| 释义 |
haspn. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Dutch haspe bolt, clasp (early modern Dutch hesp ), Middle Low German hespe , haspe hinge (especially of a door or window), Middle High German haspe , hespe , in the same sense (German Haspe ), Old Icelandic hespa fastening, of uncertain origin, probably the same word as Middle Dutch haspe reel, skein of yarn (Dutch hasp ), Middle Low German haspe (rare) silk thread reeled off a cocoon, Middle High German haspe reel (German (regional: Swiss) Hasp strand, e.g. of yarn), Old Icelandic hespa skein of wool, further etymology unknown. If the two groups of Germanic words are of the same origin, the original sense development is not entirely clear; a semantic connection might be the shape of an implement for reeling yarn. Branch II. may show the reflex of this second group of words in English. However, it could alternatively show influence from Scandinavian languages (or perhaps Middle Dutch and Middle Low German), a hypothesis perhaps supported by the East Anglian provenance of the Middle English examples in sense 4.With branch I. compare ( < English) post-classical Latin haspa , hespa , hapsa contrivance for fastening a door or window (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), and Anglo-Norman haspe , hespe , apse clasp for fastening a garment (early 12th cent.), contrivance for fastening a door or window (13th cent.). With by hasp and staple compare Anglo-Norman par le haspe ou par le anel del uihs , lit. ‘by the hasp or by the door-ring’ (late 13th cent.) and post-classical Latin per haspam vel per anulum , lit. ‘by the hasp or by the ring’ (mid 13th cent. in a British source), both with reference to seisin, which may reflect a similar legal phrase in Middle English. Form history. In Old English a weak feminine (hæpse ). The α. forms show metathesis of sp to ps , a sound change characteristic of late West Saxon Old English. Spurious sense. N.E.D. (1898) cited 19th-cent. dictionary evidence for the sense ‘a scarifier’, which appears to be an error for hash n.1 6. I. A hinged metal plate forming part of a fastening, and related senses. 1. society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > hasp or clasp OE Ælfric (Julius) (1900) II. 328 Sum sloh mid slecge swiðe þa hæpsan [L. serae aut pessulo], sum heora mid feolan feolode abutan. OE Aldhelm Glosses (Brussels 1650) in L. Goossens (1974) 402 [Arcarum] clustella [reserantur] : i. serra, hepse uel loca. lOE (Corpus Cambr.) xviii. §1. 455 Ne sceolde he nan ðing forgyman, ðe æfre to note mehte: ne forða musfellan ne, þæt git læsse is, to hæpsan pinn. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1973) l. 5677 Fast oȝain þe gate he leke Wiþ lockes haspes and mani pin Wiþ mani bar and mani gin. 1338 in W. Greenwell (1857) 203 Item in iiij bordis empt. pro fenestris dressuræ faciendis 8d... In hespes et staples pro eisdem 1d. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 284 To the chambre dore he gan hym dresse..And by the haspe [c1415 Lansd. hespe] he haaf it vp atones. a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve (Harl. 4866) (1897) l. 1104 Vp is broken lok, hasp, barre, & pyn. 1463 in (1841) 219 (MED) Item, payd to a smeyt ffor haspys and semewys for koferys for bowys and arwys, xx d. 1515 in E. Hobhouse (1890) 70 For mendyng off a happys..ijd. 1560 in T. Wright (1869) 96 A stapulle and a haspe for the..chest. 1572 in W. H. Stevenson (1889) IV. 145 Stapyles, hespes, and brages. 1611 R. Cotgrave Targette, a kind of snacket, or haspe, wherewith casemates, &c., are closed. 1631 (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/5) For charnells and haspes for the two chests in our hall. 1680 No. 1537/4 One Sugar-Box..with a Hasp to fasten it on one side. 1735 W. Pardon Hasp, a small Iron or Brass Fastening to a Hatch or half Door. 1796 (Royal Soc.) 86 340 The hasp and staple made use of for the padlock were of wood. 1852 H. B. Stowe I. xv. 232 ‘This trunk has got to be shut and locked’... The hasp snapped sharply in its hole. 1886 G. M. Fenn I. vi. 63 The spring of the window hasp. 1916 3 228 A lead seal securing the hasp of the box insures the sterility of the bottle. 1966 A. MacLean x. 207 The doors, instead of bursting open at their central hasps, broke off at the hinges. 2014 S. L. Carter (2015) xiii. 98 In addition to the usual swivel clasp, the window was secured by a metal hasp with a padlock threaded through it. 1830 P. Hedderwick iii. i. 326 Dimensions of the hasp for the bowsprit.—This hasp is fastened to the inside of the stem or apron at one end, and to the hass-timber at the other. 1867 W. H. Smyth Hasp, a semi-circular clamp turning in an eye-bolt in the stem-head of a sloop or boat, and fastened by a forelock in order to secure the bowsprit down to the bows. 1874 T. Stevenson (ed. 2) viii. 152 They [sc. the booms] are also warped down or fixed with an iron hasp at the coping course. 