haploidadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈhaplɔɪd/, U.S.

/ˈhæpˌlɔɪd/

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Haploid.

Etymology: < German Haploid, noun (E. Strasburger 1905, in Jahrbuch für wissensch. Bot. 42 62) < ancient Greek ἁπλόος (uncontracted ἁπλοῦς ) single (see haplo- comb. form) + German Id id n.² With use as adjective compare -oid suffix and German haploidisch (E. Strasburger 1905, in Jahrbuch für wissensch. Bot. 42 62). Compare also diploid n. and adj.

Biology.

A. adj.

Relating to or characterized by the number of chromosomes that is typical of an organism's gametes (sperm and ova) and is commonly half of the number normally present in the somatic cells; designating such a number. Also: relating to or characterized by a single set of chromosomes without homologous pairs; monoploid. Cf. diploid adj., polyploid adj.In humans and many other organisms, the somatic cells typically are diploid (containing two homologous sets of chromosomes) and the gametes are haploid and monoploid (containing one set); but some polyploid organisms (including many plants) produce gametes having more than one set (haploid but not monoploid), and other organisms (such as male bees and wasps and most algae, fungi, and mosses) are haploid during the dominant part of the life cycle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > ploidy

haploid1906

amphikaryotic1909

polyenergid1911

polyploid1911

triploid1911

tetraploid1914

hexaploid1920

octoploid1921

pentaploid1921

triplex1921

orthoploid1923

aneuploid1924

heteroploid1926

allopolyploid1927

monoploid1928

haplontic1929

hyperdiploid1929

amphidiploid1930

hyperploid1930

hypoploid1930

polysomic1930

mixoploid1931

allotetraploid1932

autopolyploid1934

autotetraploid1935

autoploid1937

polysomatic1937

monosomatic1939

polyploidizing1941

polyploidogenic1944

amphiploid1945

merodiploid1961

pseudodiploid1963

1906 Bot. Gaz. 41 365 The condition is haploid, or gametophytic.

1927 J. B. S. Haldane & J. S. Huxley Animal Biol. ii. 60 (caption) The first maturation division is also the reduction division, the 2n or diploid number of chromosomes (here taken as 6) found in the body-cells being reduced to n, the haploid number.

1946 Nature 17 Aug. 239/2 Since the basic haploid number of Artemia salina is known to be 21, the present race must be considered as decaploid with a slight augmentation of the number of 105 tetrads.

1977 T. I. Storer et al. Elements Zool. (ed. 4) x. 142/2 The queen honeybee..also lays unfertilized eggs that yield haploid (n) males or drones.

2010 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 191 1359/1 These spermatids contained either two or four haploid nuclei.

B. n.

A haploid organism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > ploidy > individual

haploid1908

tetraploid1914

haplont1918

hexaploid1921

pentaploid1921

pseudotetraploid1923

octoploid1926

triploid1927

allopolyploid1928

autopolyploid1928

polyploid1928

hyperdiploid1929

allotetraploid1930

autotetraploid1930

hyperploid1930

hypoploid1930

autoploid1932

polysomic1933

mixoploid1939

monoploid1944

amphiploid1945

merozygote1956

merodiploid1964

1908 W. H. Lang Strasburger's Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 3) i. i. 165 The organism with the single number of chromosomes may be termed the haploid, or haploid generation, that with the double number the diploid, or diploid generation.

1968 J. A. Serra Mod. Genetics III. xx. 150 The course of meiosis is expected to be different in haploids derived from diploids than it is in haploids derived from polyploids.

1998 L. Margulis & K. V. Schwartz Five Kingdoms (ed. 3) ii. 140/2 Both diploids and haploids can also undergo schizogony, a series of rapid cell divisions by mitosis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	haploid
释义	haploidadj.n. Brit. /ˈhaplɔɪd/, U.S. /ˈhæpˌlɔɪd/ Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Haploid. Etymology: < German Haploid, noun (E. Strasburger 1905, in Jahrbuch für wissensch. Bot. 42 62) < ancient Greek ἁπλόος (uncontracted ἁπλοῦς ) single (see haplo- comb. form) + German Id id n.² With use as adjective compare -oid suffix and German haploidisch (E. Strasburger 1905, in Jahrbuch für wissensch. Bot. 42 62). Compare also diploid n. and adj. Biology. A. adj. Relating to or characterized by the number of chromosomes that is typical of an organism's gametes (sperm and ova) and is commonly half of the number normally present in the somatic cells; designating such a number. Also: relating to or characterized by a single set of chromosomes without homologous pairs; monoploid. Cf. diploid adj., polyploid adj.In humans and many other organisms, the somatic cells typically are diploid (containing two homologous sets of chromosomes) and the gametes are haploid and monoploid (containing one set); but some polyploid organisms (including many plants) produce gametes having more than one set (haploid but not monoploid), and other organisms (such as male bees and wasps and most algae, fungi, and mosses) are haploid during the dominant part of the life cycle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > ploidy haploid1906 amphikaryotic1909 polyenergid1911 polyploid1911 triploid1911 tetraploid1914 hexaploid1920 octoploid1921 pentaploid1921 triplex1921 orthoploid1923 aneuploid1924 heteroploid1926 allopolyploid1927 monoploid1928 haplontic1929 hyperdiploid1929 amphidiploid1930 hyperploid1930 hypoploid1930 polysomic1930 mixoploid1931 allotetraploid1932 autopolyploid1934 autotetraploid1935 autoploid1937 polysomatic1937 monosomatic1939 polyploidizing1941 polyploidogenic1944 amphiploid1945 merodiploid1961 pseudodiploid1963 1906 Bot. Gaz. 41 365 The condition is haploid, or gametophytic. 1927 J. B. S. Haldane & J. S. Huxley Animal Biol. ii. 60 (caption) The first maturation division is also the reduction division, the 2n or diploid number of chromosomes (here taken as 6) found in the body-cells being reduced to n, the haploid number. 1946 Nature 17 Aug. 239/2 Since the basic haploid number of Artemia salina is known to be 21, the present race must be considered as decaploid with a slight augmentation of the number of 105 tetrads. 1977 T. I. Storer et al. Elements Zool. (ed. 4) x. 142/2 The queen honeybee..also lays unfertilized eggs that yield haploid (n) males or drones. 2010 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 191 1359/1 These spermatids contained either two or four haploid nuclei. B. n. A haploid organism. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > ploidy > individual haploid1908 tetraploid1914 haplont1918 hexaploid1921 pentaploid1921 pseudotetraploid1923 octoploid1926 triploid1927 allopolyploid1928 autopolyploid1928 polyploid1928 hyperdiploid1929 allotetraploid1930 autotetraploid1930 hyperploid1930 hypoploid1930 autoploid1932 polysomic1933 mixoploid1939 monoploid1944 amphiploid1945 merozygote1956 merodiploid1964 1908 W. H. Lang Strasburger's Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 3) i. i. 165 The organism with the single number of chromosomes may be termed the haploid, or haploid generation, that with the double number the diploid, or diploid generation. 1968 J. A. Serra Mod. Genetics III. xx. 150 The course of meiosis is expected to be different in haploids derived from diploids than it is in haploids derived from polyploids. 1998 L. Margulis & K. V. Schwartz Five Kingdoms (ed. 3) ii. 140/2 Both diploids and haploids can also undergo schizogony, a series of rapid cell divisions by mitosis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1906
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