arquebusn.

Brit.

/ˈɑːkwᵻbəs/, U.S.

/ˈɑrk(w)əbəs/

Forms:

α. 1500s arcubush, 1500s arkbussh, 1500s hargabushe, 1500s hargebushe, 1500s harquebushe, 1500s–1600s hargabush, 1500s–1600s hargebush, 1500s–1600s hargubush, 1500s–1600s hargubushe, 1500s–1600s harguebush, 1500s–1600s harguebushe, 1500s–1700s 1900s harquebush.

β. 1500s arcabusses (plural, Scottish), 1500s archabus, 1500s arcubose, 1500s arcubuse, 1500s arkebuse, 1500s–1600s arquebusse, 1500s– arquebuse, 1600s arcabuse, 1600s archibuse, 1600s archibuz, 1600s arcubuse, 1600s arquebuze, 1600s arquebwze, 1600s arquibuze, 1600s– arquebus, 1600s– arquebuss (now rare).

γ. 1500s hargabus, 1500s hargabusse, 1500s hargabuz, 1500s hargebos, 1500s harguebusse, 1500s harkebusses (plural), 1500s harquabuse, 1500s harquabuz (Scottish), 1500s harquebosses (plural), 1500s herquebuz, 1500s–1600s hargabuse, 1500s hargabuze, 1500s hargebuse, 1500s–1600s hargubuz, 1500s–1600s hargubuze, 1500s–1600s hargubuze, 1500s–1600s harguebus, 1500s–1600s harguebuse, 1500s–1600s harguebusse, 1600s harguebuz, 1500s–1600s harguebuze, 1500s–1600s hargwebusse, 1500s–1600s harkaboize, 1500s–1600s harquebus, 1500s–1600s harquebusse, 1500s–1600s harquebuz, 1500s–1600s harquebuze, 1500s– harquebus, 1500s– harquebuse (now rare), 1600s hargebusezes (plural, nonstandard), 1600s harguebusse, 1600s harqueboize, 1600s– harquebuss (now rare).

δ. 1500s hargabusie, 1500s harquebusie, 1500s–1600s harquebuzie.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French harquebuse, arquebuse.

Etymology: < Middle French harquebuse, arquebuse, harquebuche, harquebuz (1478; French arquebuse ; compare the slightly earlier forms cited at hackbush n. and hackbut n.), an alteration of haquebuse , haquebusche hackbush n., after Middle French arc bow (the missile weapon) (see arc n.) and probably also arcbalestre , arbaleste crossbow (see arbalest n.). Compare earlier hackbush n. and also hackbut n.In the δ. forms probably after Middle French hacquebusie (1475), another variant or alteration of haquebuse hackbush n. (perhaps ultimately reflecting an unattested diminutive of the underlying Dutch etymon; compare Dutch -je -y suffix⁶). Compare ( < French) Catalan arcabús (a1539 or earlier), Spanish arcabuz (c1527), Portuguese arcabuz (1528), Italian archibugio (a1492 as archibuso ), and also early modern Dutch arckebuyse (1599 in Kiliaan), German Arkebuse (1617 as arquebuse ). Compare also post-classical Latin arcus busius (c1500 with reference to Italy, or earlier), reflecting similar folk-etymological association with the word for ‘bow’ (see arc n.) in Italian.

1. Originally: a portable firearm with a hook under the barrel used to support the gun against a parapet or other fixed object (in later use distinguished as arquebus à croc n.). Later more generally: a portable firearm of varying size and weight, esp. one supported when in use on a tripod, forked rest, etc. Now historical. W. Boeheim Handbuch der Waffenkunde (1890), states that the hook of the original hakenbüchse was intended to be secured to a wall or other fixed object, partly to support the weight of the barrel and partly to diminish the recoil.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > arquebus or hackbut

hackbush1484

hackbut1531

arquebus1532

hackbut of crochet1533

hackbut of croc1543

bowse1556

hackbusher1556

harquebut1562

arquebuserc1570

arquebus à croc1572

monk's gun1846

monk's arquebus1870

α.

1532 T. Elyot Let. 14 Mar. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxx Arkbusshes and crossebowes, I thowght theim innumerable.

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. X.ii^v The hargabushe..dims the ayre with misty smokes.

