identityn.

Brit.

/ʌɪˈdɛntᵻti/, U.S.

/aɪˈdɛn(t)ədi/

Forms: 1500s idemptitie, 1500s ydemptyte, 1500s–1600s identitie, 1500s– identity, 1600s idemptity.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French identité; Latin identitat-, identitas.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French identité, ydemtité, ydemptité, ydentité (French identité ) quality or condition of being the same (a1310; 1756 in sense ‘individuality, personality’, 1801 in sense ‘distinct impression of a single person or thing presented to or perceived by others’), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin identitat-, identitas quality of being the same (4th cent.), condition or fact that a person or thing is itself and not something else (8th cent. in a British source), fact of being the same (from 12th cent. in British sources), continual sameness, lack of variety, monotony (from 12th cent. in British sources; 14th cent. in a continental source) < classical Latin idem same (see idem n.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹), after post-classical Latin essentitas ‘being’ (4th cent.); the Latin word was formed to provide a translation equivalent for ancient Greek ταὐτότης identity. Compare Catalan identitat (14th cent.), Spanish identidad (a1455), Portuguese identidade (1696), Italian identità (1385), German Identität (1728).In sense 4b after French identité (1828 in the passage translated in quot. 1830, or earlier). In absolute identity at sense 1a after German absolute Identität (1795 or earlier in Schelling in this sense).

a. The quality or condition of being the same in substance, composition, nature, properties, or in particular qualities under consideration; absolute or essential sameness; oneness. absolute identity: that asserted in the metaphysical doctrine of the German philosopher Friedrich Schelling (1775–1854) that mind and matter are phenomenal modifications of the same substance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun]

oneness?c1225

identity1545

indifferency1569

selfsameness1577

sameness1581

said1623

homogeneity1625

indistinction1644

indifference1656

sameliness1662

identicalness1677

undistinguishableness1727

indistinguishableness1731

self-identity1866

dittoship1869

identicality1875

indistinguishability1885

sameyness1977

1545 J. Bale Mysterye Inyquyte P. Pantolabus f. 33^v [Peter Lombard] gaue vnto yt transubstanciacyon. Than folowed transmutacyon, transicyon, and transaccidentacyon... After that came in ydemptyte, realyte, formalyte.

1566 N. Sanders Supper of Our Lord (new ed.) iv. f. 247^v The verb sum, I am, being ioyned with two natures cleane distant doth always signifie a like condition or propertie, and no identitie of substance.

1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. v. f. 128^v This likenes, idemptitie, or equallitie of proportion is called proportionallitie.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 65 That the soule of this universall world, is not simple, uniforme and uncompounded, but mixed..of a certaine power of Identitie and of Diversity.

1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick 88 Causal Identity is of them which agree in the causes.

1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick 88 Accidentall Identity is of them that agree in Accidents.

1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I i. iii. 21 That the Phenicians were originally Canaanites, is manifest from the Identitie of their Languages.

1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. i. 35 Difference is of two kinds as oppos'd either to identity or resemblance.

1751 J. Harris Hermes iii. iv. 398 Is it not marvelous, there should be so exact an Identity of our Ideas..?

1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxxv. 474 The organic remains are of great interest in establishing the geological identity between the coal measures of the Dudley district and those of distant parts of Great Britain.

1855 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. ii. v. 126 Resemblance, when it exists in the highest degree of all..is often called identity.

1863 H. Fawcett Man. Polit. Econ. ii. ix. 265 There is no identity of interests between employers and employed.

1876 P. G. Tait Lect. Recent Adv. in Physical Sci. (ed. 2) viii. 203 The identity of radiant light and heat.

1922 Chem. Abstr. 3417 Evidence of salt properties is further verified by identity of negative charges with the no. predicted for the periodic group in which the anionic metal is found.

1926 E. Paul & C. Paul tr. K. Marx Eighteenth Brumaire of L. Bonaparte vii. 133 The identity of their interests has failed to find expression in a community..or in a political organization, these peasant families do not form a class.

1967 Everyman's Encycl. V. 429/1 He [sc. B. Franklin] estab. the identity of lightning with electricity..and suggested the use of lightning conductors on large buildings.

2000 H. Crouzel in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Compan. Christian Thought 504/1 As regards risen bodies, Origen affirms both their identity with and their difference from terrestrial bodies, invoking the Pauline simile of seed and plant.

b. An instance of this quality or condition.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun] > the same thing or person > an identical thing

identity1570

same1690

indistinguishable1903

1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. iv. f. 132 Proportionalitie is a likenesse or an idemptitie of proportions.

1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 309 For Tortus, according to his name, plaies the wire-drawer, and will needs stretch the resemblance, into an identity.

1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 264 How fully assured must we needs be of these Identities, the Agreements of these two Parallelisms.

1775 J. Harris Philos. Arrangem. ix. 202 'Tis by a contrary power of Composition, that we recognize their Identities.

1798 T. Brown Observ. Zoonomia v. 125 The opinion attacked may be just, and the error lie, on the side of him, who demands identities and resemblances, where the nature of the subject denies them.

1823 tr. A. von Humboldt Geognostical Ess. Superposition Rocks 17 In England, and on the continent of Europe opposite, there does not exist an identity in all the formations; there exist only equivalents or parallel formations.

