honestyn.

Brit.

/ˈɒnᵻsti/, U.S.

/ˈɑnəsti/

Forms: Middle English oneste, Middle English honesti, Middle English onesty (in a late copy), Middle English–1500s honeste, Middle English–1500s honestee, Middle English–1600s honestie, 1500s honestye, Middle English– honesty; Scottish pre-1700 honeste, pre-1700 honestee, pre-1700 honestie, pre-1700 1700s– honesty.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French honesté.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman honestee, onesté, onestee, Anglo-Norman and Middle French honesté, Middle French honnesté virtue, honour, integrity (9th cent. in Old French), decency, decorum, propriety, respectability (13th cent.) < classical Latin honestāt- , honestās honourableness, honour, moral rectitude, integrity, decency, in post-classical Latin also high rank (4th cent.) < honestus honest adj. + -tās -ty suffix¹. The sense development in English has been closely related to that of honest adj.Compare Old Occitan onestat , Catalan †honestat (13th cent.), Spanish †honestad (13th cent.), Italian onestà (13th cent.). Compare also honestete n. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry. In sense 7a apparently so called on account of the transparency of the seed pods.

I. The quality of being honest.

†1.

a. Honour gained by action or conduct; credit; a person's reputation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun]

nameOE

wordOE

honestya1382

rumoura1387

recommendation1433

wealc1500

wellc1500

credit1529

repute1598

renowna1616

recommends1623

commendation1631

character1649

merit1752

stock1930

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Wisd. vii. 11 Vnnoumbrable honeste [L. innumerabilis honestas] [is] by the hondis of it [sc. wisdom].

1424 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 39 (MED) Seeth that yowre..son Rychard duly ensele þe same endenture, for yowre son Jonys honestie hanketh theron.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1195 Hit were nat the Popis worshyp nother my poure honeste to know you distressed.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. MMMv^v He hath sclaundred me before many, and so I haue loste myne honestye.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 58/1 Doctour Shaa by his sermon lost his honestie, & sone after his life.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. f. xiiii^v Defence of their owne poore honesties.

1605 W. Camden Remaines 226 Thou wilt never have honestie in cutting off my head, my necke is so short.

b. Honour conferred on or shown to someone or something; reverence, respect. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [noun] > manifestation of respect

worthingeOE

worthminteOE

worshipOE

homagec1300

honorancec1300

honourc1300

honestyc1384

honoration1493

honorificencea1500

eminencea1616

eminency1647

rising1711

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. xii. 23 Tho membris that ben vnhonest, han more honeste [L. honestatem].

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 151 He sent his sister Jone with mykelle honeste.

a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) l. 1027 Who that is not to hem [sc. his or her parents] debonayr..Hem to obeye in honeste and drede..he shall..be infortunat In alle his werk.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xx. sig. kvii Refuse nat to doe me that honestie with your presence.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 45^v Þe lel gentils Þat venus the worthy worshippit for god And most honouret of other with oneste þerre.

a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iv. iii. sig. F.iiij More shame and harme..Then all thy life days thou canst do me honestie.

1613 J. Dunster in C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David (1872) III. Ps. lxxiv. 2 There is an honesty which belongeth to the dead body of a man.

c. Honourable position or status; high rank, nobility; respectability. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun]

worshipeOE

worthOE

dignity?c1225

worthsc1225

mund?c1250

pricea1325

worthfulheada1325

valourc1330

dignesse1399

value?a1400

honesty1418

worthiheadc1425

honourabilityc1426

worthihood?1457

sadnessa1513

honourableness1553

respect1567

worshipfulty1589

ingenuity1598

creditableness1647

honorificabilitudinity1656

worshipfulness1663

reputability1792

creditability1805

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > [noun] > elevated rank

pridea1300

honourc1300

primatea1402

honesty1418

grandeur1600

eminencea1616

magnitude1620

eminency1629

1418 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 34 Ȝif Ionet my wif kepe here soole..Twelf-monthe after my decese, than she ffounde be of my goddes durynge þat ȝere in alle here costes, after þe same honeste and degre as she is founde þe day of makynge of this testament.

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 10^v (MED) Honeste forsoþe makiþ a kniȝt couenable, bot schame þat for bediþ hym fliȝt in bataile makiþ him a victor.

1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Av ^v The straungers of honeste whiche..resorteth for to vysyte the souerayne must be consydered.

1520 Chron. Eng. iii. f. 19/2 He [sc. Daniel]..was made a man of greate honeste.

d. concrete. With the: honourable or respectable people collectively. Also as a form of address to an honourable or respectable man (cf. honest adj. 2b). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun] > respectability > person > collectively

honesty1563

respectability1808

1563 Abp. M. Parker Articles §21 That vseth..delay to make any accompte in the presence of the honestye in the parish.

1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle iv. ii. sig. Dii If such a toy be vsed oft among the honestie It may [not] be seme a simple man, if your and my degree.

