idoln.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪdl/, U.S.

/ˈaɪd(ə)l/

Forms: α. Middle English ydele, idele, Middle English idel. β. Middle English–1500s ydol(e, Middle English–1500s ydoll, Middle English–1600s idoll, 1500s idole, Middle English– idol.

Etymology: Middle English < Old French id(e)le, and idole, < late Latin īdōlum (also īdŏlum in Prudentius c400, Sedulius c470), image, form, spectre, apparition, in ecclesiastical use ‘idol’, < Greek εἴδωλον image, phantom, idea, fancy, likeness, in the Septuagint ‘idol’, < εἶδος form, shape. The early Old French idele, idle (11th cent.), represent the Latin ˈīdŏlum, the accentuation following that of the Greek. The current French idole was adapted in 13th cent. from Latin īdōlum.

The order of appearance of the senses in English does not correspond to their original development in Greek, where the sequence was apparently: ‘appearance, phantom, unsubstantial form, image in water or a mirror, mental image, fancy, material image or statue’, and finally, in Jewish and Christian use, ‘image of a false god’. In English this last was, under religious influence, the earliest, and in Middle English the only sense; hence (as also in French) came sense 2. These are the only popular uses of the word. The other uses are 16th c. adoptions of earlier Greek senses, often however coloured by association with sense 1.

I. From Jewish and Christian use.

a. An image or similitude of a deity or divinity, used as an object of worship: applied to those worshipped by pagans, whence, in scriptural language, = false god, a fictitious divinity which ‘is nothing in the world’ (1 Corinthians viii. 4).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > idol

godeOE

anlikenessOE

stockc1000

mammetc1225

Mahometc1275

Mahoundc1275

idola1325

simulacre1382

marmoseta1398

mammetrya1400

puppet1534

poppet?1548

block1570

Dagona1572

pagoda1582

pagody1588

Mokisso1634

poppet deitya1641

pageant idol1696

pageant thing1696

afgod1769

cult figure1895

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > quality of inspiring reverence > [noun] > object

relic?c1225

relica1400

shrinec1460

idol1484

icon1833

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1871 Godes ðat rachel hadde stolen..And oðre ydeles brogt fro sichem.

1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 754 For ȝour ydil idolus don ȝou ille wirche.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. viii. 4 We witen for an ydol is no thing in the world, and that ther is no God but oon.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11759 Al þair idels in a stund Grouelings fel vnto þe grund.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Wisd. xiv. 8 But the idol [1382 maumet] which is maad bi hond is cursid, bothe it, and he that made it.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope vi A man whiche had in his hows an ydolle the whiche oftyme he adoured as his god.

1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Cvj Y^e priestes which serue y^e Idols, are had in chiefe reuerence.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. i. 6 Some are Gentiles which worship Idols; others of the sect of Mahumet.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlv. 359 But the name of Idoll is extended yet further in Scripture, to signifie also the Sunne, or a Starre, or any other Creature, visible or invisible, when they are worshipped for Gods.

1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. i. 28 Their dumb Idols, whom they called by the Name of the Holy Gods.

1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iv. 195 Idol is Eidolon, a thing seen, a symbol. It is not God, but a Symbol of God; and perhaps one many question whether any the most benighted mortal ever took it for more than a Symbol.

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 51 To say that it was made, was to deny that it was God. Hence the prophets so often urge this special proof of the vanity of idols.

b. Applied polemically to images or figures of divine beings and saints, and, more generally, to any material object of worship in a Christian church.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > idol > material object of worship in Christian church

idol?1542

?1542 H. Brinkelow Complaynt Roderyck Mors xxiv. sig. G4 [He] set vp in the same place another idol of .S. Iohan baptyst.

1554 T. Sampson in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. xviii. 47 Out of this mischievous idol the mass.

1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 44 One Rood with Marie and John and the rest of such Idolles was brent.

1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 45 Item an Idoll of all halowes—cut in peces by Mr. william ffearnes a year past.

1598 J. Dickenson Greene in Conceipt 22 Like to Idols, lay-mens bookes.

1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. i. vi. 56 The famous Kentish Idol moued her eies, and hands, by those secret gimmers, which now euery Puppet-play can imitate.

1630 (title) The Great Idol of the Mass overthrown; a Sermon..By a Protestant.

1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. II. iv. 46 These various impostures were exposed at St. Paul's whither also were brought other idols from all parts of the country.

†c. A representation of a deity under some monstrous and non-natural form. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > idol > in monstrous or non-natural form

idolc1400

grove1535

c1400 Mandeville Trav. (1839) xv. 164 Summe worschipen symulacres and summe ydoles. But betwene Symulacres and ydoles is a gret difference. For symulacres ben ymages made after lyknesse of men or of wommen, or of the sonne, or of the mone, or of ony best, or of ony kyndely thing. And ydoles is an ymage made of lewed wille of man, þat man may not fynden among kyndely thinges. As an ymage þat hath iiij hedes, on of a man, another of an hors, or of an ox, or of sum oþer best þat no man hath seyn.

2. figurative. Any thing or person that is the object of excessive or supreme devotion, or that usurps the place of God in human affection.

a. A thing.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > [noun] > one who loves too much > object of excessive or supreme devotion

goddessa1450

idol1562

1557 Bible (Whittingham) 1 John v. 21 Babes kepe your selues from idoles.]

1562 A. Scott Poems (1896) i. 119 In sum hartis is gravit new agane Ane image, callit cuvatyce of geir; Now, to expell þat idoll..God gif þe grace.

1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 351 It is only to save their purses that mettle, whereof they make their Idoll.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Idol,..any Object of one's Fondness.

1737 S. Berington Mem. G. di Lucca 5 Money, the Idol of other People, was the least of his Care.

1771 H. Mackenzie Man of Feeling xxviii. 111 His darling idol was the honour of a soldier.

1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) II. xxii. 286 He tells him that space is now the idol of Englishmen.

b. A person so adored.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > [noun] > person or thing regarded with

dotage1609

idola1616

doting piece1733

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. iv. 142 Pro. Was this the Idoll, that you worship so? Val. Euen She.

