hippo-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Forms: before a vowel hipp-.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin hippo-, Greek ἱππο-.

Etymology: < classical Latin hippo- (in e.g. hippocentaurus hippocentaur n.) and its etymon ancient Greek ἱππο-, combining form (in e.g. ἱππόδρομος hippodrome n.) of ἵππος horse (Mycenaean Greek i-qo ) < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit aśva , classical Latin equus (compare equine adj.), Gaulish epos (as a personal name), epo- (frequently in names), Early Irish ech , Old Breton eb , Old English eoh , Old Saxon ehu , Gothic aihva- (only in the compound aihvatundi bramble, prickly bush), all in sense ‘horse’, Old Icelandic jór stallion, Old Prussian aswinan (with a suffix) mare's milk, Lithuanian †ešva , †ašva mare; compare -o- connective.Compare French hippo- (formations in which are attested from the early 19th cent.), German Hippo- (formations in which are attested from at least the late 19th cent.). Attested earliest in the late 14th cent. in the French and Latin loan hippopotamus n., and subsequently in a number of borrowings from Latin, Greek, and occasionally French. Formations within English are found sporadically from the early 17th cent., becoming more numerous in the 19th cent.

Forming nouns and adjectives with the sense ‘of, relating to, or obtained from horses; of the nature of a horse, equine’.

hippocoprosterol n.

Brit.

/ˌhɪpə(ʊ)kə(ʊ)ˈprɒstərɒl/

U.S.

/ˌhɪpoʊkəˈprɔstəˌrɔl/

/ˌhɪpoʊkəˈprɔstəˌrɑl/

/ˌhɪpoʊkəˈprɔstəˌroʊl/

[after German Hippokoprosterin (S. Bondzyński & V. Humnicki 1896, in Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 22 409), with suffix substitution (compare -ol suffix and -sterol suffix) in English] Chemistry (now rare or disused) a compound obtained from horse faeces, shown to be an undigested phytosterol constituent of grass.

ΚΠ

1897 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 72 i. 183 Hippocoprosterol, C₂₇H₅₄O or C₂₇H₅₆O, is obtained from the faeces of the horse.

1915 A. P. Mathews Physiol. Chem. x. 435 In the feces of horses, cows, sheep and rabbits there is a hippocoprosterol, or hippostercorin, C₂₇H₅₄O, which is the phytosterol of grass, which has passed through the intestine unchanged.

1947 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 865 It was shown that hippocoprosterol and similar so-called sterols found in the fæces of herbivora were one and the same substance and a constituent of the grass on which the animals fed.

† hippogony n. Obsolete rare the origin, birth, or conception of a horse.

ΚΠ

1838 R. Southey Doctor V. 88 There was nothing supernatural in Nobs. His hippogony..would upon his theory have been in the course of nature, though not in her usual course.

† hippomelanin n. [after German Hippomelanin (J. Berdez & M. Nencki 1885, in Archiv für experimentelle Pathologie & Pharmacologie 20 353)] Chemistry Obsolete a pigment obtained from a melanotic tumour of a horse.

ΚΠ

1906 L. A. Merillat Princ. Vet. Surg. II. xiv. 527 Melano-sarcoma of the horse contains a pigment called hippomelanin, which contains no iron and has the following composition.

1915 J. A. Mandel tr. O. Hammarsten & S. G. Hedin Text-bk. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 7) xv. 843 Hippomelanin, according to v. Fürth and Jerusalem, gives a fecal odor on this treatment.

† hipponomy n. [compare ancient Greek ἱππονόμος keeping horses] Obsolete rare (a treatise containing) a method or system for the care or management of horses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [noun]

horsemanship1566

hipponomy1618

hipparchy1631

horse-keeping1777

peonage1844

horse-mastership1904

stablecraft1931

1618 M. Baret (title) An hipponomie or the vineyard of horsemanship.

† hipponosological adj. Obsolete rare of or relating to hipponosology.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [adjective] > animal disease spec.

hippopathological1848

hipponosological1856

1856 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 438/2 Hipponosologicus,..of or belonging to hipponosology..: hipponosological.

hipponosology n.

