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单词 hunch
释义

hunchn.

Brit. /hʌn(t)ʃ/, U.S. /hən(t)ʃ/
Etymology: In sense 1 < hunch v.; in sense 2 apparently deduced < hunch-backed . Sense 3 may belong to a distinct word; this, although known only from 1790, is found in popular use before 1830 in southern and northern dialects, in the West Indies, and in New England. Compare also hunk n.1 in same sense, exemplified from 1813.
1.
a. The act of ‘hunching’ or pushing; a push, thrust, shove. Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > [noun] > striking with pushing action > pushing > a push
piltc1300
thrutchc1400
puta1450
dinga1500
push1613
hunch1630
budge1714
bunt1767
dunch1770
jow1790
thrust1823
poke-up1905
shtup1977
1630 J. Taylor Water-cormorant sig. B4v When he quaffing doth his entrailes wash, Tis call'd a hunch [1630 bunch], a thrust, a whiffe, a flash.
1768 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued II. ii. 274 Suppose..you should give him a good hunch with your foot.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Hunch, a lift, or shove.
b. A hint, ‘tip’. (Cf. hunch v. 2b.)
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > [noun] > special or useful
hint1777
wrinkle1818
tip1845
hunch1849
the straight tip1871
kinklea1873
speech1874
quiff1881
pointer1884
griffin1889
griff1891
tip-off1901
rumble1905
wheeze1906
drum1915
1849 T. M. Garrett in Amer. Speech (1951) 26 183/1 Another piece [of writing] gave a few hunches to the inexperienced freshman.
1901 ‘H. McHugh’ John Henry 57 The reason it's so good is because I took my hunch from Rud. Kipling's style.
1922 Z. Grey To Last Man ii. 36 All shootin' arms an' such are at a premium in the Tonto... An' I was givin' you a hunch to come loaded.
2. A protuberance; a hump. (As to the late appearance of this see note to hunch v.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > swelling > [noun] > a swelling or protuberance
ampereOE
kernelc1000
wenc1000
knot?c1225
swella1250
bulchc1300
bunchc1325
bolninga1340
botcha1387
bouge1398
nodusa1400
oedemaa1400
wax-kernel14..
knobc1405
nodule?a1425
more?c1425
bunnyc1440
papa1450
knurc1460
waxing kernel?c1460
lump?a1500
waxen-kernel1500
bump1533
puff1538
tumour?1541
swelling1542
elevation1543
enlarging1562
knub1563
pimple1582
ganglion1583
button1584
phyma1585
emphysema?1587
flesh-pimple1587
oedem?a1591
burgeon1597
wartle1598
hurtle1599
pough1601
wart1603
extumescence1611
hulch1611
peppernel1613
affusion1615
extumescency1684
jog1715
knibloch1780
tumefaction1802
hunch1803
income1808
intumescence1822
gibber1853
tumescence1859
whetstone1886
tumidity1897
Osler's node1920
the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > protuberance or rounded projection > [noun] > a protuberance or protuberant part > a hump or lump
bulchc1300
lump?a1500
hillock?1527
bump1533
hulch1611
hump1709
hunch1803
mump1847
nib1847
wodge1847
hummock1864
1803 W. Tennant Indian Recreat. II. 103 The common draught cattle of India are distinguished by..a large hunch, or protuberance, above the shoulders.
1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 36 His back carried a huge hunch.
1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 144 Camelus,..back with fleshy hunches.
1833 J. Hodgson in Raine Mem. (1858) II. 306 The old birches have on their crooked stems great hunches and wens.
3. A thick or clumsy piece, a lump, a hunk.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > large or thick piece
luncheon1580
lunch1591
chuck1674
chunk1691
junt1718
daud1721
junk1726
hunch1790
hunk1809
dunt1813
knoll1829
nugget1853
slug1867
1790 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. (ed. 2) Hunch, a great hunch; a piece of bread. South.
a1818 M. G. Lewis Jrnl. W. India Proprietor (1834) 359 Another bit of cold ham..I ordered Cabina to give her a great hunch of it.
1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 180 Hunch, a good big slice, or lump, of bread or meat.
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Hunch, a large slice of any thing, as bread and cheese.
1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Hunch,..2. A lump..as, a hunch of bread; a word in common vulgar use in New-England.
1849 G. P. R. James Woodman II. viii. 146 A hunch of ewe-milk cheese.
4. A premonition or intuitive feeling that something will happen or may be the case; a presentiment.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > premonition, presentiment > [noun] > instance of
boding1297
pricking of (also in) one's thumbsa1398
sense1549
presagition?c1550
forefeeling1551
aboding1579
bode1587
foresignification1592
presage1597
prevention1601
bodement1642
presentiment1663
forebodea1680
forebodement1755
omening1796
bodeword1832
forefeel1839
hunch1904
1904 S. E. White Silent Places xviii. 200 ‘I hope your hunch is a good one,’ replied Dick.
1907 R. W. Service Songs of Sourdough (1908) 52 Then you've a haunch [sic] what the music meant.
1918 E. M. Roberts Flying Fighter 62 This particular night Fritz had a hunch that somebody was going to pass the place behind the screen.
1926 G. D. H. Cole & M. Cole Blatchington Tangle xiii. 97 I had an awful hunch what it was.
1938 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. July 7 I relied not so much on conscious thought, as on what Americans call a ‘hunch’.
1955 Times 9 May 5/2 A churchwarden's ‘hunch’ could never be a wholly satisfactory substitute for professional knowledge in regard to the care of churches.
1960 M. Spark Ballad of Peckham Rye ii. 14 ‘Only a hunch,’ said Dougal. ‘I may be wrong.’
1973 ‘H. Howard’ Highway to Murder viii. 89 My sixth sense told me I'd got myself an extra shadow. That hunch was all I had to go on.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