1625 G. Markham Souldiers Accidence 5 If you haue Harquebushes (which are now out of vse with vs).

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. vii. 153/1 Wounds..either with Arrows, or with the Harquebush, or Gun-shot.

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 84 A Harquebush, or short Musket, with Cartouches, Powder and Ball.

1907 Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 1906–07 B. 26 157 20 musquets, fowling-pieces, callivers, and a harquebush.

β. 1534 W. Pepwell Let. to Henry VIII 26 Dec. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 64 They do ocupy her now moost part Arcubosys, wiche gyvythe doble the strok of a hand gon.1579 C. Hatton True Rep. Gratious & Mercifull Message of hir Maiestie sig. A.iij^v Discharged his Arquebuse, strongly charged with bullet.1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 982 In battell they vse the arcubuse and scimitar.1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France 649 The Mareschal de Strozzi was slain in the Trenches by the shot of a great Arquebuse.1726 C. Brockwell Nat. & Polit. Hist. Portugal 75 The King (Sebastian) was first wounded in his right Arm, with an Arquebuss.1793 Northern Star (Belfast) 22 May We seized from the French a great number of Mentz arquebusses, which carry to a very great distance.1813 Ld. Byron Giaour 13 Each arm'd as best becomes a man With arquebuss and ataghan.a1864 N. Hawthorne Septimius Felton (1872) 23 The heavy arquebuse.1906 United Service Mag. June 335 The musket was superseding the arquebus on the Continent.1968 P. Warner Sieges of Middle Ages ii. 39 In the sixteenth century, the bow could still outdistance the arquebus by 100 yards.2009 Santa Fe New Mexican 18 Oct. c10/6 Bows and arrows were no competition to arquebuses and canons.γ. 1554 J. Proctor Hist. Wyates Rebellion sig. B.i Companies of ten, foure and vi. with harnes, harquebusses and morrians with match light.1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons C j b Caliuers..being of a greater length and heighth of bullet, and more ranforced than Harquebuzes.1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre i. ix. 33 Harquebusses I cannot allow in this place, because they are grown out of vse, and can by no means make their encounter good where the Musquet is opposed against them.1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xi. Pref. 406 Harquebuse, a word..borrowed from the Italians, by reason of the touch-hole by which you give fire to the peice.1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea III. xvi. 104 A kind of harquebuses, which carry a handful of musquet balls.1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iv. xxvi. 117 Level each harquebuss on row; Draw, merry archers, draw the bow.1871 C. M. Yonge Cameos cv, in Monthly Packet Apr. 349 The men who knew how to use harquebuses and morris-pikes.1917 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 11 156 Roberval had under him three hundred fighting men armed with harquebuses.1987 T. C. Boyle World's End (1988) i. xviii. 236 He crossed the room in two great strides and lifted the harquebus down from the wall.2011 Guardian (Nexis) 26 July 17 He [sc. Cervantes] received a blast from a harquebus in the chest.δ. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. i. f. 89^v As soone as they harde the noyse of the hargabusies, they beleued that owre menne caryed thunder and lyghtenynge about with them.1602 W. Segar Honor Mil. & Civill i. xiii. 16 If a souldier without lawfull excuse did goe from the Watch,..he should be iudged to passe the Pikes, or Harquebuzies, according to that kinde of weapon wherewith he serued.1680 E. Clark Protestant School-master 124 He was shot by a Harquebuzie, the Bullet taking off the fore-finger of his right-hand.

†2. In plural: soldiers armed with arquebuses. Also in singular as a collective noun. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > one bearing or using handgun > harquebus > collectively

arquebus?1591

?1591 T. Coningsby Jrnl. Siege Rouen (Bodl.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1902) 17 533 Certaine harquebuz within would not open the gates, and ours would needes force them.

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. E2 Maine squares of pikes, millions of harguebush.

1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall iv. sig. H3^v Yongster Brogen foh with fourscore hargubush.

1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. ii. ii. 59 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) There is also another Aga or Captain of the City, who commands three hundred Harquebuzes.

?1794 E. Ledwich Grose's Antiq. Ireland I. Introd. p. xxxiv One captain at four shillings, a petit captain two shillings, a hundred harquebusses, half at eight pence, and half at nine pence.

1806 B. Lambert Hist. & Surv. London & Environs I. xxviii. 556 Four hundred harquebusses, in coats of mail and helmets, and two hundred halberdiers.

