appraisev.

Brit.

/əˈpreɪz/, U.S.

/əˈpreɪz/

Forms: late Middle English appreise, late Middle English appreyse, late Middle English aprayse, 1500s–1600s apprayse, 1500s– appraise, 1600s apprase, 1600s–1700s appraize.

Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: a- prefix⁵, praise v.; apprize v.²

Etymology: Either < a- prefix⁵ + praise v., after apprize v.², or an alteration of apprize v.² by association with praise v. Compare appraiser n.In sense 4 apparently arising from association with apprise v.¹

I. To assess the value or worth of, to evaluate.

1. transitive. To assign a monetary value to; to fix a price for, or estimate the value of, esp. as an official valuer or appraiser.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > monetary value > be valued at [verb (transitive)] > set value on

praisea1325

extendc1330

appraise1424

value1434

value1439

setc1460

valure1487

appreciate1512

rate1555

estimate1611

put1755

1424 [implied in: 1424 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1909) 289 The godes schal be taken in presence of the Constables and appreisers (at appraiser n. 1)].

c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. l. 8065 Here hodes..Off riche gold..Worth michel gode thei were apraysed.

1535 in M. A. E. Wood Lett. Royal & Illustrious Ladies (1852) II. 164 The stuff..was appraised by the appraisers.

1559 Acte of Subsedye in Anno Primo Reginæ Elizabethe at Parl. xx. f. x^v The distresse so taken, to be kept, appraysed, and sold as is aforesayd, and thereof to take and leuy the sommes so then being behind and vnpayd.

1659 H. Applegarth tr. W. Glisson & A. Gulston Surv. Law 36 He cannot surmise that it was appraised and found of base value.

?c1682 J. Warburton Treat. Hist. Guernsey (1822) 82 [To] see his goods..ventilated, i.e. appraised and sold for discharge of the debt.

1732 H. Crouch Compl. Guide to Officers of Customs in Out-ports vi. 292 Goods are not bid upon, because appraised at too great a Value.

1770 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (new ed.) VII. lxiii. 366 The cartoons..were only appraised at 300 pounds.

1823 London Lit. Gaz. 25 Oct. 687/2 The auctioneer came down to appraise the goods.

1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 151 They [sc. mercenaries] transferred their services..to those who would appraise them more highly.

1928 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 22 297 The same is the character of the demand that the land subject to the annuity be appraised, in the case of reservative annuities.

1977 A. D. Chandler Visible Hand 274 The purpose of such a valuation was to appraise the property accurately for tax and insurance purposes.

2002 Sun-Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale, Florida) (Nexis) 23 June 7 She saw an Orrefors vase, sold for $90 in her store 15 years ago, appraised at $6,000.

2. transitive. To estimate or assess the quality, worth, etc., of; to scrutinize critically. Also: to estimate the quantity or extent of. Also reflexive and intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)]

talec897

ween971

takec1175

weigha1200

deem?c1225

judge?c1225

guessc1330

reta1382

accounta1387

aretc1386

assize1393

consider1398

ponder?a1400

adjudgec1440

reckonc1440

peisec1460

ponderate?a1475

poisea1483

trutinate1528

steem1535

rate?1555

sense1564

compute1604

censure1605

cast1606

cense1606

estimate1651

audit1655

state1671

balance1692

esteem1711

appraise1823

figure1854

tally1860

revalue1894

lowball1973

the world > relative properties > measurement > measure [verb (transitive)] > estimate measurement or amount

esteem1477

estimate1669

appreciate1818

appraise1864

evaluate1874

1823 Monthly Repos. Jan. 47/2 Mr. Cobbett, pronounces modesty mean and cowardly, and, acting up to his own standard of morals, thus appraises himself, in a letter to Mr. Canning.

1841–8 F. Myers Catholic Thoughts II. iv. §40. 385 Rightly to appraise the value of various truths.

1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 9 The feeble infant..Whom Enoch took, and handled all his limbs, Appraised his weight.

1869 E. Arber James I's Ess. Introd. 4 The king's Sonnets and Poems..appraise themselves.

1922 M. Luckiesh Visual Illusions iii. 35 The intellect practically automatically appraises the size, form, and distance of each object.

1940 B. E. Leary & W. S. Gray in W. S. Gray Reading in Gen. Educ. v. 125 Philosophy, psychology..news reports, examination questions—all require the reader to appraise, to evaluate, and to think critically.