1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. G4 What's thy name honesty?

†2. The quality of being seemly or appropriate; conformity to accepted or suitable standards of behaviour; decency, decorum; propriety. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [noun] > seemly behaviour or propriety

seemlihead?a1366

honestya1398

comeliness1440

seemlihoodc1440

seemlityc1440

semblessea1500

seemliness1548

decentness1561

decorum?1571

handsomeness1595

civility1612

decency1682

exactness1683

elegance1686

propriety1753

thing1791

bienseancea1797

convenances1831

decorousness1834

the becoming1842

correctnessa1859

good (also bad) form1868

properness1873

correctitude1893

the done thing1917

the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > pleasing fitness > [noun] > seemliness or propriety

seemlihead?a1366

honestya1398

comeliness1440

seemlityc1440

semblessea1500

elegance1540

seemliness1548

decency1584

handsomeness1595

civility1612

pickle1706

bienseancea1797

formality1834

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xv. 915 Whanne þey [sc. women] moste nedes lyue chaste for comyn honestee [L. honestatem].

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 144 The ordynance..ne the honestee ne the clennesse is not so arrayed þere as it is here.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 548 Hys Eyn with his hand closit he For to dey with mar honeste.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 2 [They] lyvyd lyke wylde bestys in the woodys wythout lawys & rulys of honesty.

1547 Certain Serm. or Homilies sig. Ei How their profession of chastitie was obserued, it is more honestie to passe ouer in silence.

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 36 For honestie sake, and for the friendship which the Republick had with the hous of Austria.

1682 R. Hooke Non-conformists Champion 152 When it is once understood that the Law is made for publick Honesty's sake, the Superstition is now taken away.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 148 Honesty is no Pride. Spoken to them that go too careless in their Dress; intimating, that it is no sign of Pride to go decently.

†3. Generosity, liberality; hospitality. Obsolete (Scottish in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > liberal giving > [noun] > liberality

freedomOE

custinessOE

largesse?c1225

freeshipa1250

franchisec1325

largitya1382

largenessa1387

liberalityc1390

bountya1400

honestya1400

freenessc1400

largec1400

liberalnessc1410

munificencec1425

plentyc1425

bounteousnessc1440

magnificencec1450

bountifulness1489

bountines1512

royalty1548

magnificency?c1550

munificency?c1550

free-heartedness1583

profuseness1584

bountihead1590

lavishness1590

frankness1591

ingenuousness1611

fruitfulnessa1616

generosity1634

open-handednessa1640

large-heartedness1640

communicativeness1653

unsparingness1818

free-handedness1860

big-heartedness1872

ungrudgingness1885

two-handedness1891

outgivingness1968

a1400 Cato's Distichs (Fairf.) l. 152 in R. Morris Cursor Mundi (1878) III. App. iv. 1671 Þat þou has gitin to þe vse hit in honeste. & be noȝt calde niþing.

1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 138 A manne not onlye of greate learning, but also of as great honesty in seekinge to profite all men by his trauaill.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iii. i. 27 A Noble Gentleman 'tis, if he would not keep so good a house..euery man has his fault, and honesty is his.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) It is commonly said by one who has received a favour or gift from another; I'll hide nae man's honesty.

†4.

a. Exemplary or honourable moral behaviour; virtue, rectitude. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > [noun] > moral excellence

goodwilleOE

goodnesseOE

thewnessc1200

goodlaikc1225

goodheadc1275

honestete1340

bountyc1386

goodliheada1393

prowessc1395

honestyc1400

goodliness1405

virtuosityc1443

virtuousnessc1449

virtueheada1456

good naturec1475

integrity1548

honestness1556

graciousness1591

saintship1613

gracefulness1619

saintliness1838

te1895

virtu1906

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. B.15.17) (1975) B. xv. l. 92 Holynesse and honeste [Laud honestete] out of holy chirche [spryngeþ] [MS spredeþ] Thoruȝ lele libbynge men.

a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 1856 I shal be glad him forto see, Mi worship to kepe with honestie.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 228 They, consyderynge the religion & the honeste of þe holy mynchons..grauntyd & yafe..to the fore-seyde holy mynchons the churche of bloxham.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. ii. 26 Encreased in all kynde of honestie, and heauenlye giftes.

1611 B. Jonson Catiline iii. sig. G Let not..wicked friendship force What honesty, and vertue cannot worke.

b. spec. Virtue as regards sexual morality, esp. on the part of a woman; chastity; virginity. Also as a count noun. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > purity > chastity > [noun] > of a woman

honoura1393

honestyc1405

virtue1543

c1405 (c1380) G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 89 For pure chastnesse of virginitee Or for she whitnesse hadde of honestee..The swote sauour lilie was hir name.