Brit.

/ˌhɪpənɒˈsɒlədʒi/

/ˌhɪpənə(ʊ)ˈsɒlədʒi/

U.S.

/ˌhɪpoʊˌnoʊˈsɑlədʒi/

/ˌhɪpoʊˌnoʊˈzɑlədʒi/

/ˌhɪpəˌnoʊˈsɑlədʒi/

/ˌhɪpəˌnoʊˈzɑlədʒi/

[after scientific Latin hipponosologia (1826 or earlier)] rare the study of or knowledge of the diseases of horses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [noun] > animal disease > specific

hippopathology1834

hipponosology1856

1856 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 438/2 Hipponosologia,..hipponosology.

1983 Moosehead Rev. No. 8. 24 I was quite secure in my hippopathology (or, as it should be more accurately termed, hipponosology) and could not be budged.

hippopathological adj.

Brit.

/ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˌpaθəˈlɒdʒᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌhɪpoʊˌpæθəˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/

/ˌhɪpəˌpæθəˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/

[compare scientific Latin hippopathologicus (1826 or earlier)] now rare of or relating to hippopathology.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [adjective] > animal disease spec.

hippopathological1848

hipponosological1856

1848 J. M. Wilson Rural Cycl. II. 656/2 In spite of the enormous bulk and the vast variety of our hippopathological literature,..the science continues to be incredibly little known by the great body of the horse-owning community.

1879 T. S. Cobbold Parasites 368 The hippopathological aspects of parasitism.

1995 D. L. Stoudt in M. R. Schleissner Manuscript Sources Medieval Med. 168 These included hippopathological works, folkloric cures and incantations, and works devoted to astrological medicine and alchemy.

hippopathology n.

Brit.

/ˌhɪpə(ʊ)pəˈθɒlədʒi/

U.S.

/ˌhɪpoʊpəˈθɑlədʒi/

[compare French hippopathologie, scientific Latin hippopathologia (both 1803 or earlier)] now rare the study of or knowledge of pathological conditions of the horse; †(the title of) a treatise on this (obsolete); †the branch of veterinary science dealing with this (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [noun] > animal disease > specific

hippopathology1834

hipponosology1856

1834 W. Percivall (title) Hippopathology: a Systematic Treatise on the Disorders and Lameness of the Horse.

1862 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 May 459/2 M. Renault, Professor of Hippopathology, furnished some interesting facts in support of fresh air for animals.

1889 N. Wales Chron. 9 Feb. 2/6 The Paris ‘lady-Vet.’ is undoubtedly the first of her sex who has ever qualified herself by a course of hippo-pathology for the useful task of prescribing remedies for the cure of the diseases of animals.

1983 Moosehead Rev. No. 8. 24 I was quite secure in my hippopathology (or, as it should be more accurately termed, hipponosology) and could not be budged.

† hipposteology n. [after post-classical Latin hipposteologia (1756 in a work title, or earlier)] Obsolete rare the scientific study of the bones of the horse; osteology of the horse.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1839 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 2) 309/2 Hipposteology, Hipposteologia,... Osteology of the horse. [Also in later dictionaries.]

hippotigrine adj.

Brit.

/ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˈtʌɪɡrʌɪn/

U.S.

/ˌhɪpoʊˈtaɪɡrən/

/ˌhɪpoʊˈtaɪˌɡraɪn/

[compare scientific Latin hippotigris, former specific name (1841), Hellenistic Greek ἱππότιγρις large kind of tiger] designating an equine (genus Equus) that has striped markings, esp. a zebra; of or relating to such an equine.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > [adjective] > of or relating to striped equines

hippotigrine1841

1841 C. H. Smith Nat. Hist. Horses (Naturalist's Libr.: Mammalia XII) 342 Not only these hippotigrine marks remained, but the manes also were coarse and standing.

1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 259/1 Of wild horses the asinine group is characteristic of Asia, and the hippotigrine of Africa.