hunchadj.

Etymology: ? < hunch v.
dialect.
That shrivels or pinches (with cold).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > [adjective] > very intensely cold > nipping or piercing
snippinga1400
piercingc1425
sharpc1435
nipping1563
sneaping1598
eager1603
bittera1616
huncha1825
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Hunch-weather, cold weather, which makes men hunch up their shoulders, and animals contract their limbs, and look as if they were hunch-backed.
1897 R. E. G. Cole Hist. Doddington 149 They [hops]..suffered from the ‘cold hunch springs’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

hunchv.

Brit. /hʌn(t)ʃ/, U.S. /hən(t)ʃ/
Forms: Also 1600s hunsh.
Etymology: Of obscure origin: but compare hinch v. If sense 3 belongs to the same word as senses 1 and 2 (which is doubtful), the sense-development may have been ‘to thrust or shoot out’, ‘to cause to stick out’, and hence ‘to form a projection or protuberance’. It is noteworthy that the first trace of sense 3 appears, not in the simple hunch verb or noun, but in the combination hunch-backed substituted in the 2nd Quarto of Shakespeare's Richard III (1598) iv. iv. 81, for the earlier and ordinary 16–17th cent. word bunch-backed , which the 1st Quarto and all the Folios have here, and which all the Quartos and all the Folios have in the parallel passage i. iii. 246. This substitution of hunch-backed in the one passage might be thought to be a mere misprint of the 2nd Quarto, but it is retained in all the five subsequent Quartos 1602–1634; and the word appears again in 1635, and becomes frequent after 1675. Then we have huncht back 1656, to hunch the back 1678, hunchback 1712, hunch back 1718, and finally, hunch noun c1800. Johnson 1755–87 knew only hunch verb (in senses 2, 3) and hunch-backed . With these words must be considered hulch noun, hulch back , and hulch-backed , in the same senses, given by Cotgrave 1611, which are thus earlier than the hunch group, except for hunch-backed in the Shakespeare Quartos; also the forms hutch back , hutch-back'd , hutch-shouldered , found 1624–1667. We have further to compare the somewhat similar case of hump n., where hump-backed is known earlier than hump noun or verb, or hump-back.
I. Senses relating to pushing or thrusting.
1. intransitive. To push, thrust, shove. Also (figurative): to ‘kick against’ a thing; to show reluctance; to spurn. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (intransitive)] > reject
hunch1581
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > strike in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > strike with pushing action > give a push
pilta1200
beara1500
put1504
hunch1581
boke1601
nudge1809
1581 R. Vaux tr. J. Calvin Comm. Galathians iv. 112 The heritage is saued for vs, howsoeuer bragly they hunche at vs for a time.
1598 R. Bernard tr. Terence Heautontimoroumenos iv. v, in Terence in Eng. 243 I will doe thee some good turne..without any hunching [L. ac lubens].
1619 J. Dyke Caveat for Archippus 17 Would we then hunch at a litle bodily paines?
1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 52 God..will send such curst Cowes short hornes, and keepe them from hurting, though they hunsh.
1658 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 2nd Pt. 397 Conscience is as much huncht at and spighted among sinners, as Joseph was among the Patriarchs.
2.
a. transitive. To push, shove, thrust. Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking in specific manner > strike in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > strike with pushing action > give a push to
poteOE
puta1225
duncha1250
wag1377
pusha1450
jut1565
jog1589
stir1590
jolt1611
hunch1659
shtup1987
1659 in Sussex Archaeol. Coll. (1864) 16 77 [Her husband] Did so hunch and Pincht her, that she Could not Lift her armes to her head.
1668 R. L'Estrange tr. F. G. de Quevedo y Villegas Visions (1708) 148 Hunching and Justling one another.
