Hock-dayn.

Forms: Also (Middle English hocedei), Middle English hokedey, Middle English (1600s–1800s Historical) hoke-, hocke-, Middle English hokke-, Middle English–1500s hoc-, Middle English hok-, -dai, -day.

Etymology: Few words have received so much etymological and historical investigation as Hock-day , Hocktide , Hock Tuesday , Hock Monday . But the origin has not yet been ascertained. Early evidence shows that the first element was originally disyllabic, hoke- ; but whether the o was long or short is not determined; it was evidently short when subsequently spelt hocke- , hokke- . Hock-day , which is the earliest of the group (Hock Tuesday see Hock Tuesday n. appearing next), has not been found before the 12th cent.; no trace of it appears in Old English or any Germanic language. Skinner's conjecture that Hock-tide might be the Middle Dutch hogetide, hoochtide, ‘high time, festival, wedding’, is out of the question, and Lambarde's explanation of hock as for Old English hocor, ‘mockery, scorn, derision’ (repeated by Speed, Blount, Phillips, Bailey, etc.), is on many grounds untenable. (H. Grotefend, Handb. Hist. Chronol. (1872) 87/2, cites from a Vienna document, ‘der prieff ist geben dez mentags nach dem Goychkentag am newnten tag nach Ostern 1377’, where Goychkentag coincides in date with Hock-day; but it is difficult to see any connection between the names.)

Now historical.

The second Tuesday after Easter Sunday; Hock Tuesday: in former times an important term-day, on which rents were paid, and the like, Hock-day and Michaelmas dividing the rural year into its summer and winter halves. It was also, from the 14th cent., and probably earlier, a popular festival, signalized by the collection of money for parish purposes by roughly humorous methods: see Hocktide n., hock money n. The plural, Hock days, includes also the preceding day, Hock Monday, which was similarly celebrated.The date is sometimes given as the second Monday and Tuesday after Easter week; this appears to originate in different ways of reckoning the quindena Paschæ as the fortnight following Easter, or the two weeks before and after Easter. (Statements going back to the 15th or 16th cent. assert that Hock-day commemorated either the massacre of the Danes on 13 November 1002, or the death of Hardicnut on 8 June, 1042. From the dates of these events it is difficult to understand how either was associated with Hock-tide.)

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society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > 40 days up to Ascension > [noun] > first week in > week following > Tuesday in

Hock-dayc1175

Hock Tuesdayc1250

Binding-Tuesday1664

c1175 Caen Cartulary (MS. Paris, Bibl. Nat., Lat. 5650) lf. 54 b (Du C.) Omnes bubulci..a hocedei usque ad Augustum habebunt de bidentibus lac mane diebus Dominicis.

1219 Feet of Fines Michaelm. 3 Hen. III, File iii. No. 30 Quod ipsi homines veniant..bis in anno..semel ad Hokedey et iterum ad festum Sancti Martini.

a1252 in C. J. Elton Rentalia Glaston. (1891) (Som. Rec. Soc.) 10 A die lune prox. post hocke~dai.

a1259 M. Paris Chron. Majora anno 1255 (Rolls V. 493) De magno parlamento quod fuit in quindena Paschæ. Circa idem tempus scilicet in quindena Paschæ, quæ vulgariter Hokedai appellatur.

a1259 M. Paris Chron. Majora anno 1258 (Rolls V. 676) Et post diem Martis, quæ vulgariter Hokedai appellatur, factum est Parlamentum Londini.

c1260 Deed Granting Messuage in Glastonbury (MS in possession of Rev. W. E. Daniel) Octo denarios ad duos anni terminos, videlicet ad la Hokedaye quatuor denarios, et ad festum sci. Michaelis quatuor denarios.

c1330 Annal. Lond. an. 1269 in Chron. Edw. I & II (Rolls) I. 80 Die Martis, qui vocatur Hokkeday.

1369 in T. Madox Formulare Anglicanum (1702) 225 Die Martis proximo post quindenam Paschæ qui vocatur Hokeday.

1406 Proclam. in Letterbk. I. Guild Hall Lond., lf. xlix b [cf. Riley Mem. London 562] Ista proclamatio facta fuit die Veneris proximo ante quindenam Pasche..Qe null persone di ceste Citee..teygne, ou constreyne ascun persone..deinz meason ou de hors pur hokkyng lundy ne marsdy proscheins appelles Hokkedayes.

1450 Bp. J. Carpenter Let. 6 Apr. in J. Leland De Rebus Brit. Collectanea (1715) App. i. 299 Sic monemus, ut ab hujusmodi ligationibus & ludis inhonestis diebus hactenus usitatis, vocatis communiter Hoc-dayes, ut prædicitur, cessent.

1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 385 At the lawday holdyn at hokday.

1512 in E. Hobhouse Churchwardens' Accts. (1890) 132 [Recd.] of I. Bek for his taverne of Ale at Hocday xxxvj^s. viij^d.

1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 202 I once thought they might anciently, as well as now, observe two Hock~days, one for the women and another for the men..It is most certain that now we observe two of them here, on Monday for the women, which is much the more solemn, and Tuesday for the men, which is very inconsiderable.

1777 J. Brand Observ. Pop. Antiq. (1849) I. 185 Hoke Day was..an annual festival, said to have been instituted in memory of the almost total destruction of the Danes in England by Ethelred in 1002.

