avengev.

/əˈvɛndʒ/

Forms: Middle English–1500s auenge, (Middle English awenge), Middle English avenie (= je), Middle English–1500s aduenge, Middle English– avenge.

Etymology: < Old French avengier (3rd singular present avenge ), < à to + vengier < Latin vindicāre to claim as one's own, avenge: see vindicate v. The prefix a- was often in the 15–16th cent. expanded to ad-, after assumed Latin analogies; compare advertise, advance, advowson.Neither in earlier, nor even in modern, usage is the restriction of avenge and its derivatives to the idea of just retribution, as distinguished from the malicious retaliation of revenge, absolutely observed, although it largely prevails.

1. To take vengeance, inflict retributive punishment, exact satisfaction, or retaliate, on behalf of (an injured person, violated right, etc.); to vindicate. Const. on, upon, of (archaic), against (archaic or obsolete), (over obsolete) the offender; of, against the offence (archaic).

a. transitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender

wreakc825

awreak1048

wrackc1275

wrakec1275

venge1303

bewreakc1325

avenge1377

hevena1400

sella1400

revengec1425

prosecute1543

pursue1570

wrecka1593

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (an injury or injured person)

wreakc825

awreak1048

righta1275

wrackc1275

wrakec1275

venge1303

bewreakc1325

avenge1377

hevena1400

sella1400

revengec1425

countervenge1523

wrecka1593

redeem1598

vindicate1623

to pay off1749

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (a person)

wreakc950

rightOE

awreakc1275

vengec1325

avenge1377

revengea1470

wreck1570

society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender > on behalf of a person

wreakc888

awreakc1275

vengec1325

avenge1377

revengec1425

wreck1570

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xx. 382 Now kynde me auenge.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 155 He wolde his felowe a-venge yef he in eny wyse cowde.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke xviii. 3 Avenge [ Wyclif, venge] me of myne adversary.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. vi. 72 Remember to auenge me on the French.

1673 J. Milton Sonnets xv, in Poems (new ed.) 58 Avenge O Lord thy slaughter'd Saints.

1799 R. B. Sheridan Pizarro ii. iv Go, and avenge your fallen brethren.

1866 J. M. Neale Sequences & Hymns 74 Thou shalt avenge Thy right.

b. reflexive (on one's own behalf.)

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict retributive punishment for oneself [verb (reflexive)]

wreakc950

awreaka1250

vengea1340

avengec1380

wreche1398

revengec1425

requite1613

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute revenge [verb (reflexive)]

wreakc950

awreaka1250

vengea1340

avengec1380

wreche1398

revengec1425

right1598

requite1613

resent1618

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1029 Auenge þe her-of eft sone.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xiii. 162 Thus auenged he hym on her.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xvi. 297 Brute Beasts..they aduenge themselues.

1861 W. F. Hook Lives Archbishops I. vii. 377 Edwy had the power to avenge himself upon Dunstan.

figurative.1837 B. Disraeli Venetia I. 89 He..avenged himself at these moments for his habitual silence before third persons.

c. passively. (Chiefly with reflexive sense.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > take or execute revenge [verb (intransitive)] > be revenged

avengec1375

awreak1377

vengec1380

revenge?a1425

to get one's own back1887

c1375 J. Wyclif Antecrist 126 Crist was suffryng & forȝaue, & þei wolen be awengid.

c1440 Syr Gowghter 448 On the he will avenied be.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 418/2 I shal be aduengyd agenst the.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxix. 84 When wilt thou be auenged of my aduersaries?

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 143 Hee to be aveng'd..Determin'd to advance into our room A Creature form'd of Earth.

d. intransitive (reflexive pronoun omitted) To take vengeance.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict retributive punishment [verb (intransitive)]

wreakc825

to do, have, nim (= take), ta, or take wrake (of, on, or upon)?a900

to do (also take) wrack (on one)12..

to do, have, make, nim, seek, and esp. take wrechec1200

to take (also nim) vengeance1297

to perform, seek, spend, work, and esp. take (…) wreakc1330

vengec1400

revengec1485

avenge1535

hevenc1540

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > take or execute revenge [verb (intransitive)]

wreakc825

to do, have, nim (= take), ta, or take wrake (of, on, or upon)?a900

to do (also take) wrack (on one)12..

to do, have, make, nim, seek, and esp. take wrechec1200

to take (also nim) vengeance1297

wrakea1300

to perform, seek, spend, work, and esp. take (…) wreakc1330

vengec1400

revengec1485

avenge1535

hevenc1540

resent1612

exact1858

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. i. D I must ease me of myne enemies, and a venge [1611 auenge me] me vpon them.