1675 J. Covel Diary in J. T. Bent Early Voy. Levant (1893) ii. 204 I have been caryed in when Turkes have been huncht away.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Hunch one, to give him a thrust with the Elbow.
1712 J. Arbuthnot App. to John Bull Still in Senses iii. 19 Then Jack's Friends began to hunch and push one another, Why don't you go and cut the poor Fellow down?
1715 Lady Cowper Diary (1864) 43 A world of shouldering and hunching People.
1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. i. 8 A great over-grown..boy, who would be hunch'd and punch'd by every-body.
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Hunch, to strike or punch with the fist.
1807 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life II. xviii. 136 You are stoutly hunched aside, by the huge carcase of a panting fellow.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Hunch, to shove; to heave up.
1891 ‘J. S. Winter’ Lumley xi. 79 [The dog] hunching his large person heavily against her.
b. To nudge (a person) so as to direct attention to someone. Also figurative. U.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > other gestures > [verb (transitive)] > nudge
nudge1675
huncha1852
nug1866
dig1889
a1852 F. M. Whitcher Widow Bedott Papers (1883) 76 She kept a hunchin' Miss Coon and grinnin'.
1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn xxv. 211 Then the king he hunched the duke, private.
1906 Life 1 Feb. 147 Soon some fellow hunched the Legislature, and then there had to be more or less investigating done.
c. intransitive. To push or lunge forward. U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move forward or advance [verb (intransitive)] > with a lunge
hunch1910
1910 S. E. White Adventures of Bobby Orde xvii. 196 Bending to his task the pusher at the rear dug his toes in, while the others hunched.
1913 G. Stratton-Porter Laddie viii. 232 She sat astride the foot log, and hunched along with her hands.
1925 C. E. Mulford Cottonwood Gulch xix. 259 They hunched closer, hugging knees under chin.
II. Senses relating to a hunch or hump.
3.
a. transitive. To thrust out or up, or bend, so as to form a ‘hunch’ or hump; to compress, bend, or arch convexly. Also without up.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of bending > bend [verb (transitive)] > in a hunch
hulch1676
hunch1679
hump1840
the world > space > extension in space > reduction in size or extent > reduce in size or extent [verb (transitive)] > compress or constrict
thrumc1275
constrainc1374
nip1381
rinea1398
compress1398
withstrainc1400
coarctc1420
pincha1425
strain1426
nipe1440
thrumble1513
comprime?1541
astrict1548
sneap1598
cling1601
wring1603
constringe1609
coarctate1620
compinge1621
choke1635
compel1657
cramp1673
hunch1738
constrict1759
tighten1853
scrunch1861
throttle1863
1679 J. Dryden & N. Lee Oedipus i. 6 Thy crooked mind within hunch'd out thy back.
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 70 I was hunch'd up in a Hackney-Coach with Three Country Acquaintance.
1858 T. Hughes Scouring of White Horse iv. 62 Peter..kept pulling away at his forelock, and hunching up his shoulders.
1863 W. E. Forster in T. W. Reid Life W. E. Forster (1888) I. 215 Shutting his eyes and hunching himself up on the seat with hands clenched.
1892 E. Lawless Grania II. 7 He sat..hunched up, with his knees and his chin together.
1906 U. Sinclair Jungle xviii Hiding his hands in his pockets and hunching his shoulders together.
1906 ‘K. Howard’ Old Game ii. i. 54 She merely hunched her shoulders, swung on her heel, and marched off.
b. intransitive. Perh: to ‘set one's back up’.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > expression of ill humour > express ill humour [verb (intransitive)] > hunch sulkily
hunch1873
1873 A. I. Thackeray Old Kensington xv. 126 ‘Nonsense’, said G., hunching up sulkily.
4. To ‘hump’, to carry on one's back. slang.
ΚΠ
1918 W. J. Locke Rough Road xix. 236 If you knew what it was to hunch a horrible canvas sausage of kit about.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1630adj.a1825v.1581
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