1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 270 Whom shee openly cals her servant, and makes of him her Idoll.

1797 E. Burke Corr. IV. 433 They who make a man an idol, when he is off his pedestal will treat him with all the contempt with which blind and angry worshippers treat an idol that is fallen.

1819 W. Irving Sketch Bk. i. 46 How can she bear neglect? she has been the idol of society.

1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. lii. 266 A hero who was the idol of his army.

II. From classical Greek (and Latin) use.

†3.

a. An image, effigy, or figure of a person or thing; esp. a statue. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue

likenessOE

imagec1225

figurea1300

signa1382

statuea1393

staturea1393

statutea1393

statutec1430

statuac1450

picture1517

idol1548

portraiture1548

pattern1582

portrait1585

icon1587

monument1594

simulacrum1599

statuary1599

plastic1686

make1890

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxv The citezens of Orleaunce, had buylded in the honor of her, an Image or an Idole.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 28 He rash charged with launce thee mystical idol.

1591 E. Spenser Ruines of Rome in Complaints v Her brave writings..In spight of time..Doo make her Idole through the world appeare.

1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence iii. 72 His Idol was after his death honored prayed and sacrifysed vnto.

†b. A counterpart, likeness, imitation; = image n. 4, 7b Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > image of a person or thing

print1340

imagec1384

similitude?a1425

picturec1475

similitudeness1547

portrait1567

idol1590

model1594

self-imagea1672

duplicate1701

moral1751

ditto1776

fetch1787

double1798

fetch-like1841

splitting image1880

spitting image1901

spit1929

split-image1950

clone1977

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > an imitation

resemblant1484

patterna1500

counterfeiture1548

counterfeit1587

idol1590

reduplication1592

copy1596

module1608

imitationa1616

mockage1615

echo1622

conduplicationa1631

transcript1646

ectype1647

mime1650

duplicating1659

mimicry1688

replication1692

shadow1693

reproduction1701

mimication?1715

repetition1774

replicate1821

autotype1829

replica1841

re-creation1915

retake1922

mock-up1957

reprise1961

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ii. sig. O5^v Men..Doe her adore..As th'Idole of her makers great magnificence.

a1634 G. Chapman Bussy D'Ambois (1641) iv. i. 45 So women..Are the most perfect Idols [1607 images] of the Moone.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 101 Th' Apostat in his Sun-bright Chariot sate Idol of Majestie Divine.

†c. Aspect, appearance, likeness; = image n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] > shape or form

hue971

shapea1300

featurec1325

appearancec1385

portraiturec1450

facturec1460

idol1584

stampa1586

apparition1610

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xv. ii. 390 Orobas..commeth foorth like a horsse, but when he putteth on him a mans idol, he talketh of diuine vertue.

†4. An inert inactive person (who has the form, without the proper activity or energy, of a man). = French idole, but in English naturally associated with idle = idler n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > sloth or laziness > [noun] > lazy person > an idler or loafer

lurdanc1330

player1340

moochera1425

loon?c1450

lounger?a1513

idler1534

rest man1542

holiday-woman1548

baty bummill1568

bummill baty1568

friar-fly?1577

idol1579

lingerer1579

loll1582

idleby1589

shit-rags1598

blaitie bum1602

idle1635

Lollard1635

loiterer1684

saunterer1688

scobberlotchera1697

bumble1786

quisby1789

waffler1805

shoat1808

loafer1830

bummer1855

dead beat1863

bum1864

scowbanker1864

schnorrer1875

scowbank1881

ikey1906

layabout1932

lie-about1937

spine-basher1946

limer1964

1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 238/1 It is not an honour of idlenesse, to bee called to this state, and therfore that he must not play the idoll, but..must giue himselfe to it..and take paines about it.

5. A visible but unsubstantial appearance, an image caused by reflexion as in a mirror, an incorporeal phantom.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > reflection > [noun] > reproducing an image > image produced by

imagec1350

umberc1407

idol1563

reflection1563

reflex1596

shadow-light1623

species1638

repercussion1646

reflect1829

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > optical illusion > [noun] > an optical illusion > vision or apparition

visionc1290

fantasyc1325

imagec1350

figurec1384

beholdingc1440

semblance1489

idol1563

ghost1593

fancy1609

species1639

spectrala1656

spectre1801

eidolon1828

1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 41^v Men haue seen..two sonnes..They are nothing els but Idols, or Images of the sunne, represented in an equall..watry cloude.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxiii. 94 I see we have a soul In th' underdwellings, and a kind of man-resembling idol.

1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads (1677) 344 In hell there souls are, though they have no hearts, But idols only are, and forms of men.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 784 By the Idol of the Soul Plotinus seems to mean, an Airy or Spirituous Body.

a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. J. W. von Goethe Scenes from Faust in Posthumous Poems (1824) 414 It is an enchanted phantom, A lifeless idol.

1886 R. L. Stevenson Strange Case Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde 114 I looked upon that ugly idol [sc. his image] in the glass.

a. A mental fiction; a phantasy or fancy.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > [noun] > imaginary form, fiction

fantasy1362

figurec1384

feigning1388

idol1577

idea1593

nonentity1604

figment1624

spectre1708

1577 T. Vautrollier tr. M. Luther Comm. Epist. to Galathians (new ed.) f. 123 In their heart they stablish, not the righteousnes of the lawe..but a mere fantasie and an Idoll of the lawe.

1684 tr. H. C. Agrippa Vanity Arts & Sci. (new ed.) 335 They frame to themselves..so many Idols and Phantomes of their own Imaginations about divine things.

1899 G. G. Findlay in Expositor Feb. 94 They hold and grasp the very God in Christ, and are no longer mocked with vain idols and phantoms of blessedness.

b. Logic. A false mental image or conception; a false or misleading notion; a fallacy; = idolum n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > faint, imperfect idea > [noun] > false

idolum1640

idolism1671

idol1678

fiction1828

pseudo-idea1863

pseudo-concept1866

1620 F. Bacon Instauratio Magna i. xxxix Quatuor sunt genera Idolorum quæ mentes humanas obsedent. Iis (docendi gratiâ) nomina imposuimus; vt primum genus, Idola Tribûs; secundum, Idola specûs; tertium, Idola Fori; quartum, Idola Theatri vocentur.]

