hydrocrackingn.
/ˈhʌɪdrəʊˌkrakɪŋ/ The catalytic cracking of crude petroleum or a heavy distillate by subjecting it to the action of gaseous hydrogen at a high temperature and pressure, so that long-chain paraffins and other hydrocarbons undergo hydrogenolysis; also called hydrogenation cracking.
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hydrocracking1940
1940 Jrnl. Soc. Chem. Industry Japan (Suppl. binding) 43 363/1 The ‘Hydro-Cracking’ is a method of cracking in which mineral oil is decomposed in the presence of high pressure hydrogen.
1955 V. Haensel in B. T. Brooks et al. Chem. Petroleum Hydrocarbons II. xxix. 205 Hydrocracking produces lower boiling hydro~carbons which have higher octane numbers and lower densities than the parent hydrocarbons.
1970 Adv. Chem. Ser. CIII. vi. 113 When the modern version of hydro~cracking was announced in 1959, capacity was 1000 barrels per day. As the decade ended capacity..was approaching 1,000,000 barrels per day.
Derivatives
ˈhydrocrack v. (transitive) to subject to, or convert by means of, hydrocracking.
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [verb (transitive)] > petroleum processes > hydrocracking
hydrocrack1959
1959 R. J. Hengstebeck Petroleum Processing xii. 274 Any heavy petroleum stock can be hydrocracked.
1970 Adv. Chem. Ser. CIII. vi. 119 The feed is hydro~cracked efficiently to jet fuel with minimum formation of lighter products.
ˈhydrocracked adj. obtained by hydrocracking.
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the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [adjective] > petroleum processes > obtained by hydrocracking
hydrocracked1940
1940 Jrnl. Soc. Chem. Industry Japan (Suppl. binding) 43 363/1 The hydro-cracked gasoline is reputed to be of superior quality.
ˈhydro-cracker n. an apparatus or plant where hydro-cracking is carried out.
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the world > matter > chemistry > equipment or apparatus > [noun] > vessels for specific reactions > other
sublimer1749
still1853
Erlenmeyer flask1886
fluorometer1892
Kjeldahl flask1909
fluidizer1955
hydro-cracker1965
hydrogasifier1966
society > occupation and work > workplace > places for working with specific materials > place for working with oil or gas > [noun] > oil refinery > apparatus for converting to petrol > for breaking it into simpler molecules
cracker1951
hydro-cracker1965
steam cracker1968
1965 Chem. & Engin. News 29 Mar. 32/2 (heading) Gulf adds hydrocracker at Port Arthur refinery.
1970 Adv. Chem. Ser. CIII. vi. 120 The hydrocracker should be operated to give maximum liquid yields.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online September 2018).
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n.1940