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单词 hemi-
释义

hemi-prefix

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
Etymology: < Greek ἡμι-, combining form, from earlier *σᾱμι- = Latin sēmi- , Sanskrit sāmi- , Old Germanic *sâmi- , Old English sam- , all meaning ‘half-’. Several Greek words containing this element were in use as technical terms in later Latin, e.g. hēmicyclium , hēmīna , hēmisphærium , hēmistichium . In the modern languages they are very numerous, not only in terms adopted or adapted < Greek (directly or through Latin), but in new formations, scientific or technical, < Greek, or on Greek analogies. Words formed < Latin have the corresponding prefix semi- prefix; but there are instances of hybridism in the use of both prefixes.
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1. Half-; one half, the half, pertaining to or affecting one half; esp. in Anatomy, Biology, and Pathology. Pertaining to one of the two halves (right and left) of the body, or of any of its symmetrical organs.
2. In Crystallography, denoting that a crystal has only half the number of faces which belong to the corresponding holohedral or perfect form; hemisymmetrical. hemihedron n., etc. (See also hemidome n., hemiprism n., hemipyramid n.)
hemi forms n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmɪ fɔːmz/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛmi ˌfɔrmz/
ΚΠ
1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 200/1 Let us suppose two diagonal lines to be drawn through opposite angles, and crossing each other on the faces of the Cube. It may be observed..that the solid angles at the extremities of all these diagonals are truncated to produce the octahedron; but it sometimes happens that the solid angles at the extremities of only one of those diagonals on one plane, and a transverse diagonal on a parallel plane, are truncated, producing a four instead of an eight-sided secondary figure; these are termed hemi forms, from their presenting only half the number of planes which might be expected from the symmetry of the primary crystal.
hemi-icositetrahedron n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˌʌɪkɒsᵻtɛtrəˈhiːdrən/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiaɪˌkoʊsəˌtɛtrəˈhidrən/
ΚΠ
1895 N. Story-Maskelyne Crystallogr. §180 The hemi-icositetrahedron, or tetrahedrid pyramidion..called also the trigonal dodecahedron, or twelve-icoscelohedron.
hemi-octahedral adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪɒktəˈhiːdr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌɑktəˈhidrəl/
ΚΠ
1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) Introd. 27 Monoclinic System..The octahedral planes are all hemioctahedral.
hemi-octahedron n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪɒktəˈhiːdrən/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌɑktəˈhidrən/
ΚΠ
1837 J. D. Dana Min. (1844) i. 40 The resulting form is a tetrahedron or hemi-octahedron.
hemi-scalenohedron n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪskəliːnə(ʊ)ˈhiːdrən/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməskəˌlinəˈhidrən/
ΚΠ
1895 N. Story-Maskelyne Crystallogr. §273 Of the hemiscalenohedron, instances are met with on certain crystals of phenakite, dioptase, and ilmenite.
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hemi-trisoctahedron n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˌtrɪsɒktəˈhiːdrən/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌtrɪˌsɑktəˈhidrən/
3. In Chemistry, formerly applied to binary compounds in which the combining proportion of the electro-negative or chlorous radical, was supposed to be one half that of the electro-positive or basylous radical, as in ‘hemichloride of copper’, Cu2Cl (now Cu″Cl or Cu2Cl2, cuprous chloride), ‘hemioxide of copper’, Cu4O (now Cu2O, cuprous oxide). These were called hemi-compounds. So hemi-hydrate, a compound of one molecule of hydroxyl (HO) with two molecules of an element or radical. Now frequently used to form the name of a derivative body, in which some constituent is present in half the proportion, or in a smaller proportion, than in other members of the group, as in hemibromhydrin, 2C3H8O3+HBr−4H2O (compared with monobromhydrin, C3H8O3 + HBr−H2O), or which forms one of the two substances into which a body may be split up, as in hemialbumin n., hemicollin n.
The following are compounds of hemi- in less general use; words of greater importance follow in their alphabetic places.
hemiblastula n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈblastjᵿlə/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈblastʃᵿlə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈblæstʃələ/
(see quot. 1893).
ΚΠ
1893 tr. A. Weismann Germ-plasm ii. 137 Driesch effected a mechanical separation of the two first segmentation-cells [of the eggs of Sea-urchins], and observed that at first each of them continued to undergo further segmentation,..but that later on the resulting hemiblastula became completed to form an entire one.
