Apriln.

Brit.

/ˈeɪpr(ᵻ)l/, U.S.

/ˈeɪprəl/

Forms:

α. Old English Apriles (genitive), late Old English– April, Middle English Aperil, Middle English Apprile, Middle English Apprille, Middle English Aprile, Middle English Aprille, Middle English Apryle, Middle English 1600s Aperill, Middle English–1500s Apryll, Middle English–1600s Apprill, Middle English–1600s Aprel, Middle English–1600s Aprell, Middle English–1700s Aprill, 1500s Aprelle, 1500s Apryl, 1600s Apill (transmission error); U.S. regional 1800s Apriel, 1800s– Aprile; Scottish pre-1700 Aperell, pre-1700 Aperil, pre-1700 Aperill, pre-1700 Apperyll, pre-1700 Apprayll, pre-1700 Appreill, pre-1700 Appril, pre-1700 Apprile, pre-1700 Apprill, pre-1700 Appryle, pre-1700 Appryll, pre-1700 Aprayll, pre-1700 Apreill, pre-1700 Apriell, pre-1700 Aprill, pre-1700 Aprille, pre-1700 Apryill, pre-1700 Apryl, pre-1700 Apryle, pre-1700 Apryll, pre-1700 Aprylle, pre-1700 Apyrayll, pre-1700 1700s– April, pre-1700 1700s– Aprile; also Irish English (northern) 1900s– Aiprile, 1900s– Aprile.

β. Middle English Auerel, Middle English Aueril, Middle English Auerill, Middle English Aueryll, Middle English Auerylle, Middle English Averil, Middle English Averyll, Middle English Averylle; Scottish pre-1700 Affiril, pre-1700 Auryll, pre-1700 Averill, pre-1700 Averille, pre-1700 Averyl, pre-1700 Avirhil, pre-1700 Aviril, pre-1700 Avril, pre-1700 Avyrylle, pre-1700 Awerhill, 1700s Averil.

Also represented by the abbreviations Apr, Apr., Apl. (with point).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin Aprīlis; French aprill, avril.

Etymology: Originally < classical Latin Aprīlis (see below); in later use (especially in β. forms) also < Anglo-Norman aprill, aprell, aprille, appril, averil, averill, averille, averel, Anglo-Norman and Old French avril, Old French avrill (c1100; Middle French, French avril) < classical Latin Aprīlis, use as noun (short for mēnsis Aprīlis month of April) of masculine of Aprīlis of April, of uncertain origin; perhaps < Etruscan. Compare Old Occitan abril, Catalan abril, abriu (mid 12th cent.), Spanish abril (c1200), abriol (1475), Portuguese abril (1182), Italian aprile (mid 13th cent.); also Middle Dutch april, aprille, aprel (Dutch april), Middle Low German April, Appril, Old High German abrello (Middle High German aberelle, abrille, aprille, German April), Old Swedish april (Swedish april).In Old English and Middle English texts Latin Aprilis (and variants) is often used for the month (in Old English sometimes alongside the vernacular name Ēastermōnað), e.g.:OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) Apr. 48 Þone monað man nemneð on Læden Aprelis, ond on ure geþeode Eastermonaþ.OE Lacnunga (2001) I. clxxxii. 122 Þæt is þonne utganggendum [read utgangendum] þam monþe þe we Aprelis hatað se nyhsta monandæg an.?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1140 Þat was xiii kalendas Aprilis.a1450 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (1988) i. §10. 6 Next the cercle of the daies folewith the cercle of the names of the monthes, that is to say, Januarius, Februarius, Marcius, Aprilis, [etc.]. Compare also Old English Aprelismōnað ( < post-classical Latin Aprelis (9th cent.; variant of classical Latin Aprīlis: see above) + month n.¹):OE Menologium 56 Swylce emb feower and þreo nihtgerimes, þætte nergend sent Aprelis monað, on þam oftust cymð..drihtnes ærist.