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 3156 (MED) Vrsula..Louyd cleennes & maydynly honeste [rhyme beute].

a1475 Revelations St. Birgitta (Garrett) (1929) 57 (MED) The honeste of thy body passe all men or wymmen.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 47 Hit were sittyng for sothe & semly for wemen..ouer all þere onesty attell to saue.

1573 J. Sanford tr. L. Guicciardini Hours Recreat. (1576) 158 A poore manne proude, a woman without honestie.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. iii. ii. 686 It was commonly vsed at Diana's Temple, for women to goe barefoot ouer hot coales, to trie their honesties.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 52 A Venus (like in honestie, though not in beautie).

a. The quality or condition of having or displaying strong moral principles, esp. with regard to lying, cheating, or stealing; fair dealing; truthfulness; integrity. Also: openness, candidness.Formerly also as a count noun.

ΚΠ

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Titus ii. 7 Shew vncorrupcion, honestie, and the wholsome worde which cannot be rebuked.

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 87^v Yet hath he showen himselfe as farre from honestie as he is from age, and as full of crafte as he is of courage.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 126 What other Oath, Then Honesty to Honesty ingag'd, That this shall be, or we will fall for it.

1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 121 The Saylers will as certainly take it, as you trust it to their honesties.

1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. i. 19 Honesty shall be prais'd and starv'd..to be High and Great, is to be Wise and Good.

1772 J. W. Fletcher Third Check Antinomianism 99 Like a true Suisse I love blunt honesty.

1850 T. McCombie Colonist in Austral. xvi. 188 The probity and honesty of his actions.

1870 Echo 10 Jan. An attempt was made by the Benchers to shame them into honesty by ‘screening’ or posting their names in the dining hall.

1890 Woodland (Calif.) Daily Democrat 29 Oct. 3/4 Men tried and true, and noted for their integrity, honesty and financial ability.

1911 Times 5 July 28/2 Tact, good temper, honesty of purpose, and that sportsmanlike sense of fair play which formed the best foundation for dealing with men of all classes.

1954 J. Corbett Temple Tiger i. 36 The fact that the station was in the depth of the jungle, and unguarded, was proof of the honesty of the hillfolk.

1971 B. Sidran Black Talk (1995) iv. 90 He used increased vocalization..to return the emotional honesty to jazz idioms.

2007 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 17 June 10/1 He frequently preaches the virtues of honesty and truthfulness.

b. Proverb. honesty is the best policy and variants.

ΚΠ

1605 E. Sandys Relation State of Relig. sig. K3 Our grosse conceits, who thinke Honestie the best policie.

a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) II. 227 This I take to be plain-dealing, as I take honesty to be the best policy.

1793 Ld. Spencer in Ld. Auckland's Corr. (1862) III. 82 Hutchinson is going to break, and to show the world that honesty is the best policy.

1883 Harper's Mag. July 308/1 A man says sonorously and decisively that honesty is the best policy.

1963 G. Sansom Hist. Japan 1615–1867 x. 127 The leading merchants agreed that honesty was the best policy; but their motive was profit.

2012 Times & Transcript (New Brunswick) (Nexis) 1 Sept. f3 Don't try and cover up your mistakes with excuses, sometimes ‘honesty is the best policy’.

c. in (all) honesty: in truth, to be honest; honestly, fairly. Frequently used parenthetically to strengthen or emphasize a statement.

ΚΠ

1684 T. Otway Atheist iii. 27 I have heard the Man is Gallant; but in honesty, As thou art my friend, I wish thou wouldst hear good Counsel.

1798 R. Southey Joan of Arc. (ed. 2) I. i. 93 Altho' her mother be My sister, yet in honesty I think It is unkindly done to mock the Maid.

1801 D. Webster Let. 3 Oct. in Private Corr. (1857) I. 95 But, in honesty, it is not my opinion that any individual has brilliancy, and at the same time penetration and judgment enough, for a great law character.

1896 National Rev. June 583 The average American, the average American public man, and the average American public newspaper, are in all honesty anti-English.

1924 W. J. Shultz tr. E. Rignano Social Significance Inheritance Tax ii. iii. 85 In all honesty, I cannot picture the paralysing effects which some critics fear the proposed reform would inevitably have.

1986 Los Angeles Times (Electronic ed.) 2 Mar. 1 Rod is of the opinion that he can still contribute to a baseball team—and, in honesty, I would have to agree with Rod.

2011 J. Bowring In all Direct. 317 In all honesty, he found the prospect of sharing a room with Miranda no less attractive than she did.

6. Of a thing: the quality of being genuine, unadulterated, or otherwise sold or made without intention to deceive or mislead. Later also: simple, unpretentious good quality.