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hemiablepsia n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪəˈblɛpsɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiəˈblɛpsiə/
[see ablepsy n.] Pathology = hemianopsia n.
hemi-acetal n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈasᵻtal/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈæsəd(ə)l/
,
/ˌhɛmiˈæsəˌtæl/
Chemistry any of a class of compounds having the general formula R·CH(OH)(OR′), differing from an acetal in having an -OH group in place of one of the -OR groups.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > aldehydes or alkanals > [noun] > aldehyde derivatives
acetal1838
hydramide1865
phenylhydrazone1888
hemi-acetal1893
formal1900
1893 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 64 i. 563 (heading) Hemi-acetals derived from substituted chloranils.
1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. xiv. 273 Hemi-acetals are generally unstable intermediates in the formation of true acetals.
hemialbumin n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈalbjᵿmᵻn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌælˈbjumən/
Chemistry a substance thought to be one of the two original constituents of ordinary albumin; it is converted on digestion into hemialbumose n.
ΚΠ
1876 tr. P. Schützenberger On Fermentation 145 The hemiproteidin or hemialbumin formed by the action of boiling dilute sulphuric acid on albumin.
1878 C. T. Kingzett Animal Chem. 365 When albumin is boiled with dilute sulphuric acid for a few hours it gives two kinds of syntonin, one of which he names hemiprotein..the other he terms hemialbumin.
hemialbumose n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈalbjᵿməʊz/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈalbjᵿməʊs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈælbjəˌmoʊs/
,
/ˌhɛmiˈælbjəˌmoʊz/
,
/ˌhɛmiˌælˈbjuˌmoʊs/
,
/ˌhɛmiˌælˈbjuˌmoʊz/
probably an antecedent of hemipeptone n.
ΚΠ
1883 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 4) App. 719 The hemialbumose..was..isolated by Meissner; it is apparently the body called by him A-peptone.
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hemialgia n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈaldʒ(ɪ)ə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈældʒ(i)ə/
Pathology unilateral pain.
hemiamb n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈam(b)/
,
/ˈhɛmɪam(b)/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈæm(b)/
,
/ˈhɛmiˌæm(b)/
ΚΠ
1844 C. Beck & C. C. Felton tr. E. Munk Metres Greeks & Romans 272 Many Anacreontic poems which are written in hemiambs.
hemiamblyopia n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪamblɪˈəʊpɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌæmbliˈoʊpiə/
Ophthalmology amblyopia of half of the field of vision.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > amaurosis or amblyopia
amblyopia?1587
amafrose1605
amaurosis1657
gutta serena1657
amblyopy1662
drop serene1667
hemiamblyopia1890
1890 W. James Princ. Psychol. I. ii. 44 According to Loeb, the defect is a dimness of vision (‘hemiamblyopia’) in which (however severe) the centres remain the best seeing portions of the retina.
1947 F. B. Walsh Clin. Neuro-ophthalmol. i. 56/1 Along with hemiamblyopia, hemiachromatopsia is evidence for early and partial involvement of the primary visual pathways.
1960 H.-L. Teuber et al. Visual Field Defects vi. 64 (caption) The hemiamblyopia was more disturbing to this patient than an outright hemianopia.
hemiamblyopic n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪamblɪˈɒpɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌæmbliˈɑpɪk/
one suffering from hemiamblyopia.
ΚΠ
1933 Mind 42 386 In hemiamblyopics there is a tendency for a displacement, towards the sound side, of stimuli falling on the amblyopic area.
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hemiambous n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈambəs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈæmbəs/
Prosody an iambic dimeter catalectic.
hemianaesthesia n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪanᵻsˈθiːzɪə/
,
/ˌhɛmɪanᵻsˈθiːʒə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌænəsˈθiʒə/
[anaesthesia n.] Pathology loss of sensation in one side of the body.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered sensation > [noun]
formication1707
horripilation1776–84
pseudaesthesia1822
paraesthesia1848
hyperaesthesia1849
paraesthesis1857
phantom limb1871
hemianaesthesia1878
allochiria1881
polyaesthesia1888
allaesthesia1890
thermo-anaesthesia1890
acroparaesthesia1892
allachaesthesia1894
thermaesthesia1899
trichaesthesia1902
hypoaesthesia1906
thermo-aesthesia1909
1878 A. M. Hamilton Nerv. Dis. 100 Hemianæsthesia is quite marked.
1880 H. C. Bastian Brain xxv. 547 In many cases of Hemi-anæsthesia, the viscera remain at least as tender as ever under firm pressure.
