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单词 hoise
释义

hoisev.

/hɔɪz/
Forms: Past tense and participle hoised, hoist. Forms: α. Middle English hysse, 1500s hyce, hyse. β. Middle English– hoise (1500s hoighce, howes, howyse, 1500s–1600s hoyse, hoisse, 1600s hoiss).
Etymology: In 15–16th cent. hysse , hyce , which corresponds with Icelandic hisa , Norwegian, Swedish hissa , Danish hisse , Low German hiesen , hissen (Chyträus 1582, whence German hissen ), Dutch hijschen (het zeyl ophijsen to hoise the sail, Hexham 1678); also French hisser (16th cent. hinser , inser , 1611 Cotgrave yser ), Italian issare (Diez), Spanish izar (1599 Minsheu hiçar ), Portuguese içar . It is not yet known in which language this nautical word arose; the English examples are earlier than any cited elsewhere. The β. forms hoighce , hoisse , hoise , appear to arise from a broad pronunciation of hyce , hysse , hyse (the modern representation of which appears to be the northern heeze v.); they are earlier than the interchange of oi, ī, in oil, īle, boil, bīle, etc. Otherwise, Engl. oi, oy, is usually of foreign origin, French or Dutch: compare rejoice, boil, toy, etc. It is to be noticed that the word appears early as an interjection, being the actual cry of sailors in hauling: English hissa (c1450), Scots heisau ( Compl. of Scot. 1549), Spanish hiza (Minsheu 1599), now iza, Portuguese iça, French inse! inse! (Rabelais c1530). These Romanic forms have the appearance of the imperative of the verb hizar, içar, inser; but whether this is historically so, or whether the verb was subsequently formed from the cry, is not clear.
Obsolete exc. dialect.
1. transitive. To raise aloft by means of a rope or pulley and tackle, or by other mechanical appliance.
a. Originally Nautical, and chiefly to hoise sail; often with up.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > support (an amount of) sail [verb (intransitive)] > spread (more) sail > raise sail or yards
to hoise sail1490
sway1836
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > carry specific amount of sail [verb (transitive)] > set or spread (sails) > raise (sail or yard)
windc1275
to hoise sail1490
to seize upc1540
hoisen1553
tauntc1579
ride1880
up1890
α.
c1450 Pilgr. Sea Voy. 13 in Stac. Rome etc. 37 With ‘howe! hissa!’ then they [shipmen] cry, ‘What howe, mate! thow stondyst to ny, Thy felow may nat hale [= haul] the by’. Cf. also in quot. c1550 [see at heeze v.]. ]
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxxi. 117 They made the saylles to be hyssed vppe.
1509 H. Watson tr. S. Brant Shyppe of Fooles (de Worde) i. sig. A*.ii I tourne and hyse the cordes of the shyp.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 585/1 I hyse up the sayle, as shypmen do, je haulce.
1547 W. Salesbury Dict. Eng. & Welshe Kodi ancor i vyny, hyce up an ancre.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 32 The marynalis began to heis vp the sail, cryand, heisau, heisau.
β. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1555) 53 Hoyse up thy sayle.1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1555) 191 Then their anker they weyed in haste, And hoyst their sayle.?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. C.jv Some to howes the tope sayle dyde entre.?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. C.j Some howysed the mayne sayle.a1537 Batayle Egyngecourte (printed by J. Skot) A ij b They hoysed their sayles sadly a lofte A goodly syght it was to se.1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. F4v Eurilochus..willed his men perforce to hoyse him a shipboord.1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 207 We..hoissed sailes for Sidon.a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 148 They prepared A rotten carkasse of a Butt..There they hoyst vs To cry to th' Sea. View more context for this quotation1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. i. 624 Then launch, and hoise the Mast.1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Odyssey in Iliad & Odyssey II. xv. 353 They..straining at the halyards, hoised the sail.absolute.1685 in Roxburghe Ballads (1885) V. 544 We hoised and hast'ned up into the Straits.
b. to hoise out (forth): to launch, lower (a boat). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > launching a vessel > launch or set afloat [verb (transitive)] > put out a (boat or ship) > lower a (boat)
to hoise out (forth)1585
to hoist out1719
lower1821
1585 W. Harborne Let. 30 Mar. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 179 To hoise out their skiffe.
1628 World Encompassed by Sir F. Drake 18 A boat being therefore hoised forth.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xvii. 474 We hoysed out our Boat, and took up some of them.
c. In other than nautical use.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > lifting or hoisting equipment
to wind upc1275
windc1440
sling1522
crane1570
hoise1573
pulley1581
tackle1711
lewis1837
teagle1841
to jack up1853
windlass1870
whorl1886
luff1913
1573 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalipse (rev. ed.) xlvii. f. 148v Hoysing them horribly vp to a gibet.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iv. xvi. 370 Hoising them up and down by the armes with a cord.
1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. iii. 48 There stands a Flag-staff, purposely for the hoysing up the English Colours.
1709 J. Swift Baucis & Philemon 5 The Kettle to the Top was hoist, And there stood fastned to a Joist.
2.
a. To raise aloft, lift up: usually with the notion of exertion; cf. heeze v.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > hoist
heave971
lifta1300
to set upa1300
lift1362
raisec1384
weigh1421
horsea1500
hawsec1500
heeze1513
hoise1548
hoist1548
wind1577
to work upc1610
hist1707
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiv. 175 Beyng hoighced vp vpon the crosse.
1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome i. f. 5v From the bottom deepe, He hoyseth up the weeping soules, in blessed ioyes to sleepe.
1645 J. Milton Colasterion 24 The shame of all honest Atturneys, why doe they not hoiss him over the barre, and blanket him?
1690 W. Walker Idiomatologia Anglo-Lat. 36 Hoise this fellow on thy back, and carry him in.
a1763 W. Shenstone Colemira 59 When with nice airs she hoist the pancake round.
1830 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xlviii, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 674 Gin I could get a cleik o' the bane..I might hoise it gently up..and then pu' it out o' his mouth.
1842 S. Lover Handy Andy xv. 142 ‘Remember,..you won't tell we hoised you.’
b. hoist with his own petard (Shakespeare): Blown into the air by his own bomb; hence, injured or destroyed by his own device for the ruin of others.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > make a return [verb (intransitive)] > come back on one (of one's own action)
to be threshed with your own flail1490
hoist with his own petard1604
to come home to roost1810
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iv. 185 + 6 Tis the sport to haue the enginer Hoist with his owne petar.
1826 W. Scott Woodstock III. ix. 268 ‘'Tis sport to have the engineer Hoist with his own petard’, as our immortal Shakspeare has it.
1858 T. De Quincey Protestantism (rev. ed.) in Select. Grave & Gay VIII. 138 To see the cruel bibliolater, in Hamlet's words, ‘hoist by his own petard’.
1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt I. ii. 59 They shall be hoist with their own petard.
1882 Nature 15 June 146/2 The criticism of practical men..was disarmed; these found themselves hoist with their own petard.
3. To raise in position, degree, or quality; to exalt, elevate; to raise in amount or price. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > high position > set in a high position [verb (transitive)]
to set upc1290
mountc1300
erect1552
hoise1581
perch1648
pinnacle1656
spike1743
imperch1786
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > increase (prices) > raise the price of
advance?a1400
dearthc1440
to set up?1529
mount1532
price1533
hoise1581
endear1603
raisea1626
to mark up1868
to price up1904
lift1907
1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints iii. f. 44v This racking and hoyssinge vp of rentes.
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 2 Shee pouts, that Ganymed by Ioue too skitop is hoysed.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 488 To bee hoysed up with such a spirit of freedom.
1679 J. Crowne Ambitious Statesman v. 80 I've torn my Bowels out To hoyse my self into this Tyrants Favour.
a1732 T. Boston Memoirs (1776) vii. 100 I was somewhat hoised up above it.
4. To lift and move; to remove. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away > take up and remove
aweighOE
to cart off or awayc1440
exportc1485
hoistc1550
deportate1599
hoisea1616
deporta1641
liftc1650
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. i. 167 Wee'l quickly hoyse Duke Humfrey from his seat. View more context for this quotation
1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. iii. App. 102 The Brushes of the Winds would injuriously hoise them to and fro.
c1750 Rob Roy ii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1890) IV. vii. ccxxv. 248/1 He hoised her out among his crew, And rowd her in his plaidie.
5. intransitive (for passive). To be raised, to rise. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > raise [verb (intransitive)] > be raised
hoise1565
to go up1607
weigh1655
1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis ii. f. 3v The wayne for want of weight..Dyd hoyse aloft and skayle and reele, as thoughe it empty were.
1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome i. f. 2 And with a worde, he hoyseth up, unto the starry raigne.