1611 Bible (King James) Lev. xix. 18 Thou shalt not auenge [ Coverdale, thyself], nor beare any grudge against the children of thy people.

2. transitive. To take vengeance, inflict retributive punishment, or retaliate on account of, or to exact satisfaction for (a wrong or injury, or the feelings of resentment caused by it). Const. as in 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > seek vengeance for (an injury)

avenge1377

prosecute1543

pursue1570

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (an injury or injured person) > on a person

wreakOE

avenge1377

repay1614

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 101 For be þis derkenesse ydo his deth worth avenged.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxxv. 128 For to auenge his grete yre.

1541 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 289/1 The which God shall aduenge full straitly ouer you.

1611 Bible (King James) Hosea i. 4 I will auenge the blood of Iezreel vpon the house of Iehu.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 112 To avenge even a look that threatened her with insult.

1860 W. N. Massey Hist. Eng. III. xxix. 267 Private grudges were avenged.

†3. To take vengeance upon. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > take vengeance on

yieldc1380

vengea1470

revenge?1526

avenge1633

society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender > inflict retributive punishment upon

yieldc1380

putc1390

rewardc1400

pay?c1450

vengea1470

revenge?1526

avenge1633

to pay back1655

to pay off1699

to serve out1809

to pay out1849

1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 206 Thy mercy in blessing and forgiving thy people, and thy judgement in avenging thine enemies.