1861 T. Wright Ess. Archæol. I. vi. 91 The taking of resemblances of words for identities is one of the great stumbling-blocks of the philologist.

1902 Trans. Glasgow Archæol. Soc. 4 ii. 303 Collation of certain identities of line and alliteration between the poems as undernoted.

1951 M. Bodkin Stud. of Type-images in Poetry, Relig., & Philos. i. 12 Do we in this undeniable parallelism recognize an identity of pattern due to common dispositions active in men's minds in earlier and later ages?

2001 B.Hutchinson G. E. Moore's Ethical Theory i. 31 An analysis states that an identity obtains between the object denoted by the analysandum and the object denoted by the analysans.

†c. Recurrence of the same; repetition. Also: an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > uniformity > [noun]

evenlinesseOE

evennessa1398

equality1398

uniformity?a1475

equalness1545

uniformness1579

coherence1588

constancy1593

identity1611

oneness1611

holdinga1616

homogeneity1625

homogeny1626

unity1638

equiformity1646

self-consistencya1652

invariableness1654

homogeneousness1658

univocacy1658

sameness1743

consistency1787

self-similarity1847

consistence1850

flushnessa1878

homogenization1938

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 11 Wee haue not tyed our selues to an vniformitie of phrasing, or to an identitie of words.

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. xi. §6. 325 The soule is delighted with variety. It is dulled with identity.

1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music IV. vi. 279 In no other art, except architecture, is identity, or exact repetition, a beauty.

1793 Landscape Mag. 28 All objects introduced together, should be related to each other, and form one whole. Nevertheless, this union by no means implies sameness, and identity or repetition of the same thought in the same manner.

1846 E. A. Poe in Graham's Mag. Apr. 164 The pleasure is deduced solely from the sense of identity—of repetition.

1864 Continental Monthly Jan. 19/1 We may have: similarity, variety, identity, repetition, adaptation, symmetry, proportion, fitness, melody, harmony, order, and unity.

1901 E. L. Baldwin & J. M. Baldwin tr. K. Groos Play of Man i. i. 38 Rhyme is often mere reduplication, its agreeableness being due to the actual musical quality to which identity and variety contribute.

†d. The selfsame thing. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun] > the same thing or person

selfeOE

the ilkeOE

same1340

that (or this) same1362

selfsamec1422

one (and the) selfsame1531

none1611

identity1616

same difference1945

1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Identitie, the selfe same thing.

a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. iii. §2. 216 Life is not the cause of its owne liuing, but the very same identity with its liuing.

e. Logic. law or principle of identity: the principle expressed in the identical proposition A is A.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [noun] > property or relation law relating to

opposition1599

law or principle of identity1846

internal relation1883

law of Clavius1951

dispositionality1964

1846 W. Hamilton in T. Reid Wks. 767 The four logical laws of Identity, Contradiction, Excluded Middle, and Reason and Consequent.

1851 H. L. Mansel Prolegomena Logica vi. 182 This second Law of Thought is expressed by the Principle of Identity, ‘Every A is A’.

1889 T. Fowler Induct. Logic (ed. 5) Pref. 19 (note) Amongst the assumptions or pre-suppositions of reasoning, I have not included the so-called Law of Identity; as to say that all A is A, or a thing is the same as itself, appears to me to be an utterly unmeaning proposition.

1928 A. Görland in E. L. Schaub Philos. Today 536 Identity is regarded under the form of A=A, and it is shown that the principle of identity involves that of contradiction.

1994 A. Korzybski Sci. & Sanity (ed. 5) 749 The law of identity. Whatever is, is.

2008 D. Weissman Styles of Thought vi. 162 The principle of noncontradiction incorporates the principle of identity.

f. Absence of distinction between people of different ethnic groups. South African.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social attitudes > racial attitudes > [noun] > equality

identity1876

1876 Times 7 Aug. 10/2 Although it may be impossible to obtain a complete identity in native policy or in the treatment of the natives on every point, still I think that some much greater approximation towards unity of action is possible and very desirable.

1924 E. H. Brookes Hist. Native Policy S. Afr. iii. 62 Most modern thinkers on the Native question argue as if there were no via media between the principle which refuses to acknowledge any real difference between Europeans and Natives, the policy of identity as we may call it,..and the principle which insists on the subordinate position of the Native in the body politic, the policy of subordination.

1961 Listener 30 Nov. 898/2 The earlier British policy of identity broke down.

2006 C. Kidd in J. Randolph Hist. & Nation 28 Identity was the opposite of ‘differentiation,’ that is of racial segregation.

a. The sameness of a person or thing at all times or in all circumstances; the condition of being a single individual; the fact that a person or thing is itself and not something else; individuality, personality.personal identity: see personal adj., n., and adv. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [noun] > individuality or selfhood

personage1531

selfhood1568

identity1596

selfness1611

personship1645

egoity1651

I-hood1653

ipseity1659

inbeing1661

minehood1662

my-ness1662

selfship1664

personal identity1694

seity1709

personality1710

proprium1781

me1828

I-shipa1834

I-ety1835

selfdom1848

ownhood1856

I-ness1870

ego-hood1873

1596 T. Morton Treat. Threefolde State of Man iii. i. 349 The mutabilitie of the creature (whereby the identitie of God is illustrated) appeareth not onely in the generall diuersitie of mans state, which sometimes is innocent and happie, other times sinfull and miserable.