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hemianaesthesic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪanᵻsˈθɛtɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌænəsˈθɛdɪk/
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hemianalgesia adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪanlˈdʒiːzɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌænlˈdʒiziə/
,
/ˌhɛmiˌænlˈdʒiʒə/
[analgesia n.] Pathology insensibility to pain on one side of the body ( Quain's Dict. Med., 1883).
hemianatropous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪəˈnatrəpəs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiəˈnætrəpəs/
[anatropous adj.] Botany half-anatropous; = hemitropous adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [adjective] > having or relating to parts > relating to or having ovule
anatropal1835
campylotropal1835
campylotropous1835
chalazal1835
atropous1839
anatropous1847
atropal1857
hemianatropous1857
hemitropous1860
hemitropal1864
nucellar1880
ovulate1890
1857 A. Henfrey Elem. Course Bot. i. ii. 130 Another condition is..the amphitropous or heterotropous, or hemianatropous, intermediate between orthotropous and anatropous.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 579/2 Hemianatropous, an ovule which is anatropal, with half the raphe free.
hemiangiocarpic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪan(d)ʒɪə(ʊ)ˈkɑːpɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌændʒiəˈkɑrpɪk/
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [adjective] > of, bearing, or characterized by parts
umbonated1752
operculate1775
veiled1776
adnexed1821
pileate1828
sorediferous1829
umbonate1829
floccose1830
adglutinate1831
angiosporous1847
stylosporous1851
byssoid1857
mycelioid1857
sclerotioid1857
soredioid1857
pileiform1858
basidiosporous1859
pileated1859
sorediform1859
tigellular1860
tetradymous1866
tigellate1866
mycelial1867
xylostromatoid1871
hymenial1874
hyphal1875
aecidial1876
pycnidial1877
teleutosporic1880
sorediate1881
pollinodial1886
peridial1887
promycelial1887
mycelian1891
uredosporiferous1895
uredosporous1895
hemiangiocarpous1900
uredinial1900
periplasmic1901
hemiangiocarpic1902
wefted1902
zygophoric1904
aecial1905
pycnial1905
telial1905
sporodochial1913
holocarpic1916
uredinoid1929
uredial1937
monokaryotic1941
protoperithecial1948
parathecial1953
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 558/2 Gymnocarpic and Hemiangiocarpic:—Hymenomycetes.
hemiangiocarpous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪan(d)ʒɪə(ʊ)ˈkɑːpəs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌændʒiəˈkɑrpəs/
designating a fungus in which the hymenium is enclosed during the early part of its development; characteristic of such a fungus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [adjective] > of, bearing, or characterized by parts
umbonated1752
operculate1775
veiled1776
adnexed1821
pileate1828
sorediferous1829
umbonate1829
floccose1830
adglutinate1831
angiosporous1847
stylosporous1851
byssoid1857
mycelioid1857
sclerotioid1857
soredioid1857
pileiform1858
basidiosporous1859
pileated1859
sorediform1859
tigellular1860
tetradymous1866
tigellate1866
mycelial1867
xylostromatoid1871
hymenial1874
hyphal1875
aecidial1876
pycnidial1877
teleutosporic1880
sorediate1881
pollinodial1886
peridial1887
promycelial1887
mycelian1891
uredosporiferous1895
uredosporous1895
hemiangiocarpous1900
uredinial1900
periplasmic1901
hemiangiocarpic1902
wefted1902
zygophoric1904
aecial1905
pycnial1905
telial1905
sporodochial1913
holocarpic1916
uredinoid1929
uredial1937
monokaryotic1941
protoperithecial1948
parathecial1953
1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms Hemiangiocarpous, when the hymenium of some Fungi is for some time covered with a membrane, the gonidiophore is so termed.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 561/1 The Discomycetes and their immediate allies are termed Hemiangiocarpous, because however much their fructifications are closed at first, they ultimately open and expose the layers of asci.
1928 C. W. Dodge tr. E. A. Gäumann Compar. Morphol. Fungi xxv. 410 In the second, or hemiangiocarpous, stage..the sporiferous tissue is differentiated from the tissue in the interior of the fundaments.
1967 M. E. Hale Biol. Lichens ii. 32 Henssen has recently traced consistent hemiangiocarpous development in a group of genera.
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hemiataxy n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪəˈtaksi/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiəˈtæksi/
[ataxy n. 2. Compare French hémiataxie (1897).] Pathology ataxy of a limb on one side of the body.
hemiatrophy n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈatrəfi/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈætrəfi/
[atrophy n.] Pathology atrophy of one side of the body or an organ.