Derivatives

hoised adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [adjective] > hoisting > hoisted
uphoist?1567
hoised1576
hoisted?1611
1576 S. Gosson Speculum Humanum in H. Kerton tr. Pope Innocent III Mirror Mans Lyfe (new ed.) sig. Kvijv The prime of youth, whose greene vnmellowde yeares With hoysed head doth checke the loftie skies.
hoising n. and adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [adjective] > hoisting
hoising1568
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [noun] > (an) increase in price
enhancing1490
hoising1568
enhancement1577
advance1642
rise1645
inflammation1821
exaltation1866
raise1883
surpreciation1884
bulge1890
up1897
hike1931
uplift1949
1568 T. Howell Newe Sonets (1879) 119 With hoysing waues and windes so hardly tost.
1613 T. Adams White Deuil 60 For the hoording of corne, and hoising of markets.
1632 R. Sherwood Dict. in R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues (new ed.) A hoising instrument (to lift vp stones).
ˈhoiser n. one who or that which hoises.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [noun] > hoisting > one who or that which
hoiser1611
hoister1862
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Leveur, a rayser..hoyser, or heauer vp of.
hoise n. a lift, hoist n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > [noun] > hoisting
weighing1485
heeze1513
hoisting1641
hoist1654
heezy1719
hoise1787
1787 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 217 They'll gie her on a rape a hoyse.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
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