1890 G. W. Kitchin Winchester (1893) 166 There were usually two assemblies of the commonalty in each year, one on Hockaday (the Tuesday week after Easter), the other at Michaelmas.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

单词	hock-day
释义	Hock-dayn. Forms: Also (Middle English hocedei), Middle English hokedey, Middle English (1600s–1800s Historical) hoke-, hocke-, Middle English hokke-, Middle English–1500s hoc-, Middle English hok-, -dai, -day. Etymology: Few words have received so much etymological and historical investigation as Hock-day , Hocktide , Hock Tuesday , Hock Monday . But the origin has not yet been ascertained. Early evidence shows that the first element was originally disyllabic, hoke- ; but whether the o was long or short is not determined; it was evidently short when subsequently spelt hocke- , hokke- . Hock-day , which is the earliest of the group (Hock Tuesday see Hock Tuesday n. appearing next), has not been found before the 12th cent.; no trace of it appears in Old English or any Germanic language. Skinner's conjecture that Hock-tide might be the Middle Dutch hogetide, hoochtide, ‘high time, festival, wedding’, is out of the question, and Lambarde's explanation of hock as for Old English hocor, ‘mockery, scorn, derision’ (repeated by Speed, Blount, Phillips, Bailey, etc.), is on many grounds untenable. (H. Grotefend, Handb. Hist. Chronol. (1872) 87/2, cites from a Vienna document, ‘der prieff ist geben dez mentags nach dem Goychkentag am newnten tag nach Ostern 1377’, where Goychkentag coincides in date with Hock-day; but it is difficult to see any connection between the names.) Now historical. The second Tuesday after Easter Sunday; Hock Tuesday: in former times an important term-day, on which rents were paid, and the like, Hock-day and Michaelmas dividing the rural year into its summer and winter halves. It was also, from the 14th cent., and probably earlier, a popular festival, signalized by the collection of money for parish purposes by roughly humorous methods: see Hocktide n., hock money n. The plural, Hock days, includes also the preceding day, Hock Monday, which was similarly celebrated.The date is sometimes given as the second Monday and Tuesday after Easter week; this appears to originate in different ways of reckoning the quindena Paschæ as the fortnight following Easter, or the two weeks before and after Easter. (Statements going back to the 15th or 16th cent. assert that Hock-day commemorated either the massacre of the Danes on 13 November 1002, or the death of Hardicnut on 8 June, 1042. From the dates of these events it is difficult to understand how either was associated with Hock-tide.) ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > 40 days up to Ascension > [noun] > first week in > week following > Tuesday in Hock-dayc1175 Hock Tuesdayc1250 Binding-Tuesday1664 c1175 Caen Cartulary (MS. Paris, Bibl. Nat., Lat. 5650) lf. 54 b (Du C.) Omnes bubulci..a hocedei usque ad Augustum habebunt de bidentibus lac mane diebus Dominicis. 1219 Feet of Fines Michaelm. 3 Hen. III, File iii. No. 30 Quod ipsi homines veniant..bis in anno..semel ad Hokedey et iterum ad festum Sancti Martini. a1252 in C. J. Elton Rentalia Glaston. (1891) (Som. Rec. Soc.) 10 A die lune prox. post hocke~dai. a1259 M. Paris Chron. Majora anno 1255 (Rolls V. 493) De magno parlamento quod fuit in quindena Paschæ. Circa idem tempus scilicet in quindena Paschæ, quæ vulgariter Hokedai appellatur. a1259 M. Paris Chron. Majora anno 1258 (Rolls V. 676) Et post diem Martis, quæ vulgariter Hokedai appellatur, factum est Parlamentum Londini. c1260 Deed Granting Messuage in Glastonbury (MS in possession of Rev. W. E. Daniel) Octo denarios ad duos anni terminos, videlicet ad la Hokedaye quatuor denarios, et ad festum sci. Michaelis quatuor denarios. c1330 Annal. Lond. an. 1269 in Chron. Edw. I & II (Rolls) I. 80 Die Martis, qui vocatur Hokkeday. 1369 in T. Madox Formulare Anglicanum (1702) 225 Die Martis proximo post quindenam Paschæ qui vocatur Hokeday. 1406 Proclam. in Letterbk. I. Guild Hall Lond., lf. xlix b [cf. Riley Mem. London 562] Ista proclamatio facta fuit die Veneris proximo ante quindenam Pasche..Qe null persone di ceste Citee..teygne, ou constreyne ascun persone..deinz meason ou de hors pur hokkyng lundy ne marsdy proscheins appelles Hokkedayes. 1450 Bp. J. Carpenter Let. 6 Apr. in J. Leland De Rebus Brit. Collectanea (1715) App. i. 299 Sic monemus, ut ab hujusmodi ligationibus & ludis inhonestis diebus hactenus usitatis, vocatis communiter Hoc-dayes, ut prædicitur, cessent. 1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 385 At the lawday holdyn at hokday. 1512 in E. Hobhouse Churchwardens' Accts. (1890) 132 [Recd.] of I. Bek for his taverne of Ale at Hocday xxxvj^s. viij^d. 1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire 202 I once thought they might anciently, as well as now, observe two Hock~days, one for the women and another for the men..It is most certain that now we observe two of them here, on Monday for the women, which is much the more solemn, and Tuesday for the men, which is very inconsiderable. 1777 J. Brand Observ. Pop. Antiq. (1849) I. 185 Hoke Day was..an annual festival, said to have been instituted in memory of the almost total destruction of the Danes in England by Ethelred in 1002. 1890 G. W. Kitchin Winchester (1893) 166 There were usually two assemblies of the commonalty in each year, one on Hockaday (the Tuesday week after Easter), the other at Michaelmas. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.c1175
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