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† hendadj.n.Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: yhende adj. Etymology: Apparently aphetic < yhende adj. (compare the Germanic forms cited at that entry). Compare hend adv.For similar (sometimes reverse) semantic developments, compare later handy adj. and handsome adj., showing senses related to dexterity, cleverness, pleasantness, grace, usefulness, accessibility, and proximity. Compare further the Old English compound adjectives discussed at yhende adj. and handed adj. Obsolete (chiefly Scottish in later use). Hend was a common word throughout the 13th to 16th centuries, often as a conventional epithet of praise. A. adj. 1. the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adjective] > imminent, near, or at hand c1175 ( Ælfric (Bodl. 343) (Dict. Old Eng. transcript) xxxix. 521 Efne nu is ure hæl hendre [OE gehendre; L. propior] þone we lyfdon. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1952) l. 200 He þouȝt to Aufrike wende After in þe somer hende [a1425 Linc. Inn eynde]. the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > conveniently near the world > action or operation > advantage > convenience > [adjective] > convenient or within reach a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in (1998) I. 41 I was heildit with hawthorne and with heynd leveis. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil v. xii. 113 Follow the counsale is maist ganand and hend, That agit Nautes gaif the, thi trew frend. 2. the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [adjective] c1225 (?c1200) (Bodl.) (1940) l. 71 Se hende is ure lauerd þet nule he nawt þet his icorene beon her wiðute mede. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 7165 Rouwenne þe hende [c1300 Otho faire] sat bi þan kinge. a1300 in C. Brown (1932) 115 Þat bred of hele & of lif, ihesu crist þe hende. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) Prol. l. 22 A sire ye sholde be hende And curteys as a man of youre estaat. ?c1450 (1891) l. 4448 Þou hase a hende hert. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Pref. 456 I say na mair, bot gentill redaris hend, Lat all my faltis with this offence pas by. 1522 (de Worde) (1909) sig. A.ivv Now I am dubbed a knyght hende. c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 9v So hardy so hynd in hall for to se. ?1590 i. sig. A2v Welcome be thou to greene-wood hend Knight and free. c1650 Sir Cawline (Percy) l. 158 in J. W. Hales & F. J. Furnivall (1868) III. 13 ‘But away, away!’ sayd the hend Soldan, ‘Thou tarryest mee here all day!’ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective] c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 1777 Metes and drinches. & hende [c1300 Otho riche] claðes. c1300 St. Katherine (Laud) l. 155 in C. Horstmann (1887) 96 Haue reuþe of þi noble bodi þat is so fair and hende! c1450 (?a1300) (Calig.) l. 366 In þat mynster þat ys so hende. ?c1450 in (1896) 18 313 It growyth comely hende Be-twyn veye [read weye], as men wende. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 893 in W. A. Craigie (1925) II. 123 The farest foule of ye firth and hendest of hewes. 1916 C. M. Doughty v. 121 Love him all, which look in his hend face. the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [adjective] society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > knight > [adjective] c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) l. 12802 Þa com him to an hende [c1300 Otho hendi] cniht. c1400 (?c1390) (1940) l. 26 (MED) Of alle..Bretaygne kynges, Ay watz Arthur þe hendest. a1500 (a1400) (Cambr.) (1844) l. 1297 (MED) Syr Egyllamowre prayed these lordys hynde, Home to Artas that they wolde wynde. the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adjective] > skilful or adroit c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) l. 9335 An ald mon swuðe hende..muche wisdom wes mid him. c1300 (Laud) (1868) l. 2628 Roberd saw þat dint so hende. c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) l. 173 He was hende & wele y-tauȝt, Gij to lern forȝat he nauȝt. 1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in (1998) I. 190 Dame Hamelynes..That hardy was and hende in archery. a1513 R. Fabyan (1516) I. Prol. f. iiiv Thorough that connynge and parfyte memorye Of thynges taken whan I was yonge and hynde. 