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 884 But this is a meer Idolum Specus, an Idol of the Cave or Den.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 886 This is but another Idol of the Atheists Den.

1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon Novum Organum i. ii, in Philos. Wks. II. 351 There are four Kinds of Idols that possess the Mind of Man... We will..call the first Kind, Idols of the Tribe; the second, Idols of the Den; the third, Idols of the Market; and the fourth, Idols of the Theatre.

1785 T. Reid Ess. Intellect. Powers vi. viii. 652 To every bias of the understanding, by which a man may be misled in judging, or drawn into error, Lord Bacon gives the name of idol.

1877 E. R. Conder Basis of Faith ii. 81 Impenetrability, so confidently assumed as a self-evident primary property of matter..is seen to be an idol of our imagination.

†7. A fictitious personation; a counterfeit, sham; a pretender. (By Spenser used of a magic counterfeit.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > [noun] > one who or that which dissembles

feigner1382

pseudo1402

simular1526

simuler1534

colourer1554

counterfeiter1561

truphane1568

counterfeit1574

put-forth1581

pretender1583

impostor1586

idol1590

would-be1607

phantasm1622

farce1696

imposture1699

Barmecide1713

simulator1835

fraud1850

sham1850

fake1855

swindle1858

shammer1861

make-believe1863

hoax1869

economizer1874

make-believer1884

ringer1896

phoney1902

faker1910

shill1976

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. viii. sig. Kk3 To walke the woodes with that his Idole faire.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xx. 732/1 Shee well knew that this Lambert was but an Idoll, hammered out of the hote braine of that Boutefew Richard Simon, yet she embraceth the occasion, countenanceth the Imposture.

1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 63 Those two Idolles or counterfets which were set vp against him in the beginning of his raign.

1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 29 He knew the pretended Plantagenet to be but an Idoll.

1660 T. Fuller Mixt Contempl. ii. xli. 60 King Hen. the seventh was much troubled..with Idols..pittifull Persons, who pretended themselves Princes.

†8. The phrase idol shepherd used in Zechariah xi. 17 in Geneva Bible and 1611 (where the Vulgate has O pastor et idolum, the Septuagint οἱ ποιμαίνοντες τὰ μάταια, and the Revised Version of 1885 ‘worthless shepherd’), was frequently used in 17th cent. polemics, sometimes with allusion to idolatry, sometimes with idol taken as = ‘counterfeit’ or ‘sham’ (sense 7), sometimes associated with idle (see sense 4), and so ‘neglectful of duty’. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > neglect > one who neglects

neglecter1548

idol shepherd1560

neglector1607

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > pastor > [noun] > sham or neglectful of duty

idol shepherd1560

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Zech. xi. 17 O Idols shepherde, that leaueth the flocke.]

1560 Bible (Geneva) Zech. xi. 17 O idole shepherd that leaueth the flocke.

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. iii. 60 Woe therefore to the idle and Idol pastor.

1590 H. Barrow in H. Barrow & J. Greenwood Coll. Certain Lett. & Conf. iii. 55 We are ledd vnto Idoles when we are ledd vnto such Ministers as you, which..are Idole Shepherds and Ministers.

1611 Bible (King James) Zech. xi. 17 Woe to the idoll shepheard that leaueth the flocke.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus ii. 1 All idle, and idoll, Ministers that thrust themselues in for Pastors, and can onely feed themselues.

1634 J. Canne Necessitie of Separation ii. 110 Reading of Homilies in the church..is said to be..but the instrument of foolish and idoll sheapheards.

Compounds

C1. attributive (without hyphen).Often not distinguishable from the combinations in sense Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

c1585 R. Browne Answere to Cartwright 33 He will haue..an Idol christ to be the life of the church.

c1585 R. Browne Answere to Cartwright 34 What remaineth but an Idol or counterfet christ?

a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods ii. viii. 22 in Wks. (1640) III Nay I will not let you sit 'Fore your Idoll Glasse a whit.

1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xviii. 124 Placing there their Idoll Saints and Images.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 131 Besides, not Egypt, India..more With servile Awe, their Idol King adore.

1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. lxvii. 63 What idol shapes are on the wall pourtray'd.

1854 Proc. Soc. Antiq. 3 51 William Sells..exhibited..three sketches of an Idol Figure of Mexican appearance.

C2.

a. General attributive. Of an idol, of idols.

idol-altar n.

ΚΠ

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. i. 54 They..builded idole altars throughout the cities of Iuda.

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 572 The dust of the idol-altars was cast into the brook Kedron.

idol-chapel n.

ΚΠ

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 41 Each idol-chapel..which they had multiplied to their idols.

idol-chariot n.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (1864) 142 They haue those Idol-chariots, like vnto Towers, to the drawing whereof, many thousands of deuout persons put their helping-hand.

idol-clergy n.

ΚΠ

1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 119 Baal's idol Clergie hee [sc. Jehu] doth bring to naught.

idol-dwelling n.

ΚΠ

1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III xci. 50 Idol-dwellings, Goth or Greek.

idol-figure n.

ΚΠ

1822 S. Burder Oriental Customs (ed. 6) II. 103 The statue of Thammuz, according to the Rabbins, was a kind of talisman. It must have been an early idol figure.

idol-form n.

ΚΠ

1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. xliv. 175 An idol form of earthly gold.

idol-graith n.

idol-house n.

ΚΠ

1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. III. v. vii. sig. Oooo.iij/2 To sacrifice at the altars of their Gods in idol-houses, y^t is to say, in their idol temples.

1882 Archaeologia Cantiana 14 103 A temple or idol-house where King Ethelbert according to the rites of his tribe was wont to pray.

idol-priest n.

ΚΠ

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 187 Truly these Idoll Priests are in such great esteeme among them.

1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra iii. xxi. 174 He became an Idol-Priest in Thessalonica.

idol-procession n.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (1864) 140 Sir Iohn Mandeuile reporteth the same Historie of their Idoll-Procession, and the ashes of those voluntary Martyrs.

idol-prophet n.

