hydroxyln.

Brit.

/hʌɪˈdrɒksɪl/,

/hʌɪˈdrɒksʌɪl/, U.S.

/haɪˈdrɑksəl/

Etymology: < hydro- (in hydrogen n.) + -oxy- (in oxygen n.) + -yl suffix, representing Greek ὕλη matter, stuff.

Chemistry.

The monad radical HO or OH, consisting of an atom of hydrogen in combination with an atom of oxygen, which is a constituent of a vast number of chemical compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic groups > [noun] > hydroxyl groups

hydroxyl1869

1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxix. 292 In the foregoing class of primary alcohols the group OH, hydroxyl, is attached to a carbon atom at the end of the chain.

1871 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xiii. 139 One atom of chlorine [is] substituted for the group of atoms OH (termed the radical hydroxyl).

1880 E. Cleminshaw tr. C. A. Wurtz Atomic Theory 263 Hydroxyl does not exist; combined with itself it constitutes hydrogen peroxide.

1890 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) 159 All the oxy-acids and also the hydroxides..contain the group OH (water minus 1 atom of hydrogen); this group may be considered as a monad radical, and has received the name of Hydroxyl.

1896 I. Remsen Introd. Study Compounds of Carbon x. 156 This instability is generally met with in compounds containing two hydroxyls in combination with one carbon atom.

Compounds

C1. attributive, as hydroxyl group.

ΚΠ

1881 Athenæum 26 Feb. 303/1 This author..has thus disproved the conclusion that the two hydroxyl groups had different functions.

1896 Liv. Top. Cycl. I. 412 Gun-cotton..is made from the best white cotton by treatment with nitric acid, three hydroxyl groups being replaced by three NO₃ groups.

C2. in combinations indicating the addition or substitution of the group OH in the compound, as hydroxyl-benzol, hydroxylcarbamide or hydroxylurea.

ΚΠ

1872 H. Watts Dict. Chem. Suppl. VI. 725 Hydroxyl-urea is decomposed by boiling potash-ley, with evolution of ammonia.

1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 12) II. 394 Hydroxylcarbamide or hydroxyl-urea, CH₄N₂O₂,..is prepared by adding a strong solution of potassium cyanate to a solution of hydroxylamine nitrate cooled to -10°.

1893 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 40 818 Hydroxyl-monohydride is simply..common water.

C3.

hydroxyl acid n. = hydroxy-acid.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic acids > [noun] > monobasic acids, named

butyric acid1826

oxaluric acid1838

oxamic acid1855

thebolactic acid1874

chondrosine1886

hydroxyl acid1886

butanoic acid1933

1886 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon (at cited word) Monobasic acids of the series, C_nH_2nO₃, or lactic series..are called hydroxyl acids because they can be simply and easily obtained by replacing the halogen in the mono-substituted fatty acids by hydroxyl.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hydroxyl
释义	hydroxyln. Brit. /hʌɪˈdrɒksɪl/, /hʌɪˈdrɒksʌɪl/, U.S. /haɪˈdrɑksəl/ Etymology: < hydro- (in hydrogen n.) + -oxy- (in oxygen n.) + -yl suffix, representing Greek ὕλη matter, stuff. Chemistry. The monad radical HO or OH, consisting of an atom of hydrogen in combination with an atom of oxygen, which is a constituent of a vast number of chemical compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic groups > [noun] > hydroxyl groups hydroxyl1869 1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxix. 292 In the foregoing class of primary alcohols the group OH, hydroxyl, is attached to a carbon atom at the end of the chain. 1871 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xiii. 139 One atom of chlorine [is] substituted for the group of atoms OH (termed the radical hydroxyl). 1880 E. Cleminshaw tr. C. A. Wurtz Atomic Theory 263 Hydroxyl does not exist; combined with itself it constitutes hydrogen peroxide. 1890 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) 159 All the oxy-acids and also the hydroxides..contain the group OH (water minus 1 atom of hydrogen); this group may be considered as a monad radical, and has received the name of Hydroxyl. 1896 I. Remsen Introd. Study Compounds of Carbon x. 156 This instability is generally met with in compounds containing two hydroxyls in combination with one carbon atom. Compounds C1. attributive, as hydroxyl group. ΚΠ 1881 Athenæum 26 Feb. 303/1 This author..has thus disproved the conclusion that the two hydroxyl groups had different functions. 1896 Liv. Top. Cycl. I. 412 Gun-cotton..is made from the best white cotton by treatment with nitric acid, three hydroxyl groups being replaced by three NO₃ groups. C2. in combinations indicating the addition or substitution of the group OH in the compound, as hydroxyl-benzol, hydroxylcarbamide or hydroxylurea. ΚΠ 1872 H. Watts Dict. Chem. Suppl. VI. 725 Hydroxyl-urea is decomposed by boiling potash-ley, with evolution of ammonia. 1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 12) II. 394 Hydroxylcarbamide or hydroxyl-urea, CH₄N₂O₂,..is prepared by adding a strong solution of potassium cyanate to a solution of hydroxylamine nitrate cooled to -10°. 1893 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 40 818 Hydroxyl-monohydride is simply..common water. C3. hydroxyl acid n. = hydroxy-acid. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic acids > [noun] > monobasic acids, named butyric acid1826 oxaluric acid1838 oxamic acid1855 thebolactic acid1874 chondrosine1886 hydroxyl acid1886 butanoic acid1933 1886 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon (at cited word) Monobasic acids of the series, C_nH_2nO₃, or lactic series..are called hydroxyl acids because they can be simply and easily obtained by replacing the halogen in the mono-substituted fatty acids by hydroxyl. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1869
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