1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 3 The Duration of Bodies, is twofold; One in Identitie, or the selfe-same substance; The other by a Renovation or Reparation.

1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. xxvii. 180 The Identity of the same Man consists..in nothing but a participation of the same continued Life, by constantly fleeting Particles of Matter, in succession vitally united to the same organized Body.

1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. i. 34 Of all relations the most universal is that of identity, being common to every being, whose existence has any duration.

1800 W. Whiter Etymologicon Magnum 501 It is this seal of identity, which stamps and claims the creature for its own, under every varying and disguising garb of quaint and of curious shape.

1866 J. Alden Elem. Intell. Philos. xii. 89 The idea of identity is involved in every act of remembrance.

1949 U. Sinclair O Shepherd Speak! v. xvi. 268 She had been found hidden under a bunk—and perhaps that was where her sense of identity had taken flight.

1977 W. H. Principe in H. Coward & T. Penelhum Mystics & Scholars 8 Is the personal self or identity of the mystic maintained in this unifying experience or is the mystic's personal self or identity absorbed and lost completely in nirvana, or in union with the Ultimate, the One, the Universal Soul?

2004 J. Albanese & W. Sonnenreich Network Security Illustr. 96 After all, if there's no self, there can be no identity. If there's no identity, there can be no ownership.

b. Who or what a person or thing is; a distinct impression of a single person or thing presented to or perceived by others; a set of characteristics or a description that distinguishes a person or thing from others.personal identity: see personal adj., n., and adv. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1737 in W. Alexander Northern Rural Life (1877) 203 On being ‘posed’ as to its identity by George Watt and his brothers, the ghost..solemnly averred and swore that it was a good spirit.

1789 J. Morgan Ess. III. ii. 199 But, as to the proof of identity, whatever is sufficient to satisfy a jury, is good evidence.

1819 W. Irving Rip Van Winkle in Sketch Bk. i. 86 He doubted his own identity, and whether he was himself or another man.

1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 469 The fair city almost forfeits its identity, when disguised in a misty and murky atmosphere.

1885 ‘E. Garrett’ At Any Cost v. 89 Tom..had such a curious feeling of having lost his identity, that he wanted to reassure himself by the sight of his little belongings.

1926 People's Home Jrnl. Feb. 33/1 Everything indicated that he had been ready for flight and probably had some hiding place, either in town or out, where the rest of his loot was cached and where he had slipped into disguising clothes and a new identity.

1965 N. Frye in C. F. Klinck et al. Lit. Hist. Canada 827 It is not much wonder if Canada developed with the bewilderment of a neglected child, preoccupied with trying to define its own identity, alternately bumptious and diffident about its own achievements.

2005 K. Harrison Starter Marriage 127 She has so many different identities, from trouble-shooting head teacher, to spiritual hippy chick, to glamorous property tycoon's wife, to country-bumpkin earth mother.

†3. Personal or individual existence. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > [noun] > personal or individual existence

identity1683

personality1835

1683 J. Dryden Life Plutarch 31 in J. Dryden et al. tr. Plutarch Lives I [Plutarch] doubtless beleiv'd the identity of one Supream Intellectual Being, which we call G od.

1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XVI cxx. 124 How odd, a single hobgoblin's non-entity Should cause more fear than a whole host's identity.

4. Mathematics.

a. The equality of two expressions for all values of the variables.

ΚΠ

1825 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 216/2 The resolution of an equation amounts to this, the proof of the identity of the two sides of it.

1928 F. Cajori Hist. Math. Notations I. 417 Occasionally the sign ≡, first introduced by Riemann to express identity,..is used for the expression of geometrical congruence.

2000 G. E. R. Haddock in C. O. Hill & G. E. R. Haddock Husserl or Frege? iii. 43 Identity statements..express a relation of identity between the two objects that are the referents of the expressions at each side of the identity sign.

b. An equation that holds whatever values are assigned to any of the variables in it.Represented by the sign ≡ or =.Jacobi's identity: see Jacobi n.

ΚΠ

1830 R. Blakelock tr. L. B. Francoeur Compl. Course Pure Math. II. v. ii. 49 We may here assume for the arbitrary quantity h any number we think proper, and the identity [Fr. identité] will still subsist.

1859 B. Smith Arith. & Algebra (ed. 6) 338 Such an expression as (x + 1)² = x² + 2x + 1, where one of the quantities, between which the sign of equality is placed, results from performing the operations indicated in the other, is called an Identity.

1933 L. P. Eisenhart Continuous Groups of Transformations vi. 250 For any three functions u, v, w..the following equation is an identity ((u, v), w) + ((v, w), u) + ((w, u), v) = 0.

1951 W. W. Elliott & E. R. C. Miles College Math. (ed. 2) i. 13 Multiplying both members of an equation by zero always leads to the identity, 0 ≡ 0.

2004 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 460 1141 We add..the homogeneous solution ρ(k,y)ψ(x,k) and we choose ρ(k,y) so that at x = 0 we have an identity.

5. New Zealand and Australian. A person long resident or well known in a place; a local eccentric; such persons collectively. Frequently as old identity.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] > long-standing

old identity1862

1862 Otago, Its Goldfields & Resources 9 The exclusive spirit of the ‘old identity’.

1874 A. Bathgate Colonial Experiences iii. 26 The term ‘old identities’ took its origin from an expression in a speech made by one of the members of the Provincial Council, Mr E. B. Cargill, who, in speaking of the new arrivals, said that the early settlers should endeavour to preserve their old identity... A comic singer [C. R. Thatcher] helped to perpetuate the name by writing a song.