ΚΠ

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. v. §2 He that prophesied in the name of an Idol..this was the Idol-Prophet.

idol-room n.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 444 In the entries of their houses they have an Idol-roome, where they Incense these Deities morning and evening.

idol-sanctuary n.

ΚΠ

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 150 That God would desolate the idol-sanctuaries of Israel.

idol-service n.

ΚΠ

1568 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) lii. 525 Whether..a godly man may be at idol-service with his body, his heart being with God.

idol-shrine n.

ΚΠ

a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Richard II cclxxvii, in Poems (1878) III. 206 This Idol-shrine..can boast of greater things Then many Temples famed.

idol-throne n.

b. Pertaining to or connected with idols or idol-worship, idolatrous.

idol-devotion n.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (1864) 136 Which [sacrifices] in Idoll-deuotion were all bestowed after on the poore.

idol-enjoyment n.

ΚΠ

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 554 God would wring his idol-sacrifices and idol-enjoyments from him.

idol-feast n.

ΚΠ

a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) xxx. 95 Such Wakes, and Idol-Feasts.

idol-fire n.

ΚΠ

1842 Ld. Tennyson Love thou thy Land in Poems (new ed.) I. 227 A wind to puff your idol-fires, And heap their ashes on the head.

idol-folly n.

idol-hope n.

ΚΠ

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 193 Bethel, the centre of their idol-hopes.

idol-hymn n.

ΚΠ

1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. xxvii. 107 What seem'd an idol hymn, now breathes of thee.

idol-ocean n.

ΚΠ

1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 91 A hundred Prophets..Resist their rage, and from sad drowning keep The wracked planks on th' Idol-Ocean deep.

idol-offering n.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 65 Their Priests collusions to make gaines of the Idol-offerings.

idol-pressure n.

idol-sacrifice n.

ΚΠ

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 28 Partaking of their idol-sacrifices and idolatrous rites.

idol-sin n.

ΚΠ

1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 118 Thou, brought'st Samaria to Thine Idol-Sin.

c. Appositive.

idol-block n.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 93 To worship..not that Virgin, on Earth holie, in Heaven glorious; but these idol-conceits, and idol-blockes of her.

idol-devil n.

ΚΠ

1600 P. Holland tr. J. B. Marlianus Svmmary Topogr. Rome ii. iv, in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 1355 In old time they called this Idoll-devill, Vejovis, because he was deprived of all power to helpe and doe good.

idol-gold n.

ΚΠ

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 297 Whither the lustfull Spaniard brought it, with his Idol-gold from ravisht Indya.

idol-notion n.

ΚΠ

1663 J. Spencer Disc. Prodigies ii. 35 Common Experience (the surest correctour of all Idol notions and hastie reasonings).

1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Sensus Communis: Ess. Freedom of Wit 3 Having..consecrated in our selves certain Idol-Notions, which we will never suffer to be unveil'd.

idol-puddle n.

ΚΠ

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 132 Contemnes the Fountaine of God's sacred Lawe, From Idoll-Puddles poys'nie drinke to drawe.

idol-self n.

ΚΠ

a1711 T. Ken Urania in Wks. (1721) IV. 485 For Idol-self great God dethrones.

idol-snake n.

ΚΠ

1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 7 Denns where idoll-snakes delight Again to couer Satan from their sight.

d. Objective and objective genitive.

(a)

idol-breaker n.

ΚΠ

1579 W. Fulke Confut. Treat. N. Sander in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 593 The idolaters haue had two generall councels of their side, the idoll breakers none.

1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iv. 216 We are to consider Luther as a Prophet Idol-breaker.

idol-maker n.

ΚΠ

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. xi. §5. 121 In making himselfe an Idol-God, hee becommeth both an Idol-maker, and an Idol it selfe.

idol-monger n.

ΚΠ

1623 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VII. O.T. xviii. 22 Abandon those Idol-mongers, restore deuotion to her purity.

(b)

idol-breaking adj.

ΚΠ

1897 Daily News 12 Oct. 6/3 The bigoted Sikander, whose idol-breaking zeal procured him the title of But-Shikan, or ‘Iconoclast’.

idol-framing adj.

ΚΠ

1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 33 It drew their Idol-framing hearts to set..their adoration on these creatures, the Sun, Moon and Stars.

idol-mongering n.

ΚΠ

1889 C. Edwardes Sardinia 184 Idol-mongering was a profitable line of life.

idol-serving adj.

ΚΠ

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 59 Idol-seruing Nile.

e. Instrumental and locative.

idol-anchored adj.

ΚΠ

1852 Meanderings of Memory I. 211 A heathen lamp supplies With meagre beam his Idol-anchored eyes.

idol-hated adj.

ΚΠ

1603 H. Chettle Englandes Mourning Garment sig. F4^v The godly Constantine..Purgde this Iles aire from Idoll-hated sinne.

idol-prone adj.

ΚΠ

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 92 (Idoll-prone) example leading them.

idol-wedded adj.

ΚΠ

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 118 This Idol-wedded Towne.

C3. Special combinations.

idol's day n. a day on which an idol is honoured.

ΚΠ

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1297 This Idols day hath bin to thee no day of rest.

idol-shell n. a tropical mollusc of the family Ampullariidæ.

