hornbeamn.
/ˈhɔːnbiːm/, U.S. /ˈhɔrnˌbim/ 1.
a. A tree of the genus Carpinus (family Betulaceæ), native to Asia, Europe, and North America, esp. C. betulus, the common hornbeam, which is native to Great Britain, or C. caroliniana, the American hornbeam; so called from its hard, close-grained wood.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > hardwood tree > particular hardwood trees or shrubs
witch hazela1400
mazer?c1475
hardbeam1544
sugar-chest1545
hornbeam1577
yoke tree1585
yoke elm1597
iron tree1623
ironwood1672
horn-wood1731
horse-beech1731
horn-beech1771
hardwood1842
stonewood1863
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 100v Vpon the playnes you shal haue..the Hornebeame.
1664 J. Evelyn Sylva xii. §1. 29 The Horn-beam, in Latine the Carpinus, is planted of Sets.
1671 in Early Rec. Town of Providence (Rhode Island) (1893) III. 107 Boundeth on..the norwesterne Corner with a horne beame or peckled tree marked on too sides.
1767 Bartram's Jrnl. 62 in W. Stork Acct. E. Florida (ed. 2) A hammock of oak, hiccory, magnolia, and hornbeam.
1791 W. Gilpin Remarks Forest Scenery I. iv. 48 Very nearly allied to the beech..is the hornbeam. It grows like it, when it is suffered to grow; but it is generally seen only in clipped hedges.
1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants II. 71 The horn-beam is very like the beech in habit, but the leaves are not shiny.
1968 J. Arnold Shell Bk. Country Crafts xxxi. 330 When threshing was done with flails, the floors were made of hornbeam planks, and until lignum vitae came to this country hornbeam was used for bowls and still is for butchers' blocks.
b. hop hornbeam n. the name of the genus Ostrya, closely allied to the common hornbeam, so called from the hop-like appearance of the ripe catkins; it has two species, O. vulgaris of Southern Europe, and O. virginica of America.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > other timber trees
jasmine-wood1712
fiddlewood1714
loblolly tree1750
rosewood1755
loblolly-wood1756
horn-beech1771
hop hornbeam1785
olive wood1866
myrtle1880
pounce tree1884
rosebush1889
1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxviii. 441 In the common Hornbeam the scales of the strobiles are flat; and in the Hop-Hornbeam they are inflated.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 828/1 Ostrya vulgaris, the Common Hop Hornbeam, is a native of the south of Europe, but is quite hardy in the climate of England.
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants Ostrya virginica, Iron~wood (N. American), Hop-Hornbeam, Lever-wood.
c. attributive† hornbeam pollenger n. Obsolete (see quot.).
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1597 J. Gerard Herball iii. 1295 Betulus, or the Hornebeame tree.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Horn-beam Pollengers, trees of about Twenty Years Growth, that have been often lopp'd, and upon that Account not Tithable.
a1783 J. Scott Ode to Leisure (R.) Where Easna's horn-beam grove Its foliage o'er me interwove.
1837 J. Forbes Jrnl. Hort. Tour Germany 104 Several arched walks, formed by hornbeam hedges, with arborial windows cut in them.
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the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > representation of god(s) > halo or nimbus
hornbeam1582
nimbus1606
halo1646
nimbe1830
nimb1849
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 62 Lyke..Phœbus his hornebeams.
3. = beam n.1 12.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > male > [noun] > body and parts > antler > main stem of
beam1575
royal1575
royal antler1728
hornbeam1861
royal tine1877
1861 W. R. Wilde Catal. Antiq. Royal Irish Acad. 259 A horn~beam of an immense red deer.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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