hippopotamusn.

Brit.

/ˌhɪpəˈpɒtəməs/, U.S.

/ˌhɪpəˈpɑdəməs/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, hippopotamuses, hippopotami.

Forms:

α. Middle English ipotaneus, Middle English irotamus (transmission error), Middle English rotanii (plural, transmission error), Middle English ypotam, Middle English ypotame, Middle English ypotami (plural), Middle English ypotamos, Middle English ypotamus, Middle English ypotamy (plural), Middle English ypotanos, Middle English ypotayne, Middle English yppotani (plural), 1500s hippotamon, 1500s hyppotame, 1500s–1600s hippotame, 1500s– hippotamus, 1600s hipotame, 1600s hipotamus, 1600s hippotam, 1600s hyppotamus, 1700s hippotamos; also Scottish pre-1700 apotayne; N.E.D. (1898) also records forms Middle English ipotayne, Middle English ypotanus.

β. 1500s hipposatamies (plural), 1500s hyppopotame, 1500s–1600s hippopotame, 1500s–1600s hyppopotamus, 1600s hippopotomi (plural), 1600s hippopottamy, 1600s hippopotum, 1600s– hippopotamus, 1700s–1800s hippopotamos.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French ypotame; Latin hippotamus, hippopotamus.

Etymology: Originally (in α. forms) < (i) Anglo-Norman ypotamus, (plural ypotami, ypotamy) and Middle French ypotame, also (with metathesis) apotayne (late 12th cent. in Old French), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin hippotamus, ippotamus, ypotamus (already in manuscripts of classical Latin authors, e.g. Pliny and Vitruvius; from 8th cent. in British sources), alteration (by haplology) of hippopotamus (see below); subsequently (in β. forms) < classical Latin hippopotamus (also hippopotamius) < Hellenistic Greek ἱπποπόταμος (also ἱπποποτάμιος ) (Galen) < ancient Greek ἵππος horse (see hippo- comb. form) + ποταμός river (see potamic adj.). Compare water horse n. and the foreign-language parallels cited at that entry. Compare also hippo n. and river horse n.Compare: (i) Spanish †ipotamo , Italian †ipotamo (both second half of the 14th cent.); (ii) Old French ypopotamox (plural), Middle French hipopotame , French hippopotame (late 12th cent. in an isolated attestation in Old French, subsequently from 1534), Spanish hipopótamo (late 16th cent.), Italian ippopotamo (15th cent.). Compare also ancient Greek ὁ ἵππος ὁ ποτάμιος the riverine horse (Herodotus). Recent (20th- and 21st-cent.) instances of the form hippotamus may show typographical errors for hippopotamus.

1. A large, heavy, ungulate mammal living in or near rivers and lakes in tropical African grassland, Hippopotamus amphibius (family Hippopotamidae), having short legs, a wide-opening mouth with long canine and incisor teeth, and thick, almost hairless skin. Also: any other living or extinct member of this family.The pygmy hippopotamus, Choeropsis liberiensis, is the only other living member of the family. Fossil hippoptamuses have been found in Europe and Asia, as well as in Africa.Also called †river horse, †sea horse, water horse.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > [noun] > group Suiformes (hippos and pigs) > family Hippopotamidae > hippopotamus, amphibiusi, or hippo

hippopotamusa1398

water horsea1398

river horse1583

seahorse1600

sea-ox1600

morse1703

sea-cow1731

hippo1850

α.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. xxvi. 681 Some fysshe secheþ here mete oneliche in watir, and some by nyȝt vpon þe londe, as ypotamus ‘the water hors’.

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 5175 Ypotame a wonder beest is, More þan an olifaunt, jwis.

a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 5278 He sleþ ypotanos and kokadrille.

c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 157 Dredful dragonus..Addrus and ypotamus and oþure ille wormus.

1577 J. Bishop Beautifull Blossomes ii. f. 5^v He alone with his owne hand slue uppon the Amphitheatre in one day, fiue Hippotami, or water horses, two Eliphants, one Rhinocerotes, and a Camelion Pardis.