Compounds

General attributive, as arquebus man, arquebus powder, arquebus shot, etc.

ΚΠ

1561 tr. A. Buonaccorsi Newes from Pera This armure is so wel tempered and wrought that it kepeth out alance and harquebuse-shotte.

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 134 600 quintals of hargubuze powder.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 422 To cure a wound made with harquebush-shot.

1610 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 2) 1190 Grasold, Generall of the Italians, there slaine with an harquebuse shot.

1756 A. P. Goddard tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Italy IX. xviii. 231 Wounded with a Harquebus-Shot.

1844 United Service Mag. Sept. 111 Siege-powder for guns of heavy calibre, arquebus-powder, and pistol-powder.

1851 Reynolds's Newspaper 28 July 5/3 The harquebus men leading the way.

1906 United Service Mag. June 333 Steel thick enough to resist an arquebus-bullet.

1962 F. M. Keesing Ethnohistory N. Luzon iv. 96 They were driven off by arquebus fire.

2003 J. Faunce Lucrezia Borgia v. 123 I tasted harquebus smoke.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	arquebus
释义	arquebusn. Brit. /ˈɑːkwᵻbəs/, U.S. /ˈɑrk(w)əbəs/ Forms: α. 1500s arcubush, 1500s arkbussh, 1500s hargabushe, 1500s hargebushe, 1500s harquebushe, 1500s–1600s hargabush, 1500s–1600s hargebush, 1500s–1600s hargubush, 1500s–1600s hargubushe, 1500s–1600s harguebush, 1500s–1600s harguebushe, 1500s–1700s 1900s harquebush. β. 1500s arcabusses (plural, Scottish), 1500s archabus, 1500s arcubose, 1500s arcubuse, 1500s arkebuse, 1500s–1600s arquebusse, 1500s– arquebuse, 1600s arcabuse, 1600s archibuse, 1600s archibuz, 1600s arcubuse, 1600s arquebuze, 1600s arquebwze, 1600s arquibuze, 1600s– arquebus, 1600s– arquebuss (now rare). γ. 1500s hargabus, 1500s hargabusse, 1500s hargabuz, 1500s hargebos, 1500s harguebusse, 1500s harkebusses (plural), 1500s harquabuse, 1500s harquabuz (Scottish), 1500s harquebosses (plural), 1500s herquebuz, 1500s–1600s hargabuse, 1500s hargabuze, 1500s hargebuse, 1500s–1600s hargubuz, 1500s–1600s hargubuze, 1500s–1600s hargubuze, 1500s–1600s harguebus, 1500s–1600s harguebuse, 1500s–1600s harguebusse, 1600s harguebuz, 1500s–1600s harguebuze, 1500s–1600s hargwebusse, 1500s–1600s harkaboize, 1500s–1600s harquebus, 1500s–1600s harquebusse, 1500s–1600s harquebuz, 1500s–1600s harquebuze, 1500s– harquebus, 1500s– harquebuse (now rare), 1600s hargebusezes (plural, nonstandard), 1600s harguebusse, 1600s harqueboize, 1600s– harquebuss (now rare). δ. 1500s hargabusie, 1500s harquebusie, 1500s–1600s harquebuzie. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French harquebuse, arquebuse. Etymology: < Middle French harquebuse, arquebuse, harquebuche, harquebuz (1478; French arquebuse ; compare the slightly earlier forms cited at hackbush n. and hackbut n.), an alteration of haquebuse , haquebusche hackbush n., after Middle French arc bow (the missile weapon) (see arc n.) and probably also arcbalestre , arbaleste crossbow (see arbalest n.). Compare earlier hackbush n. and also hackbut n.In the δ. forms probably after Middle French hacquebusie (1475), another variant or alteration of haquebuse hackbush n. (perhaps ultimately reflecting an unattested diminutive of the underlying Dutch etymon; compare Dutch -je -y suffix⁶). Compare ( < French) Catalan arcabús (a1539 or earlier), Spanish arcabuz (c1527), Portuguese arcabuz (1528), Italian archibugio (a1492 as archibuso ), and also early modern Dutch arckebuyse (1599 in Kiliaan), German Arkebuse (1617 as arquebuse ). Compare also post-classical Latin arcus busius (c1500 with reference to Italy, or earlier), reflecting similar folk-etymological association with the word for ‘bow’ (see arc n.) in Italian. 1. Originally: a portable firearm with a hook under the barrel used to support the gun against a parapet or other fixed object (in later use distinguished as arquebus à croc n.). Later more generally: a portable firearm of varying size and weight, esp. one supported when in use on a tripod, forked rest, etc. Now historical. W. Boeheim Handbuch der Waffenkunde (1890), states that the hook of the original hakenbüchse was intended to be secured to a wall or other fixed object, partly to support the weight of the barrel and partly to diminish the recoil. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > arquebus or hackbut hackbush1484 hackbut1531 arquebus1532 hackbut of crochet1533 hackbut of croc1543 bowse1556 hackbusher1556 harquebut1562 arquebuserc1570 arquebus à croc1572 monk's gun1846 monk's arquebus1870 α. 1532 T. Elyot Let. 14 Mar. in Bk. named Gouernour (1880) I. Introd. p. lxxx Arkbusshes and crossebowes, I thowght theim innumerable. 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. X.ii^v The hargabushe..dims the ayre with misty smokes. 1625 G. Markham Souldiers Accidence 5 If you haue Harquebushes (which are now out of vse with vs). 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. vii. 153/1 Wounds..either with Arrows, or with the Harquebush, or Gun-shot. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 84 A Harquebush, or short Musket, with Cartouches, Powder and Ball. 1907 Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 1906–07 B. 26 157 20 musquets, fowling-pieces, callivers, and a harquebush. β. 1534 W. Pepwell Let. to Henry VIII 26 Dec. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 64 They do ocupy her now moost part Arcubosys, wiche gyvythe doble the strok of a hand gon.1579 C. Hatton True Rep. Gratious & Mercifull Message of hir Maiestie sig. A.iij^v Discharged his Arquebuse, strongly charged with bullet.1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 982 In battell they vse the arcubuse and scimitar.1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France 649 The Mareschal de Strozzi was slain in the Trenches by the shot of a great Arquebuse.1726 C. Brockwell Nat. & Polit. Hist. Portugal 75 The King (Sebastian) was first wounded in his right Arm, with an Arquebuss.1793 Northern Star (Belfast) 22 May We seized from the French a great number of Mentz arquebusses, which carry to a very great distance.1813 Ld. Byron Giaour 13 Each arm'd as best becomes a man With arquebuss and ataghan.a1864 N. Hawthorne Septimius Felton (1872) 23 The heavy arquebuse.1906 United Service Mag. June 335 The musket was superseding the arquebus on the Continent.1968 P. Warner Sieges of Middle Ages ii. 39 In the sixteenth century, the bow could still outdistance the arquebus by 100 yards.2009 Santa Fe New Mexican 18 Oct. c10/6 Bows and arrows were no competition to arquebuses and canons.γ. 1554 J. Proctor Hist. Wyates Rebellion sig. B.i Companies of ten, foure and vi. with harnes, harquebusses and morrians with match light.1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons C j b Caliuers..being of a greater length and heighth of bullet, and more ranforced than Harquebuzes.1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre i. ix. 33 Harquebusses I cannot allow in this place, because they are grown out of vse, and can by no means make their encounter good where the Musquet is opposed against them.1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xi. Pref. 406 Harquebuse, a word..borrowed from the Italians, by reason of the touch-hole by which you give fire to the peice.1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea III. xvi. 104 A kind of harquebuses, which carry a handful of musquet balls.1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iv. xxvi. 117 Level each harquebuss on row; Draw, merry archers, draw the bow.1871 C. M. Yonge Cameos cv, in Monthly Packet Apr. 349 The men who knew how to use harquebuses and morris-pikes.1917 Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 11 156 Roberval had under him three hundred fighting men armed with harquebuses.1987 T. C. Boyle World's End (1988) i. xviii. 236 He crossed the room in two great strides and lifted the harquebus down from the wall.2011 Guardian (Nexis) 26 July 17 He [sc. Cervantes] received a blast from a harquebus in the chest.δ. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. i. f. 89^v As soone as they harde the noyse of the hargabusies, they beleued that owre menne caryed thunder and lyghtenynge about with them.1602 W. Segar Honor Mil. & Civill i. xiii. 16 If a souldier without lawfull excuse did goe from the Watch,..he should be iudged to passe the Pikes, or Harquebuzies, according to that kinde of weapon wherewith he serued.1680 E. Clark Protestant School-master 124 He was shot by a Harquebuzie, the Bullet taking off the fore-finger of his right-hand. †2. In plural: soldiers armed with arquebuses. Also in singular as a collective noun. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > one bearing or using handgun > harquebus > collectively arquebus?1591 ?1591 T. Coningsby Jrnl. Siege Rouen (Bodl.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1902) 17 533 Certaine harquebuz within would not open the gates, and ours would needes force them. 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. E2 Maine squares of pikes, millions of harguebush. 1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall iv. sig. H3^v Yongster Brogen foh with fourscore hargubush. 1677 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Persian Trav. ii. ii. 59 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. (1678) There is also another Aga or Captain of the City, who commands three hundred Harquebuzes. ?1794 E. Ledwich Grose's Antiq. Ireland I. Introd. p. xxxiv One captain at four shillings, a petit captain two shillings, a hundred harquebusses, half at eight pence, and half at nine pence. 1806 B. Lambert Hist. & Surv. London & Environs I. xxviii. 556 Four hundred harquebusses, in coats of mail and helmets, and two hundred halberdiers. Compounds General attributive, as arquebus man, arquebus powder, arquebus shot, etc. ΚΠ 1561 tr. A. Buonaccorsi Newes from Pera This armure is so wel tempered and wrought that it kepeth out alance and harquebuse-shotte. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres v. 134 600 quintals of hargubuze powder. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 422 To cure a wound made with harquebush-shot. 1610 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes (ed. 2) 1190 Grasold, Generall of the Italians, there slaine with an harquebuse shot. 1756 A. P. Goddard tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Italy IX. xviii. 231 Wounded with a Harquebus-Shot. 1844 United Service Mag. Sept. 111 Siege-powder for guns of heavy calibre, arquebus-powder, and pistol-powder. 1851 Reynolds's Newspaper 28 July 5/3 The harquebus men leading the way. 1906 United Service Mag. June 333 Steel thick enough to resist an arquebus-bullet. 1962 F. M. Keesing Ethnohistory N. Luzon iv. 96 They were driven off by arquebus fire. 2003 J. Faunce Lucrezia Borgia v. 123 I tasted harquebus smoke. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). arquebusv. Brit. /ˈɑːkwᵻbəs/, U.S. /ˈɑrk(w)əbəs/ Forms: see arquebus n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion; originally modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: arquebus n. Etymology: < arquebus n., originally after Middle French, French arquebuser (1573; compare earlier harquebutter (1516)).Compare Catalan arcabussejar, Spanish arcabucear, Portuguese arcabuzar (all 17th cent.), Italian archibugiare (1543). Compare also German arkebusieren, usually with reference to a form of capital punishment (1590 as archibusiren). Now rare (historical in later use). transitive. To shoot (a person) with an arquebus. Frequently in passive. ΚΠ 1598 tr. J. de Serres Hist. Coll. 164 Their throates cut like sheep, drawne through the streetes, and then harquebused [Fr. harquebuzez]. 1602 tr. Short Rep. Iourney Brabant 3 Two Scottish souldiers..were forthwith by Martiall discipline harquebushed. 1869 Belgravia Dec. 264 The relations of the executed Casacolli, having lured one of Theodore's generals into a deserted part of the country, had there ‘arquebussed’ him. 2001 M. J. Petry tr. C. von Linné Nemesis Divina ii. iii. iii. 143 Condemned to be harquebussed for murder in Turkey. Derivatives † arquebussing adj. Obsolete rare that shoots like an arquebus. ΚΠ 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xxvi. 217 My Harcabuzing Cod [Fr. couillon hacquebutant], and Buttock-stirring Ballock, Fryar Ihon, my Friend. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1532v.1598
随便看	unrevested unreviewable unreviewed unreviled unrevisable unrevised unrevivable unrevived unrevocable unrevocably unrevoked unrevolutionary unrevolutionized unrevolved unrevolving unrewardable unrewarded unrewardedly unrewarding unrewardingly unrhetorical unrhymed unrhymedder unrhymeddest unrhymeder

arquebusn.

Compounds

arquebusv.

Derivatives