ΚΠ

1823 J. Neal Randolph I. 66 This plaster is cunningly managed, by the application of gray paint, to look like stone... Upon my word, I should prefer the sober honesty of Dutch brick.

1842 J. Bischoff Woollen Manuf. (1862) II. 95 The German, or rather the Polish cloth, cannot be depended upon for honesty, in either the breadth or the length of the cloth.

1898 Jewelers' Circular 2 Feb. 9/2 Unfortunately in this country, we have no such marks [sc. hallmarks] to certify the honesty of the goods.

1914 W. Arthur Home Builders' Guide viii. 86 Let the headers appear in all fronts..instead of trying to conceal them to point with pride to the honesty of the wall.

1966 C. Wannier Statist. Physics ii. 30 One might wish to verify the honesty of the dice by working out the average number of eyes in a throw.

2011 New Rev. (Nexis) 31 July 35 I love the River Café, for the honesty of its produce and the elegant unpretentiousness of its cooking.

II. In the names of plants.

a. Any of several European cruciferous plants of the genus Lunaria, having flat, round, translucent seed pods; esp. the annual L. annua and the perennial L. rediviva, both of which typically have purple flowers and are grown in gardens.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > cruciferous flowers > white or purple flowers > honesty

lunaryc1386

shabub1548

bolbanac1578

money flower1578

penny-flower1578

honesty1597

moonwort1597

pricksong wort1597

satin1597

satin flower1597

white satin1597

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 378 We cal this herb in English Pennie flower..in Northfolk Sattin, & white Sattin, & among our women it is called Honestie.

1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole xlii. 265 Of some it is a called Honesty, and Penny-flower.

1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. iv. 103 The seed-vessel shining like sattin..Bulbonach, Honesty, Sattin.

1710 W. Salmon Botanologia II. 1006/2 In English we call it Satin Flower, also Honesty, Money Flower and Penny Flower.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. ii. 33 The second [class] contains those whose seed-vessel is a Silicle..as..Honesty.

1839 R. Buist Amer. Flower Garden Directory 33 Lunaria biennis, Honesty, various colours, not beautiful, but curious in seed.

1868 G. MacDonald Robert Falconer II. 44 Purple-black heartseases, and thin-filmed silver pods of honesty.

1928 Garden & Home Builder Aug. 566/2 The gardener must use lime regularly where Honesty, Wallflowers,..and all the cabbage tribe are planted.

2001 BBC Gardeners' World Feb. 37/1 Honesty..has broad, slightly puckered lower leaves and big, branched stems.

b. Now English regional (southern). Traveller's joy, Clematis vitalba. Also called maiden's honesty (see maiden's honesty n. at maiden n. and adj. Compounds 1c). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > climbing, trailing, or creeping shrubs > [noun] > clematis or traveller's joy

white vine?a1425

clematis1578

lady's bower1597

traveller's joy1597

virgin's bower1597

bethwine1609

honesty1640

love1640

maiden's honesty1691

lady bower1715

virgin-bower1725

old man's beard1731

bindwith1797

Robin Hood's feather1820

silver-bush1886

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 384 The Italians call it Vitalba..and in English of most country people where it groweth Honestie.

a1720 Countess of Winchilsea in Bayle's Gen. Dict. Hist. & Crit. (1741) X. 180/2 The night shade, with a dismal flow'r, Curls o'er it, like a Lady's tower; Or honesty with feather'd down, Like grizled hair deforms it's [sic] crown.

1787 W. Withering Bot. Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 2) II. 568 Great Wild Climber. Virgin's Bower. Honesty. Hedges and shady places, in calcareous soil.

1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases Honesty, the wild clematis is always so called.

Compounds

attributive. Chiefly British. With reference to a system in which a customer is trusted to pay for goods or services when a shop assistant, attendant, etc., is not present to take payment, usually by placing money in a receptacle provided for this purpose. Esp. in honesty box.

ΚΠ

1936 Manch. Guardian 24 Aug. 4/6 ‘Honesty boxes’, into which tram and 'bus passengers can drop the fares which conductors have not had time to collect, have proved a big success in Glasgow.

1953 Times 21 Apr. 9/7 Such ‘honesty boxes’ would tend to detract from the present undivided responsibility of conductors to collect every fare.

1973 Irish Times 5 Apr. 5/3 An hotel..has established an ‘honesty bar’ for its guests... A price list is in the bar and guests help themselves.

1994 J. Wood Cycling in Lake District 38 Graythwaite Hall gardens are open daily from 10 o'clock. Payment is by an honesty box in the car park at the end of the winding driveway.