1. The fourth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, containing 30 days and falling between March and May.Also personified.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > period > a month or calendar month > specific months > [noun] > April

Aprilc1400

OE On Concurrents (Calig. A.xv) in P. S. Baker & M. Lapidge Byrhtferth's Enchiridion (1995) 429 Of Apriles dagum þu miht findan Maius regulares.

lOE Prognostics (Vesp.) in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 91 On April [gyf hit þunreð], hit bodeð blisful gear, & yfelre manna deað.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 24196 Þa æstre wes aȝonge and Aueril [c1300 Otho Auerel] eode of tune.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 10410 In þe monþe of aueril is messagers come.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. l. 269 In a drye apprile [c1450 Rawl. auerel].

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Ellesmere) (1868) l. 1 Aprille [c1405 Hengwrt Auerylle, c1415 Corpus Oxf. Apprille] with hise schoures soote.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 13 Apryle monythe [a1500 BL Add. 37789 Aprel].

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xli. l. 215 Þ^e Mone schon..Al so bryht as In Averylle.

1555 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 95 The vij. day of Aprelle.

1662 R. Codrington tr. G. Ruggle Ignoramus iii. vi. sig. K3^v This Indenture made the Nineteenth day of April.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 432. ⁋12 The Present I received the second of April.

1860 Ld. Tennyson Tithonus in Cornhill Mag. Feb. 176 Half-opening buds of April.

a1922 T. S. Eliot Waste Land Drafts (1971) 6 April is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land.

2006 Daily Tel. 11 Apr. 22/7 From noon on April 19..children will be shown how to willow-weave birds and rabbits.

2. figurative, with allusion to April as a month in spring (in the northern hemisphere), or to its changeable weather. Frequently with of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > source or principle of life > age > youth > [noun]

youthc897

youngheada1300

youngthc1330

juvent1377

juventy1377

first youtha1387

youthheada1400

joyfnesc1400

junessec1430

young daysa1464

juventudec1470

younga1475

youngness?1505

flower?1507

juventute1541

prime tide1549

spring1553

April1583

springtime1583

nonage1584

prime1584

flowering youth1586

primrose1590

greenc1595

dancing-days1599

primrose-time1606

leaping timea1616

salad daysa1616

minority1632

juvenency1656

coltagec1720

youdith1723

veal-bones1785

whelphood1847

colthood1865

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke Pref. sig. *vi The yong man flourishing as it were in the Aprill of his age, cockereth in himselfe a foolis imagination of his own lustinesse.

1596 B. Griffin Fidessa xxxv. sig. D2 The Aprill of my time, The sweet of youth.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. ii. 43 The Aprill's in her eyes, it is Loues spring.

1640 F. Quarles Enchyridion iv. xcix Be very vigilent over thy Childe in the April of his understanding.

1693 J. Dryden in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires Ep. Ded. p. xiv Two good lines..after a long Parenthesis of twenty bad..is the April Poetry of other Writers, a mixture of Rain and Sun-shine by fits.

a1750 A. Hill Wks. (1753) IV. 133 Scarce was the April of my life begun.

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi III. ix. ii. 182 The bloom, the flush, the April of the heart was gone.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxxix. 60 And hopes and light regrets that come Make April of her tender eyes.

1991 C. H. Sisson Antidotes 27 Free was I in the April of my years, Without a care.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as April day, April drop, April sky, April weather, etc.

ΚΠ

a1425 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1912) 128 287 (MED) Aperil þonder toneth ioyfull yer and plente of fruth and wicked mennus deth.

1596 C. M. First Pt. Nature of Woman vi. sig. E4^v Like the fading flourish of an April day, soone laughing, and soon lowring again.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. iii. 85 The vncertaine glory of an Aprill day.

1709 Countess of Winchelsea in D. Manley Secret Mem. (ed. 2) I. 170 Our sighs are then but vernal Air, But April drops our Tears.

1754 M. Green Spleen (ed. 2) 8 A coquet's April-weather face.

1833 Ld. Tennyson Poems 45 Tremulous eyes, like April skies.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. i. 307 When April-tide was melting into May.

1917 T. S. Eliot Prufrock & Other Observ. 20 These April sunsets, that somehow recall My buried life.

2002 N.Y. Times Mag. 17 Mar. 65 As we ate, I was reminded of another April day in 1954 in Rome.

C2. Parasynthetic, instrumental, and similative, as April-born, April-eyed, April-green, April-hearted, April-soft, etc.