1586 Hill's Profitable Arte Gardening (new ed.) i. xii. 26 The hide of the riuer Horse, named Hippotamon.

1633 S. Otes Explan. Generall Epist. St. Iude viii. 97 They be vile creatures that are unkinde to their Sires: as the Hippotamos of Nilus, that eateth his damme.

1678 J. P. tr. J. Johnstone Descr. Nature Four-footed Beasts ii. 61/2 One Firmius Seleucius eat an Hippotame.

1705 J. Witty Ess. towards Vindic. Mosaic Hist. Fall of Adam i. 17 The famous Hieroglyphic of Diospolis; where was..an Hippotamus for Hatred.

1777 Beauties Nat. Hist. i. 89 He [sc. the tapir] may indeed be considered as the Hippotamos of the new continent.

1822 Newcastle Mag. Mar. 143/1 The habitations of droves of Hippotamuses, which were seen crossing to and fro at a distance.

1870 Amer. Naturalist 4 165 The rhinoceros, the hippotamus, the tapirs, the monkeys..find in the tropical forests the conditions of existence which the ruder climes of the north long since denied them.

1902 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 14 Feb. 237/2 It is curious to see natives wading about with hippotamuses not far from them.

1988 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 8 Mar. b4/2 Unusual requests are no problem—if you want a stained glass picture with a hippotamus in it, that's what you'll get.

β. 1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca at Ciconia The auncient kinges had it on the top of their septours, as they had in the lower parte the beaste called Hippopotamus.1550 R. Sherry tr. Erasmus Declam. Chyldren in Treat. Schemes & Tropes sig. I.ii A beast called Hippopotamus hath shewed y^e cutting of veines.1560 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli 2nd Pt. Secretes Alexis of Piemont 57 The skinne..of a Hyppopotame.1599 S. Daniel Let. from Octavia xlvii. sig. D^v, in Poet. Ess. Me thought a mighty Hippopotamus From Nilus floting, thrusts into the maine.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 91 The river Bambotus full of Crocodiles and Hippopotames.1620 J. Taylor Praise of Hemp-seed Preamble sig. B2 The Ibis, Crocodile, a cat, a dog, The Hippopottamy, beetles, or a frog.1686 A. Mullen Let. 26 Feb. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) VI. 164 A sort of thred..being ti'd round the parts usually seiz'd with the cramp, did constantly in them & in severall of their relations & acquaintance what you ascribe to the tooth of the true hippopotamus and elcks hoofe in the cramp.1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 30 This Valley has its Name from an amphibious Creature, vulgarly call'd a Sea-Cow, and by the Learned, Hippopotamus.1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 292 The hippopotamos is an animal as large, and not less formidable than the Rhinoceros.1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 221 The tusks of hippopotamuses often appear on the surface.1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi iii. 81 A considerable body of bitter water containing leeches..crocodiles and hippopotami.1893 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 185 Dr. Leidy came to the conclusion that the hippopotamus of Liberia differed so much from that inhabiting the Nile,..etc., that the Liberian animal should be considered as constituting, not only a distinct species, but a distinct genus [(Choeropsis)].1910 A. R. Dugmore Camera Adventures Afr. Wilds vi. 92 Several hippopotamus came along the river, and amused us with their queer noises, but they would not come ashore.1923 D. A. Mackenzie Myths China & Japan v. 56 He [sc. Set] had previously taken the shapes of the crocodile and the hippopotamus to escape Horus.1989 Jrnl. Vertebr. Paleontol. 9 263/1 The Sicilian fossil hippopotamus, Hippopotamus pentlandi,..showed aquatic adaptations indicating a good swimming ability.2011 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Aug. 25/3 We also know that the closest living relative of whales is the hippopotamus.

†2. Heraldry and Mythology. A creature with the head, neck, shoulders, and forelegs of a horse and a body ending in the tail of a fish or dolphin; (also) a representation of this. Cf. hippocamp n., hippodame n.¹ Obsolete.Descriptions of the habits and distribution of this beast in heraldic texts often incorporate material found in factual accounts of the hippopotamus, and in early use the separation from sense 1 may not be entirely distinct (cf. the treatment of the hippopotamus as a kind of fish in quot. a1398 at sense 1α. ).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > hybrid creature or monster > [noun] > types of

hart-wolf1555

equicerve1572

hippopotamus1572

lyciske1572

semitaur1592

lycopanther1607

tityrus1610

jumart1690

lizard-bird1862

plumed serpent1862

baku1881

ophiosaurian1882

Dong1927

merlionc1973

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie f. 100 Two demye hyppotames, Sable... These be water Horsses,..they haue two hoofes like an Ore, the back, mayne, and neyng of an Horsse, a wrigled tayle, & croked tethe like to a Bore.

