英语词汇“helmholtz free energy”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

Helmholtz free energy n. [described by Helmholtz 1882, in Sitzungsber. der Königl. Preuss. Akad. der Wissensch. zu Berlin 33] the thermodynamic function A = U − TS (where U is the internal energy, T the temperature, and S the entropy of the system), representing the amount of energy that can be converted into work at constant temperature; also called work function.Cf. free energy n. 2.

ΚΠ

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 167/2 The available energy thus defined differs from E−Tϕ, the free energy of Helmholtz.]

1919 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 41 986 The negative of the differential of the function of Gibbs, or of the Helmholtz free energy, is defined as [etc.].

1937 M. W. Zemansky Heat & Thermodynamics xi. 195 The Helmholtz function is sometimes called the ‘Helmholtz free energy’, or the ‘free-energy’, but these names are confusing since another function..is also called by some authors the free energy.

1967 E. U. Condon & H. Odishaw Handbk. Physics (ed. 2) v. i. 8/1 A system held at constant volume and constant temperature will spontaneously move toward lower values of A. At equilibrium the Helmholtz free energy is a minimum.

2002 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 14168/1 The difference, at constant volume..and temperature..between the Helmholtz free energy of the virtually incompressible protein–PEG–water system and the pure water system.

单词	helmholtz free energy
释义	> as lemmas Helmholtz free energy Helmholtz free energy n. [described by Helmholtz 1882, in Sitzungsber. der Königl. Preuss. Akad. der Wissensch. zu Berlin 33] the thermodynamic function A = U − TS (where U is the internal energy, T the temperature, and S the entropy of the system), representing the amount of energy that can be converted into work at constant temperature; also called work function.Cf. free energy n. 2. ΚΠ 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 167/2 The available energy thus defined differs from E−Tϕ, the free energy of Helmholtz.] 1919 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 41 986 The negative of the differential of the function of Gibbs, or of the Helmholtz free energy, is defined as [etc.]. 1937 M. W. Zemansky Heat & Thermodynamics xi. 195 The Helmholtz function is sometimes called the ‘Helmholtz free energy’, or the ‘free-energy’, but these names are confusing since another function..is also called by some authors the free energy. 1967 E. U. Condon & H. Odishaw Handbk. Physics (ed. 2) v. i. 8/1 A system held at constant volume and constant temperature will spontaneously move toward lower values of A. At equilibrium the Helmholtz free energy is a minimum. 2002 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 14168/1 The difference, at constant volume..and temperature..between the Helmholtz free energy of the virtually incompressible protein–PEG–water system and the pure water system. extracted from Helmholtzn. < as lemmas
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> as lemmas