† hathfuladj.

Forms: Middle English hathful, Middle English haðful.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: English *hath , -ful suffix.

Etymology: Apparently < an unattested noun *hath (see note) + -ful suffix. Compare later hath adj., hathly adj.Currency of *hāth ‘scorn, mockery’ as a noun in Middle English is probably implied by the following verse in the Towneley Plays, as the rhyme indicates that the original reading underlying hagh ended in -th . If so, *without hath would have to be read as a parenthetic comment asserting the veracity of the speaker (‘seriously, most assuredly’), as otherwise ‘without scorn, without mockery’ would not fit the context. It has alternatively been suggested that hagh is a form of awe n.¹, in which case the manuscript reading may reflect conjecture or substitution by the scribe rather than a transmission error.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvii. 360 Vnto the ded, withoutten hagh [rhymes bath, skath, wrath], Thise Iues hym dight.*Hāth is probably a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic háð , Old Swedish haþ , hadher (Swedish †håd ), Old Danish haad , all in sense ‘scorn, mockery’), probably < the same Germanic base as hean adj. + the Germanic base of -th suffix¹. Compare (etymologically related) hethe v., hethely adv., and hething n. The forms of the derived adjectives hathful adj. and hathly adj. appear to reflect (regular) shortening of an originally long stem vowel in a disyllabic word with a medial consonant cluster.

Obsolete.

Scornful, mocking; (also) scorned, despised.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > [adjective]

gamelyOE

hathfula1250

scornfula1400

hathlya1425

mockisha1513

mockinga1529

mowinga1529

deriding1530

hethingfulc1540

bourding1552

make-sport1582

frumping1587

yarking1593

jerking1596

bobbing1605

derident1609

buffoonizing1611

scoptical?1611

scommatizing1613

derisory1618

ridiculous1622

ludibriousa1643

frumpish1647

twitting1655

derisivea1662

derisorious1664

scoptic1670

ridiculing1684

derisionarya1704

mockful1754

irrisory1846

a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 279 For hu mon þe ofte seide schomeliche wordes and haðfule hokeres.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 3719 (MED) To Troye toun..Calchas was so odyous, So hathful eke þoruȝ-oute al þe toun, Þat þis reporte was of him.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	hathful
释义	† hathfuladj. Forms: Middle English hathful, Middle English haðful. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: English hath , -ful suffix. Etymology: Apparently < an unattested noun hath (see note) + -ful suffix. Compare later hath adj., hathly adj.Currency of hāth ‘scorn, mockery’ as a noun in Middle English is probably implied by the following verse in the Towneley Plays, as the rhyme indicates that the original reading underlying hagh* ended in -th . If so, without hath would have to be read as a parenthetic comment asserting the veracity of the speaker (‘seriously, most assuredly’), as otherwise ‘without scorn, without mockery’ would not fit the context. It has alternatively been suggested that hagh* is a form of awe n.¹, in which case the manuscript reading may reflect conjecture or substitution by the scribe rather than a transmission error.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvii. 360 Vnto the ded, withoutten hagh [rhymes bath, skath, wrath], Thise Iues hym dight.Hāth is probably a borrowing < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic háð* , Old Swedish haþ , hadher (Swedish †håd ), Old Danish haad , all in sense ‘scorn, mockery’), probably < the same Germanic base as hean adj. + the Germanic base of -th suffix¹. Compare (etymologically related) hethe v., hethely adv., and hething n. The forms of the derived adjectives hathful adj. and hathly adj. appear to reflect (regular) shortening of an originally long stem vowel in a disyllabic word with a medial consonant cluster. Obsolete. Scornful, mocking; (also) scorned, despised. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > [adjective] gamelyOE hathfula1250 scornfula1400 hathlya1425 mockisha1513 mockinga1529 mowinga1529 deriding1530 hethingfulc1540 bourding1552 make-sport1582 frumping1587 yarking1593 jerking1596 bobbing1605 derident1609 buffoonizing1611 scoptical?1611 scommatizing1613 derisory1618 ridiculous1622 ludibriousa1643 frumpish1647 twitting1655 derisivea1662 derisorious1664 scoptic1670 ridiculing1684 derisionarya1704 mockful1754 irrisory1846 a1250 Wohunge ure Lauerd in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 279 For hu mon þe ofte seide schomeliche wordes and haðfule hokeres. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 3719 (MED) To Troye toun..Calchas was so odyous, So hathful eke þoruȝ-oute al þe toun, Þat þis reporte was of him. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.a1250
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