1947 J. Stevenson-Hamilton Wild Life S. Afr. vi. 51 The Cape mountain zebra (Equus zebra) is the smallest of the group of hippotigrine equines, standing some 4 feet at the shoulder.

1994 Contrib. in Sci. (Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles County) No. 440. 84/2 The possibility of a second migratory wave of equids at about 1.9 Ma, this time involving the subgenus Equus, that may have resulted in the establishment of the hippotigrine quagga, plains, and mountain zebras in sub-Saharan Africa.

hippotragine adj. and n.

Brit.

/hɪˈpɒtrədʒɪn/

/hɪˈpɒtrədʒʌɪn/

U.S.

/hɪˈpɑtrədʒ(ə)n/

/hɪˈpɑtrəɡ(ə)n/

/hɪˈpɑtrəˌdʒaɪn/

/hɪˈpɑtrəˌɡaɪn/

[after scientific Latin Hippotraginae, subfamily name (1876 or earlier)] (a) adj. of or relating to a large African antelope of the subfamily Hippotraginae; designating such an antelope; (b) n. an antelope of this type.Cf. orygine adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > antelope > [adjective] > belonging to the Hippotraginae

orygine1827

hippotragine1889

1889 H. A. Nicholson & R. Lydekker Man. Palæontol. (ed. 3) II. lxi. 1348 The Hippotragine section may be taken to include the existing African genera Oryx, Addax, and Hippotragus.

1902–3 Animal Life & World of Nature 1 168 The long, splendidly-curved, backward-directed and almost hippotragine horns of Mrs. Gray's Waterbuck.

1902–3 Animal Life & World of Nature 1 169 The Oryxes and the Hippotragines are the handsomest and most notable development of antelope.

1969 S. Afr. Archaeol. Bull. 24 98/2 A hippotragine tentatively identified as the Blue Antelope (Hippotragus leucophaeus).

