heroinn.

Brit.

/ˈhɛrəʊɪn/, U.S.

/ˈhɛrəwən/

Forms:

α. 1800s heroïn, 1800s– heroin.

β. 1800s– heroine.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Heroin.

Etymology: < German Heroin (1896) < ancient Greek ἥρως hero n. + German -in -ine suffix⁵. The substance was so named on account of the inflation of the personality consequent upon taking the drug. With the β. forms compare -ine suffix⁵, and also French héroïne (1899 or earlier).Although the substance had already been synthesized by C. R. Wright in 1874 ( Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 27 1035), it was commercialized by the German chemist H. Dreser (1860–1924), who was working for the Bayer company, and the use of Heroin as its name was registered as a trademark by Bayer in 1898. Dreser published his first scientific paper on heroin and other morphine derivatives in Archiv für die gesammte Physiologie des Menschen und der Thiere (1898) 72 485–521. O.E.D. Suppl. (1972) also records /hɪˈrəʊɪn/ as an alternative former pronunciation; this pronunciation is still recorded as a less common variant by Webster's Third New International Dict. (1961), but 20th-cent. British pronouncing dictionaries give only the pronunciation with stress on the first syllable.

The drug diacetylmorphine, originally developed as a narcotic analgesic, now seldom used in medicine because of its highly addictive nature, but widespread as a drug of abuse. Cf. diacetylmorphine n., diamorphine n.Also called dynamite, H, horse, junk, scag, smack, etc.Heroin is mainly produced by the chemical modification of morphine obtained from the opium poppy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > a) narcotic drug(s) > morphine, cocaine, or heroin > heroin

heroin1898

junk1921

dynamite1924

schmeck1932

smack1942

horse1950

gear1954

boy1955

sugar1956

chiva1964

scag1967

hoss1968

scat1970

P-funk1982

black tar1983

1898 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 2 Aug. 805/1 Sedative. Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld Company, New York... The word ‘Heroin’.

1898 Lancet 3 Dec. 1511/1 A new hypnotic, to which the name of ‘heroïn’ has been given, has been tried in the medical clinic of Professor Gerhardt in Berlin.

1899 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 25 Nov. 87/2 Einhorn has used the remedy..either in powder form or tablets, or heroin hydrochloride in solutions.

1908 Practitioner Apr. 436 Subcutaneous injections of morphia or heroin locally.

1920 A. B. Baxter Parts Men Play xviii She..took to opium cigarettes, and then to heroin. She disappeared one night.

1957 J. Kerouac On the Road ii. x. 173 A big shot of heroin in the main-line vein.

1967 L. Reed Heroin in Pass thru Fire (2000) 10 (song) When that heroin is in my blood And that blood is in my head Man thank God I'm good as dead.

1984 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 31 Mar. 1020/3 [A doctor] had been fined $10 000 for importing a substantial quantity of heroin hydrochloride..into the United States.

1995 L. Garrett Coming Plague (new ed.) x. 276 Once it reached Newark, a two-pound bag of pure heroin might be ‘cut’ or ‘stepped on’ with some other chemical by 90 or 95 percent.

2006 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 June 26/2 Afghanistan produces 87 percent of the world's heroin according to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime.

Compounds

C1. General attributive and objective (with agent noun).

ΚΠ

1898 Amer. Therapist Dec. 114/2 In 100 cm. blood the quantity of oxygen required for complete saturation was 1.66 cm. oxygen before the heroin injection.

1920 E. S. Bishop Narcotic Drug Probl. iii. 23 The heroin ‘sniffer’ of idle and curious adolescence.

1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential i. iii. 26 The pusher..sells $1 heroin caps for $1.50 in Harlem.

1972 Listener 27 Jan. 125/3 The Marseilles-New York heroin traffic.

1990 S. Morgan Homeboy xxii. 139 Funny thing about heroin withdrawal, you developed a tragic sweet tooth.

1997 G. Sikes 8 Ball Chicks ii. 162 Fred was now a heroin entrepreneur, hiring gangstas as runners.

2012 N.Y. Times Mag. 23 Sept. 18/3 As a heroin user might rely on methadone to alleviate withdrawal, food addicts..should seek alternatives that still give pleasure.

C2.

heroin addict n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > drug addiction or craving > [noun] > drug addict > addicted to morphia or heroin

morphinomaniac1887

morphiomaniac1888

morphomaniac1893

morphinist1894

heroin addict1904

needle1936

viper1938

smackhead1967

1904 J. D. Albright Gen. Practitioner as Specialist (ed. 3) 176 Compare this statement to that of an inebriate who finds that he can get along well without whisky when he uses alcohol, and you will appreciate the position of a heroin addict.