2011 D. Graney 1001 Austral. Nights 147 I strolled over to the shop with no person in it to buy a bag of nectarines. I left the money in the honesty tin.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	honesty
释义	honestyn. Brit. /ˈɒnᵻsti/, U.S. /ˈɑnəsti/ Forms: Middle English oneste, Middle English honesti, Middle English onesty (in a late copy), Middle English–1500s honeste, Middle English–1500s honestee, Middle English–1600s honestie, 1500s honestye, Middle English– honesty; Scottish pre-1700 honeste, pre-1700 honestee, pre-1700 honestie, pre-1700 1700s– honesty. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French honesté. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman honestee, onesté, onestee, Anglo-Norman and Middle French honesté, Middle French honnesté virtue, honour, integrity (9th cent. in Old French), decency, decorum, propriety, respectability (13th cent.) < classical Latin honestāt- , honestās honourableness, honour, moral rectitude, integrity, decency, in post-classical Latin also high rank (4th cent.) < honestus honest adj. + -tās -ty suffix¹. The sense development in English has been closely related to that of honest adj.Compare Old Occitan onestat , Catalan †honestat (13th cent.), Spanish †honestad (13th cent.), Italian onestà (13th cent.). Compare also honestete n. and the foreign-language forms cited at that entry. In sense 7a apparently so called on account of the transparency of the seed pods. I. The quality of being honest. †1. a. Honour gained by action or conduct; credit; a person's reputation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > [noun] nameOE wordOE honestya1382 rumoura1387 recommendation1433 wealc1500 wellc1500 credit1529 repute1598 renowna1616 recommends1623 commendation1631 character1649 merit1752 stock1930 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Wisd. vii. 11 Vnnoumbrable honeste [L. innumerabilis honestas] [is] by the hondis of it [sc. wisdom]. 1424 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 39 (MED) Seeth that yowre..son Rychard duly ensele þe same endenture, for yowre son Jonys honestie hanketh theron. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1195 Hit were nat the Popis worshyp nother my poure honeste to know you distressed. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. MMMv^v He hath sclaundred me before many, and so I haue loste myne honestye. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 58/1 Doctour Shaa by his sermon lost his honestie, & sone after his life. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Pref. f. xiiii^v Defence of their owne poore honesties. 1605 W. Camden Remaines 226 Thou wilt never have honestie in cutting off my head, my necke is so short. b. Honour conferred on or shown to someone or something; reverence, respect. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > [noun] > manifestation of respect worthingeOE worthminteOE worshipOE homagec1300 honorancec1300 honourc1300 honestyc1384 honoration1493 honorificencea1500 eminencea1616 eminency1647 rising1711 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. xii. 23 Tho membris that ben vnhonest, han more honeste [L. honestatem]. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 151 He sent his sister Jone with mykelle honeste. a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) l. 1027 Who that is not to hem [sc. his or her parents] debonayr..Hem to obeye in honeste and drede..he shall..be infortunat In alle his werk. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xx. sig. kvii Refuse nat to doe me that honestie with your presence. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 45^v Þe lel gentils Þat venus the worthy worshippit for god And most honouret of other with oneste þerre. a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iv. iii. sig. F.iiij More shame and harme..Then all thy life days thou canst do me honestie. 1613 J. Dunster in C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David (1872) III. Ps. lxxiv. 2 There is an honesty which belongeth to the dead body of a man. c. Honourable position or status; high rank, nobility; respectability. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun] worshipeOE worthOE dignity?c1225 worthsc1225 mund?c1250 pricea1325 worthfulheada1325 valourc1330 dignesse1399 value?a1400 honesty1418 worthiheadc1425 honourabilityc1426 worthihood?1457 sadnessa1513 honourableness1553 respect1567 worshipfulty1589 ingenuity1598 creditableness1647 honorificabilitudinity1656 worshipfulness1663 reputability1792 creditability1805 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > [noun] > elevated rank pridea1300 honourc1300 primatea1402 honesty1418 grandeur1600 eminencea1616 magnitude1620 eminency1629 1418 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 34 Ȝif Ionet my wif kepe here soole..Twelf-monthe after my decese, than she ffounde be of my goddes durynge þat ȝere in alle here costes, after þe same honeste and degre as she is founde þe day of makynge of this testament. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 10^v (MED) Honeste forsoþe makiþ a kniȝt couenable, bot schame þat for bediþ hym fliȝt in bataile makiþ him a victor. 1509 J. Fisher Mornynge Remembraunce Countesse of Rychemonde (de Worde) sig. Av ^v The straungers of honeste whiche..resorteth for to vysyte the souerayne must be consydered. 