hersen.

/həːs/

Forms: Also Middle English hierche, 1500s hersse, 1500s–1600s hearse.

Etymology: < French herse (12th cent. in Littré) harrow < Latin hirpex , hirpic-em , large rake used as a harrow. The same word which, in a different group of senses, has now the form hearse n.

†1.

Thesaurus »

Categories »

a. A harrow, for agricultural use.

b. A harrow used for a cheval-de-frise, and laid in the way or in breaches with the points upward to obstruct enemy. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > barricade > [noun] > anti-cavalry barrier

turnpikec1420

caltrop1519

harrow1548

chausse-trap1591

swine feather1639

swine's pike1639

crowfoot1678

cheval de frise1688

horse de frise1688

hersillon1704

herse1728

crow's foot1772

trou-de-loup1780

cheval-trap1787

frise1809

spear1823

punji stake (or stick)1849

night-cat1863

1454 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) III. 555/1 2 new herciæ sive canill @ /8.]

1480 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xiii. xv He kembyd his heer w^t an hierche in stede of a combe.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Herses are also often laid in the Roads, to incommode the March as well of the Horse, as the Infantry.

c. A portcullis grated and spiked. Historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > gate > [noun] > portcullis

portcullisc1330

forehearse1589

rastel1598

cataract1656

herse1704

orgues1706

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Herse, in Fortification, is a Lattice in the form of a Harrow, and beset with many Iron Spikes. It is usually hung..that the herse may fall, and stop up the Passage..or other Entrance of a Fortress.

1841 Archaeologia 29 62 The..absence of the Herse is very unusual, and can only be explained, under the supposition that there was one at the porch of entrance, now fallen.

d. Heraldry. A charge representing a portcullis or a harrow.

ΚΠ

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. clxxi. [clxvii.] 501 The deuyse in y^e Standerde was a Herse golde, standyng on a bed goules.

†2. Military. A form of battle array. Cf. harrow n.¹ 3. Obsolete.The actual arrangement is much controverted.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [noun] > other formations

herse1523

shears1562

snail1579

rendy1581

saw battle1598

shear-battle1598

file1616

horn battle1635

sconce-battle1635

potence1760

echelon1796

marching order1819

harrow1876

zariba1887

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cxxx. 156 The archers..stode in maner of a herse, and the men of armes in the botome of the batayle.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. clx. 195 Men of armes afote and archers afore them, in maner of a herse.

1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 92 To place the like number in an hearse or square Battaile.

1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 93 Sometime by reason of the ground it is necessarie to bring such a number into an hearse or twofolde battaile which maie be more auailable then the quadrant battaile.

1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons 30–33.

1635 W. Barriffe Mil. Discipline cii. 283 The Hearse-Battell..is, when the depth doth manifold exceede the length, thrice at the least.

1884 R. F. Burton Bk. of Sword 245 The Phalanx or oblong herse was irresistible during the compact advance.

1897 Eng. Hist. Rev. July 432, etc.

3. A frame on which skins are dried: see quot. 1875.

ΚΠ

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 513 They [skins] must be set to dry in such a way as to prevent their puckering, and to render them easily worked. The small manufacturers make use of hoops for this purpose, but the greater employ a herse, or stout wooden frame.

Derivatives

hersed adj. drawn up in the military formation called a herse.

ΚΠ

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc ii. 88 From his hersed bowmen how the arrows flew Thick as the snow-flakes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	herse
释义	hersen. /həːs/ Forms: Also Middle English hierche, 1500s hersse, 1500s–1600s hearse. Etymology: < French herse (12th cent. in Littré) harrow < Latin hirpex , hirpic-em , large rake used as a harrow. The same word which, in a different group of senses, has now the form hearse n. †1. Thesaurus » Categories » a. A harrow, for agricultural use. b. A harrow used for a cheval-de-frise, and laid in the way or in breaches with the points upward to obstruct enemy. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > barricade > [noun] > anti-cavalry barrier turnpikec1420 caltrop1519 harrow1548 chausse-trap1591 swine feather1639 swine's pike1639 crowfoot1678 cheval de frise1688 horse de frise1688 hersillon1704 herse1728 crow's foot1772 trou-de-loup1780 cheval-trap1787 frise1809 spear1823 punji stake (or stick)1849 night-cat1863 1454 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) III. 555/1 2 new herciæ sive canill @ /8.] 1480 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xiii. xv He kembyd his heer w^t an hierche in stede of a combe. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Herses are also often laid in the Roads, to incommode the March as well of the Horse, as the Infantry. c. A portcullis grated and spiked. Historical. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > gate > [noun] > portcullis portcullisc1330 forehearse1589 rastel1598 cataract1656 herse1704 orgues1706 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Herse, in Fortification, is a Lattice in the form of a Harrow, and beset with many Iron Spikes. It is usually hung..that the herse may fall, and stop up the Passage..or other Entrance of a Fortress. 1841 Archaeologia 29 62 The..absence of the Herse is very unusual, and can only be explained, under the supposition that there was one at the porch of entrance, now fallen. d. Heraldry. A charge representing a portcullis or a harrow. ΚΠ 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. clxxi. [clxvii.] 501 The deuyse in y^e Standerde was a Herse golde, standyng on a bed goules. †2. Military. A form of battle array. Cf. harrow n.¹ 3. Obsolete.The actual arrangement is much controverted. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [noun] > other formations herse1523 shears1562 snail1579 rendy1581 saw battle1598 shear-battle1598 file1616 horn battle1635 sconce-battle1635 potence1760 echelon1796 marching order1819 harrow1876 zariba1887 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cxxx. 156 The archers..stode in maner of a herse, and the men of armes in the botome of the batayle. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. clx. 195 Men of armes afote and archers afore them, in maner of a herse. 1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 92 To place the like number in an hearse or square Battaile. 1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 93 Sometime by reason of the ground it is necessarie to bring such a number into an hearse or twofolde battaile which maie be more auailable then the quadrant battaile. 1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons 30–33. 1635 W. Barriffe Mil. Discipline cii. 283 The Hearse-Battell..is, when the depth doth manifold exceede the length, thrice at the least. 1884 R. F. Burton Bk. of Sword 245 The Phalanx or oblong herse was irresistible during the compact advance. 1897 Eng. Hist. Rev. July 432, etc. 3. A frame on which skins are dried: see quot. 1875. ΚΠ 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 513 They [skins] must be set to dry in such a way as to prevent their puckering, and to render them easily worked. The small manufacturers make use of hoops for this purpose, but the greater employ a herse, or stout wooden frame. Derivatives hersed adj. drawn up in the military formation called a herse. ΚΠ 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc ii. 88 From his hersed bowmen how the arrows flew Thick as the snow-flakes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † hersev. Etymology: < Old English type hersian , related to herian* hery v., as halse v.¹ is to hail v.² Obsolete. rare. transitive. To glorify or extol. ΚΠ a1400–50 Alexander 2200 Mast hiȝe ȝe ere hersid & herid of ȝoure strenthe. a1400–50 Alexander 2498 Þe hiȝere I here him enhansed & hersude his name. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.1480v.a1400
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hersen.

Derivatives

† hersev.