ΚΠ
1886 W. R. Gowers Man. Dis. Nerv. Syst. I. iii. Index 459 Hemiatrophy of tongue.
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hemibromhydrin n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪbrəʊmˈhʌɪdrɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌbroʊmˈhaɪdrən/
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hemicatalepsy n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈkatəlɛpsi/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈkatl̩ɛpsi/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈkædlˌɛpsi/
Pathology catalepsy affecting one side of the body.
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hemicentral adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈsɛntr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈsɛntrəl/
Anatomy of or pertaining to the hemicentrum, one of the pair of lateral elements which compose the centrum of a vertebra.
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hemicephalic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪsᵻˈfalɪk/
,
/ˌhɛmɪkɛˈfalɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməsəˈfælɪk/
Anatomy of or pertaining to the hemicephalum or sinciput (Mayne Expos. Lex. 1854).
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hemicerebral adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪsᵻˈriːbr(ə)l/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈsɛrᵻbr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməsəˈribrəl/
,
/ˌhɛməˈsɛrəbrəl/
Anatomy of or pertaining to a hemicerebrum, i.e. either of the two cerebral adj. hemispheres.
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hemichorea n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪkɔːˈrɪə/
,
/ˌhɛmɪkɒˈrɪə/
,
/ˌhɛmɪkəˈrɪə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməkəˈriə/
Pathology chorea affecting one side of the body.
hemiclastic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈklastɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈklæstɪk/
Geology (see quot. 1888).
ΚΠ
1888 J. J. H. Teall Brit. Petrogr. 433 Hemiclastic, a term applied to a rock composed of detrital constituents united by a secondary cement; as, for instance, many quartzites.
hemicolectomy n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪkə(ʊ)ˈlɛktəmi/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməkəˈlɛktəmi/
,
/ˌhɛməˌkoʊˈlɛktəmi/
Surgery excision of part of the colon, esp. of the right or left half.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > operations on specific parts or conditions > [noun] > operations on intestines
colotomy1860
jejunostomy1885
colostomy1887
ileocolostomy1887
ileo-ileostomy1887
ileostomy1890
caecostomy1891
ileosigmoidostomy1892
short-circuiting1896
ileectomy1900
typhlotomy1903
typhlectomy1913
sigmoidectomy1915
haemorrhoidectomy1917
jejunojejunostomy1925
hemicolectomy1926
1926 R. J. E. Scott Gould's Med. Dict. 596/1 Hemicolectomy.
1963 Lancet 19 Jan. 133/1 A man, aged 53, had had right hemicolectomy performed eight months previously on account of carcinoma of the cæcum.
hemicollin n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈkɒlɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈkɑlən/
[collin n.] Chemistry a peptone-like body formed along with semiglutin, when a solution of gelatin is boiled for a long time.
ΚΠ
1881 Pritchard tr. Eder Emuls. Photogr. 44 Semi-glutin, by standing, reduces silver nitrate without precipitating it, while hemi-colline causes a flaky precipitate of the same.
hemi-compounds n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmɪˌkɒmpaʊndz/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌkɑmpaʊn(d)z/
,
/ˈhɛmiˌkɑmpaʊn(d)z/
ΚΠ
1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 669 Hemi-Compounds ..are often called di-compounds.
hemicrystalline adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈkrɪstəlʌɪn/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈkrɪstl̩ʌɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈkrɪstələn/
,
/ˌhɛməˈkrɪstəˌlaɪn/
half or incompletely crystalline.
ΚΠ
1894 Athenæum 19 Sept. 391/1 He..describes the principal igneous rocks in groups under the three heads, Holocrystalline, Hemicrystalline, and Highly Glassy Rocks.
hemidemisemiquaver n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪdɛmɪˈsɛmɪˌkweɪvə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌdɛməˈsɛməˌkweɪvər/
,
/ˌhɛmiˌdɛmiˈsɛmiˌkweɪvər/
Music a note of half the length of a demisemiquaver, also the symbol for this note, resembling a quaver, but with four hooks.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > duration of notes > [noun] > shorter notes
demisemiquaver1706
semidemisemiquaver1826
hemidemisemiquaver1853
1853 Shelton Rector St. Bardolph's ii. 22 Many a hemi-demi-semi-quaver.
1959 D. Cooke Lang. Music iii. 133 A bass of rushing hemi-demi-semi-quavers.
hemidiapente n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪdʌɪəˈpɛnti/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌdaɪəˈpɛn(t)i/
[diapente n.] Ancient Music a diminished or imperfect fifth.
ΚΠ
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Hemidiapente, an imperfect fifth.
hemiditone n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈdʌɪtəʊn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈdaɪˌtoʊn/
[ditone n.] Ancient Music a minor third.