ΚΠ

1838 A. B. Welby in New-Yorker 21 Apr. 68 I rather think she's like myself, An April-hearted thing.

1850 E. B. Browning Poems II. 292 A garden April-green.

1912 W. de la Mare Listeners 42 Under the April-grey calm waste of the skies.

1940 E. Blunden Poems 1930–40 252 Bright-tressed, ready-smiling, April-eyed.

1953 E. Sitwell Gardeners & Astronomers 37 Upon your wood-wild April-soft long hair.

2000 Marie Claire July 318/1 There is a danger of April-born Taureans over-estimating their capabilities during the last week of July.

C3.

† April gentleman n. Obsolete a foolish man; spec. a newly-married husband, considered as a fool.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > newly married man

April gentleman1592

benedict1821

1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. B That time when the Cuckoulds querister beganne to bewray Aprill Gentlemen with his neuer changed notes.

1823 London Mag. Aug. 135/1 With a pocket handkerchief in one hand and their tragedy in the other, these April gentlemen [sc. tragedians] come before the public.

1894 E. C. Brewer Dict. Phr. & Fable April Gentleman..a man newly married, who has made himself thus ‘an April fool.’

April-gowk n. English regional (northern) and Scottish = April fool n. 1; cf. gowk n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > trickery, playing jokes > [noun] > day for tricks > victim of

April fool1629

April-gowk1777

1777 J. Brand Observ. Pop. Antiq. 400 We in the North call Persons who are thus deceived, April-Gowks.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 4/1 April-gowk, April fool.

2007 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 1 Apr. 13 We Scots were to the forefront, with the ‘fool’ being known as April Gowk (a word for ‘cuckoo’).

Derivatives

ˈApril-like adj.

ΚΠ

1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xxxv. 344 The refreshing April-like Showers.

1824 S. Ferrier Inheritance II. xxxii. 348 The April-like joy that beamed in Gertrude's face.

1907 Westm. Gaz. 3 June 11/1 June..inclines to its predecessor's bad example, and we do not recognise our midsummer month in its April-like behaviour.