1568 Christis Kirk on Grene in W. T. Ritchie (1928) II. 264 Ane haisty hensure callit hary quha wes ane archer heynd. B. n.the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > graciousness > person the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > graciousness > person > collectively a1350 (?c1225) (Harl.) (1901) l. 375 Horn quoþ he þou hende to boure gyn þou wende. a1425 (?c1350) (1964) l. 1952 (MED) Umage made he to þat hende. a1513 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen in (1998) I. 41 Alkin hewis under hewin that ony heynd knew. c1540 (?a1400) (2002) f. 128v In a halle þat was hoge þere þe hend lay. 1572 (a1500) (1882) 970 His wyfe wald he nocht forȝet..He send efter that hende. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † hendv.Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Or perhaps (ii) a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: English gehendan. Etymology: Either (i) aphetic < Old English gehendan to hold, keep, to seize, catch < the Germanic base of y- prefix + the Germanic base of hand n. (with a suffix causing i-mutation), or perhaps (ii) < its early Scandinavian cognate (see below). Compare Old Frisian henda , handa to catch, seize, Middle Dutch, Dutch handen to use one's hands, to rule, Middle High German henden to seize, Old Icelandic henda , Old Swedish, Swedish hända , Old Danish, Danish hænde , in a range of senses ‘to grasp, to seize, to pick, to obtain, to hand over, to happen’ < the Germanic base of hand n.The Scandinavian words in the sense ‘to grasp, seize’ perhaps reflect a prefixed formation directly cognate with Old English gehendan (compare discussion at y- prefix). Obsolete ( Irish English ( Wexford) in later use). the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > lay hold of or grasp c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Otho) (1978) l. 10661 And Colgrim ȝam hende [c1275 Calig. hente] and fulde þe Bruttus. a1450 (?a1300) (Caius) (1810) l. 4033 They..toke the temple of Apolyn. They felde it down, and hende Mahoun. ?a1500 W. Lichefeld Complaint of God (Lamb. 306) l. 476 in F. J. Furnivall (1903) 222 Thy dome that I may nat shoone, That bondis of hell can me nat hende. 1596 E. Spenser v. xi. sig. X5v As if that it she would in peeces rend, Or reaue out of the hand that did it hend . View more context for this quotation a1850 in T. P. Dolan & D. Ó. Muirithe (1996) 51 Hend, to feel with the hands. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † hendadv.prep.Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: yhende adv., hend adj. Etymology: Apparently originally aphetic < yhende adv. (compare the Germanic forms cited at that entry). In later use (especially in senses 2 and 3) < hend adj.With use with complement in sense 1 compare yhende prep. and discussion at that entry. Obsolete. the world > space > distance > nearness > [adverb] the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adjective] > imminent, near, or at hand c1175 Ælfric (Bodl.) (Dict. Old Eng. transcript) (1900) II. 318 Hwæt þa Eadmund kyng clypede ænne biscop þe him þa hendest [OE Julius gehendost; L. a secretis] wæs. c1200 ( (Hatton) vii. 2 Hyt wæs hende [OE Corpus Cambr. gehende; L. in proximo] Iudea freolsdaige. c1300 (Laud) (1868) l. 359 Raþe he sende After prestes fer an hende. c1330 (?a1300) (Auch.) (1952) l. 35 Jt no beþ nouȝt alle our frende Þat ous beþ now hende [c1400 Laud yhende]. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 8727 Whan he wist whi þei kam so fer viage, for þe stones nam ouer þe see tille anoþer lond, for þei ne stones hender fond. c1500 in (1887) 79 444/2 Jhesu seyd: ‘woman, come not hend!’ the world > action or operation > advantage > expediency > [adverb] the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [adverb] c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1963) l. 308 In þon castle he dude hende six hundred of his cnihten. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 1911 (MED) Þe dukes..biddeþ hym smertly helpyng, And of-sendeþ quyk socour hende. a1500 (?c1400) (1880) l. 48 (MED) Tak vp tentis and truse hem hem [read hom] hend. the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > [adverb] a1375 (c1350) (1867) l. 2713 Of þis hert and þis hinde hende now listenes. a1400 (a1325) (Trin. Cambr.) l. 9134 Of salomon now we ende þat regned fourty wyntur hende. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 477 in W. A. Craigie (1925) II. 109 He gart hallowe ye hart & syne couth It hyng About his hals full hende & on his awne hart. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece (1858) II. l. 29188 Richt famous wes, that tyme as to his freind; Beseikand him richt curtaslie and heind. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). <  adj.n.c1175v.c1300adv.prep.c1175 |