1926 C. G. Davis iv. 78 The other, outer jib-booms, were fastened in a similar manner,—butting the cap and fastened with an iron bale or hasp on ships after about the year 1812, or lashed with rope on ships of an earlier date. 1968 Autumn 108 The heel of the jibboom was built out square below to a point above the inboard end of the bee-seats; at that point there was an iron strap or hasp securing the jibboom to the bowsprit. society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > [noun] > suit of armour > clasp or fastening the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > fastenings > hook(s) and eye(s) > hook society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > fastenings c1300 (Laud Misc. 108) (1889) 59 (MED) A develes cope for to bere Al brennynde on him was kest, With hote haspes imad to spere. c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 82 The haspis of his helme heturly brast. 1657 W. Rand tr. P. Gassendi v. 120 Pictures and representations of divers kinds of Fibulae, buttons or hasps to perfect that work, which he had taken in hand, touching the apparel of the Ancients. a1685 M. Evelyn (1690) 4 A curious Hasp The Manteau 'bout her Neck to clasp. 1715 tr. G. Panciroli I. iv. ii. 155 Shoes..either lac'd close..or else clasp'd with Taches or Hasps. 1777 P. Thicknesse II. li. 146 The silver hasp, and some of the ornaments of these garments, are still perfect. 1829 T. Hood Dream Eugene Aram in 1 110 He strain'd the dusky covers close, And fix'd the brazen hasp. 1882 J. E. T. Rogers IV. 735 Book hasps, brass. 1912 J. A. Green 25 The photograph album and fifty-pound family Bible with those gilt hasps. 2007 Y. S. Wilce viii. 80 A gilt hasp kept the book closed, but the hasp opened easily when I tugged on it. society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > parts of tools generally > [noun] > handle > of specific tool 1770 O. Goldsmith Let. to Sir J. Reynolds in (1900) XI. 222 Four [men] got under each trunk, the rest surrounded, and held the hasps. 1868 W. Collins I. xv. 254 An old jappaned tin case, with a cover to it, and a hasp to hang it up by. II. A quantity of yarn; a reel. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > skein or hank 1390–1 in W. Hudson (1892) 75 Robertus Tytell invenit x hespys de Irlondyern pretii iiij d. (Harl. 221) 238 Hespe of threde, mataxa, haspum,..filipulus. c1450 (a1375) (Calig.) (1979) l. 1442 Þe brydel was made of chaynys, Of grete haspys wer þe reynys. 1468 in J. C. Tingey (1910) II. 99 (MED) It is ordeyned by the assent of the comon counseile that hens forward ther shall be no persone selle withynne this cite any lynen warp..but if that warpe..bere at the leest withynne the bowt of euery haspe a yard by the Kyngges standard. c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 61 Hore huet on his hede as haspis of silke. 1603 in J. Harland (1856) I. 152 Delivered to her xxviij haspes or slippinges of line yearn,..and v haspes or slippinges of canves yearne. 1629 in J. D. Marwick (1878) III. 284 That the magistrattis trye the lenth of the hesp and caus nomber the threids thairof. 1693 in (2007) 1693/4/105 Their majesties prohibite and discharge the selling any linnen yarne not put up into hesps, each hesp containing twelve cutts, and each cutt containing six score threeds, and that no reele be made use of under the measure and length of ten quarters. 1717 in A. H. Millar (1909) Introd. p. xxvi Yarn, 20 Spindles, 1 Hasp, and 3 Heer, at 2s. per Spindle. 1768 A. Ross ii. 86 Among us a' a ravell'd hesp ye've made, Sae now, put too your hand, an help to red. 1793 J. Sinclair VI. 43 About 30 years ago..a hesp or slip, which is the fourth part of a spindle, was thought a sufficient day's work for a woman. 1824 W. Scott I. xi. 238 A tangled hesp to wind. 1873 J. Wood 6 And thrice his dearest nearest gear—Maun through the hasp o' green yarn pass. 1903 D. Thomson ix. 105 Counting slowly over the threads in a haer or hesp of yarn. 1971 D. J. Jeremy in 45 347 The statutory Scottish linen reel of 90 inches together with the 300 yard cut (skein) and 3,600 yard hesp (hank), legally established in 1693, were preserved after the Act of Union by a Westminster statute of 1726. 1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Hasp, alabrum seu Instrumentum Textorium in quod filum fusi evolvitur. 1724 N. Bailey (ed. 2) An Hasp,..a reel to wind Yarn on. [Also in later dictionaries.] Phrasessociety > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > right to succeed to title, position, or estate > succession > by succession [phrase] > form of entering heir in possession 1530 in R. Renwick (1897) IV. 27 Jhon Wan..gaif stait and saesing, be hesp and stapyll, of x schilling of anwell. 1569 in J. Balfour (1754) 175 Or he sould be saisit be hesp and stapill, as the commoun use is within burgh. 1681 Visct. Stair xiii. 242 Seasines within Burgh, for serving of Heirs by Hesp and Staple, by the immemorial Custom and Priviledge of Burgh, being given by the Town-Clerk. 1762 10 Cognition by Hasp and Staple is held to be a sufficient Service in Burgage-tenements. 