ΚΠ

1861 P. P. Carpenter Lect. Mollusca 52 The true ampullarias, which are peculiar to tropical America, and are called idol-shells by the Indians.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	idol
释义	idoln. Brit. /ˈʌɪdl/, U.S. /ˈaɪd(ə)l/ Forms: α. Middle English ydele, idele, Middle English idel. β. Middle English–1500s ydol(e, Middle English–1500s ydoll, Middle English–1600s idoll, 1500s idole, Middle English– idol. Etymology: Middle English < Old French id(e)le, and idole, < late Latin īdōlum (also īdŏlum in Prudentius c400, Sedulius c470), image, form, spectre, apparition, in ecclesiastical use ‘idol’, < Greek εἴδωλον image, phantom, idea, fancy, likeness, in the Septuagint ‘idol’, < εἶδος form, shape. The early Old French idele, idle (11th cent.), represent the Latin ˈīdŏlum, the accentuation following that of the Greek. The current French idole was adapted in 13th cent. from Latin īdōlum. The order of appearance of the senses in English does not correspond to their original development in Greek, where the sequence was apparently: ‘appearance, phantom, unsubstantial form, image in water or a mirror, mental image, fancy, material image or statue’, and finally, in Jewish and Christian use, ‘image of a false god’. In English this last was, under religious influence, the earliest, and in Middle English the only sense; hence (as also in French) came sense 2. These are the only popular uses of the word. The other uses are 16th c. adoptions of earlier Greek senses, often however coloured by association with sense 1. I. From Jewish and Christian use. 1. a. An image or similitude of a deity or divinity, used as an object of worship: applied to those worshipped by pagans, whence, in scriptural language, = false god, a fictitious divinity which ‘is nothing in the world’ (1 Corinthians viii. 4). ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > idol godeOE anlikenessOE stockc1000 mammetc1225 Mahometc1275 Mahoundc1275 idola1325 simulacre1382 marmoseta1398 mammetrya1400 puppet1534 poppet?1548 block1570 Dagona1572 pagoda1582 pagody1588 Mokisso1634 poppet deitya1641 pageant idol1696 pageant thing1696 afgod1769 cult figure1895 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > quality of inspiring reverence > [noun] > object relic?c1225 relica1400 shrinec1460 idol1484 icon1833 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1871 Godes ðat rachel hadde stolen..And oðre ydeles brogt fro sichem. 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 754 For ȝour ydil idolus don ȝou ille wirche. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Cor. viii. 4 We witen for an ydol is no thing in the world, and that ther is no God but oon. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11759 Al þair idels in a stund Grouelings fel vnto þe grund. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Wisd. xiv. 8 But the idol [1382 maumet] which is maad bi hond is cursid, bothe it, and he that made it. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope vi A man whiche had in his hows an ydolle the whiche oftyme he adoured as his god. 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Cvj Y^e priestes which serue y^e Idols, are had in chiefe reuerence. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. i. 6 Some are Gentiles which worship Idols; others of the sect of Mahumet. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xlv. 359 But the name of Idoll is extended yet further in Scripture, to signifie also the Sunne, or a Starre, or any other Creature, visible or invisible, when they are worshipped for Gods. 1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. i. 28 Their dumb Idols, whom they called by the Name of the Holy Gods. 1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iv. 195 Idol is Eidolon, a thing seen, a symbol. It is not God, but a Symbol of God; and perhaps one many question whether any the most benighted mortal ever took it for more than a Symbol. 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 51 To say that it was made, was to deny that it was God. Hence the prophets so often urge this special proof of the vanity of idols. b. Applied polemically to images or figures of divine beings and saints, and, more generally, to any material object of worship in a Christian church. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > idol > material object of worship in Christian church idol?1542 ?1542 H. Brinkelow Complaynt Roderyck Mors xxiv. sig. G4 [He] set vp in the same place another idol of .S. Iohan baptyst. 1554 T. Sampson in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. xviii. 47 Out of this mischievous idol the mass. 1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 44 One Rood with Marie and John and the rest of such Idolles was brent. 1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 45 Item an Idoll of all halowes—cut in peces by Mr. william ffearnes a year past. 1598 J. Dickenson Greene in Conceipt 22 Like to Idols, lay-mens bookes. 1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. i. vi. 56 The famous Kentish Idol moued her eies, and hands, by those secret gimmers, which now euery Puppet-play can imitate. 1630 (title) The Great Idol of the Mass overthrown; a Sermon..By a Protestant. 1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. II. iv. 46 These various impostures were exposed at St. Paul's whither also were brought other idols from all parts of the country. †c. A representation of a deity under some monstrous and non-natural form. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > idol > in monstrous or non-natural form idolc1400 grove1535 c1400 Mandeville Trav. (1839) xv. 164 Summe worschipen symulacres and summe ydoles. But betwene Symulacres and ydoles is a gret difference. For symulacres ben ymages made after lyknesse of men or of wommen, or of the sonne, or of the mone, or of ony best, or of ony kyndely thing. And ydoles is an ymage made of lewed wille of man, þat man may not fynden among kyndely thinges. As an ymage þat hath iiij hedes, on of a man, another of an hors, or of an ox, or of sum oþer best þat no man hath seyn. 2. figurative. Any thing or person that is the object of excessive or supreme devotion, or that usurps the place of God in human affection. a. A thing. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > [noun] > one who loves too much > object of excessive or supreme devotion goddessa1450 idol1562 1557 Bible (Whittingham) 1 John v. 21 Babes kepe your selues from idoles.] 1562 A. Scott Poems (1896) i. 119 In sum hartis is gravit new agane Ane image, callit cuvatyce of geir; Now, to expell þat idoll..God gif þe grace. 1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 351 It is only to save their purses that mettle, whereof they make their Idoll. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Idol,..any Object of one's Fondness. 1737 S. Berington Mem. G. di Lucca 5 Money, the Idol of other People, was the least of his Care. 1771 H. Mackenzie Man of Feeling xxviii. 111 His darling idol was the honour of a soldier. 