1666 E. Reynolds Serm. Westm. 7 Nov. 27 Even in the avenging of conquer'd Enemies Moderation is advantagious.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	avenge
释义	avengen. Etymology: < avenge v.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: aˈvenge. archaic. Execution of vengeance; retributive punishment, retaliation (either upon an offender, or on account of a wrong). ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > [noun] wrakec825 wrechec1175 yielda1200 wrakedomc1275 vengeancea1300 hevening1303 vengement1338 wreakc1340 rewardc1350 retributiona1425 revengeancec1480 wratha1500 revengementa1513 avengeance1535 avenge1568 ultion1575 venge1587 wreck1591 nemesis1597 revanche1615 vindict1639 vindication1647 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > [noun] wrakec825 wrackc900 wrechec1175 yielda1200 wrakedomc1275 vengeancea1300 vengement1338 awreaking1340 rewardc1350 revengeancec1480 wratha1500 avengementa1513 revengementa1513 revengea1525 avengeance1535 avenge1568 requital1569 ultion1575 venge1587 wreck1591 revanche1615 vindict1639 payback1973 1568 Queen Elizabeth I Instr. to Commissioners in S. Alford Early Elizabethan Polity (1998) App. vi. 240 Fearing his avenge when he shall come to age. a1603 T. Cartwright Confut. Rhemists New Test. (1618) 668 That for Gods glory in the avenge of Idolatry..there should be no rain for a time. 1880 Lit. World 31 Dec. 453/1 A Spanish avenge for the death of Mary Queen of Scots. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2019). avengev. /əˈvɛndʒ/ Forms: Middle English–1500s auenge, (Middle English awenge), Middle English avenie (= je), Middle English–1500s aduenge, Middle English– avenge. Etymology: < Old French avengier (3rd singular present avenge ), < à to + vengier < Latin vindicāre to claim as one's own, avenge: see vindicate v. The prefix a- was often in the 15–16th cent. expanded to ad-, after assumed Latin analogies; compare advertise, advance, advowson.Neither in earlier, nor even in modern, usage is the restriction of avenge and its derivatives to the idea of just retribution, as distinguished from the malicious retaliation of revenge, absolutely observed, although it largely prevails. 1. To take vengeance, inflict retributive punishment, exact satisfaction, or retaliate, on behalf of (an injured person, violated right, etc.); to vindicate. Const. on, upon, of (archaic), against (archaic or obsolete), (over obsolete) the offender; of, against the offence (archaic). a. transitive. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender wreakc825 awreak1048 wrackc1275 wrakec1275 venge1303 bewreakc1325 avenge1377 hevena1400 sella1400 revengec1425 prosecute1543 pursue1570 wrecka1593 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (an injury or injured person) wreakc825 awreak1048 righta1275 wrackc1275 wrakec1275 venge1303 bewreakc1325 avenge1377 hevena1400 sella1400 revengec1425 countervenge1523 wrecka1593 redeem1598 vindicate1623 to pay off1749 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (a person) wreakc950 rightOE awreakc1275 vengec1325 avenge1377 revengea1470 wreck1570 society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender > on behalf of a person wreakc888 awreakc1275 vengec1325 avenge1377 revengec1425 wreck1570 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xx. 382 Now kynde me auenge. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 155 He wolde his felowe a-venge yef he in eny wyse cowde. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke xviii. 3 Avenge [ Wyclif, venge] me of myne adversary. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) i. vi. 72 Remember to auenge me on the French. View more context for this quotation 1673 J. Milton Sonnets xv, in Poems (new ed.) 58 Avenge O Lord thy slaughter'd Saints. 1799 R. B. Sheridan Pizarro ii. iv Go, and avenge your fallen brethren. 1866 J. M. Neale Sequences & Hymns 74 Thou shalt avenge Thy right. b. reflexive (on one's own behalf.) ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict retributive punishment for oneself [verb (reflexive)] wreakc950 awreaka1250 vengea1340 avengec1380 wreche1398 revengec1425 requite1613 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute revenge [verb (reflexive)] wreakc950 awreaka1250 vengea1340 avengec1380 wreche1398 revengec1425 right1598 requite1613 resent1618 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1029 Auenge þe her-of eft sone. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. xiii. 162 Thus auenged he hym on her. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xvi. 297 Brute Beasts..they aduenge themselues. 1861 W. F. Hook Lives Archbishops I. vii. 377 Edwy had the power to avenge himself upon Dunstan. figurative.1837 B. Disraeli Venetia I. 89 He..avenged himself at these moments for his habitual silence before third persons. c. passively. (Chiefly with reflexive sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > take or execute revenge [verb (intransitive)] > be revenged avengec1375 awreak1377 vengec1380 revenge?a1425 to get one's own back1887 c1375 J. Wyclif Antecrist 126 Crist was suffryng & forȝaue, & þei wolen be awengid. c1440 Syr Gowghter 448 On the he will avenied be. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 418/2 I shal be aduengyd agenst the. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms cxix. 84 When wilt thou be auenged of my aduersaries? 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 143 Hee to be aveng'd..Determin'd to advance into our room A Creature form'd of Earth. View more context for this quotation d. intransitive (reflexive pronoun omitted) To take vengeance. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict retributive punishment [verb (intransitive)] wreakc825 to do, have, nim (= take), ta, or take wrake (of, on, or upon)?a900 to do (also take) wrack (on one)12.. to do, have, make, nim, seek, and esp. take wrechec1200 to take (also nim) vengeance1297 to perform, seek, spend, work, and esp. take (…) wreakc1330 visita1382 vengec1400 revengec1485 avenge1535 hevenc1540 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > take or execute revenge [verb (intransitive)] wreakc825 to do, have, nim (= take), ta, or take wrake (of, on, or upon)?a900 to do (also take) wrack (on one)12.. to do, have, make, nim, seek, and esp. take wrechec1200 to take (also nim) vengeance1297 wrakea1300 to perform, seek, spend, work, and esp. take (…) wreakc1330 visita1382 vengec1400 revengec1485 avenge1535 hevenc1540 resent1612 exact1858 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. i. D I must ease me of myne enemies, and a venge [1611 auenge me] me vpon them. 1611 Bible (King James) Lev. xix. 18 Thou shalt not auenge [ Coverdale, thyself], nor beare any grudge against the children of thy people. View more context for this quotation 2. transitive. To take vengeance, inflict retributive punishment, or retaliate on account of, or to exact satisfaction for (a wrong or injury, or the feelings of resentment caused by it). Const. as in 1. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > seek vengeance for (an injury) avenge1377 prosecute1543 pursue1570 the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > avenge (an injury or injured person) > on a person wreakOE avenge1377 visita1382 repay1614 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 101 For be þis derkenesse ydo his deth worth avenged. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxxv. 128 For to auenge his grete yre. 1541 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 289/1 The which God shall aduenge full straitly ouer you. 1611 Bible (King James) Hosea i. 4 I will auenge the blood of Iezreel vpon the house of Iehu. View more context for this quotation 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 112 To avenge even a look that threatened her with insult. View more context for this quotation 1860 W. N. Massey Hist. Eng. III. xxix. 267 Private grudges were avenged. †3. To take vengeance upon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > revenge > execute (vengeance) [verb (transitive)] > take vengeance on yieldc1380 vengea1470 revenge?1526 avenge1633 society > authority > punishment > retributive punishment > inflict (retributive punishment) [verb (transitive)] > for an offence or on an offender > inflict retributive punishment upon yieldc1380 putc1390 rewardc1400 pay?c1450 vengea1470 revenge?1526 avenge1633 to pay back1655 to pay off1699 to serve out1809 to pay out1849 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 206 Thy mercy in blessing and forgiving thy people, and thy judgement in avenging thine enemies. 1666 E. Reynolds Serm. Westm. 7 Nov. 27 Even in the avenging of conquer'd Enemies Moderation is advantagious. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1568v.c1375
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avengen.

avengev.