1658 W. Sanderson Graphice 22 Monsters, Chimeraes, Hippotames, and others such, which Heraulds undertake to bestow upon Gentlemens Buryings.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xvi. 362 He beareth..an Hippotame... This is the forepart of a Horse, and the hinder of a Fish, which in Heraldry is ever turned up after this manner.

1691 T. Heyrick Submarine Voy. i. xxviii. 17, in Misc. Poems Neptune sate in his Chariot High Drawn by Six Hippopotami.

1814 A. T. Blayney Narr. Forced Journey through Spain & France I. xvii. 273 Neptune and his queen..are standing in a scallop shell, drawn by Hippopotami and attended by Nereids.

1830 W. Berry County Geneal.: Pedigrees Families County of Sussex 248 Crest,—An hippopotamus, or sea-horse, assurgent, or, maned az[ure].

Compounds

C1. General attributive (in sense 1), as hippopotamus hide, hippopotamus ivory, hippopotamus tusk, etc.

ΚΠ

1759 W. Lewis in tr. C. Neumann Chem. Wks. Index sig. 4H2 Hippopotamus tooth, chemical history of.

1822 Newcastle Mag. Dec. 644/1 He..makes a boat of a hippopotamus skin.

1846 Patent Jrnl. 19 Dec. 499/2 Hard indeed is a railway board; hippopotamus-hide is not less impressible: the latter is impervious to lead, the former is only to be perforated by gold.

1875 W. Maskell Ivories 14 The handle of a mirror in hippopotamus ivory.

1929 D. Bussy tr. A. Gide Trav. in Congo i. i. 29 Yesterday they had an open-air auction of hippopotamus meat in the market; the stench was unbearable.

1984 Science 19 Oct. 326/1 This new climate reconstruction is helping to explain why hippopotamus bones turn up in African deserts, among other puzzles.

2016 Edmonton (Alberta) Jrnl. (Nexis) 28 Jan. a2 Among the more notable items seized were 10 hippopotamus tusks.

C2. Parasynthetic, as hippopotamus-headed, hippopotamus-shaped, etc.

ΚΠ

1841 J. G. Wilkinson Manners & Customs Anc. Egyptians 2nd Ser. II. xiv. 179 The only instances of a hippopotamus-headed God are in some figures of blue pottery.

1895 W. St. C. Boscawen Bible & Monuments vi. 169 The worst form of punishment was that of annihilation and destruction by the hippopotamus-shaped Devourer.

1930 Bode (Iowa) Bugle 30 May This hippopotamus-mouthed mountainside [sc. Carlsbad Caverns] is far off the beaten tracks of both commerce and travel.

1984 N.Y. Mag. 23 Apr. 98/1 Greer..bombards our hippopotamus-hided culture with statistics, anecdotes, wisecracks.., and casually lobbed lumps of fact.

2008 W. Mosley Diablerie 154 ‘Mr. Dibbuk,’ the hippopotamus-faced ugly man said, ‘come with me.’

C3.

hippopotamus whip n. a long whip made from a twisted strip of hippopotamus hide.

ΚΠ

1845 Cleveland (Ohio) Herald 21 May In exchange..Barney [sc. a jockey] gets our ‘Hippopotamus whip’.

1892 R. Brown Story Afr. & its Explorers III. xi. 250/1 A stroke of the hippopotamus-whip reminds the helpless wretches that they are now at the mercy of cruel masters.

1956 F. A. Voight tr. P. Hartlmaier Golden Lion 184 They cut the thick hide, about an inch and a half thick.., in strips of the same width from head to tail to make the famous hippopotamus whip.