1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) II. xxii. 286 He tells him that space is now the idol of Englishmen. b. A person so adored. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > [noun] > person or thing regarded with dotage1609 idola1616 doting piece1733 a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) ii. iv. 142 Pro. Was this the Idoll, that you worship so? Val. Euen She. View more context for this quotation 1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 270 Whom shee openly cals her servant, and makes of him her Idoll. 1797 E. Burke Corr. IV. 433 They who make a man an idol, when he is off his pedestal will treat him with all the contempt with which blind and angry worshippers treat an idol that is fallen. 1819 W. Irving Sketch Bk. i. 46 How can she bear neglect? she has been the idol of society. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. lii. 266 A hero who was the idol of his army. II. From classical Greek (and Latin) use. †3. a. An image, effigy, or figure of a person or thing; esp. a statue. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [noun] > statue likenessOE imagec1225 figurea1300 signa1382 statuea1393 staturea1393 statutea1393 statutec1430 statuac1450 picture1517 idol1548 portraiture1548 pattern1582 portrait1585 icon1587 monument1594 simulacrum1599 statuary1599 plastic1686 make1890 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxv The citezens of Orleaunce, had buylded in the honor of her, an Image or an Idole. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 28 He rash charged with launce thee mystical idol. 1591 E. Spenser Ruines of Rome in Complaints v Her brave writings..In spight of time..Doo make her Idole through the world appeare. 1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence iii. 72 His Idol was after his death honored prayed and sacrifysed vnto. †b. A counterpart, likeness, imitation; = image n. 4, 7b Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > image of a person or thing print1340 imagec1384 similitude?a1425 picturec1475 similitudeness1547 portrait1567 idol1590 model1594 self-imagea1672 duplicate1701 moral1751 ditto1776 fetch1787 double1798 fetch-like1841 splitting image1880 spitting image1901 spit1929 split-image1950 clone1977 the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > an imitation resemblant1484 patterna1500 counterfeiture1548 counterfeit1587 idol1590 reduplication1592 copy1596 module1608 imitationa1616 mockage1615 echo1622 conduplicationa1631 transcript1646 ectype1647 mime1650 duplicating1659 mimicry1688 replication1692 shadow1693 reproduction1701 mimication?1715 repetition1774 replicate1821 autotype1829 replica1841 re-creation1915 retake1922 mock-up1957 reprise1961 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ii. sig. O5^v Men..Doe her adore..As th'Idole of her makers great magnificence. a1634 G. Chapman Bussy D'Ambois (1641) iv. i. 45 So women..Are the most perfect Idols [1607 images] of the Moone. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 101 Th' Apostat in his Sun-bright Chariot sate Idol of Majestie Divine. View more context for this quotation †c. Aspect, appearance, likeness; = image n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > [noun] > shape or form hue971 shapea1300 featurec1325 appearancec1385 portraiturec1450 facturec1460 idol1584 stampa1586 apparition1610 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xv. ii. 390 Orobas..commeth foorth like a horsse, but when he putteth on him a mans idol, he talketh of diuine vertue. †4. An inert inactive person (who has the form, without the proper activity or energy, of a man). = French idole, but in English naturally associated with idle = idler n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > sloth or laziness > [noun] > lazy person > an idler or loafer lurdanc1330 player1340 moochera1425 loon?c1450 lounger?a1513 idler1534 rest man1542 holiday-woman1548 baty bummill1568 bummill baty1568 friar-fly?1577 idol1579 lingerer1579 loll1582 idleby1589 shit-rags1598 blaitie bum1602 idle1635 Lollard1635 loiterer1684 saunterer1688 scobberlotchera1697 bumble1786 quisby1789 waffler1805 shoat1808 loafer1830 bummer1855 dead beat1863 bum1864 scowbanker1864 schnorrer1875 scowbank1881 ikey1906 layabout1932 lie-about1937 spine-basher1946 limer1964 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 238/1 It is not an honour of idlenesse, to bee called to this state, and therfore that he must not play the idoll, but..must giue himselfe to it..and take paines about it. 5. A visible but unsubstantial appearance, an image caused by reflexion as in a mirror, an incorporeal phantom. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > reflection > [noun] > reproducing an image > image produced by imagec1350 umberc1407 idol1563 reflection1563 reflex1596 shadow-light1623 species1638 repercussion1646 reflect1829 the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > optical illusion > [noun] > an optical illusion > vision or apparition visionc1290 fantasyc1325 imagec1350 figurec1384 beholdingc1440 semblance1489 idol1563 ghost1593 fancy1609 species1639 spectrala1656 spectre1801 eidolon1828 1563 W. Fulke Goodle Gallerye Causes Meteors iii. f. 41^v Men haue seen..two sonnes..They are nothing els but Idols, or Images of the sunne, represented in an equall..watry cloude. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxiii. 94 I see we have a soul In th' underdwellings, and a kind of man-resembling idol. 1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads (1677) 344 In hell there souls are, though they have no hearts, But idols only are, and forms of men. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 784 By the Idol of the Soul Plotinus seems to mean, an Airy or Spirituous Body. a1822 P. B. Shelley tr. J. W. von Goethe Scenes from Faust in Posthumous Poems (1824) 414 It is an enchanted phantom, A lifeless idol. 1886 R. L. Stevenson Strange Case Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde 114 I looked upon that ugly idol [sc. his image] in the glass. 6. a. A mental fiction; a phantasy or fancy. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of imagination > mental image, idea, or fancy > [noun] > imaginary form, fiction fantasy1362 figurec1384 feigning1388 idol1577 idea1593 nonentity1604 figment1624 spectre1708 1577 T. Vautrollier tr. M. Luther Comm. Epist. to Galathians (new ed.) f. 123 In their heart they stablish, not the righteousnes of the lawe..but a mere fantasie and an Idoll of the lawe. 1684 tr. H. C. Agrippa Vanity Arts & Sci. (new ed.) 335 They frame to themselves..so many Idols and Phantomes of their own Imaginations about divine things. 1899 G. G. Findlay in Expositor Feb. 94 They hold and grasp the very God in Christ, and are no longer mocked with vain idols and phantoms of blessedness. b. Logic. A false mental image or conception; a false or misleading notion; a fallacy; = idolum n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > faint, imperfect idea > [noun] > false idolum1640 idolism1671 idol1678 fiction1828 pseudo-idea1863 pseudo-concept1866 1620 F. Bacon Instauratio Magna i. xxxix Quatuor sunt genera Idolorum quæ mentes humanas obsedent. Iis (docendi gratiâ) nomina imposuimus; vt primum genus, Idola Tribûs; secundum, Idola specûs; tertium, Idola Fori; quartum, Idola Theatri vocentur.] 