ΚΠ
1776 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music I. 30 The Chromatic proceeded by two successive semitones, and a hemiditone, or minor third.
hemidrachm n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmᵻdram/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌdræm/
[ἡμίδραχμον] an ancient Greek coin, a half-drachma.
ΚΠ
1841 H. H. Wilson Ariana Antiqua 268 Hemidrachm. Head of king, with fillet, to the right.
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hemi-elliptic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪᵻˈlɪptɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiəˈlɪptɪk/
hemi-elliptical adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪᵻˈlɪptᵻkl/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiəˈlɪptᵻk(ə)l/
half-elliptic; ‘applied to the recess of the vestibule of the external ear’.
ΚΠ
1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 530 The hemispherical and hemi-elliptical depressions are separated by a ridge or pyramidal eminence.
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hemi-encephalic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪɛnsᵻˈfalɪk/
,
/ˌhɛmɪɛnkɛˈfalɪk/
,
/ˌhɛmɪɛŋkɛˈfalɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌɛnsəˈfælɪk/
Anatomy of or pertaining to a hemiencephalon, or lateral half of the encephalon n. or brain.
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hemi-epilepsy n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈɛpᵻlɛpsi/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈɛpəˌlɛpsi/
Pathology an epilepsy producing convulsions on one side of the body only.
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hemifacial adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈfeɪʃl/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈfeɪʃ(ə)l/
Anatomy of or pertaining to one side of the face.
hemigamous adj.
Brit. /hᵻˈmɪɡməs/
,
U.S. /həˈmɪɡəməs/
[ < hemi- prefix + -gamous comb. form, compare Hellenistic Greek ἡμιγαμος half-married, i.e. a concubine] Botany said of grasses, having one of the two florets of a spicule neuter, and the other unisexual.
ΚΠ
1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 549/1 Hemigamous.
hemigeometer n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪdʒɪˈɒmᵻtə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmədʒiˈɑmədər/
Entomology a caterpillar of the Noctuidœ, which in its mode of progression resembles the true geometer caterpillars.
ΚΠ
1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1828) II. xxii. 286 Other hemigeometers..have only six prolegs.
Categories »
hemiglyph n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmᵻɡlɪf/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌɡlɪf/
Architecture the half-glyph or -groove at the edge of the triglyph in the Doric entablature.
Categories »
hemignathous adj.
Brit. /hᵻˈmɪɡnəθəs/
,
U.S. /həˈmɪɡnəθəs/
[γνάθος jaw] Ornithology having one mandible much shorter than the other, as in the genus Hemignathus of sun-birds.
Categories »
hemiholohedral adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪhɒlə(ʊ)ˈhiːdr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌhɑləˈhidrəl/
,
/ˌhɛməˌhoʊləˈhidrəl/
Crystallography having half the number of planes in all the octants; sometimes said of the parallel hemihedral forms of the isometric system.
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hemihydrate n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈhʌɪdreɪt/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈhʌɪdrᵻt/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈhaɪˌdreɪt/
,
/ˌhɛməˈhaɪdrət/
Chemistry see 3. above.
hemi-hydrate n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈhʌɪdreɪt/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈhʌɪdrᵻt/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈhaɪˌdreɪt/
,
/ˌhɛməˈhaɪdrət/
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > plaster > [noun] > plaster of Paris
plastera1387
plaster of Parisa1425
yesoa1533
gesso1596
gypsum1646
Paris plaster1855
stucco1897
hemi-hydrate1909
1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Hemihydrate.
1946 Nature 6 July 13/2 Calcium sulphate exists in three states of hydration, anhydrite, gypsum, and the lower hydrate, generally known as hemihydrate or plaster of Paris.
1965 New Scientist 18 Mar. 709/2 Gypsum is calcined to form the hemi-hydrate which sets after wetting to re-form gypsum.
hemihypertrophy n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪhʌɪˈpəːtrəfi/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌhaɪˈpərtrəfi/
unilateral or partial hypertrophy.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > abnormal or morbid tissue > growth of
polysarcia1693
carnification1744
pullulation1829
hypertrophy1834
heteroplasia1854
neoplasia1871
hyperplasia1873
pseudohypertrophy1873
hemihypertrophy1900
myelomatosis1904
hypercellularity1908
pleocytosis1911
myelosis1916
lymphoblastoma1920
histiocytosis1924
plasmocytosis1924
reticuloendotheliosis1925
reticulosis1932
sarcoidosis1936
retrolental fibroplasia1942
fibrogenesis1952
hyperplasm-
1900 W. A. N. Dorland Amer. Illustr. Med. Dict. 294/1 Hemihypertrophy.
1922 Proc. Royal Soc. Med. 15 Child. 51 Forty cases..of complete hemihypertrophy where all the structures on one side of the body were involved.