1964 A. Edelstein in Stanford Short Stories 1964 4 Ralph silently appraised her. Breasts a trifle lower, a trifle flatter. But otherwise everything about the same as ever.

1980 D. Kinnard Secretary of Def. iii. 91 Kennedy asked Roswell Gilpatric to appraise the situation in Vietnam and to recommend actions.

2002 H. Ritchie Friday Night Club (2003) i. iv. 27 Alastair replaces the..bulging bag of home-grown back in the box and appraises this first joint of the night.

3. spec.

a. transitive. To assess or evaluate how well (a person) is performing at work; (in later use) esp. to carry out a formal appraisal of (see appraisal n. 3b).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > estimate [verb (intransitive)] > evaluate employees

appraise1913

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > evaluate quality of

revalue1894

appraise1913

assess1934

to scope out1977

1913 Calif. Outlook 27 Sept. 11/3 Next..will be to borrow from some city..a man trained in grading or appraising employes.

1944 Life 3 Jan. 54 It was necessary to appraise personnel and weed out torpid and incompetent officers.

1955 Personnel Mar. 432/2 Often men find themselves being appraised for development by one method and for rewards by a second.

1962 A. C. Johnson & R. D. Cassell Appraising Personnel i. 14 If the county agricultural agent is being appraised, the district agricultural supervisor..may act in the capacity of chairman of a committee.

1988 Automotive News 15 Aug. 10/3 I appraised people working under me and was appraised by management over me.

2002 R. P. Gee N.Z. Sales Managem. iv. 64 Give the new employee a copy of the appraisal form that will be used to appraise salespeople, so they know how their performance will be measured.

b. intransitive. To carry out an appraisal of a person's performance at work; to use appraisals as a means of evaluating performance at work.

ΚΠ

1955 Personnel Jan. 434/2 How can the ability to appraise be increased?

1992 D. M. Daley Performance Appraisal in Public Sector ii. 13 Why do we appraise? What do we appraise? When do we appraise?

2010 R. J. Greene Rewarding Performance (Electronic ed.) v. 103 This raises the question of whether it is better to do the best appraisal possible at the end of the year or to appraise when results are clear.

II. To apprise, inform (see note in etymology).

4. transitive. To inform (a person) of a fact, circumstance, etc.; = apprise v.¹ 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > inform (a person)

to teach a person a thingc888

meanOE

wiseOE

sayOE

wittera1225

tellc1225

do to witc1275

let witc1275

let seec1330

inform1384

form1399

lerea1400

to wit (a person) to saya1400

learn1425

advertise1431

givec1449

insense?c1450

instruct1489

ascertain1490

let1490

alighta1500

advert1511

signify1523

reform1535

advise1562

partake1565

resolve1568

to do to ware1594

to let into one's knowledge1596

intellect1599

possess1600

acquainta1616

alighten1615

recommenda1616

intelligence1637

apprise1694

appraise1706

introduce1741

avail1785

prime1791

document1807

to put up1811

to put a person au fait of1828

post1847

to keep (someone) straight1862

monish1866

to put next to1896

to put (one) wise (to)1896

voice1898

in the picture1900

to give (someone) a line on1903

to wise up1905

drum1908

hip1932

to fill (someone) in on1945

clue1948

background1961

to mark a person's card1961

to loop in1994

1706 tr. Present State Europe May 182 The Reasons of Count Piper have not convinc'd the Lithuanians, who are very well appraised of the Motives which have engag'd the Swedes, into the Continuation of this War.

1821 Relig. Intelligencer (New-Haven, Conn.) 11 Aug. 173/1 We have been appraised of the eventful day in which we live.

1868 Calif. Teacher May 319 Now that we are fully appraised of the views of the Directors, we not only entirely acquiesce in their decision, but we feel that no considerations would tempt us to continue editor of their journal any longer.

1934 Sun (Baltimore) 10 Jan. 1/1 The farmers..out-thought the railway officials. They telephoned back to Burlington and appraised the pickets there of the train's approach.