2005 Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) (Nexis) 8 Jan. a1 April-like weather in the upper 60s and a chance of showers are expected to follow later in the week.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	april
释义	Apriln. Brit. /ˈeɪpr(ᵻ)l/, U.S. /ˈeɪprəl/ Forms: α. Old English Apriles (genitive), late Old English– April, Middle English Aperil, Middle English Apprile, Middle English Apprille, Middle English Aprile, Middle English Aprille, Middle English Apryle, Middle English 1600s Aperill, Middle English–1500s Apryll, Middle English–1600s Apprill, Middle English–1600s Aprel, Middle English–1600s Aprell, Middle English–1700s Aprill, 1500s Aprelle, 1500s Apryl, 1600s Apill (transmission error); U.S. regional 1800s Apriel, 1800s– Aprile; Scottish pre-1700 Aperell, pre-1700 Aperil, pre-1700 Aperill, pre-1700 Apperyll, pre-1700 Apprayll, pre-1700 Appreill, pre-1700 Appril, pre-1700 Apprile, pre-1700 Apprill, pre-1700 Appryle, pre-1700 Appryll, pre-1700 Aprayll, pre-1700 Apreill, pre-1700 Apriell, pre-1700 Aprill, pre-1700 Aprille, pre-1700 Apryill, pre-1700 Apryl, pre-1700 Apryle, pre-1700 Apryll, pre-1700 Aprylle, pre-1700 Apyrayll, pre-1700 1700s– April, pre-1700 1700s– Aprile; also Irish English (northern) 1900s– Aiprile, 1900s– Aprile. β. Middle English Auerel, Middle English Aueril, Middle English Auerill, Middle English Aueryll, Middle English Auerylle, Middle English Averil, Middle English Averyll, Middle English Averylle; Scottish pre-1700 Affiril, pre-1700 Auryll, pre-1700 Averill, pre-1700 Averille, pre-1700 Averyl, pre-1700 Avirhil, pre-1700 Aviril, pre-1700 Avril, pre-1700 Avyrylle, pre-1700 Awerhill, 1700s Averil. Also represented by the abbreviations Apr, Apr., Apl. (with point). Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin Aprīlis; French aprill, avril. Etymology: Originally < classical Latin Aprīlis (see below); in later use (especially in β. forms) also < Anglo-Norman aprill, aprell, aprille, appril, averil, averill, averille, averel, Anglo-Norman and Old French avril, Old French avrill (c1100; Middle French, French avril) < classical Latin Aprīlis, use as noun (short for mēnsis Aprīlis month of April) of masculine of Aprīlis of April, of uncertain origin; perhaps < Etruscan. Compare Old Occitan abril, Catalan abril, abriu (mid 12th cent.), Spanish abril (c1200), abriol (1475), Portuguese abril (1182), Italian aprile (mid 13th cent.); also Middle Dutch april, aprille, aprel (Dutch april), Middle Low German April, Appril, Old High German abrello (Middle High German aberelle, abrille, aprille, German April), Old Swedish april (Swedish april).In Old English and Middle English texts Latin Aprilis (and variants) is often used for the month (in Old English sometimes alongside the vernacular name Ēastermōnað), e.g.:OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) Apr. 48 Þone monað man nemneð on Læden Aprelis, ond on ure geþeode Eastermonaþ.OE Lacnunga (2001) I. clxxxii. 122 Þæt is þonne utganggendum [read utgangendum] þam monþe þe we Aprelis hatað se nyhsta monandæg an.?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1140 Þat was xiii kalendas Aprilis.a1450 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (1988) i. §10. 6 Next the cercle of the daies folewith the cercle of the names of the monthes, that is to say, Januarius, Februarius, Marcius, Aprilis, [etc.]. Compare also Old English Aprelismōnað ( < post-classical Latin Aprelis (9th cent.; variant of classical Latin Aprīlis: see above) + month n.¹):OE Menologium 56 Swylce emb feower and þreo nihtgerimes, þætte nergend sent Aprelis monað, on þam oftust cymð..drihtnes ærist. 1. The fourth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, containing 30 days and falling between March and May.Also personified. ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > a month or calendar month > specific months > [noun] > April Aprilc1400 OE On Concurrents (Calig. A.xv) in P. S. Baker & M. Lapidge Byrhtferth's Enchiridion (1995) 429 Of Apriles dagum þu miht findan Maius regulares. lOE Prognostics (Vesp.) in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 91 On April [gyf hit þunreð], hit bodeð blisful gear, & yfelre manna deað. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 24196 Þa æstre wes aȝonge and Aueril [c1300 Otho Auerel] eode of tune. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 10410 In þe monþe of aueril is messagers come. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. l. 269 In a drye apprile [c1450 Rawl. auerel]. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Ellesmere) (1868) l. 1 Aprille [c1405 Hengwrt Auerylle, c1415 Corpus Oxf. Apprille] with hise schoures soote. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 13 Apryle monythe [a1500 BL Add. 37789 Aprel]. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xli. l. 215 Þ^e Mone schon..Al so bryht as In Averylle. 1555 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 95 The vij. day of Aprelle. 1662 R. Codrington tr. G. Ruggle Ignoramus iii. vi. sig. K3^v This Indenture made the Nineteenth day of April. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 432. ⁋12 The Present I received the second of April. 1860 Ld. Tennyson Tithonus in Cornhill Mag. Feb. 176 Half-opening buds of April. a1922 T. S. Eliot Waste Land Drafts (1971) 6 April is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land. 2006 Daily Tel. 11 Apr. 22/7 From noon on April 19..children will be shown how to willow-weave birds and rabbits. 