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 884 But this is a meer Idolum Specus, an Idol of the Cave or Den. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 886 This is but another Idol of the Atheists Den. 1733 P. Shaw tr. F. Bacon Novum Organum i. ii, in Philos. Wks. II. 351 There are four Kinds of Idols that possess the Mind of Man... We will..call the first Kind, Idols of the Tribe; the second, Idols of the Den; the third, Idols of the Market; and the fourth, Idols of the Theatre. 1785 T. Reid Ess. Intellect. Powers vi. viii. 652 To every bias of the understanding, by which a man may be misled in judging, or drawn into error, Lord Bacon gives the name of idol. 1877 E. R. Conder Basis of Faith ii. 81 Impenetrability, so confidently assumed as a self-evident primary property of matter..is seen to be an idol of our imagination. †7. A fictitious personation; a counterfeit, sham; a pretender. (By Spenser used of a magic counterfeit.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > [noun] > one who or that which dissembles feigner1382 pseudo1402 simular1526 simuler1534 colourer1554 counterfeiter1561 truphane1568 counterfeit1574 put-forth1581 pretender1583 impostor1586 idol1590 would-be1607 phantasm1622 farce1696 imposture1699 Barmecide1713 simulator1835 fraud1850 sham1850 fake1855 swindle1858 shammer1861 make-believe1863 hoax1869 economizer1874 make-believer1884 ringer1896 phoney1902 faker1910 shill1976 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. viii. sig. Kk3 To walke the woodes with that his Idole faire. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xx. 732/1 Shee well knew that this Lambert was but an Idoll, hammered out of the hote braine of that Boutefew Richard Simon, yet she embraceth the occasion, countenanceth the Imposture. 1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 63 Those two Idolles or counterfets which were set vp against him in the beginning of his raign. 1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 29 He knew the pretended Plantagenet to be but an Idoll. 1660 T. Fuller Mixt Contempl. ii. xli. 60 King Hen. the seventh was much troubled..with Idols..pittifull Persons, who pretended themselves Princes. †8. The phrase idol shepherd used in Zechariah xi. 17 in Geneva Bible and 1611 (where the Vulgate has O pastor et idolum, the Septuagint οἱ ποιμαίνοντες τὰ μάταια, and the Revised Version of 1885 ‘worthless shepherd’), was frequently used in 17th cent. polemics, sometimes with allusion to idolatry, sometimes with idol taken as = ‘counterfeit’ or ‘sham’ (sense 7), sometimes associated with idle (see sense 4), and so ‘neglectful of duty’. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > carelessness > [noun] > neglect > one who neglects neglecter1548 idol shepherd1560 neglector1607 society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > pastor > [noun] > sham or neglectful of duty idol shepherd1560 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Zech. xi. 17 O Idols shepherde, that leaueth the flocke.] 1560 Bible (Geneva) Zech. xi. 17 O idole shepherd that leaueth the flocke. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. iii. 60 Woe therefore to the idle and Idol pastor. 1590 H. Barrow in H. Barrow & J. Greenwood Coll. Certain Lett. & Conf. iii. 55 We are ledd vnto Idoles when we are ledd vnto such Ministers as you, which..are Idole Shepherds and Ministers. 1611 Bible (King James) Zech. xi. 17 Woe to the idoll shepheard that leaueth the flocke. View more context for this quotation 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus ii. 1 All idle, and idoll, Ministers that thrust themselues in for Pastors, and can onely feed themselues. 1634 J. Canne Necessitie of Separation ii. 110 Reading of Homilies in the church..is said to be..but the instrument of foolish and idoll sheapheards. Compounds C1. attributive (without hyphen).Often not distinguishable from the combinations in sense Compounds 2. ΚΠ c1585 R. Browne Answere to Cartwright 33 He will haue..an Idol christ to be the life of the church. c1585 R. Browne Answere to Cartwright 34 What remaineth but an Idol or counterfet christ? a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods ii. viii. 22 in Wks. (1640) III Nay I will not let you sit 'Fore your Idoll Glasse a whit. 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. xviii. 124 Placing there their Idoll Saints and Images. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 131 Besides, not Egypt, India..more With servile Awe, their Idol King adore. View more context for this quotation 1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. lxvii. 63 What idol shapes are on the wall pourtray'd. 1854 Proc. Soc. Antiq. 3 51 William Sells..exhibited..three sketches of an Idol Figure of Mexican appearance. C2. a. General attributive. Of an idol, of idols. idol-altar n. ΚΠ 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. i. 54 They..builded idole altars throughout the cities of Iuda. View more context for this quotation 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 572 The dust of the idol-altars was cast into the brook Kedron. idol-chapel n. ΚΠ 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 41 Each idol-chapel..which they had multiplied to their idols. idol-chariot n. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (1864) 142 They haue those Idol-chariots, like vnto Towers, to the drawing whereof, many thousands of deuout persons put their helping-hand. idol-clergy n. ΚΠ 1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 119 Baal's idol Clergie hee [sc. Jehu] doth bring to naught. idol-dwelling n. ΚΠ 1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III xci. 50 Idol-dwellings, Goth or Greek. idol-figure n. ΚΠ 1822 S. Burder Oriental Customs (ed. 6) II. 103 The statue of Thammuz, according to the Rabbins, was a kind of talisman. It must have been an early idol figure. idol-form n. ΚΠ 1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. xliv. 175 An idol form of earthly gold. idol-graith n. idol-house n. ΚΠ 1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. III. v. vii. sig. Oooo.iij/2 To sacrifice at the altars of their Gods in idol-houses, y^t is to say, in their idol temples. 1882 Archaeologia Cantiana 14 103 A temple or idol-house where King Ethelbert according to the rites of his tribe was wont to pray. idol-priest n. ΚΠ 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 187 Truly these Idoll Priests are in such great esteeme among them. 1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra iii. xxi. 174 He became an Idol-Priest in Thessalonica. idol-procession n. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (1864) 140 Sir Iohn Mandeuile reporteth the same Historie of their Idoll-Procession, and the ashes of those voluntary Martyrs. idol-prophet n. ΚΠ 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. v. §2 He that prophesied in the name of an Idol..this was the Idol-Prophet. idol-room n. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 444 In the entries of their houses they have an Idol-roome, where they Incense these Deities morning and evening. idol-sanctuary n. ΚΠ 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 150 That God would desolate the idol-sanctuaries of Israel. idol-service n. ΚΠ 1568 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1709) lii. 525 Whether..a godly man may be at idol-service with his body, his heart being with God. idol-shrine n. ΚΠ a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Richard II cclxxvii, in Poems (1878) III. 206 This Idol-shrine..can boast of greater things Then many Temples famed. idol-throne n. b. Pertaining to or connected with idols or idol-worship, idolatrous. idol-devotion n. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (1864) 136 Which [sacrifices] in Idoll-deuotion were all bestowed after on the poore. idol-enjoyment n. ΚΠ 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 554 God would wring his idol-sacrifices and idol-enjoyments from him. idol-feast n. ΚΠ a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) xxx. 95 Such Wakes, and Idol-Feasts. idol-fire n. ΚΠ 1842 Ld. Tennyson Love thou thy Land in Poems (new ed.) I. 227 A wind to puff your idol-fires, And heap their ashes on the head. idol-folly n. idol-hope n. ΚΠ 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 193 Bethel, the centre of their idol-hopes. idol-hymn n. ΚΠ 1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. xxvii. 107 What seem'd an idol hymn, now breathes of thee. idol-ocean n. ΚΠ 1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 91 A hundred Prophets..Resist their rage, and from sad drowning keep The wracked planks on th' Idol-Ocean deep. idol-offering n. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 65 Their Priests collusions to make gaines of the Idol-offerings. idol-pressure n. idol-sacrifice n. ΚΠ 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 28 Partaking of their idol-sacrifices and idolatrous rites. idol-sin n. ΚΠ 1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 118 Thou, brought'st Samaria to Thine Idol-Sin. c. Appositive. idol-block n. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 93 To worship..not that Virgin, on Earth holie, in Heaven glorious; but these idol-conceits, and idol-blockes of her. idol-devil n. ΚΠ 1600 P. Holland tr. J. B. Marlianus Svmmary Topogr. Rome ii. iv, in tr. Livy Rom. Hist. 1355 In old time they called this Idoll-devill, Vejovis, because he was deprived of all power to helpe and doe good. idol-gold n. ΚΠ 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 297 Whither the lustfull Spaniard brought it, with his Idol-gold from ravisht Indya. idol-notion n. ΚΠ 1663 J. Spencer Disc. Prodigies ii. 35 Common Experience (the surest correctour of all Idol notions and hastie reasonings). 1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Sensus Communis: Ess. Freedom of Wit 3 Having..consecrated in our selves certain Idol-Notions, which we will never suffer to be unveil'd. idol-puddle n. ΚΠ 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 132 Contemnes the Fountaine of God's sacred Lawe, From Idoll-Puddles poys'nie drinke to drawe. idol-self n. ΚΠ a1711 T. Ken Urania in Wks. (1721) IV. 485 For Idol-self great God dethrones. idol-snake n. ΚΠ 1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 7 Denns where idoll-snakes delight Again to couer Satan from their sight. d. Objective and objective genitive. (a) idol-breaker n. ΚΠ 1579 W. Fulke Confut. Treat. N. Sander in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 593 The idolaters haue had two generall councels of their side, the idoll breakers none. 1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iv. 216 We are to consider Luther as a Prophet Idol-breaker. idol-maker n. ΚΠ a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) i. xi. §5. 121 In making himselfe an Idol-God, hee becommeth both an Idol-maker, and an Idol it selfe. idol-monger n. ΚΠ 1623 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VII. O.T. xviii. 22 Abandon those Idol-mongers, restore deuotion to her purity. (b) idol-breaking adj. ΚΠ 1897 Daily News 12 Oct. 6/3 The bigoted Sikander, whose idol-breaking zeal procured him the title of But-Shikan, or ‘Iconoclast’. idol-framing adj. ΚΠ 1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 33 It drew their Idol-framing hearts to set..their adoration on these creatures, the Sun, Moon and Stars. idol-mongering n. ΚΠ 1889 C. Edwardes Sardinia 184 Idol-mongering was a profitable line of life. idol-serving adj. ΚΠ 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 59 Idol-seruing Nile. e. Instrumental and locative. idol-anchored adj. ΚΠ 1852 Meanderings of Memory I. 211 A heathen lamp supplies With meagre beam his Idol-anchored eyes. idol-hated adj. ΚΠ 1603 H. Chettle Englandes Mourning Garment sig. F4^v The godly Constantine..Purgde this Iles aire from Idoll-hated sinne. idol-prone adj. ΚΠ 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 92 (Idoll-prone) example leading them. idol-wedded adj. ΚΠ 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 118 This Idol-wedded Towne. C3. Special combinations. idol's day n. a day on which an idol is honoured. ΚΠ 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1297 This Idols day hath bin to thee no day of rest. View more context for this quotation idol-shell n. a tropical mollusc of the family Ampullariidæ. ΚΠ 1861 P. P. Carpenter Lect. Mollusca 52 The true ampullarias, which are peculiar to tropical America, and are called idol-shells by the Indians. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † idolv. Etymology: < idol n. Obsolete. rare. transitive. To make an idol of; to idolize. (See also quot. 1644².) ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > [verb (transitive)] > be or become devoted to or delighted with > regard with utmost respect and devotion adorec1350 idol1605 the mind > emotion > love > [verb (transitive)] > be or become devoted to or delighted with > regard with utmost respect and devotion > make into an idol idol1605 society > faith > aspects of faith > theism > paganism > paganization > paganize [verb (transitive)] idol1605 paganize1615 gentilize1643 heathenize1681 infidelize1836 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. ii. 412 Good Princes..Who Idol-not their pearlie Scepters glory. 1607 T. Tomkis Lingua ii. ii. D iij And when they haue thus Idold her [a lady-love] like Pigmalion, they fall downe and worship her. 1644 J. Maxwell Sacro-sancta Regum Majestas xi. 115 They Idoled the Covenant so much, that they would renounce God, if he would not be..the God of the Covenant. 1644 J. Maxwell Sacro-sancta Regum Majestas xv. 147 He resolveth to Idoll or serve corruptly the humour and state of the people where he liveth. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.a1325v.1605
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idoln.

Compounds

† idolv.