1924 Westm. Gaz. 19 Dec. 4/2 People who..get into the habit of going to the chemist for drugs to induce sleep, and often end up by becoming opium, morphine, or heroin addicts.

1968 Evening News 11 Dec. 13/1 The ‘erratic and unsatisfactory life’ of a 19-year-old heroin addict ended when he took a barbiturate overdose.

1987 K. Lette Girls' Night Out (1989) 26 The two girls had set me up wiv all these guys. But they got their own. Like they're heroin addicts and prostitutes now.

2012 Independent on Sunday 10 June (New Review) 26/1 Three out of seven in my group of friends became heroin addicts and went to prison.

heroin addiction n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > drug addiction or craving > [noun] > to or for specific drug

opiomania1868

morphiomania1876

etheromania1883

etherism1887

morphinomania1887

heroin addiction1903

1903 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 4 Apr. 940/1 The published statements that heroin does not cause the habit of using it are contradicted by Pettey, who reports cases of heroin addiction.

1968 Lancet 7 Dec. 1239/2 The cost of treating heroin addiction is particularly great.

2004 Vanity Fair Aug. 134/3 Richard Hell..survived his heroin addiction to become poète maudit of the Lower East Side.

C3.

heroin chic n. the glamorization of the culture surrounding heroin and its users; the style or look associated with this culture regarded or appropriated as fashion, esp. as characterized by the use of very thin, wan fashion models.

ΚΠ

1984 New York 24 Dec. 64/1 A far cry from the heroin chic or the cocaine twittering of the seventies.

1986 Sunday Times 13 July 25/2 Keith Richard, Jack Bruce and Eric Clapton have been among the more celebrated victims of the myth of heroin chic.

1996 Economist 20 July 44/2 The worry is over ‘heroin chic’, marked by new trends in fashion and films such as ‘Trainspotting’.