1964 S. Duke-Elder Syst. Ophthalmol. III. xvii. 1028 Facial hemihypertrophy is a much rarer condition which may involve the whole of one side of the body.
hemikaryon n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈkarɪɒn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈkɛriˌɑn/
[ < German hemikaryon (T. Boveri 1905, in Jenaische Zeitschr. f. Naturwiss. XXXIX. 447), < Greek κάρυον : see karyo- comb. form] Cytology (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 1132 Hemikaryon, a nucleus containing the haploid number of chromosomes.
hemikaryotic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪkarɪˈɒtɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌkɛriˈɑdɪk/
ΚΠ
1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) ix. 728 (caption) Karyoplasmic relation in embryos of the sea-urchin..stage of haploid (hemikaryotic) dwarf, from merogonic egg-fragment.
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hemiligulate adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈlɪɡjᵿlət/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈlɪɡjəˌleɪt/
Botany half-ligulate: said of the irregular corolla of a composite flower, when it has only one lip of the limb.
hemimellitene n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈmɛlᵻtiːn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈmɛləˌtin/
(also hemi'mellithene, hemiˈmellitine) Chemistry = trimethylbenzene n.
ΚΠ
1889 H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir Watts' Dict. Chem. (rev. ed.) 671/1 Hemimellithene,..formed by distilling (a)-cuminic acid with lime.
1889 H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir Watts' Dict. Chem. (rev. ed.) 671/1 Hemimellithene may also be isolated from coal-tar oil.
1956 Nature 18 Feb. 301/2 The great variety of organic compounds contained in this latest issue [of a text-book] may be indicated by mentioning azelanitrile,..hemimellitine, [etc.].
hemimellitic n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪmᵻˈlɪtɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməməˈlɪdɪk/
Chemistry a crystalline tri-basic acid C9H6O6: see 3. above, and mellitic adj.
ΚΠ
1873 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 11) 833 Mellophanic acid undergoes similar transformations, resulting in the formation of hemimellitic and phthalic acids.
1877 Watts Fownes's Chem. (ed. 12) II. 554 Hemimellitic acid..crystallises in colourless needles somewhat sparingly soluble in water.
hemiobol n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈɒb(ɒ)l/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈɑb(ə)l/
(also hemi'obole) [ἡμιωβόλιον] = hemiobolion n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > classical coins > [noun] > ancient Greek
obolOE
drachmc1384
mnamc1400
dramc1440
mina1495
groat1526
didrachm1548
drachma1579
obolus1579
tetradrachm1579
obole1598
philippic1651
stater1685
tetrobol1693
tridrachm1771
pentadrachm1827
triobol1837
octadrachm1848
decadrachm1856
lepton1877
dodecadrachm1881
diobol1887
trihemiobol1887
distater1895
hemiobol1921
1921 Brit. Mus. Return 81 A gold hemiobol of the fourth century b.c.
1941 Antiquity XV. 302 Issues of tetrobols and hemiobols.
Categories »
hemiobolion n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪəˈbəʊlɪən/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiəˈboʊliən/
Numismatics an ancient Greek coin, half an obol.
Categories »
hemioctahedral adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪɒktəˈhiːdr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌɑktəˈhidrəl/
Categories »
hemioctahedron n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪɒktəˈhiːdrən/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˌɑktəˈhidrən/
Crystallography a tetrahedron considered as to its relation to the octahedron: see 2 above.
hemiologamous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪəˈlɒɡəməs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiəˈlɑɡəməs/
Botany see quot.
ΚΠ
1842 W. T. Brande Dict. Sci., Lit. & Art 549/1 Hemiologamous,..a term employed in speaking of grasses, when in the same spikelet one of two florets is neuter and the other hermaphrodite, as in several species of Panicum.
Categories »
hemione n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmɪəʊn/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛmiˌoʊn/
[ < Latin hemionus, Greek ἡμίονος, < ὄνος ass] Zoology the dziggetai.
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hemiorthotype adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈɔːθətʌɪp/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛmiˈɔrθəˌtaɪp/
[ < hemi- prefix + ortho- comb. form + -type suffix] Crystallography = monoclinic.