1520 Chron. Eng. iii. f. 19/2 He [sc. Daniel]..was made a man of greate honeste. d. concrete. With the: honourable or respectable people collectively. Also as a form of address to an honourable or respectable man (cf. honest adj. 2b). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > good repute > reputability or honourableness > [noun] > respectability > person > collectively honesty1563 respectability1808 1563 Abp. M. Parker Articles §21 That vseth..delay to make any accompte in the presence of the honestye in the parish. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle iv. ii. sig. Dii If such a toy be vsed oft among the honestie It may [not] be seme a simple man, if your and my degree. 1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. G4 What's thy name honesty? †2. The quality of being seemly or appropriate; conformity to accepted or suitable standards of behaviour; decency, decorum; propriety. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [noun] > seemly behaviour or propriety seemlihead?a1366 honestya1398 comeliness1440 seemlihoodc1440 seemlityc1440 semblessea1500 seemliness1548 decentness1561 decorum?1571 handsomeness1595 civility1612 decency1682 exactness1683 elegance1686 propriety1753 thing1791 bienseancea1797 convenances1831 decorousness1834 the becoming1842 correctnessa1859 good (also bad) form1868 properness1873 correctitude1893 the done thing1917 the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > pleasing fitness > [noun] > seemliness or propriety seemlihead?a1366 honestya1398 comeliness1440 seemlityc1440 semblessea1500 elegance1540 seemliness1548 decency1584 handsomeness1595 civility1612 pickle1706 bienseancea1797 formality1834 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xv. 915 Whanne þey [sc. women] moste nedes lyue chaste for comyn honestee [L. honestatem]. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 144 The ordynance..ne the honestee ne the clennesse is not so arrayed þere as it is here. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 548 Hys Eyn with his hand closit he For to dey with mar honeste. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 2 [They] lyvyd lyke wylde bestys in the woodys wythout lawys & rulys of honesty. 1547 Certain Serm. or Homilies sig. Ei How their profession of chastitie was obserued, it is more honestie to passe ouer in silence. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 36 For honestie sake, and for the friendship which the Republick had with the hous of Austria. 1682 R. Hooke Non-conformists Champion 152 When it is once understood that the Law is made for publick Honesty's sake, the Superstition is now taken away. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 148 Honesty is no Pride. Spoken to them that go too careless in their Dress; intimating, that it is no sign of Pride to go decently. †3. Generosity, liberality; hospitality. Obsolete (Scottish in later use). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > liberal giving > [noun] > liberality freedomOE custinessOE largesse?c1225 freeshipa1250 franchisec1325 largitya1382 largenessa1387 liberalityc1390 bountya1400 honestya1400 freenessc1400 largec1400 liberalnessc1410 munificencec1425 plentyc1425 bounteousnessc1440 magnificencec1450 bountifulness1489 bountines1512 royalty1548 magnificency?c1550 munificency?c1550 free-heartedness1583 profuseness1584 bountihead1590 lavishness1590 frankness1591 ingenuousness1611 fruitfulnessa1616 generosity1634 open-handednessa1640 large-heartedness1640 communicativeness1653 unsparingness1818 free-handedness1860 big-heartedness1872 ungrudgingness1885 two-handedness1891 outgivingness1968 a1400 Cato's Distichs (Fairf.) l. 152 in R. Morris Cursor Mundi (1878) III. App. iv. 1671 Þat þou has gitin to þe vse hit in honeste. & be noȝt calde niþing. 1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 138 A manne not onlye of greate learning, but also of as great honesty in seekinge to profite all men by his trauaill. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iii. i. 27 A Noble Gentleman 'tis, if he would not keep so good a house..euery man has his fault, and honesty is his. View more context for this quotation 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) It is commonly said by one who has received a favour or gift from another; I'll hide nae man's honesty. †4. a. Exemplary or honourable moral behaviour; virtue, rectitude. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > [noun] > moral excellence goodwilleOE goodnesseOE thewnessc1200 goodlaikc1225 goodheadc1275 honestete1340 bountyc1386 goodliheada1393 prowessc1395 honestyc1400 goodliness1405 virtuosityc1443 virtuousnessc1449 virtueheada1456 good naturec1475 integrity1548 honestness1556 graciousness1591 saintship1613 gracefulness1619 saintliness1838 te1895 virtu1906 c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. B.15.17) (1975) B. xv. l. 92 Holynesse and honeste [Laud honestete] out of holy chirche [spryngeþ] [MS spredeþ] Thoruȝ lele libbynge men. a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 1856 I shal be glad him forto see, Mi worship to kepe with honestie. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 228 They, consyderynge the religion & the honeste of þe holy mynchons..grauntyd & yafe..to the fore-seyde holy mynchons the churche of bloxham. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. ii. 26 Encreased in all kynde of honestie, and heauenlye giftes. 