2005 Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 26 Aug. 5 Increasing numbers of designers are turning away from the heroin chic of years past to embrace a fuller-figured healthy model.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	heroin
释义	heroinn. Brit. /ˈhɛrəʊɪn/, U.S. /ˈhɛrəwən/ Forms: α. 1800s heroïn, 1800s– heroin. β. 1800s– heroine. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Heroin. Etymology: < German Heroin (1896) < ancient Greek ἥρως hero n. + German -in -ine suffix⁵. The substance was so named on account of the inflation of the personality consequent upon taking the drug. With the β. forms compare -ine suffix⁵, and also French héroïne (1899 or earlier).Although the substance had already been synthesized by C. R. Wright in 1874 ( Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 27 1035), it was commercialized by the German chemist H. Dreser (1860–1924), who was working for the Bayer company, and the use of Heroin as its name was registered as a trademark by Bayer in 1898. Dreser published his first scientific paper on heroin and other morphine derivatives in Archiv für die gesammte Physiologie des Menschen und der Thiere (1898) 72 485–521. O.E.D. Suppl. (1972) also records /hɪˈrəʊɪn/ as an alternative former pronunciation; this pronunciation is still recorded as a less common variant by Webster's Third New International Dict. (1961), but 20th-cent. British pronouncing dictionaries give only the pronunciation with stress on the first syllable. The drug diacetylmorphine, originally developed as a narcotic analgesic, now seldom used in medicine because of its highly addictive nature, but widespread as a drug of abuse. Cf. diacetylmorphine n., diamorphine n.Also called dynamite, H, horse, junk, scag, smack, etc.Heroin is mainly produced by the chemical modification of morphine obtained from the opium poppy. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > an intoxicating drug > [noun] > a) narcotic drug(s) > morphine, cocaine, or heroin > heroin heroin1898 junk1921 dynamite1924 schmeck1932 smack1942 horse1950 gear1954 boy1955 sugar1956 chiva1964 scag1967 hoss1968 scat1970 P-funk1982 black tar1983 1898 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 2 Aug. 805/1 Sedative. Farbenfabriken of Elberfeld Company, New York... The word ‘Heroin’. 1898 Lancet 3 Dec. 1511/1 A new hypnotic, to which the name of ‘heroïn’ has been given, has been tried in the medical clinic of Professor Gerhardt in Berlin. 1899 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 25 Nov. 87/2 Einhorn has used the remedy..either in powder form or tablets, or heroin hydrochloride in solutions. 1908 Practitioner Apr. 436 Subcutaneous injections of morphia or heroin locally. 1920 A. B. Baxter Parts Men Play xviii She..took to opium cigarettes, and then to heroin. She disappeared one night. 1957 J. Kerouac On the Road ii. x. 173 A big shot of heroin in the main-line vein. 1967 L. Reed Heroin in Pass thru Fire (2000) 10 (song) When that heroin is in my blood And that blood is in my head Man thank God I'm good as dead. 1984 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 31 Mar. 1020/3 [A doctor] had been fined $10 000 for importing a substantial quantity of heroin hydrochloride..into the United States. 1995 L. Garrett Coming Plague (new ed.) x. 276 Once it reached Newark, a two-pound bag of pure heroin might be ‘cut’ or ‘stepped on’ with some other chemical by 90 or 95 percent. 2006 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 June 26/2 Afghanistan produces 87 percent of the world's heroin according to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime. Compounds C1. General attributive and objective (with agent noun). ΚΠ 1898 Amer. Therapist Dec. 114/2 In 100 cm. blood the quantity of oxygen required for complete saturation was 1.66 cm. oxygen before the heroin injection. 1920 E. S. Bishop Narcotic Drug Probl. iii. 23 The heroin ‘sniffer’ of idle and curious adolescence. 1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential i. iii. 26 The pusher..sells $1 heroin caps for $1.50 in Harlem. 1972 Listener 27 Jan. 125/3 The Marseilles-New York heroin traffic. 1990 S. Morgan Homeboy xxii. 139 Funny thing about heroin withdrawal, you developed a tragic sweet tooth. 1997 G. Sikes 8 Ball Chicks ii. 162 Fred was now a heroin entrepreneur, hiring gangstas as runners. 2012 N.Y. Times Mag. 23 Sept. 18/3 As a heroin user might rely on methadone to alleviate withdrawal, food addicts..should seek alternatives that still give pleasure. C2. heroin addict n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > drug addiction or craving > [noun] > drug addict > addicted to morphia or heroin morphinomaniac1887 morphiomaniac1888 morphomaniac1893 morphinist1894 heroin addict1904 needle1936 viper1938 smackhead1967 1904 J. D. Albright Gen. Practitioner as Specialist (ed. 3) 176 Compare this statement to that of an inebriate who finds that he can get along well without whisky when he uses alcohol, and you will appreciate the position of a heroin addict. 1924 Westm. Gaz. 19 Dec. 4/2 People who..get into the habit of going to the chemist for drugs to induce sleep, and often end up by becoming opium, morphine, or heroin addicts. 1968 Evening News 11 Dec. 13/1 The ‘erratic and unsatisfactory life’ of a 19-year-old heroin addict ended when he took a barbiturate overdose. 1987 K. Lette Girls' Night Out (1989) 26 The two girls had set me up wiv all these guys. But they got their own. Like they're heroin addicts and prostitutes now. 2012 Independent on Sunday 10 June (New Review) 26/1 Three out of seven in my group of friends became heroin addicts and went to prison. heroin addiction n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > drug addiction or craving > [noun] > to or for specific drug opiomania1868 morphiomania1876 etheromania1883 etherism1887 morphinomania1887 heroin addiction1903 1903 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 4 Apr. 940/1 The published statements that heroin does not cause the habit of using it are contradicted by Pettey, who reports cases of heroin addiction. 1968 Lancet 7 Dec. 1239/2 The cost of treating heroin addiction is particularly great. 2004 Vanity Fair Aug. 134/3 Richard Hell..survived his heroin addiction to become poète maudit of the Lower East Side. C3. heroin chic n. the glamorization of the culture surrounding heroin and its users; the style or look associated with this culture regarded or appropriated as fashion, esp. as characterized by the use of very thin, wan fashion models. ΚΠ 1984 New York 24 Dec. 64/1 A far cry from the heroin chic or the cocaine twittering of the seventies. 1986 Sunday Times 13 July 25/2 Keith Richard, Jack Bruce and Eric Clapton have been among the more celebrated victims of the myth of heroin chic. 1996 Economist 20 July 44/2 The worry is over ‘heroin chic’, marked by new trends in fashion and films such as ‘Trainspotting’. 2005 Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 26 Aug. 5 Increasing numbers of designers are turning away from the heroin chic of years past to embrace a fuller-figured healthy model. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1898
随便看	put in fear put in firmance put in for a snack put in force put in gear put in hazard put in head that put in heart put in his, her place put in hospital put in in a mind put in irons put in lot put in mind put in motion put in neutral put in no chaloir put in oblivion put in one's gears put in one's pocket put in one's spoke put in or enter a caveat put in or to a venture put in or to the venture put in pension