1975 S. Selvon Moses Ascending 74 Naturally I had to appraise him of the lay of the land, and the position we were in.

2007 J. M. Allen Senior Sort of Murder xiii. 161 Rita found the doctor's number and quickly appraised him of the facts.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	appraise
释义	appraisev. Brit. /əˈpreɪz/, U.S. /əˈpreɪz/ Forms: late Middle English appreise, late Middle English appreyse, late Middle English aprayse, 1500s–1600s apprayse, 1500s– appraise, 1600s apprase, 1600s–1700s appraize. Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation. Or (ii) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: a- prefix⁵, praise v.; apprize v.² Etymology: Either < a- prefix⁵ + praise v., after apprize v.², or an alteration of apprize v.² by association with praise v. Compare appraiser n.In sense 4 apparently arising from association with apprise v.¹ I. To assess the value or worth of, to evaluate. 1. transitive. To assign a monetary value to; to fix a price for, or estimate the value of, esp. as an official valuer or appraiser. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > be valued at [verb (transitive)] > set value on praisea1325 extendc1330 appraise1424 value1434 value1439 setc1460 valure1487 appreciate1512 rate1555 estimate1611 put1755 1424 [implied in: 1424 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1909) 289 The godes schal be taken in presence of the Constables and appreisers (at appraiser n. 1)]. c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. l. 8065 Here hodes..Off riche gold..Worth michel gode thei were apraysed. 1535 in M. A. E. Wood Lett. Royal & Illustrious Ladies (1852) II. 164 The stuff..was appraised by the appraisers. 1559 Acte of Subsedye in Anno Primo Reginæ Elizabethe at Parl. xx. f. x^v The distresse so taken, to be kept, appraysed, and sold as is aforesayd, and thereof to take and leuy the sommes so then being behind and vnpayd. 1659 H. Applegarth tr. W. Glisson & A. Gulston Surv. Law 36 He cannot surmise that it was appraised and found of base value. ?c1682 J. Warburton Treat. Hist. Guernsey (1822) 82 [To] see his goods..ventilated, i.e. appraised and sold for discharge of the debt. 1732 H. Crouch Compl. Guide to Officers of Customs in Out-ports vi. 292 Goods are not bid upon, because appraised at too great a Value. 1770 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (new ed.) VII. lxiii. 366 The cartoons..were only appraised at 300 pounds. 1823 London Lit. Gaz. 25 Oct. 687/2 The auctioneer came down to appraise the goods. 1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 151 They [sc. mercenaries] transferred their services..to those who would appraise them more highly. 1928 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 22 297 The same is the character of the demand that the land subject to the annuity be appraised, in the case of reservative annuities. 1977 A. D. Chandler Visible Hand 274 The purpose of such a valuation was to appraise the property accurately for tax and insurance purposes. 2002 Sun-Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale, Florida) (Nexis) 23 June 7 She saw an Orrefors vase, sold for $90 in her store 15 years ago, appraised at $6,000. 2. transitive. To estimate or assess the quality, worth, etc., of; to scrutinize critically. Also: to estimate the quantity or extent of. Also reflexive and intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] talec897 ween971 takec1175 weigha1200 deem?c1225 judge?c1225 guessc1330 reta1382 accounta1387 aretc1386 assize1393 consider1398 ponder?a1400 adjudgec1440 reckonc1440 peisec1460 ponderate?a1475 poisea1483 trutinate1528 steem1535 rate?1555 sense1564 compute1604 censure1605 cast1606 cense1606 estimate1651 audit1655 state1671 balance1692 esteem1711 appraise1823 figure1854 tally1860 revalue1894 lowball1973 the world > relative properties > measurement > measure [verb (transitive)] > estimate measurement or amount esteem1477 estimate1669 appreciate1818 appraise1864 evaluate1874 1823 Monthly Repos. Jan. 47/2 Mr. Cobbett, pronounces modesty mean and cowardly, and, acting up to his own standard of morals, thus appraises himself, in a letter to Mr. Canning. 1841–8 F. Myers Catholic Thoughts II. iv. §40. 385 Rightly to appraise the value of various truths. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 9 The feeble infant..Whom Enoch took, and handled all his limbs, Appraised his weight. 1869 E. Arber James I's Ess. Introd. 4 The king's Sonnets and Poems..appraise themselves. 1922 M. Luckiesh Visual Illusions iii. 35 The intellect practically automatically appraises the size, form, and distance of each object. 