2006 Afr. News (Nexis) 7 Mar. The suspects used stones, pangas, and a hippopotamus whip to lash their rivals.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hippopotamus
释义	hippopotamusn. Brit. /ˌhɪpəˈpɒtəməs/, U.S. /ˌhɪpəˈpɑdəməs/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, hippopotamuses, hippopotami. Forms: α. Middle English ipotaneus, Middle English irotamus (transmission error), Middle English rotanii (plural, transmission error), Middle English ypotam, Middle English ypotame, Middle English ypotami (plural), Middle English ypotamos, Middle English ypotamus, Middle English ypotamy (plural), Middle English ypotanos, Middle English ypotayne, Middle English yppotani (plural), 1500s hippotamon, 1500s hyppotame, 1500s–1600s hippotame, 1500s– hippotamus, 1600s hipotame, 1600s hipotamus, 1600s hippotam, 1600s hyppotamus, 1700s hippotamos; also Scottish pre-1700 apotayne; N.E.D. (1898) also records forms Middle English ipotayne, Middle English ypotanus. β. 1500s hipposatamies (plural), 1500s hyppopotame, 1500s–1600s hippopotame, 1500s–1600s hyppopotamus, 1600s hippopotomi (plural), 1600s hippopottamy, 1600s hippopotum, 1600s– hippopotamus, 1700s–1800s hippopotamos. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French ypotame; Latin hippotamus, hippopotamus. Etymology: Originally (in α. forms) < (i) Anglo-Norman ypotamus, (plural ypotami, ypotamy) and Middle French ypotame, also (with metathesis) apotayne (late 12th cent. in Old French), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin hippotamus, ippotamus, ypotamus (already in manuscripts of classical Latin authors, e.g. Pliny and Vitruvius; from 8th cent. in British sources), alteration (by haplology) of hippopotamus (see below); subsequently (in β. forms) < classical Latin hippopotamus (also hippopotamius) < Hellenistic Greek ἱπποπόταμος (also ἱπποποτάμιος ) (Galen) < ancient Greek ἵππος horse (see hippo- comb. form) + ποταμός river (see potamic adj.). Compare water horse n. and the foreign-language parallels cited at that entry. Compare also hippo n. and river horse n.Compare: (i) Spanish †ipotamo , Italian †ipotamo (both second half of the 14th cent.); (ii) Old French ypopotamox (plural), Middle French hipopotame , French hippopotame (late 12th cent. in an isolated attestation in Old French, subsequently from 1534), Spanish hipopótamo (late 16th cent.), Italian ippopotamo (15th cent.). Compare also ancient Greek ὁ ἵππος ὁ ποτάμιος the riverine horse (Herodotus). Recent (20th- and 21st-cent.) instances of the form hippotamus may show typographical errors for hippopotamus. 1. A large, heavy, ungulate mammal living in or near rivers and lakes in tropical African grassland, Hippopotamus amphibius (family Hippopotamidae), having short legs, a wide-opening mouth with long canine and incisor teeth, and thick, almost hairless skin. Also: any other living or extinct member of this family.The pygmy hippopotamus, Choeropsis liberiensis, is the only other living member of the family. Fossil hippoptamuses have been found in Europe and Asia, as well as in Africa.Also called †river horse, †sea horse, water horse. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Artiodactyla (cloven-hoofed animals) > [noun] > group Suiformes (hippos and pigs) > family Hippopotamidae > hippopotamus, amphibiusi, or hippo hippopotamusa1398 water horsea1398 river horse1583 seahorse1600 sea-ox1600 morse1703 sea-cow1731 hippo1850 α. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. xiii. xxvi. 681 Some fysshe secheþ here mete oneliche in watir, and some by nyȝt vpon þe londe, as ypotamus ‘the water hors’. c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 5175 Ypotame a wonder beest is, More þan an olifaunt, jwis. a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 5278 He sleþ ypotanos and kokadrille. c1450 (c1350) Alexander & Dindimus (Bodl.) (1929) l. 157 Dredful dragonus..Addrus and ypotamus and oþure ille wormus. 1577 J. Bishop Beautifull Blossomes ii. f. 5^v He alone with his owne hand slue uppon the Amphitheatre in one day, fiue Hippotami, or water horses, two Eliphants, one Rhinocerotes, and a Camelion Pardis. 