1889 Bulletin (Sydney) 28 Sept. 8/1 Many of the old identities of '52 and '53 will remember the license-hunting and shanty-raiding days.

1905 N.Z. Truth 23 Sept. 5 (caption) Three Auckland identities.

1929 ‘M. B. Eldershaw’ House is Built (1945) v. 111 He was the sort of man who becomes an old identity almost at once, so that the residents of the Parramatta Road..soon thought they had been seeing him drive past in his indescribably sailorly fashion all their lives.

1942 ‘M. Innes’ Daffodil Affair ii. ii. 46 Ron's dad was a well-known identity Cobdogla-way.

1959 K. Sinclair Hist. N.Z. 104 Dunedin became the largest town in the country, while, to the horror of the ‘Old Identity’, saloons, billiard rooms, gambling dens and dance halls sprang up to attract the gold of the ‘New Iniquity’.

1970 N.Z. Woman's Weekly 9 Nov. 19/1 Havelock North identity Mrs C. E. Turner-Williams..at 98 stitches happily on.

1984 L. D. Edmond High Country Weather 31 But my father you know—very old identity—big holdings in those days.

2006 D. Parer in T. Jeffrey Film Business xix. 199 He is a local identity and much loved by all the desert folk.

6. The condition of being identified in feeling, interest, etc.; identification with.

ΚΠ

1869 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi i. 5 He is in truth in visible identity with the age.

1897 Rev. of Reviews Mar. 314/2 In my case the budding sense of identity with the Queen, as representative of the whole nation, began with a feeling of anything but pride.

1918 H. Segal Law of Struggle ii. 37 Love is the feeling of or sense of identity with the pain of another.

1961 S.-Y. Ch'ên Chinese Lit. iv. 54 Unwilling to lose himself in identity with his worldly associates, he lacked the power and authority to hold them in check.

1997 G. Cross Kids' Stuff (2001) vi. 176 G.I. Joe's success was based on a boy's identity with the all-male world of heroic action aided by modern military equipment and gadgetry.

2004 P. V. Bredeson in H. Tomlinson Educ. Managem. xliii. 4 Substantial changes in identity with and understandings of tasks, behaviors, norms, and cultural values by principals in schools require a period of role adjustment.

7. Mathematics.

a. An element of a set which, if combined with any element by a (specified) binary operation, leaves the latter element unchanged; cf. identity element n. at Compounds 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > set > elements in or parts of

interval1838

identity1894

identity element1902

complement1937

supremum1938

infimum1940

sup1940

equivalence class1952

1894 Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 1 61 Given an (abstract) group G_n..with elements s₁ = identity, s₂, s_n.

1937 R. D. Carmichael Introd. Theory Groups of Finite Order i. 17 Since the identity plays the role of unity in multiplication, it is often denoted by the symbol 1.

1954 R. A. Beaumont & R. W. Ball Introd. Mod. Algebra & Matrix Theory iv. 135 Find a realization in geometry of the group consisting of the elements e, a, a², a³, a⁴, a⁵ where a⁶ = e, the identity of the group.

2005 M. Livio Equation that couldn't be Solved vi. 164 There must be an..inverse element, such that when a member is combined with its inverse the combination yields the identity.

b. A transformation that gives rise to the same elements as those to which it is applied.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > transformation > [noun] > correspondence > preserving relations or elements

inclusion1870

orthomorphosis1885

isomorphism1892

identity1910

homoeomorphism1918

homomorphism1935

topological mapping or transformation1939

isometry1941

Möbius transformation1941

injection map(ping)1950

monomorphism1954

bijection1963

surjection1964

1910 O. Veblen & J. W. Young Projective Geom. I. iii. 65 The correspondence which makes every element of the system correspond to itself is called the identical correspondence or simply the identity, and is denoted by the symbol 1.

1959 E. M. Patterson Topol. (ed. 2) ii. 20 If A ⊂ B, the transformation i: A → B defined by i(^a) = a is a one–one transformation called an inclusion; in particular, if A = B, the inclusion i: A → A is called the identity.

2006 R. L. Epstein Classical Math. Logic xii. 192 There is one permutation that leaves everything unchanged (the identity).

Compounds

C1. General attributive with the meaning ‘that serves to identify a person or thing, especially its holder or wearer’.

identity bracelet n.

ΚΠ

1939 Times 11 Sept. 6/5 (advt.) Identity bracelets. Engrave your name and address on this neat disk-bracelet.

2000 P. Winfield Melancholy Baby vi. 86 He gave her his identity bracelet, which some would have seen as a token of love.

identity card n. [compare French carte d'identité (1862 or earlier in a fictional text denoting a proposed document, 1902 with reference to an actual document)]

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc

card1749

papers1796

legitimation1870

dog tag1882

identity papers1889

identity certificate1891

identification tag1893

identity card1900

identification1906

identity disc1907

identification disc1914

disca1918

meat ticket1919

warrant card1920

carte d'identité1923

ID1937

ID card1937

reference book1952

1900 Westm. Gaz. 2 Jan. 3/1 When troops are going on service each man has issued to him what is known as a field dressing and an identity card.