1611 B. Jonson Catiline iii. sig. G Let not..wicked friendship force What honesty, and vertue cannot worke. View more context for this quotation b. spec. Virtue as regards sexual morality, esp. on the part of a woman; chastity; virginity. Also as a count noun. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > purity > chastity > [noun] > of a woman honoura1393 honestyc1405 virtue1543 c1405 (c1380) G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 89 For pure chastnesse of virginitee Or for she whitnesse hadde of honestee..The swote sauour lilie was hir name. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) l. 3156 (MED) Vrsula..Louyd cleennes & maydynly honeste [rhyme beute]. a1475 Revelations St. Birgitta (Garrett) (1929) 57 (MED) The honeste of thy body passe all men or wymmen. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 47 Hit were sittyng for sothe & semly for wemen..ouer all þere onesty attell to saue. 1573 J. Sanford tr. L. Guicciardini Hours Recreat. (1576) 158 A poore manne proude, a woman without honestie. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. iii. ii. 686 It was commonly vsed at Diana's Temple, for women to goe barefoot ouer hot coales, to trie their honesties. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 52 A Venus (like in honestie, though not in beautie). 5. a. The quality or condition of having or displaying strong moral principles, esp. with regard to lying, cheating, or stealing; fair dealing; truthfulness; integrity. Also: openness, candidness.Formerly also as a count noun. ΚΠ 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Titus ii. 7 Shew vncorrupcion, honestie, and the wholsome worde which cannot be rebuked. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 87^v Yet hath he showen himselfe as farre from honestie as he is from age, and as full of crafte as he is of courage. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 126 What other Oath, Then Honesty to Honesty ingag'd, That this shall be, or we will fall for it. View more context for this quotation 1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 121 The Saylers will as certainly take it, as you trust it to their honesties. 1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. i. 19 Honesty shall be prais'd and starv'd..to be High and Great, is to be Wise and Good. 1772 J. W. Fletcher Third Check Antinomianism 99 Like a true Suisse I love blunt honesty. 1850 T. McCombie Colonist in Austral. xvi. 188 The probity and honesty of his actions. 1870 Echo 10 Jan. An attempt was made by the Benchers to shame them into honesty by ‘screening’ or posting their names in the dining hall. 1890 Woodland (Calif.) Daily Democrat 29 Oct. 3/4 Men tried and true, and noted for their integrity, honesty and financial ability. 1911 Times 5 July 28/2 Tact, good temper, honesty of purpose, and that sportsmanlike sense of fair play which formed the best foundation for dealing with men of all classes. 1954 J. Corbett Temple Tiger i. 36 The fact that the station was in the depth of the jungle, and unguarded, was proof of the honesty of the hillfolk. 1971 B. Sidran Black Talk (1995) iv. 90 He used increased vocalization..to return the emotional honesty to jazz idioms. 2007 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 17 June 10/1 He frequently preaches the virtues of honesty and truthfulness. b. Proverb. honesty is the best policy and variants. ΚΠ 1605 E. Sandys Relation State of Relig. sig. K3 Our grosse conceits, who thinke Honestie the best policie. a1722 J. Toland Coll. Several Pieces (1726) II. 227 This I take to be plain-dealing, as I take honesty to be the best policy. 1793 Ld. Spencer in Ld. Auckland's Corr. (1862) III. 82 Hutchinson is going to break, and to show the world that honesty is the best policy. 1883 Harper's Mag. July 308/1 A man says sonorously and decisively that honesty is the best policy. 1963 G. Sansom Hist. Japan 1615–1867 x. 127 The leading merchants agreed that honesty was the best policy; but their motive was profit. 2012 Times & Transcript (New Brunswick) (Nexis) 1 Sept. f3 Don't try and cover up your mistakes with excuses, sometimes ‘honesty is the best policy’. c. in (all) honesty: in truth, to be honest; honestly, fairly. Frequently used parenthetically to strengthen or emphasize a statement. ΚΠ 1684 T. Otway Atheist iii. 27 I have heard the Man is Gallant; but in honesty, As thou art my friend, I wish thou wouldst hear good Counsel. 1798 R. Southey Joan of Arc. (ed. 2) I. i. 93 Altho' her mother be My sister, yet in honesty I think It is unkindly done to mock the Maid. 1801 D. Webster Let. 3 Oct. in Private Corr. (1857) I. 95 But, in honesty, it is not my opinion that any individual has brilliancy, and at the same time penetration and judgment enough, for a great law character. 1896 National Rev. June 583 The average American, the average American public man, and the average American public newspaper, are in all honesty anti-English. 1924 W. J. Shultz tr. E. Rignano Social Significance Inheritance Tax ii. iii. 85 In all honesty, I cannot picture the paralysing effects which some critics fear the proposed reform would inevitably have. 1986 Los Angeles Times (Electronic ed.) 2 Mar. 1 Rod is of the opinion that he can still contribute to a baseball team—and, in honesty, I would have to agree with Rod. 2011 J. Bowring In all Direct. 