1586 Hill's Profitable Arte Gardening (new ed.) i. xii. 26 The hide of the riuer Horse, named Hippotamon. 1633 S. Otes Explan. Generall Epist. St. Iude viii. 97 They be vile creatures that are unkinde to their Sires: as the Hippotamos of Nilus, that eateth his damme. 1678 J. P. tr. J. Johnstone Descr. Nature Four-footed Beasts ii. 61/2 One Firmius Seleucius eat an Hippotame. 1705 J. Witty Ess. towards Vindic. Mosaic Hist. Fall of Adam i. 17 The famous Hieroglyphic of Diospolis; where was..an Hippotamus for Hatred. 1777 Beauties Nat. Hist. i. 89 He [sc. the tapir] may indeed be considered as the Hippotamos of the new continent. 1822 Newcastle Mag. Mar. 143/1 The habitations of droves of Hippotamuses, which were seen crossing to and fro at a distance. 1870 Amer. Naturalist 4 165 The rhinoceros, the hippotamus, the tapirs, the monkeys..find in the tropical forests the conditions of existence which the ruder climes of the north long since denied them. 1902 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 14 Feb. 237/2 It is curious to see natives wading about with hippotamuses not far from them. 1988 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 8 Mar. b4/2 Unusual requests are no problem—if you want a stained glass picture with a hippotamus in it, that's what you'll get. β. 1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca at Ciconia The auncient kinges had it on the top of their septours, as they had in the lower parte the beaste called Hippopotamus.1550 R. Sherry tr. Erasmus Declam. Chyldren in Treat. Schemes & Tropes sig. I.ii A beast called Hippopotamus hath shewed y^e cutting of veines.1560 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli 2nd Pt. Secretes Alexis of Piemont 57 The skinne..of a Hyppopotame.1599 S. Daniel Let. from Octavia xlvii. sig. D^v, in Poet. Ess. Me thought a mighty Hippopotamus From Nilus floting, thrusts into the maine.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 91 The river Bambotus full of Crocodiles and Hippopotames.1620 J. Taylor Praise of Hemp-seed Preamble sig. B2 The Ibis, Crocodile, a cat, a dog, The Hippopottamy, beetles, or a frog.1686 A. Mullen Let. 26 Feb. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) VI. 164 A sort of thred..being ti'd round the parts usually seiz'd with the cramp, did constantly in them & in severall of their relations & acquaintance what you ascribe to the tooth of the true hippopotamus and elcks hoofe in the cramp.1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 30 This Valley has its Name from an amphibious Creature, vulgarly call'd a Sea-Cow, and by the Learned, Hippopotamus.1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 292 The hippopotamos is an animal as large, and not less formidable than the Rhinoceros.1833 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 221 The tusks of hippopotamuses often appear on the surface.1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi iii. 81 A considerable body of bitter water containing leeches..crocodiles and hippopotami.1893 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 185 Dr. Leidy came to the conclusion that the hippopotamus of Liberia differed so much from that inhabiting the Nile,..etc., that the Liberian animal should be considered as constituting, not only a distinct species, but a distinct genus [(Choeropsis)].1910 A. R. Dugmore Camera Adventures Afr. Wilds vi. 92 Several hippopotamus came along the river, and amused us with their queer noises, but they would not come ashore.1923 D. A. Mackenzie Myths China & Japan v. 56 He [sc. Set] had previously taken the shapes of the crocodile and the hippopotamus to escape Horus.1989 Jrnl. Vertebr. Paleontol. 9 263/1 The Sicilian fossil hippopotamus, Hippopotamus pentlandi,..showed aquatic adaptations indicating a good swimming ability.2011 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Aug. 25/3 We also know that the closest living relative of whales is the hippopotamus. †2. Heraldry and Mythology. A creature with the head, neck, shoulders, and forelegs of a horse and a body ending in the tail of a fish or dolphin; (also) a representation of this. Cf. hippocamp n., hippodame n.