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单词 handcraft
释义

handcraftn.

Brit. /ˈhan(d)krɑːft/, /ˈhan(d)kraft/, U.S. /ˈhæn(d)ˌkræft/
Forms: see hand n. and craft n.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Saxon handkraft strength or power (of the hands) < the Germanic base of hand n. + the Germanic base of craft n. Compare later handicraft n.The following passage has sometimes been taken to show this word, but it should perhaps be interpreted as showing a phrasal construction with hend adj. rather than hand n. (compare the variant reading, apparently showing hendy adj.):c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2446 Þurh his hænde-craftes [c1300 Otho þorh his hendi craftes].
1. Strength or power (of the hands), the ability to use one's hands. Obsolete.Only in Old English.
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OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) vi. 59 Hwilce beladunge hæbbe we æt godes dome.., nu þes lama wædla buton handcræfte godes beboda gefylde?
2. = handicraft n. 2.With attributive use and genitive compounds compare respectively handicraft adj. and handicraftsman n. (at which entry see also the etymology).
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society > occupation and work > work > [noun] > manual work
handcraftOE
craftworkOE
handworkOE
manual labour?1406
handworking?a1425
manoeuvre1479
hand labour1517
handiwork1525
handicrafta1535
manuary1581
mechanic1605
manufacture1625
arm labour1677
mechanics1726
hag1797
hag-work1841
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > a bodily skill > manual skill
handcraftOE
craftiness?a1425
handcraftsmanship1893
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxvii. 404 Mid his handcræfte he teolode his & his geferena forðdæda.
OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) lvii. 95 Gif hwylc neod sy to becypenne ænig þing heora handcræftes, þæt sy butan gitsunge..geseald.
OE Wulfstan Canons of Edgar (Corpus Cambr.) (1972) xi. 4 We lærað þæt preosta gehwilc toeacan lare leornige handcræft georne.
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 18 So þat it [sc. þe entencioun of a surgian] be don with hand craft [?a1450 BL Add. hande crafte].
?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 615 Instrumentes of hand crafte helpen mykel þerynne.
a1550 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (Bodl. e Mus.) l. 1338 (MED) In this worke nothinge finde ye shall But handcrafte, called arte mechanicall.
1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie In Lectores sig. Bv Euery broking hand-crafts artizan.
1663 W. Okeham Preserv. King's Majesties Royal Person 3 No Commodities or Merchandises whatsoever concerning any handecraft Trade which can be made in England, (except Silk and Linnen Cloth) be brought over under penalty of Fellony.
1776 N.-Amer. & W.-Indian Gazetteer at Carolina A tax on land,..and the profits of all faculties and professions, the clergy excepted, factorage and employment, and handcrafts trades.
1852 D. Rock Church of our Fathers III. x. 358 Our Anglo-Saxon goldsmiths' hand-craft.
1887 New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) Sept. 194 Nature well combed and smoothed and trimmed by man's handcraft and for man's uses.
1922 Missions Jan. 43/2 She wishes to establish a juvenile library in English and would be glad to receive books on handcraft for boys and girls.
2005 Brit. Life Jan. 7/1 An extraordinary amount of handcraft goes into the making of some of the fine bone china from companies like Spode and Wedgwood.
3.
a. = handicraft n. 1a.
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society > occupation and work > [noun] > regular occupation, trade, or profession > craft
crafteOE
craftworkOE
handcraftOE
mister?c1225
cunning1340
arta1393
mysterya1400
sciencec1485
handicraft1523
mechanic1604
magistery1647
tradecraft1842
OE Wulfstan Institutes of Polity (Junius) 76 Eac him [sc. the bishop] gerisað handcræftas gode, and þæt man on his hirede cræftas begange.
?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 3 Cirurgye..þe vsing..þe whiche Aristotel nombrede among hande craftes [L. artes mecanicas].
?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 60 A hande crafte, mechanica.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 217 (MED) He ne myght noght turne his corage to sciencis of clergi, but to honde-craftes.
1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions Pref. 8 Diuers inuencions of handekraftes and sciences.
1695 J. Cary Ess. State Eng. 160 There are other things which will employ the Poor besides our Manufactures, and more proper for Men,..such as are Navigation, Husbandry, and Handecrafts.
1794 S. Howard Every Tradesman his own Lawyer 21 No person whatsoever, not being free of the city of London, shall..use any trade, occupation, mystery, or hand-craft for hire, gain, or sale, within that city.
1848 Amer. Rev. Sept. 320/1 Because he once worked at a hand-craft, he is slightingly spoken of by many of his countrymen.
1892 Post-graduate & Wooster Q. July 266 It is not unlikely that many of the people were engaged in the hand-crafts.
1968 J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts 59 Machine- and mass-production, together, have had a tremendous impact..on hand-crafts.
2011 Warwick (Queensland) Daily News (Nexis) 25 Aug. 2 We're more than happy to teach people one of the handcrafts on show here today.
b. = handicraft n. 1b.
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society > occupation and work > work > product of work > [noun] > done by hand
handworkOE
craftworkc1425
manufacture1567
handiworka1680
handicraft1891
craft1911
handcraft1920
1920 Bridgeport (Connecticut) Telegram 21 Oct. 15/1 The club members enjoyed the tea in the new homestead tea room and the gift shop where Mrs. W. J. Taft is in charge with a remarkable collection of handcrafts.
1959 Rotarian Nov. 22/2 Their family units have grown prosperous selling handcrafts to tourists.
1987 Down East Nov. 134/2 (advt.) Send for actual photos of other nautical handcrafts such as lobster-trap end tables.
2008 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 14 Feb. d3/4 We spent two days at the museum looking through everything from the most precious, detailed handcraft to the most banal and ordinary objects.
4. = handicraft n. 3. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > [noun] > manual worker > skilled worker or craftsman
wright?a695
craftyeOE
craftimanOE
craftmanc1275
wroughtc1275
master-mana1325
mister mana1325
craftsmana1382
man of craft1389
artificera1393
handcraftman?c1480
handcraftsman1485
mechanic1509
handcrafta1525
handicraftsman1530
artisana1538
handicraftmana1544
handicraft1547
artsman1551
artist1563
mechanician1570
tradesmana1591
mechanical1600
mechanist1606
Daedal?1614
blue apron1629
Daedalus1631
crafter1643
fitter1648
mystery-man1671
toolsman1821
fundi1860
tradie1912
craftspersona1917
a1525 ( Coventry Leet Bk. (1907) I. 29 (MED) Þat no maner of hand-Crafte were any lyuery, but of his owne Crafte þat he vsith.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

handcraftv.

Brit. /ˌhan(d)ˈkrɑːft/, /ˌhan(d)ˈkraft/, U.S. /ˌhæn(d)ˈkræft/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hand n., craft v.
Etymology: < hand n. + craft v. Compare earlier handcraft n. and slightly earlier handcrafted adj.
transitive. To craft or fashion by hand, esp. as opposed to by machine.
ΚΠ
1911 Colorado Springs Gaz. 17 Apr. 5/1 (advt.) In this hat department, the newest style conceptions for Spring. Style ideas hand-crafted by the foremost American and European makers.
1954 Racine (Wisconsin) Sunday Bull. 11 July 18/4 Rasmussen is ready to admit that few persons have mastered the art of hand-crafting violins.
1971 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 24 Oct. 4/2 All the fuel injection parts had to be handcrafted.
2006 Chile Pepper Feb. 50/1 Bruce Morgan..handcrafts exquisite wooden peppermills from rare and exotic woods.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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