Categories »
hemipalmate adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈpalmeɪt/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈpɑːmeɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈpɑ(l)ˌmeɪt/
[palmate n.] Biology half- or partially webbed, semipalmate (Mayne, 1854).
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hemiparaplegia n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪparəˈpliːdʒə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌpɛrəˈplidʒ(i)ə/
[παραπληγία stroke on one side] Pathology paralysis of one lower limb.
hemiparasite n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈparəsʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈpɛrəˌsaɪt/
[German (F. Johow 1890, in Verhandl. Deutsch. Wissensch. Ver. Santiago II. ii. 67)] Botany a facultative parasite, e.g. certain fungi; also a plant which is partially parasitic, drawing water and mineral nutrients but not synthesized foods from its host, e.g. certain higher plants, as the mistletoe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by nutrition or respiration > [noun] > parasite plant
parasite1728
epiphyte1849
hemiparasite1891
xenoparasite1905
biotroph1950
1891 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 70 Each of these classes, except the last, may be again divided into Holoparasites and Hemiparasites.
1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms 120/1 Hemiparasite, a facultative saprophyte, a parasite which can exist as a saprophyte.
1927 H. Gwynne-Vaughan & B. F. Barnes Struct. & Devel. Fungi 13 A species which is usually saprophytic but capable of parasitic existence on occasion is described as a hemi-saprophyte or facultative parasite, and a form which is usually parasitic but sometimes saprophytic as a hemi-parasite or facultative saprophyte.
1960 N. Polunin Introd. Plant Geogr. xiv. 437 There are..two main synusiae in the tropical rain forest—the root-parasites growing on the ground..and the semi-parasites (often termed hemi-parasites) growing epiphytically on the trees.
1970 Nature 21 Mar. 1162/1 Annual hemiparasites characteristically form haustorial connexions (root grafts) with most of the plants that surround them.
hemiparasitic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪparəˈsɪtɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌpɛrəˈsɪdɪk/
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by nutrition or respiration > [adjective] > parasitic
foliicolous1874
plurivorous1899
hemiparasitic1902
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 439/2 Loranthaceæ and Santalaceæ are chiefly hemiparasitic.
1970 Nature 21 Mar. 1161/2 The hemiparasitic flowering plants that live in annual grasslands are of special interest.
hemiparesis n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪpəˈriːsɪs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməpəˈrisᵻs/
[πάρεσις slackening] Pathology paresis or impairment of muscular strength affecting one side of the body.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > types of
mollification?a1425
hemiplexy1576
paraplegia1583
dead palsy?1594
hemiplegia1600
sideration1612
astrobolism1651
paresis1668
hemiplegy1755
general paralysis1820
refixation1825
Pott's disease1827
pamplegia1842
pamplegy1857
crossed palsy1858
transverse palsy1858
neuroparalysis1859
general paresis1862
athetosis1871
monoplegia1876
spastic paralysis1877
Landry's paralysis1882
Little's disease1884
cerebral palsy1889
paraparesis1890
hemiparesis1893
Pott's paraplegia1895
sleep-palsy1896
quadriplegia1897
pressure paralysis1899
Bell's palsy1904
taboparesis1910
tetraplegia1911
tick paralysis1914
quadriparesis1948
Landry–Guillain–Barré syndrome1957
1893 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. I Hemiparesis.
1952 M. E. Florey Clin. Applic. Antibiotics ii. 37 One patient developed hemiparesis and prolonged convulsions.
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hemiparetic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪpəˈrɛtɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməpəˈrɛdɪk/
hemipenis n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmɪˌpiːnɪs/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌpinᵻs/
Zoology one of the paired eversible copulatory organs in snakes and lizards.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Squamata (lizards and snakes) > [noun] > parts of
anteocular1848
zygantrum1854
zygosphene1854
preocular1859
occipital1890
hemipenis1909
1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Hemipenis.
1913 G. A. Boulenger Snakes of Europe ix. 83 Each hemipenis is lodged in a cavity on each side of the base of the tail.
1965 R. Morris & D. Morris Men & Snakes viii. 190 Male snakes possess two hemipenes. Only one hemipenis is inserted at a time and apparently males do not switch from one to the other during the same mating bout.
hemipeptone n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈpɛptəʊn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈpɛpˌtoʊn/
Chemistry a variety of peptone derived from hemialbumose by a continuance of the digestive process: see hemialbumin n.
ΚΠ
1883 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 4) App. 718 In..normal peptic and tryptic digestion..hemipeptone [is preceded] by a hemi-albumose.