317 In all honesty, he found the prospect of sharing a room with Miranda no less attractive than she did. 6. Of a thing: the quality of being genuine, unadulterated, or otherwise sold or made without intention to deceive or mislead. Later also: simple, unpretentious good quality. ΚΠ 1823 J. Neal Randolph I. 66 This plaster is cunningly managed, by the application of gray paint, to look like stone... Upon my word, I should prefer the sober honesty of Dutch brick. 1842 J. Bischoff Woollen Manuf. (1862) II. 95 The German, or rather the Polish cloth, cannot be depended upon for honesty, in either the breadth or the length of the cloth. 1898 Jewelers' Circular 2 Feb. 9/2 Unfortunately in this country, we have no such marks [sc. hallmarks] to certify the honesty of the goods. 1914 W. Arthur Home Builders' Guide viii. 86 Let the headers appear in all fronts..instead of trying to conceal them to point with pride to the honesty of the wall. 1966 C. Wannier Statist. Physics ii. 30 One might wish to verify the honesty of the dice by working out the average number of eyes in a throw. 2011 New Rev. (Nexis) 31 July 35 I love the River Café, for the honesty of its produce and the elegant unpretentiousness of its cooking. II. In the names of plants. 7. a. Any of several European cruciferous plants of the genus Lunaria, having flat, round, translucent seed pods; esp. the annual L. annua and the perennial L. rediviva, both of which typically have purple flowers and are grown in gardens. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > cruciferous flowers > white or purple flowers > honesty lunaryc1386 shabub1548 bolbanac1578 money flower1578 penny-flower1578 honesty1597 moonwort1597 pricksong wort1597 satin1597 satin flower1597 white satin1597 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 378 We cal this herb in English Pennie flower..in Northfolk Sattin, & white Sattin, & among our women it is called Honestie. 1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole xlii. 265 Of some it is a called Honesty, and Penny-flower. 1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. iv. 103 The seed-vessel shining like sattin..Bulbonach, Honesty, Sattin. 1710 W. Salmon Botanologia II. 1006/2 In English we call it Satin Flower, also Honesty, Money Flower and Penny Flower. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. ii. 33 The second [class] contains those whose seed-vessel is a Silicle..as..Honesty. 1839 R. Buist Amer. Flower Garden Directory 33 Lunaria biennis, Honesty, various colours, not beautiful, but curious in seed. 1868 G. MacDonald Robert Falconer II. 44 Purple-black heartseases, and thin-filmed silver pods of honesty. 1928 Garden & Home Builder Aug. 566/2 The gardener must use lime regularly where Honesty, Wallflowers,..and all the cabbage tribe are planted. 2001 BBC Gardeners' World Feb. 37/1 Honesty..has broad, slightly puckered lower leaves and big, branched stems. b. Now English regional (southern). Traveller's joy, Clematis vitalba. Also called maiden's honesty (see maiden's honesty n. at maiden n. and adj. Compounds 1c). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > climbing, trailing, or creeping shrubs > [noun] > clematis or traveller's joy white vine?a1425 clematis1578 lady's bower1597 traveller's joy1597 virgin's bower1597 bethwine1609 honesty1640 love1640 maiden's honesty1691 lady bower1715 virgin-bower1725 old man's beard1731 bindwith1797 Robin Hood's feather1820 silver-bush1886 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 384 The Italians call it Vitalba..and in English of most country people where it groweth Honestie. a1720 Countess of Winchilsea in Bayle's Gen. Dict. Hist. & Crit. (1741) X. 180/2 The night shade, with a dismal flow'r, Curls o'er it, like a Lady's tower; Or honesty with feather'd down, Like grizled hair deforms it's [sic] crown. 1787 W. Withering Bot. Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 2) II. 568 Great Wild Climber. Virgin's Bower. Honesty. Hedges and shady places, in calcareous soil. 1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases Honesty, the wild clematis is always so called. Compounds attributive. Chiefly British. With reference to a system in which a customer is trusted to pay for goods or services when a shop assistant, attendant, etc., is not present to take payment, usually by placing money in a receptacle provided for this purpose. Esp. in honesty box. ΚΠ 1936 Manch. Guardian 24 Aug. 4/6 ‘Honesty boxes’, into which tram and 'bus passengers can drop the fares which conductors have not had time to collect, have proved a big success in Glasgow. 1953 Times 21 Apr. 9/7 Such ‘honesty boxes’ would tend to detract from the present undivided responsibility of conductors to collect every fare. 1973 Irish Times 5 Apr. 5/3 An hotel..has established an ‘honesty bar’ for its guests... A price list is in the bar and guests help themselves. 1994 J. Wood Cycling in Lake District 38 Graythwaite Hall gardens are open daily from 10 o'clock. Payment is by an honesty box in the car park at the end of the winding driveway. 2011 D. Graney 1001 Austral. Nights 147 I strolled over to the shop with no person in it to buy a bag of nectarines. I left the money in the honesty tin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1382
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