1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Jan. 2/2 He..forged an identity card, and procured a pistol.

2003 M. B. Salter Rights of Passage ii. 29 Identity was certified through concordance with other governmental documents, such as a birth certificate or national identity card.

identity certificate n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc

card1749

papers1796

legitimation1870

dog tag1882

identity papers1889

identity certificate1891

identification tag1893

identity card1900

identification1906

identity disc1907

identification disc1914

disca1918

meat ticket1919

warrant card1920

carte d'identité1923

ID1937

ID card1937

reference book1952

1891 Times 6 July 13/5 Every person who receives, detains, or has in his possession the identity certificate or life certificate of a person entitled to a military pension.

1999 V. Caron Uneasy Asylum vi. 122 They were to be granted identity certificates that would protect their bearers from arbitrary expulsion.

identity disc n. [compare French plaque d'identité (1881)]

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc

card1749

papers1796

legitimation1870

dog tag1882

identity papers1889

identity certificate1891

identification tag1893

identity card1900

identification1906

identity disc1907

identification disc1914

disca1918

meat ticket1919

warrant card1920

carte d'identité1923

ID1937

ID card1937

reference book1952

1907 Times 7 Jan. 8/4 Identity discs will be regarded as an article of kit and issues as such to serving soldiers and reservists on mobilization.

1956 R. St. B. Baker Dance of Trees vi. 79 When the top soil of Tel Fara was excavated we found modern spurs, identity discs, even a copy of the Tatler..reminders of the days of Allenby.

2003 N. J. Saunders Trench Art vi. 93 Similar trench-art brooches, rings, medallions and identity discs were also made from the aluminium wreckage of crashed German airships.

identity document n.

ΚΠ

1922 Manch. Guardian 31 Jan. 7/6 (heading) Identity documents for all. A coroner's suggestion.

1988 H. Mantel Eight Months on Ghazzah Street (1989) 49 I've got this identity document, it's called an iqama.

2006 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 15 Jan. i. 4/5 South Africa enjoys a bull market in falsified identity documents.

identity mark n.

ΚΠ

1871 Dubuque (Iowa) Daily Herald 25 May The lack of that identity mark in the counterfeit enabled the lady by threat of legal process, to recover her jewel.

1912 Times 7 Oct. 6/5 Friend and foe could not be distinguished from the ground, and some identity marks are advisable.

2000 M. Featherstone in J. E. Davis Identity & Social Change iii. 53 It [sc. the term ‘identity’] can be applied to inanimate objects, as is the case with the bar-code which gives a consumer object or credit card an identity mark.

identity papers n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc

card1749

papers1796

legitimation1870

dog tag1882

identity papers1889

identity certificate1891

identification tag1893

identity card1900

identification1906

identity disc1907

identification disc1914

disca1918

meat ticket1919

warrant card1920

carte d'identité1923

ID1937

ID card1937

reference book1952

1889 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 14 Jan. 1/4 The rival of Boulanger in the coming contest does not seem to have cleaner identity papers than most political heroes.

1908 Daily Chron. 21 Feb. 4/6 The ‘identity papers’, which every man and woman in Prussia must carry about with them.

2003 J. Ron Frontiers & Ghettos vi. 132 Identity papers did not entitle Palestinians to political rights within Israel, but they did create a bureaucratic status.

identity patch n.

ΚΠ

1918 Times 20 Feb. 3/5 The men sewed cloth over the identity patches on their clothing.

1959 M. Levin Eva 37 The Ukrainians didn't have to wear identity patches, since the Germans considered them allies.

2003 T. Bisk & M. Dror Futurizing Jews vi. 72 The Taliban regime revealed their radical Islamic contempt for Buddhism and Hinduism in..requiring the Hindu minority to wear a yellow identity patch.

C2. General attributive with the meaning ‘belonging or relating to personal or individual identity’ (see sense 2).

ΚΠ

1916 T. S. Eliot Let. 5 Sept. (1988) I. 148 I enclose a picture—made for my Identity Book, to go to Sussex.

1971 M. McCarthy Birds of Amer. 110 His college tutor, a stupid Freudian, had advised his mother that Peter had an ‘identity problem’.

2004 M. M. Lewis Scars of Soul i. iii. 55 Much of the male-posturing pathos of rap music stems from an identity struggle.

2006 P. Williams-Forson Building Houses out of Chicken Legs ii. viii. 203 The ‘nigger wench’ emerged as an attempt to identify herself as an artist at a time when identity art was in vogue.

C3. Philosophy.

identity doctrine n. [after German Identitätslehre (1805 or earlier with reference to Schelling's philosophical theory)]

ΚΠ

1866 D. Masson Recent Brit. Philos. (new ed.) ii. 88 It remained, however, for Schelling and Hegel to work out this famous Identity doctrine.

1920 S. Alexander Space, Time & Deity II. 9 The statement..is a species of the identity doctrine of mind and body, maintaining that there are not two processes, one neural, the other mental, but one.

2004 C. Klohr tr. M. Heidelberger Nature from Within 6 Reworking Schelling's identity doctrine, he went on to advocate a sort of phenomenalism.

identity formula n.

ΚΠ

1909 Philos. Rev. 18 199 This identity-formula, which is thus exemplified in the simplest and most rudimentary form of valuation, the existential judgment, is further traced throughout the whole series of systems of valuation which furnish the body of our scientific, artistic, ethical, religious, and philosophical thought.