1940 B. E. Leary & W. S. Gray in W. S. Gray Reading in Gen. Educ. v. 125 Philosophy, psychology..news reports, examination questions—all require the reader to appraise, to evaluate, and to think critically. 1964 A. Edelstein in Stanford Short Stories 1964 4 Ralph silently appraised her. Breasts a trifle lower, a trifle flatter. But otherwise everything about the same as ever. 1980 D. Kinnard Secretary of Def. iii. 91 Kennedy asked Roswell Gilpatric to appraise the situation in Vietnam and to recommend actions. 2002 H. Ritchie Friday Night Club (2003) i. iv. 27 Alastair replaces the..bulging bag of home-grown back in the box and appraises this first joint of the night. 3. spec. a. transitive. To assess or evaluate how well (a person) is performing at work; (in later use) esp. to carry out a formal appraisal of (see appraisal n. 3b). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > estimate [verb (intransitive)] > evaluate employees appraise1913 the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > evaluate quality of revalue1894 appraise1913 assess1934 to scope out1977 1913 Calif. Outlook 27 Sept. 11/3 Next..will be to borrow from some city..a man trained in grading or appraising employes. 1944 Life 3 Jan. 54 It was necessary to appraise personnel and weed out torpid and incompetent officers. 1955 Personnel Mar. 432/2 Often men find themselves being appraised for development by one method and for rewards by a second. 1962 A. C. Johnson & R. D. Cassell Appraising Personnel i. 14 If the county agricultural agent is being appraised, the district agricultural supervisor..may act in the capacity of chairman of a committee. 1988 Automotive News 15 Aug. 10/3 I appraised people working under me and was appraised by management over me. 2002 R. P. Gee N.Z. Sales Managem. iv. 64 Give the new employee a copy of the appraisal form that will be used to appraise salespeople, so they know how their performance will be measured. b. intransitive. To carry out an appraisal of a person's performance at work; to use appraisals as a means of evaluating performance at work. ΚΠ 1955 Personnel Jan. 434/2 How can the ability to appraise be increased? 1992 D. M. Daley Performance Appraisal in Public Sector ii. 13 Why do we appraise? What do we appraise? When do we appraise? 2010 R. J. Greene Rewarding Performance (Electronic ed.) v. 103 This raises the question of whether it is better to do the best appraisal possible at the end of the year or to appraise when results are clear. II. To apprise, inform (see note in etymology). 4. transitive. To inform (a person) of a fact, circumstance, etc.; = apprise v.¹ 1. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > inform (a person) to teach a person a thingc888 meanOE wiseOE sayOE wittera1225 tellc1225 do to witc1275 let witc1275 let seec1330 inform1384 form1399 lerea1400 to wit (a person) to saya1400 learn1425 advertise1431 givec1449 insense?c1450 instruct1489 ascertain1490 let1490 alighta1500 advert1511 signify1523 reform1535 advise1562 partake1565 resolve1568 to do to ware1594 to let into one's knowledge1596 intellect1599 possess1600 acquainta1616 alighten1615 recommenda1616 intelligence1637 apprise1694 appraise1706 introduce1741 avail1785 prime1791 document1807 to put up1811 to put a person au fait of1828 post1847 to keep (someone) straight1862 monish1866 to put next to1896 to put (one) wise (to)1896 voice1898 in the picture1900 to give (someone) a line on1903 to wise up1905 drum1908 hip1932 to fill (someone) in on1945 clue1948 background1961 to mark a person's card1961 to loop in1994 1706 tr. Present State Europe May 182 The Reasons of Count Piper have not convinc'd the Lithuanians, who are very well appraised of the Motives which have engag'd the Swedes, into the Continuation of this War. 1821 Relig. Intelligencer (New-Haven, Conn.) 11 Aug. 173/1 We have been appraised of the eventful day in which we live. 1868 Calif. Teacher May 319 Now that we are fully appraised of the views of the Directors, we not only entirely acquiesce in their decision, but we feel that no considerations would tempt us to continue editor of their journal any longer. 1934 Sun (Baltimore) 10 Jan. 1/1 The farmers..out-thought the railway officials. They telephoned back to Burlington and appraised the pickets there of the train's approach. 1975 S. Selvon Moses Ascending 74 Naturally I had to appraise him of the lay of the land, and the position we were in. 2007 J. M. Allen Senior Sort of Murder xiii. 161 Rita found the doctor's number and quickly appraised him of the facts. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.1424
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