hard metaln.

Brit.

/ˌhɑːd ˈmɛtl/, U.S.

/ˌhɑrd ˈmɛd(ə)l/

Forms: see hard adj. and n. and metal n. and adj.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., metal n.

Etymology: < hard adj. + metal n.

1. Any of various alloys valued for their hardness; esp. (more fully hard metal pewter) one of tin with a large quantity of copper or antimony. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > other types of alloy

white metala1387

hard metal1577

series1807

aggregate1908

superalloy1920

1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. ii. vii. f. 81^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Of these [peeces of fine masonry] also some were of porphirite stone, some of dyuers kyndes of marble,..beside many curious deuises of harde mettall.

1651 A. Ross Arcana Microcosmi ii. ix. 210 Who can give a reason why the scratching upon brass or other hard metals, should distemper the teeth; and in some men force urine?

1729 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1889) II. 205 One M^cLaren, who was..incarcerat in the tolbooth..for offering to sell hard mettle instead of silver to some people in this burgh.

1734 S.-Carolina Gaz. 2 Nov. 3/2 Just imported... Best hard mettle and common pewter, best Welsh Cottons, [etc.].

1817 Gentlemen's Mag. July 8/2 I laid the top stone of the new Steeple..and in a cavity cut for that purpose, placed two pieces of hard-metal pewter, each five inches square.

1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 655/2 The tin is first converted into what is called hard metal or alloy, 75 parts copper and 25 parts tin.

1895 J. M. Thomson & A. G. Bloxam Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 8) 411 In preparing this alloy, it is usual to melt the tin in the first place with twice its weight of copper, when a white, hard, and extremely brittle alloy (hard metal) is obtained.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 339/1 Hard metal (96 parts of tin, 8 of antimony and 2 of copper), a mixture very closely resembling..‘Britannia metal’.

1992 C. Hull Pewter 4/2 Antimony was added as an extra hardening agent to fine metal in the second half of the seventeenth century and the resulting alloy was termed Superfine Hard Metal or French Metal.

2. spec. An alloy consisting of an aggregate of powdered carbide of tungsten, tantalum, or titanium mixed with a matrix of powdered cobalt or nickel and then compressed and sintered, giving a very hard but somewhat brittle metal with a very high melting point, used esp. in making cutting tools. Chiefly attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > other metallic materials > [noun] > carbides

cemented carbide1932

hard metal1936

sintered carbide1937

1927 Brit. Patent 262,723 1/2 A method of making tools from hard metal alloys produced by sintering..from a mixture of very hard powders, such as tungsten carbide.]

1936 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 134 66 a The author discusses the application of hard metal alloys and of diamond substitutes (such as tungsten carbide) to the hard-facing of tools.

1980 Yachting May 121 (advt.) Hard metal (wolfram carbide) pivot and bearing of high quality sapphire jewel.

2003 M. Schwartz Brazing (ed. 2) iv. 159/1 Brazing of WC-cemented carbide parts (hard metal) on steel using pure copper as a filler metal.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hard metal
释义	hard metaln. Brit. /ˌhɑːd ˈmɛtl/, U.S. /ˌhɑrd ˈmɛd(ə)l/ Forms: see hard adj. and n. and metal n. and adj. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: hard adj., metal n. Etymology: < hard adj. + metal n. 1. Any of various alloys valued for their hardness; esp. (more fully hard metal pewter) one of tin with a large quantity of copper or antimony. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > other types of alloy white metala1387 hard metal1577 series1807 aggregate1908 superalloy1920 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. ii. vii. f. 81^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Of these [peeces of fine masonry] also some were of porphirite stone, some of dyuers kyndes of marble,..beside many curious deuises of harde mettall. 1651 A. Ross Arcana Microcosmi ii. ix. 210 Who can give a reason why the scratching upon brass or other hard metals, should distemper the teeth; and in some men force urine? 1729 in R. Renwick Extracts Rec. Stirling (1889) II. 205 One M^cLaren, who was..incarcerat in the tolbooth..for offering to sell hard mettle instead of silver to some people in this burgh. 1734 S.-Carolina Gaz. 2 Nov. 3/2 Just imported... Best hard mettle and common pewter, best Welsh Cottons, [etc.]. 1817 Gentlemen's Mag. July 8/2 I laid the top stone of the new Steeple..and in a cavity cut for that purpose, placed two pieces of hard-metal pewter, each five inches square. 1845 Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 655/2 The tin is first converted into what is called hard metal or alloy, 75 parts copper and 25 parts tin. 1895 J. M. Thomson & A. G. Bloxam Bloxam's Chem. (ed. 8) 411 In preparing this alloy, it is usual to melt the tin in the first place with twice its weight of copper, when a white, hard, and extremely brittle alloy (hard metal) is obtained. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 339/1 Hard metal (96 parts of tin, 8 of antimony and 2 of copper), a mixture very closely resembling..‘Britannia metal’. 1992 C. Hull Pewter 4/2 Antimony was added as an extra hardening agent to fine metal in the second half of the seventeenth century and the resulting alloy was termed Superfine Hard Metal or French Metal. 2. spec. An alloy consisting of an aggregate of powdered carbide of tungsten, tantalum, or titanium mixed with a matrix of powdered cobalt or nickel and then compressed and sintered, giving a very hard but somewhat brittle metal with a very high melting point, used esp. in making cutting tools. Chiefly attributive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > other metallic materials > [noun] > carbides cemented carbide1932 hard metal1936 sintered carbide1937 1927 Brit. Patent 262,723 1/2 A method of making tools from hard metal alloys produced by sintering..from a mixture of very hard powders, such as tungsten carbide.] 1936 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 134 66 a The author discusses the application of hard metal alloys and of diamond substitutes (such as tungsten carbide) to the hard-facing of tools. 1980 Yachting May 121 (advt.) Hard metal (wolfram carbide) pivot and bearing of high quality sapphire jewel. 2003 M. Schwartz Brazing (ed. 2) iv. 159/1 Brazing of WC-cemented carbide parts (hard metal) on steel using pure copper as a filler metal. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1577
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