1965 B. Mates Elem. Logic ix. 146 It will be useful to introduce a couple of obvious conventions for writing identity-formulas.

2008 P. Ulrich Integrative Econ. Ethics v. 170 ‘I reckon, therefore I am’ (to play on Descartes famous dictum) is the identity formula of the otherwise identityless ‘homo oeconomicus’.

identity sentence n.

ΚΠ

1948 Q. Rev. Biol. 23 335/2 On the basis of the true identity sentence: ‘The author of The Origin of Species is identical with Charles Darwin’.

2002 A. Newman Corres. Theory of Truth vi. 170 It assumes, most implausibly, that not only does each true identity sentence correspond to a fact, but that that fact could be the same fact that a predicative sentence corresponds to.

identity thesis n.

ΚΠ

1945 Philos. & Phenomenol. Res. 6 124 Hartmann's charge that the so-called Aristotelian ontology is only a logic of ideal being based upon the twofold identity thesis cannot be sustained.

2002 A. Bailey First Philos. v. 407/1 Smart does not argue directly that his mind-brain identity thesis is true..since he believes that this is, on the whole, and empirical question to be decided by scientists.

C4.

identity check n. an act of verifying a person's identity.

ΚΠ

1934 Ogden (Utah) City 6 Aug. 5/3 (heading) Deputy makes identity check.

1977 Asian Surv. 17 614 Officials were alleged to have cast the ballots of illiterate voters and identity checks were only selectively made.

2005 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 19 Aug. b26/5 Jarrah is pulled over..and receives a speeding ticket and an insufficient identity check before he drives off toward his suicide mission.

identity crisis n. (a) a period of difficulty in establishing a distinctive character or goal; (b) Psychology a period of uncertainty and confusion in which a person's sense of identity becomes insecure, typically due to a change in their expected aims or role in society.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > libido > want of confidence > [noun]

insecurity1917

identity crisis1941

1941 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Amer. 9 Feb. 7/2 The identity crisis developed last year when the boards of directors of the two giant companies did severally and separately..each elect a man named Charles E. Wilson to its respective presidency, domiciling the same in New York.

1954 Jrnl. Amer. Psychoanal. Assoc. 2 327 [Report of presentation by Erik H. Erikson] George Bernard Shaw arranged for himself a psycho-social moratorium at the age of twenty when his identity crisis led him to leave..his family, friends and familiar work.

1968 Internat. Encycl. Social Sci. VII. 63/2 An era's identity crisis is least severe in that segment of youth which is able to invest its fidelity in an expanding technology.

1971 R. A. Carter Manhattan Primitive (1972) xv. 137 Girl is on the verge of a breakdown, in deep identity crisis.

1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Apr. 409/1 A middle-aged cuckold with piles and an identity crisis.

2004 P. Biskind Down & Dirty Pictures vi. 194 The convergence between studio movie and indie film created an identity crisis among the indies.

identity element n. Mathematics = sense 7a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > set > elements in or parts of

interval1838

identity1894

identity element1902

complement1937

supremum1938

infimum1940

sup1940

equivalence class1952

1902 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 3 486 There exists a left-hand identity element, that is, an element i_l such that, for every element a, i_la = a.

1966 L. May & R. Moss New Math for Adults Only vi. 33/2 Zero is the identity element in addition and one is the identity element in multiplication.

2006 P. Woit Not even Wrong iii. 46 A group is just a set of abstract elements..with the crucial feature that there is one distinguished element called the identity element.

identity fraud n. = identity theft n.

ΚΠ

1974 Daily Capital News (Jefferson City, Missouri) 3 Dec. 4/2 Document and identity frauds are costing American taxpayers upward to $3 billion a year.

1986 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 16 Sept. 14 The Government has said that..the level of identity fraud in social security is unknown.

2000 M. Bijlefeld & S. K. Zoumbaris Teen Guide Personal Financial Managem. ix. 148 If you receive credit card bills from an account you can't remember opening..it's possible that you're a victim of identity fraud.

identity matrix n. Mathematics a matrix in which all the elements of the principal diagonal are one and the remaining elements zero, so that its product with another matrix gives that matrix.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > array > matrix

matrix1850

unit matrix1861

adjugate1882

adjoint1889

submatrix1903

identity matrix1908

row matrix1936

transpose1937

singular matrix1964

1908 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 9 127 Each I is a unit or identity matrix.

2006 K. F. Riley et al. Math. Methods Physics & Engin. (ed. 3) viii. 255 The identity matrix must be square.

identity parade n. = identification parade n. at identification n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > identification parade

identification parade1908

show-up1913

identity parade1927

stand-up1935

1927 Times 5 Feb. 4/3 When the identity parade took place only one person identified Smith.

1955 ‘A. Gilbert’ Is she Dead Too? viii. 141 Put a gorilla in a set of ginger reach-me-downs and you could put up the pair of 'em in an identity parade and no one could tell the difference.