¹ Obsolete.Descriptions of the habits and distribution of this beast in heraldic texts often incorporate material found in factual accounts of the hippopotamus, and in early use the separation from sense 1 may not be entirely distinct (cf. the treatment of the hippopotamus as a kind of fish in quot. a1398 at sense 1α. ). ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > hybrid creature or monster > [noun] > types of hart-wolf1555 equicerve1572 hippopotamus1572 lyciske1572 semitaur1592 lycopanther1607 tityrus1610 jumart1690 lizard-bird1862 plumed serpent1862 baku1881 ophiosaurian1882 Dong1927 merlionc1973 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie f. 100 Two demye hyppotames, Sable... These be water Horsses,..they haue two hoofes like an Ore, the back, mayne, and neyng of an Horsse, a wrigled tayle, & croked tethe like to a Bore. 1658 W. Sanderson Graphice 22 Monsters, Chimeraes, Hippotames, and others such, which Heraulds undertake to bestow upon Gentlemens Buryings. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xvi. 362 He beareth..an Hippotame... This is the forepart of a Horse, and the hinder of a Fish, which in Heraldry is ever turned up after this manner. 1691 T. Heyrick Submarine Voy. i. xxviii. 17, in Misc. Poems Neptune sate in his Chariot High Drawn by Six Hippopotami. 1814 A. T. Blayney Narr. Forced Journey through Spain & France I. xvii. 273 Neptune and his queen..are standing in a scallop shell, drawn by Hippopotami and attended by Nereids. 1830 W. Berry County Geneal.: Pedigrees Families County of Sussex 248 Crest,—An hippopotamus, or sea-horse, assurgent, or, maned az[ure]. Compounds C1. General attributive (in sense 1), as hippopotamus hide, hippopotamus ivory, hippopotamus tusk, etc. ΚΠ 1759 W. Lewis in tr. C. Neumann Chem. Wks. Index sig. 4H2 Hippopotamus tooth, chemical history of. 1822 Newcastle Mag. Dec. 644/1 He..makes a boat of a hippopotamus skin. 1846 Patent Jrnl. 19 Dec. 499/2 Hard indeed is a railway board; hippopotamus-hide is not less impressible: the latter is impervious to lead, the former is only to be perforated by gold. 1875 W. Maskell Ivories 14 The handle of a mirror in hippopotamus ivory. 1929 D. Bussy tr. A. Gide Trav. in Congo i. i. 29 Yesterday they had an open-air auction of hippopotamus meat in the market; the stench was unbearable. 1984 Science 19 Oct. 326/1 This new climate reconstruction is helping to explain why hippopotamus bones turn up in African deserts, among other puzzles. 2016 Edmonton (Alberta) Jrnl. (Nexis) 28 Jan. a2 Among the more notable items seized were 10 hippopotamus tusks. C2. Parasynthetic, as hippopotamus-headed, hippopotamus-shaped, etc. ΚΠ 1841 J. G. Wilkinson Manners & Customs Anc. Egyptians 2nd Ser. II. xiv. 179 The only instances of a hippopotamus-headed God are in some figures of blue pottery. 1895 W. St. C. Boscawen Bible & Monuments vi. 169 The worst form of punishment was that of annihilation and destruction by the hippopotamus-shaped Devourer. 1930 Bode (Iowa) Bugle 30 May This hippopotamus-mouthed mountainside [sc. Carlsbad Caverns] is far off the beaten tracks of both commerce and travel. 1984 N.Y. Mag. 23 Apr. 98/1 Greer..bombards our hippopotamus-hided culture with statistics, anecdotes, wisecracks.., and casually lobbed lumps of fact. 2008 W. Mosley Diablerie 154 ‘Mr. Dibbuk,’ the hippopotamus-faced ugly man said, ‘come with me.’ C3. hippopotamus whip n. a long whip made from a twisted strip of hippopotamus hide. ΚΠ 1845 Cleveland (Ohio) Herald 21 May In exchange..Barney [sc. a jockey] gets our ‘Hippopotamus whip’. 1892 R. Brown Story Afr. & its Explorers III. xi. 250/1 A stroke of the hippopotamus-whip reminds the helpless wretches that they are now at the mercy of cruel masters. 1956 F. A. Voight tr. P. Hartlmaier Golden Lion 184 They cut the thick hide, about an inch and a half thick.., in strips of the same width from head to tail to make the famous hippopotamus whip. 2006 Afr. News (Nexis) 7 Mar. The suspects used stones, pangas, and a hippopotamus whip to lash their rivals. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
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