hard currencyn.

Brit.

/ˌhɑːd ˈkʌrənsi/,

/ˌhɑːd ˈkʌrn̩si/, U.S.

/ˌhɑrd ˈkərənsi/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., currency n.

Etymology: < hard adj. + currency n.

1. Currency, or a currency, in the form of coins as opposed to banknotes, bills, etc.; metallic currency. Later also: coins, banknotes, or other objects or documents viewed as having exchangeable value, as opposed to unsecured paper credit. Cf. hard adj. 7a.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun]

mintOE

moneya1325

coin1393

ready money1429

plate?a1439

coinage1467

cunyec1480

cogc1555

table money1565

chinks1577

cash1596

speciesa1618

spetia1620

specie1671

coliander seed1699

coriander-seed1737

shiners1760

jinkc1775

decimal coinage1794

coriander1801

hard currency1816

rowdy1831

Oscar Asche1905

1816 Nat. Reg. (Washington, D.C.) 18 May 180/1 It could not be expected that the solid coin could have been restored, within the short period since we shipped to England millions of hard currency.

1863 F. Bowen Princ. Polit. Econ. xix. 317 To restrict the issue of bank-notes, and to recur to a ‘hard currency’, is the measure usually recommended at such periods.

1916 Chester (Pa.) Times 19 May 5/4 It takes cash, good hard currency of the realm, to fill a table and appease the appetite of an epicure.

1948 Hansard Commons 9 Mar. 1003 Does the Chancellor of the Exchequer think it right to spend over £60 million a year in hard currency?

2006 K. W. Bender Moneymakers iii. 71 Pyongyang had no hard currency and all the Western banks approached refused to open a letter of credit for the purchase.

2. A currency which is convertible into other currencies, and whose price in terms of other currencies is expected to remain stable or rise. Cf. soft adj. 26c.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > [noun] > types of currency

soft currency1837

fiat-money1880

token coinage1881

token-money1889

token currency1893

monopoly money1895

hard currency1940

soft currency1940

reserve currency1950

petrocurrency1974

cryptocurrency1991

commodity dollar1998

1940 Scotsman 6 Mar. 13/3 Road transport relied almost entirely upon the use of fuel which had to be imported..and much of which had to be paid for in what we aptly termed hard currencies.

1989 Correspondent Mag. 29 Oct. 36/1 The first shop is an ordinary one, where local currency can be used, the second a Pewex—hard currency only.

2002 E. A. Gargan River's Tale iv. 139 Economic activity..seemed to employ more Thai baht, a hard currency, than the ephemeral and largely useless Burmese kyat.

Compounds

General attributive.

ΚΠ

1940 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 24 June 8/5 The government's war orders have contributed..to the increase in imports from hard currency countries.

1952 N.Y. Times 6 May 28/2 The trade imbalance and the drain of gold and hard currency reserves have lessened.

1990 Daily Tel. 28 Apr. 26/3 In return for a hard currency payment, the sponsors can have priority booking for guests and the use of a hospitality suite.

2002 A. Phillips Prague i. ix. 35 German businessmen..entered hard currency banks and hard currency stores off-limits to the..natives.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	hard currency
释义	hard currencyn. Brit. /ˌhɑːd ˈkʌrənsi/, /ˌhɑːd ˈkʌrn̩si/, U.S. /ˌhɑrd ˈkərənsi/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., currency n. Etymology: < hard adj. + currency n. 1. Currency, or a currency, in the form of coins as opposed to banknotes, bills, etc.; metallic currency. Later also: coins, banknotes, or other objects or documents viewed as having exchangeable value, as opposed to unsecured paper credit. Cf. hard adj. 7a. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] mintOE moneya1325 coin1393 ready money1429 plate?a1439 coinage1467 cunyec1480 cogc1555 table money1565 chinks1577 cash1596 speciesa1618 spetia1620 specie1671 coliander seed1699 coriander-seed1737 shiners1760 jinkc1775 decimal coinage1794 coriander1801 hard currency1816 rowdy1831 Oscar Asche1905 1816 Nat. Reg. (Washington, D.C.) 18 May 180/1 It could not be expected that the solid coin could have been restored, within the short period since we shipped to England millions of hard currency. 1863 F. Bowen Princ. Polit. Econ. xix. 317 To restrict the issue of bank-notes, and to recur to a ‘hard currency’, is the measure usually recommended at such periods. 1916 Chester (Pa.) Times 19 May 5/4 It takes cash, good hard currency of the realm, to fill a table and appease the appetite of an epicure. 1948 Hansard Commons 9 Mar. 1003 Does the Chancellor of the Exchequer think it right to spend over £60 million a year in hard currency? 2006 K. W. Bender Moneymakers iii. 71 Pyongyang had no hard currency and all the Western banks approached refused to open a letter of credit for the purchase. 2. A currency which is convertible into other currencies, and whose price in terms of other currencies is expected to remain stable or rise. Cf. soft adj. 26c. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > [noun] > types of currency soft currency1837 fiat-money1880 token coinage1881 token-money1889 token currency1893 monopoly money1895 hard currency1940 soft currency1940 reserve currency1950 petrocurrency1974 cryptocurrency1991 commodity dollar1998 1940 Scotsman 6 Mar. 13/3 Road transport relied almost entirely upon the use of fuel which had to be imported..and much of which had to be paid for in what we aptly termed hard currencies. 1989 Correspondent Mag. 29 Oct. 36/1 The first shop is an ordinary one, where local currency can be used, the second a Pewex—hard currency only. 2002 E. A. Gargan River's Tale iv. 139 Economic activity..seemed to employ more Thai baht, a hard currency, than the ephemeral and largely useless Burmese kyat. Compounds General attributive. ΚΠ 1940 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 24 June 8/5 The government's war orders have contributed..to the increase in imports from hard currency countries. 1952 N.Y. Times 6 May 28/2 The trade imbalance and the drain of gold and hard currency reserves have lessened. 1990 Daily Tel. 28 Apr. 26/3 In return for a hard currency payment, the sponsors can have priority booking for guests and the use of a hospitality suite. 2002 A. Phillips Prague i. ix. 35 German businessmen..entered hard currency banks and hard currency stores off-limits to the..natives. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1816
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