2004 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 4 Nov. 22/4 Like a criminal in an identity parade, he looks ashamed, evasive—as though unable to bear our scrutiny.

identity politics n. the adherence by a group of people of a particular religion, race, social background, etc., to political beliefs or goals specific to the group concerned, as opposed to conforming to traditional broad-based party politics.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > [noun] > branches of politics

public policec1450

state police1779

world-policy1848

world politics1857

geopolitics1901

Weltpolitik1903

biopolitics1927

psychopolitics1942

micropolitics1951

agro-politics1960

eco-politics1970

identity politics1973

gender politics1977

1973 T. Gitlin in R. P. Wolff 1984 Revisited 27 They split and devoured SDS so easily because they capitalized on a widespread self-doubt; with a rush they occupied a vacuum of identity and strategy, virtually without opposition. Identity politics swallowed itself.

1977 Combahee River Collective Black Feminist Statem. Apr. in Z. R. Eisenstein Capitalist Patriarchy & Case for Socialist Feminism (1979) 365 Our politics evolve from a healthy love for ourselves, our sisters, and our community which allows us to continue our struggle and work. This focusing upon our own oppression is embodied in the concept of identity politics.

1979 Social Sci. & Med. 13 a. 766/2 Political activism among the handicapped and former mental patients..exemplifies a type of politics which we will term identity politics.

1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 1563/1 Black feminists sought to create a form of ‘identity politics’ that would advance their unique interests.

2018 Chicago Jewish Star 26 Jan. 4/1 Vice President Pence's speech contained no words of grievance, no hint of hatred, no allusions to revenge, no identity politics, no negativity and no divisiveness.

identity relation n. a relationship of identity; (Mathematics) a relation expressing mathematical identity (sense 4a).

ΚΠ

1912 W. P. Montague in E. B. Holt et al. New Realism 255 But there is another class of identity relations to be found in the spatiotemporal system, viz., relations between parts or aspects of different events.

1940 W. V. Quine Math. Logic 232 I is..the identity relation x̂ŷ (x = y).

1950 P. B. Kershner & L. R. Wilcox Anat. Math. v. 49 This E is called the identity relation, since a E b means the same thing as a = b.

2001 M. Loux Metaphysics vi. 229 The transitivity of identity holds only where we have a single identity relation.

identity sign n. Mathematics a sign denoting identity (sense 4a); spec. the sign ≡.The sign ≡ was introduced by Riemann ( B. Riemann Elliptische Functionen (1899) 1).

ΚΠ

1902 Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 9 164 The type is good, excepting the identity sign.

1950 W. V. Quine Methods of Logic (1952) 211 It is the use of the identity sign between variables, rather than between singular terms, that is fundamental.

identity theft n. the dishonest acquisition of personal information in order to perpetrate fraud, typically by obtaining credit, loans, etc., in someone else's name; fraud perpetrated in this way; (also) an instance of this.In quot. 1964 in the context of espionage rather than fraud for monetary gain.

ΚΠ

1964 Billings (Montana) Gaz. 30 Sept. 17/2 (headline) Four to testify on identity theft. Four Americans who suffered a theft of their identities were listed Tuesday as government witnesses at the Brooklyn spy trial of a Russian couple, who used their names.

1989 Sun-Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale, Florida) 6 July b1/2 (headline) Identity theft besmirches victims' records.

2003 R. Whitney Millionaire Real Estate Mentor xv. 244 If you are a victim of identity theft, prompt action makes recovering somewhat easier—but be prepared for a frustrating, lengthy process.

2008 Independent 2 Feb. 16/4 [He] was allegedly carrying out an identity theft known as ‘facility takeover’—using data contained in the stolen mail to impersonate his victim over the phone and online to steal £20,000.

identity theorist n. [after identity theory n.] Philosophy a believer in the identity theory.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > epistemology > [noun] > philosophy of sense perception > other systems or doctrines and adherents

ideology1835

hylo-idealism1883

identity theory1895

confirmability1932

identity theorist1949

1949 Philosophy 24 198 The identity theorists have to say that the effect is only another ‘form’ of the cause.

2004 Commonweal 22 Oct. 40/3 For the so-called identity theorists, for example, consciousness just is—it is identical with—a biological brain process, however complex.

identity theory n. Philosophy the materialist theory that physiological and mental perceptions are identical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > epistemology > [noun] > philosophy of sense perception > other systems or doctrines and adherents

ideology1835

hylo-idealism1883

identity theory1895

confirmability1932

identity theorist1949

1895 G. T. Ladd Psychol., Descriptive & Explanatory ix. 180 And even those who deny this ‘identity’ theory, if they also deny all neutral feelings, are inclined to think of feeling (as respects its tone of pleasure-pain) in the light of some kind of ‘attachment,’ or ‘qualification,’ to the other aspects of consciousness.

1951 G. Humphrey Thinking viii. 245 Inspired by the behaviourists one group of advocates of what may be called the ‘identity theory’ has stressed the importance of the so-called implicit speech movements which occur during thinking.

2002 R. Carter Consciousness ii. 62 Identity theory, like eliminativism, holds that brain states are all there is.

identity thief n. (a) a person who pretends to be someone else, an impostor (rare); (b) a person who commits identity theft (identity theft n.).

ΚΠ

1982 Newsweek 21 June 75/1 Ferdinand Waldo Demara Jr.,..masterful identity thief who was the inspiration for the 1960 film ‘The Great Impostor’... While masquerading as a surgeon in the Royal Canadian Navy, Demara performed several successful operations. He also pretended to be a Trappist monk, a prison warden, a college dean and a zoology student.