2014 S. Afr. Archaeol. Bull. 69 114/1 (caption) The wooden carvings represent hippotragine (roan) antelope.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hippo-
释义	hippo-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Forms: before a vowel hipp-. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin hippo-, Greek ἱππο-. Etymology: < classical Latin hippo- (in e.g. hippocentaurus hippocentaur n.) and its etymon ancient Greek ἱππο-, combining form (in e.g. ἱππόδρομος hippodrome n.) of ἵππος horse (Mycenaean Greek i-qo ) < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit aśva , classical Latin equus (compare equine adj.), Gaulish epos (as a personal name), epo- (frequently in names), Early Irish ech , Old Breton eb , Old English eoh , Old Saxon ehu , Gothic aihva- (only in the compound aihvatundi bramble, prickly bush), all in sense ‘horse’, Old Icelandic jór stallion, Old Prussian aswinan (with a suffix) mare's milk, Lithuanian †ešva , †ašva mare; compare -o- connective.Compare French hippo- (formations in which are attested from the early 19th cent.), German Hippo- (formations in which are attested from at least the late 19th cent.). Attested earliest in the late 14th cent. in the French and Latin loan hippopotamus n., and subsequently in a number of borrowings from Latin, Greek, and occasionally French. Formations within English are found sporadically from the early 17th cent., becoming more numerous in the 19th cent. Forming nouns and adjectives with the sense ‘of, relating to, or obtained from horses; of the nature of a horse, equine’. hippocoprosterol n. Brit. /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)kə(ʊ)ˈprɒstərɒl/ , U.S. /ˌhɪpoʊkəˈprɔstəˌrɔl/ , /ˌhɪpoʊkəˈprɔstəˌrɑl/ , /ˌhɪpoʊkəˈprɔstəˌroʊl/ [after German Hippokoprosterin (S. Bondzyński & V. Humnicki 1896, in Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 22 409), with suffix substitution (compare -ol suffix and -sterol suffix) in English] Chemistry (now rare or disused) a compound obtained from horse faeces, shown to be an undigested phytosterol constituent of grass. ΚΠ 1897 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 72 i. 183 Hippocoprosterol, C₂₇H₅₄O or C₂₇H₅₆O, is obtained from the faeces of the horse. 1915 A. P. Mathews Physiol. Chem. x. 435 In the feces of horses, cows, sheep and rabbits there is a hippocoprosterol, or hippostercorin, C₂₇H₅₄O, which is the phytosterol of grass, which has passed through the intestine unchanged. 1947 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 865 It was shown that hippocoprosterol and similar so-called sterols found in the fæces of herbivora were one and the same substance and a constituent of the grass on which the animals fed. † hippogony n. Obsolete rare the origin, birth, or conception of a horse. ΚΠ 1838 R. Southey Doctor V. 88 There was nothing supernatural in Nobs. His hippogony..would upon his theory have been in the course of nature, though not in her usual course. † hippomelanin n. [after German Hippomelanin (J. Berdez & M. Nencki 1885, in Archiv für experimentelle Pathologie & Pharmacologie 20 353)] Chemistry Obsolete a pigment obtained from a melanotic tumour of a horse. ΚΠ 1906 L. A. Merillat Princ. Vet. Surg. II. xiv. 527 Melano-sarcoma of the horse contains a pigment called hippomelanin, which contains no iron and has the following composition. 1915 J. A. Mandel tr. O. Hammarsten & S. G. Hedin Text-bk. Physiol. Chem. (ed. 7) xv. 843 Hippomelanin, according to v. Fürth and Jerusalem, gives a fecal odor on this treatment. † hipponomy n. [compare ancient Greek ἱππονόμος keeping horses] Obsolete rare (a treatise containing) a method or system for the care or management of horses. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [noun] horsemanship1566 hipponomy1618 hipparchy1631 horse-keeping1777 peonage1844 horse-mastership1904 stablecraft1931 1618 M. Baret (title) An hipponomie or the vineyard of horsemanship. † hipponosological adj. Obsolete rare of or relating to hipponosology.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [adjective] > animal disease spec. hippopathological1848 hipponosological1856 1856 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 438/2 Hipponosologicus,..of or belonging to hipponosology..: hipponosological. hipponosology n. Brit. /ˌhɪpənɒˈsɒlədʒi/ , /ˌhɪpənə(ʊ)ˈsɒlədʒi/ , U.S. /ˌhɪpoʊˌnoʊˈsɑlədʒi/ , /ˌhɪpoʊˌnoʊˈzɑlədʒi/ , /ˌhɪpəˌnoʊˈsɑlədʒi/ , /ˌhɪpəˌnoʊˈzɑlədʒi/ [after scientific Latin hipponosologia (1826 or earlier)] rare the study of or knowledge of the diseases of horses. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [noun] > animal disease > specific hippopathology1834 hipponosology1856 1856 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 438/2 Hipponosologia,..hipponosology. 1983 Moosehead Rev. No. 8. 24 I was quite secure in my hippopathology (or, as it should be more accurately termed, hipponosology) and could not be budged. hippopathological adj. Brit. /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˌpaθəˈlɒdʒᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌhɪpoʊˌpæθəˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/ , /ˌhɪpəˌpæθəˈlɑdʒək(ə)l/ [compare scientific Latin hippopathologicus (1826 or earlier)] now rare of or relating to hippopathology. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [adjective] > animal disease spec. hippopathological1848 hipponosological1856 1848 J. M. Wilson Rural Cycl. II. 656/2 In spite of the enormous bulk and the vast variety of our hippopathological literature,..the science continues to be incredibly little known by the great body of the horse-owning community. 1879 T. S. Cobbold Parasites 368 The hippopathological aspects of parasitism. 1995 D. L. Stoudt in M. R. Schleissner Manuscript Sources Medieval Med. 168 These included hippopathological works, folkloric cures and incantations, and works devoted to astrological medicine and alchemy. hippopathology n. Brit. /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)pəˈθɒlədʒi/ , U.S. /ˌhɪpoʊpəˈθɑlədʒi/ [compare French hippopathologie, scientific Latin hippopathologia (both 1803 or earlier)] now rare the study of or knowledge of pathological conditions of the horse; †(the title of) a treatise on this (obsolete); †the branch of veterinary science dealing with this (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > study of disease > [noun] > animal disease > specific hippopathology1834 hipponosology1856 1834 W. Percivall (title) Hippopathology: a Systematic Treatise on the Disorders and Lameness of the Horse. 1862 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 17 May 459/2 M. Renault, Professor of Hippopathology, furnished some interesting facts in support of fresh air for animals. 1889 N. Wales Chron. 9 Feb. 2/6 The Paris ‘lady-Vet.’ is undoubtedly the first of her sex who has ever qualified herself by a course of hippo-pathology for the useful task of prescribing remedies for the cure of the diseases of animals. 1983 Moosehead Rev. No. 8. 24 I was quite secure in my hippopathology (or, as it should be more accurately termed, hipponosology) and could not be budged. † hipposteology n. [after post-classical Latin hipposteologia (1756 in a work title, or earlier)] Obsolete rare the scientific study of the bones of the horse; osteology of the horse.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1839 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 2) 309/2 Hipposteology, Hipposteologia,... Osteology of the horse. [Also in later dictionaries.] hippotigrine adj. Brit. /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˈtʌɪɡrʌɪn/ , U.S. /ˌhɪpoʊˈtaɪɡrən/ , /ˌhɪpoʊˈtaɪˌɡraɪn/ [compare scientific Latin hippotigris, former specific name (1841), Hellenistic Greek ἱππότιγρις large kind of tiger] designating an equine (genus Equus) that has striped markings, esp. a zebra; of or relating to such an equine. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > [adjective] > of or relating to striped equines hippotigrine1841 1841 C. H. Smith Nat. Hist. Horses (Naturalist's Libr.: Mammalia XII) 342 Not only these hippotigrine marks remained, but the manes also were coarse and standing. 1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 259/1 Of wild horses the asinine group is characteristic of Asia, and the hippotigrine of Africa. 1947 J. Stevenson-Hamilton Wild Life S. Afr. vi. 51 The Cape mountain zebra (Equus zebra) is the smallest of the group of hippotigrine equines, standing some 4 feet at the shoulder. 1994 Contrib. in Sci. (Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles County) No. 440. 84/2 The possibility of a second migratory wave of equids at about 1.9 Ma, this time involving the subgenus Equus, that may have resulted in the establishment of the hippotigrine quagga, plains, and mountain zebras in sub-Saharan Africa. hippotragine adj. and n. Brit. /hɪˈpɒtrədʒɪn/ , /hɪˈpɒtrədʒʌɪn/ , U.S. /hɪˈpɑtrədʒ(ə)n/ , /hɪˈpɑtrəɡ(ə)n/ , /hɪˈpɑtrəˌdʒaɪn/ , /hɪˈpɑtrəˌɡaɪn/ [after scientific Latin Hippotraginae, subfamily name (1876 or earlier)] (a) adj. of or relating to a large African antelope of the subfamily Hippotraginae; designating such an antelope; (b) n. an antelope of this type.Cf. orygine adj. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > antelope > [adjective] > belonging to the Hippotraginae orygine1827 hippotragine1889 1889 H. A. Nicholson & R. Lydekker Man. Palæontol. (ed. 3) II. lxi. 1348 The Hippotragine section may be taken to include the existing African genera Oryx, Addax, and Hippotragus. 1902–3 Animal Life & World of Nature 1 168 The long, splendidly-curved, backward-directed and almost hippotragine horns of Mrs. Gray's Waterbuck. 1902–3 Animal Life & World of Nature 1 169 The Oryxes and the Hippotragines are the handsomest and most notable development of antelope. 1969 S. Afr. Archaeol. Bull. 24 98/2 A hippotragine tentatively identified as the Blue Antelope (Hippotragus leucophaeus). 2014 S. Afr. Archaeol. Bull. 69 114/1 (caption) The wooden carvings represent hippotragine (roan) antelope. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1618
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