2. figurative, with allusion to April as a month in spring (in the northern hemisphere), or to its changeable weather. Frequently with of. ΘΚΠ the world > life > source or principle of life > age > youth > [noun] youthc897 youngheada1300 youngthc1330 juvent1377 juventy1377 first youtha1387 youthheada1400 joyfnesc1400 junessec1430 young daysa1464 juventudec1470 younga1475 youngness?1505 flower?1507 juventute1541 prime tide1549 spring1553 April1583 springtime1583 nonage1584 prime1584 flowering youth1586 primrose1590 greenc1595 dancing-days1599 primrose-time1606 leaping timea1616 salad daysa1616 minority1632 juvenency1656 coltagec1720 youdith1723 veal-bones1785 whelphood1847 colthood1865 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke Pref. sig. vi The yong man flourishing as it were in the Aprill of his age, cockereth in himselfe a foolis imagination of his own lustinesse. 1596 B. Griffin Fidessa* xxxv. sig. D2 The Aprill of my time, The sweet of youth. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. ii. 43 The Aprill's in her eyes, it is Loues spring. View more context for this quotation 1640 F. Quarles Enchyridion iv. xcix Be very vigilent over thy Childe in the April of his understanding. 1693 J. Dryden in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires Ep. Ded. p. xiv Two good lines..after a long Parenthesis of twenty bad..is the April Poetry of other Writers, a mixture of Rain and Sun-shine by fits. a1750 A. Hill Wks. (1753) IV. 133 Scarce was the April of my life begun. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi III. ix. ii. 182 The bloom, the flush, the April of the heart was gone. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxxix. 60 And hopes and light regrets that come Make April of her tender eyes. View more context for this quotation 1991 C. H. Sisson Antidotes 27 Free was I in the April of my years, Without a care. Compounds C1. General attributive, as April day, April drop, April sky, April weather, etc. ΚΠ a1425 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1912) 128 287 (MED) Aperil þonder toneth ioyfull yer and plente of fruth and wicked mennus deth. 1596 C. M. First Pt. Nature of Woman vi. sig. E4^v Like the fading flourish of an April day, soone laughing, and soon lowring again. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. iii. 85 The vncertaine glory of an Aprill day. View more context for this quotation 1709 Countess of Winchelsea in D. Manley Secret Mem. (ed. 2) I. 170 Our sighs are then but vernal Air, But April drops our Tears. 1754 M. Green Spleen (ed. 2) 8 A coquet's April-weather face. 1833 Ld. Tennyson Poems 45 Tremulous eyes, like April skies. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. i. 307 When April-tide was melting into May. 1917 T. S. Eliot Prufrock & Other Observ. 20 These April sunsets, that somehow recall My buried life. 2002 N.Y. Times Mag. 17 Mar. 65 As we ate, I was reminded of another April day in 1954 in Rome. C2. Parasynthetic, instrumental, and similative, as April-born, April-eyed, April-green, April-hearted, April-soft, etc. ΚΠ 1838 A. B. Welby in New-Yorker 21 Apr. 68 I rather think she's like myself, An April-hearted thing. 1850 E. B. Browning Poems II. 292 A garden April-green. 1912 W. de la Mare Listeners 42 Under the April-grey calm waste of the skies. 1940 E. Blunden Poems 1930–40 252 Bright-tressed, ready-smiling, April-eyed. 1953 E. Sitwell Gardeners & Astronomers 37 Upon your wood-wild April-soft long hair. 2000 Marie Claire July 318/1 There is a danger of April-born Taureans over-estimating their capabilities during the last week of July. C3. † April gentleman n. Obsolete a foolish man; spec. a newly-married husband, considered as a fool. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > newly married man April gentleman1592 benedict1821 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. B That time when the Cuckoulds querister beganne to bewray Aprill Gentlemen with his neuer changed notes. 1823 London Mag. Aug. 135/1 With a pocket handkerchief in one hand and their tragedy in the other, these April gentlemen [sc. tragedians] come before the public. 1894 E. C. Brewer Dict. Phr. & Fable April Gentleman..a man newly married, who has made himself thus ‘an April fool.’ April-gowk n. English regional (northern) and Scottish = April fool n. 1; cf. gowk n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > trickery, playing jokes > [noun] > day for tricks > victim of April fool1629 April-gowk1777 1777 J. Brand Observ. Pop. Antiq. 400 We in the North call Persons who are thus deceived, April-Gowks. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 4/1 April-gowk, April fool. 2007 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 1 Apr. 13 We Scots were to the forefront, with the ‘fool’ being known as April Gowk (a word for ‘cuckoo’). Derivatives ˈApril-like adj. ΚΠ 1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xxxv. 344 The refreshing April-like Showers. 1824 S. Ferrier Inheritance II. xxxii. 348 The April-like joy that beamed in Gertrude's face. 1907 Westm. Gaz. 3 June 11/1 June..inclines to its predecessor's bad example, and we do not recognise our midsummer month in its April-like behaviour. 2005 Capital (Annapolis, Maryland) (Nexis) 8 Jan. a1 April-like weather in the upper 60s and a chance of showers are expected to follow later in the week. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.OE
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