1861 G. Ross (rev. ed.) Hasp and Staple is the form of entering an heir in a burgage subject... The claimant alleges his title, and proves it by witnesses; on which the bailie declares him to be heir, and makes him take hold of the hasp and staple of the door as a symbol of possession, and then enter the house and bolt himself in. Compounds1775 10 June A large flowered Waggon-Box, with a Hasp-Lock. 1898 25 Nov. 850/3 The box cars will have Wagner doors with common hasp fastenings. 1905 252 1 dozen pair 6-inch hasp hinges. 1935 Feb. 293/1 Remove the hasp pin and grind the parts back for insertion of a small coil spring as indicated. 2016 (Nexis) 6 Apr. 14 Crime prevention advice includes; having a sturdy lock on your shed such as a hasp lock and staple. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). haspv. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymon: hasp n. Etymology: < hasp n. Compare post-classical Latin haspare, hapsare to fasten with a hasp (from late 13th cent. in British sources).In Old English the prefixed form behæpsian to fasten with a hasp (compare be- prefix) is also attested. With the α. forms compare discussion at hasp n. society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > fastening > fasten [verb (transitive)] > with hasp or clasp OE Ælfric (St. John's Oxf.) 220 Sero..ic scytte sum loc oððe hæpsige. OE Ælfric (St. John's Oxf.) 165 Sero.., ic hæpsige[c1225 Worcester ic haspie]. c1390 (?c1350) (1871) l. 205 A dore..haspet ful faste. a1400 (Laud) (1932) l. 755 Þe gold hewen helme haspeþ he blyue. c1400 (?c1380) (1920) l. 419 Withouten..Hurrok oþer hande-helme hasped on roþer. a1500 (?a1450) (BL Add. 9066) (1879) 409 Be not a-ferde,..for I shall haspe the dore, and pynne it with a pynne. c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 132 Ector..Haspit on his helme & his horse toke. 1611 R. Cotgrave Aggraffer.., to buckle, or haspe. 1652 F. Kirkman tr. xxxix. 191 Hasping his Helmet he came towards the Solitary, and encountred him so strongly that he broke his Lance to the point. 1727 R. Bradley (Dublin ed.) at Bee hive A small light Wooden Shutter, to hasp in cold Weather on the Outside. 1764 II. 119 The Door had a Hasp and a Staple to put a Padlock on, he hasped it and kept me in. 1854 H. Miller (1858) 15 The companion-head was hasped down. 1882 I. Mayo II. 181 She went to the window and hasped it. 1922 E. R. Eddison viii. 105 Mighty chests and almeries hasped and bound with gold stood against the wall. 1991 S. Davies 39 She hasps the gate and turns for the bus-stop. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. i. l. 171 So harde heo beoþ with Auarice I-haspet to-gedere [C text c1400 Huntington HM 137 So harde hath aueryce hasped hem to-gederes]. 1783 J. Young 61 Two faithful hearts, that shall seem both two and one; so closely are they hasped together with a true love dart. 2005 63 496 All around me the love-bugs swirl, hasped forever in their relentless coupling. the mind > emotion > love > embrace > [verb (transitive)] c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 1388 He hasppeȝ his fayre hals his armeȝ wyth-inne, & kysses hym. 1607 T. Middleton iii. sig. F3v If hee tooke mee haspt within his bed. society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > of armour: protect [verb (transitive)] > clothe with or encase in the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > with specific garments > other c1400 (?c1380) l. 381 He askeȝ heterly a hayre and hasped hym vmbe. c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 281 If I were hasped in armes on a heȝe stede. c1450 (?a1400) (BL Add. 31042) 201 (MED) Me were leuere..lengen a while..Harde haspede in my helme and in my here-wedys. society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)] 1620 T. Matthew tr. St. John of Avila lxxvii. 390 The Child..who letteth the mother see, where the thorne hath haspt it self into his hand; and he beggeth of her with teares, that she will pull it out. 1680 12 He told me..that he had been Squeez'd and hasped into a thing like a Trough, in a Dungeon under ground. 1699 S. Garth v. 57 Haspt in a Tombril..With one fat Slave before, and none behind. 1711 R. Steele No. 132. ⁋2 Being hasped up with thee in this publick Vehicle. 1711 R. Steele No. 155. ⁋2 I keep a Coffee-house..I am unavoidably hasped in my Bar. 1737 Jan. 42/1 Hasp'd up in tumbrell with a brace of beaux, To neighb'ring towns the gadding stroller goes. Derivatives c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 7v He fongid þo freikes..With hailsyng of hed bare haspyng in armys. 1611 R. Cotgrave Aggraffement, a hooking, clasping..a hasping. 1850 G. W. Johnson IV. 382/1 The tying down to a wire at the rim of the pot, and the hasping by thread of the alternate branches to keep them in their place. 1919 June 48/1 Few doors at the Point were provided with bolts or bars... The hasping was an unwonted addition to the usual ceremony. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.OE v.OE |
