up with the Punti, they are considered as intruders. 1903 J. W. Davidson Island of Formosa xxx. 591 The barter trade..is often in the hands of the Hakkas, and the present agricultural development of the foothills was partly inaugurated by them. 1968 ‘B. Mather’ Springers xviii. 196 The old man at the helm..looked like a Hakka to me. They are fishermen, and nobody's fools. 2013 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) 27 Oct. (Mag.) 85 Of all the Chinese people, the Hakka are the most nomadic. 2. The variety of Chinese spoken by the Hakka people. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [noun] > Chinese > dialects of Pekingese1849 Hakka1864 Amoy1880 Cantonese1883 Yunnanese1927 Tonkinese1934 Gan1943 Szechuanese1947 Hunanese1948 Min1948 Yüeh1954 Teochew1962 Shanghainese1964 Sze Yap1964 Wu1964 1864 W. Lobscheid Gram. Chinese Lang. Introd. p. vi The name of the Governor General of Canton..is pronounced yip in Punti; yap in Hakka. 1887 Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan 15 23 The number of repetitives such as soro soro is very great in both Japanese and Hakka. 1921 Outward Bound July 17/1 He converses freely in Hakka, Cantonese, Mandarin [etc.]. 1971 K. Hopkins Hong Kong 235 Cantonese is very much the predominant language but there are minorities who speak Hakka. 2017 Nepali Times (Nexis) 17 Nov. They had a brief conversation in Hakka. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1847
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