Categories »
hemipetalous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈpɛtələs/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈpɛtl̩əs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈpɛdl̩əs/
Botany applied to a state intermediate between monopetalous and polypetalous, in which the petals have partly coalesced.
Categories »
hemiphrase n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmᵻfreɪz/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌfreɪz/
Music a half-phrase, usually occupying only one measure.
hemipinic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈpʌɪnɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈpaɪnɪk/
Chemistry in hemipinic acid, a dibasic crystalline acid, C10H10O6, formed by the decomposition of Opianic acid, 2C10H10O5.
ΚΠ
1873 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 11) 739 Hemipinic Acid is also produced by oxidation of opianic acid and of narcotine.
Categories »
hemipinnate adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈpɪneɪt/
,
/ˌhɛmɪˈpɪnᵻt/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈpɪˌneɪt/
,
/ˌhɛməˈpɪnᵻt/
Botany half or partly pinnate.
hemiplane n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmᵻpleɪn/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌpleɪn/
Geometry half a plane.
ΚΠ
1892 G. B. Halsted Elem. Synth. Geom. 5 Any straight line in a plane cuts it into two parts called hemiplanes.
hemiprotein n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈprəʊtiːn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈproʊˌtin/
Chemistry see quot. 1878 for hemialbumin n. under hemialbumin.
ΚΠ
1876 tr. P. Schützenberger On Fermentation 65 Hemi-protein is also soluble in dilute alkalis, and precipitated by acids.
Categories »
hemirhamphine adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈramfɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈræmfən/
Ichthyology (a fish) having the upper jaw very short in comparison with the lower, as in the genus Hemirhamphus, or half-bills.
hemisaprophyte n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈsaprə(ʊ)fʌɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈsæprəˌfaɪt/
[ < German hemisaprophyt (F. Johow 1889, in Jahrb. f. wissensch. Bot. XX. 479)] Botany a facultative saprophyte, being alternatively either parasitic or autotrophic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by nutrition or respiration > [noun] > that lives on organic matter
saprophyte1875
holosaprophyte1890
hemisaprophyte1895
1895 Ann. Bot. 9 337 The structure of the stele in absorbing rhizome-axes of hemi- and holo-saprophytes is frequently remarkably like that of a root.
1900 B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms 120/2 Hemisaprophyte, a facultative parasite.
1909 E. Warming et al. Oecol. Plants ii. xxv. 90 Hemisaprophytes have the external appearance and structure of normal plants.
1927 H. Gwynne-Vaughan & B. F. Barnes Struct. & Devel. Fungi 13 A species which is usually saprophytic but capable of parasitic existence on occasion is described as a hemi-saprophyte or facultative parasite, and a form which is usually parasitic but sometimes saprophytic as a hemi-parasite or facultative saprophyte.
hemisaprophytic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪsaprə(ʊ)ˈfɪtɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˌsæprəˈfɪdɪk/
ΚΠ
1895 Ann. Bot. 9 337 I have already shown that in a hemisaprophytic Orchid (Corysanthes) there is an atrophy in the leaves of the absorbing rhizome.
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hemiseptal adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈsɛptl/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈsɛpt(ə)l/
Anatomy of or pertaining to a hemiseptum, or lateral half of a septum or partition, as those in the heart and brain.
Categories »
hemisome n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmᵻsəʊm/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌsoʊm/
[σῶμα body] Biology one half of the body of an animal.
hemispasm n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmɪˌspaz(ə)m/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌspæzəm/
Pathology a spasm affecting one side only of the body.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [noun] > spasm or cramp > type of spasm
hemispasm1871
Trousseau's sign1887
protospasm1890
1871 T. Watson Lect. Physic (ed. 5) I. xxv. 484 The phenomena of hemispasm—of convulsions limited to the limbs of one side.
a1883 C. H. Fagge Princ. & Pract. Med. (1886) I. 534 Hemispasm—the ‘mobile counterpart’ of hemiplegia.
Categories »
hemitrichous adj.
Brit. /hᵻˈmɪtrᵻkəs/
,
U.S. /həˈmɪtrəkəs/
[τριχ- hair] Botany half clothed with hairs ( Treasury Bot. 1866).
Categories »
hemitriglyph n.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈtrʌɪɡlɪf/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈtraɪˌɡlɪf/
Architecture a half triglyph (Gwilt Archit.).
Categories »
hemitype n.
Brit. /ˈhɛmᵻtʌɪp/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛməˌtaɪp/
a half-type, that which is hemitypic.
Categories »
hemitypic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛmɪˈtɪpɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛməˈtɪpɪk/
Zoology partially typical of a given group, of an intermediate type.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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