haptenn.

Brit.

/ˈhapt(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈhæpt(ə)n/

Forms: 1900s– hapten, 1900s– haptene (rare).

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Hapten.

Etymology: < German Hapten (K. Landsteiner 1921, in Biochem. Zeitschr. 119 303; the title of this article is translated in quot. 1921 at main sense) < ancient Greek ἅπτειν to fasten (see haptic adj.) + German -en (in Antigen antigen n.). Compare earlier haptine n.

Immunology.

A relatively small molecule which can elicit antibody production or other immune responses only after binding to another substance (usually a protein).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > immunogen or antigen > [noun] > hapten

hapten1921

1921 Chem. Abstr. 15 3317 (heading) Heterogeneous antigens and haptenes [Ger. Heterogenetisches Antigen und Hapten].

1922 tr. K. Landsteiner in Proc. Sect. Sci. (Koninklijke Akad. van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam) 23 1169 As it will be convenient to have a special name for such substances which react specifically with immune serum which however do not immunize and consequently are not antigens, I propose to term them as haptens.

1931 C. H. Browning in Syst. Bacteriol. (Med. Res. Council) VI. 206 These non-protein substances when isolated do not by themselves cause antibody production in vivo; therefore Landsteiner has classed them as ‘haptens’ in contrast to true antigens.

1969 New Scientist 12 June 575/1 Low molecular weight chemicals (haptens) which are themselves non-antigenic but become antigenic when conjugated to ‘carrier’ proteins.

2010 J. Floege et al. Comprehensive Clin. Nephrol. lx. 729/1 These mechanisms [of induction of acute interstitial nephritis] including binding to kidney structures (‘planted antigen’); acting as haptens that modify the immunogenicity of native renal proteins; [etc.].

Derivatives

hapˈtenic adj. of the nature of a hapten; of or relating to a hapten.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > immunogen or antigen > [adjective] > hapten

haptenic1928

1928 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 18 Oct. 793/1 The corresponding adjectives would be ‘antigenic’ and ‘haptenic’.

1970 European Jrnl. Biochem. 14 379 The haptenic activity is completely destroyed by periodate oxidation.

2007 Bioconjugate Chem. 18 1995 Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using the immune sera confirmed the haptenic nature of xylitol.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hapten
释义	haptenn. Brit. /ˈhapt(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈhæpt(ə)n/ Forms: 1900s– hapten, 1900s– haptene (rare). Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Hapten. Etymology: < German Hapten (K. Landsteiner 1921, in Biochem. Zeitschr. 119 303; the title of this article is translated in quot. 1921 at main sense) < ancient Greek ἅπτειν to fasten (see haptic adj.) + German -en (in Antigen antigen n.). Compare earlier haptine n. Immunology. A relatively small molecule which can elicit antibody production or other immune responses only after binding to another substance (usually a protein). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > immunogen or antigen > [noun] > hapten hapten1921 1921 Chem. Abstr. 15 3317 (heading) Heterogeneous antigens and haptenes [Ger. Heterogenetisches Antigen und Hapten]. 1922 tr. K. Landsteiner in Proc. Sect. Sci. (Koninklijke Akad. van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam) 23 1169 As it will be convenient to have a special name for such substances which react specifically with immune serum which however do not immunize and consequently are not antigens, I propose to term them as haptens. 1931 C. H. Browning in Syst. Bacteriol. (Med. Res. Council) VI. 206 These non-protein substances when isolated do not by themselves cause antibody production in vivo; therefore Landsteiner has classed them as ‘haptens’ in contrast to true antigens. 1969 New Scientist 12 June 575/1 Low molecular weight chemicals (haptens) which are themselves non-antigenic but become antigenic when conjugated to ‘carrier’ proteins. 2010 J. Floege et al. Comprehensive Clin. Nephrol. lx. 729/1 These mechanisms [of induction of acute interstitial nephritis] including binding to kidney structures (‘planted antigen’); acting as haptens that modify the immunogenicity of native renal proteins; [etc.]. Derivatives hapˈtenic adj. of the nature of a hapten; of or relating to a hapten. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > immunogen or antigen > [adjective] > hapten haptenic1928 1928 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 18 Oct. 793/1 The corresponding adjectives would be ‘antigenic’ and ‘haptenic’. 1970 European Jrnl. Biochem. 14 379 The haptenic activity is completely destroyed by periodate oxidation. 2007 Bioconjugate Chem. 18 1995 Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using the immune sera confirmed the haptenic nature of xylitol. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1921
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