1984 Philos. & Phenomenol. Res. 45 187 Demara became famous in his own right as an ‘identity thief’.

1994 San Diego Daily Transcript (Nexis) 3 Nov. a1 Surfing Internet provides new frontiers for identity thieves.

2005 R. J. Sawyer Mindscan Prol. 12 ‘Presenting a false ID card is a major offense.’ ‘It's a major offense if you're a terrorist or an identity thief,’ I said, looking across the wide teak desk at him.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	identity
释义	identityn. Brit. /ʌɪˈdɛntᵻti/, U.S. /aɪˈdɛn(t)ədi/ Forms: 1500s idemptitie, 1500s ydemptyte, 1500s–1600s identitie, 1500s– identity, 1600s idemptity. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French identité; Latin identitat-, identitas. Etymology: < (i) Middle French identité, ydemtité, ydemptité, ydentité (French identité ) quality or condition of being the same (a1310; 1756 in sense ‘individuality, personality’, 1801 in sense ‘distinct impression of a single person or thing presented to or perceived by others’), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin identitat-, identitas quality of being the same (4th cent.), condition or fact that a person or thing is itself and not something else (8th cent. in a British source), fact of being the same (from 12th cent. in British sources), continual sameness, lack of variety, monotony (from 12th cent. in British sources; 14th cent. in a continental source) < classical Latin idem same (see idem n.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹), after post-classical Latin essentitas ‘being’ (4th cent.); the Latin word was formed to provide a translation equivalent for ancient Greek ταὐτότης identity. Compare Catalan identitat (14th cent.), Spanish identidad (a1455), Portuguese identidade (1696), Italian identità (1385), German Identität (1728).In sense 4b after French identité (1828 in the passage translated in quot. 1830, or earlier). In absolute identity at sense 1a after German absolute Identität (1795 or earlier in Schelling in this sense). 1. a. The quality or condition of being the same in substance, composition, nature, properties, or in particular qualities under consideration; absolute or essential sameness; oneness. absolute identity: that asserted in the metaphysical doctrine of the German philosopher Friedrich Schelling (1775–1854) that mind and matter are phenomenal modifications of the same substance. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun] oneness?c1225 identity1545 indifferency1569 selfsameness1577 sameness1581 said1623 homogeneity1625 indistinction1644 indifference1656 sameliness1662 identicalness1677 undistinguishableness1727 indistinguishableness1731 self-identity1866 dittoship1869 identicality1875 indistinguishability1885 sameyness1977 1545 J. Bale Mysterye Inyquyte P. Pantolabus f. 33^v [Peter Lombard] gaue vnto yt transubstanciacyon. Than folowed transmutacyon, transicyon, and transaccidentacyon... After that came in ydemptyte, realyte, formalyte. 1566 N. Sanders Supper of Our Lord (new ed.) iv. f. 247^v The verb sum, I am, being ioyned with two natures cleane distant doth always signifie a like condition or propertie, and no identitie of substance. 1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. v. f. 128^v This likenes, idemptitie, or equallitie of proportion is called proportionallitie. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 65 That the soule of this universall world, is not simple, uniforme and uncompounded, but mixed..of a certaine power of Identitie and of Diversity. 1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick 88 Causal Identity is of them which agree in the causes. 1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick 88 Accidentall Identity is of them that agree in Accidents. 1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I i. iii. 21 That the Phenicians were originally Canaanites, is manifest from the Identitie of their Languages. 1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. i. 35 Difference is of two kinds as oppos'd either to identity or resemblance. 1751 J. Harris Hermes iii. iv. 398 Is it not marvelous, there should be so exact an Identity of our Ideas..? 1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxxv. 474 The organic remains are of great interest in establishing the geological identity between the coal measures of the Dudley district and those of distant parts of Great Britain. 1855 H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. ii. v. 126 Resemblance, when it exists in the highest degree of all..is often called identity. 1863 H. Fawcett Man. Polit. Econ. ii. ix. 265 There is no identity of interests between employers and employed. 1876 P. G. Tait Lect. Recent Adv. in Physical Sci. (ed. 2) viii. 203 The identity of radiant light and heat. 1922 Chem. Abstr. 3417 Evidence of salt properties is further verified by identity of negative charges with the no. predicted for the periodic group in which the anionic metal is found. 1926 E. Paul & C. Paul tr. K. Marx Eighteenth Brumaire of L. Bonaparte vii. 133 The identity of their interests has failed to find expression in a community..or in a political organization, these peasant families do not form a class. 1967 Everyman's Encycl. V. 429/1 He [sc. B. Franklin] estab. the identity of lightning with electricity..and suggested the use of lightning conductors on large buildings. 2000 H. Crouzel in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Compan. Christian Thought 504/1 As regards risen bodies, Origen affirms both their identity with and their difference from terrestrial bodies, invoking the Pauline simile of seed and plant. b. An instance of this quality or condition. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun] > the same thing or person > an identical thing identity1570 same1690 indistinguishable1903 1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. iv. f. 132 Proportionalitie is a likenesse or an idemptitie of proportions. 1609 Bp. W. Barlow Answer Catholike English-man 309 For Tortus, according to his name, plaies the wire-drawer, and will needs stretch the resemblance, into an identity. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 264 How fully assured must we needs be of these Identities, the Agreements of these two Parallelisms. 1775 J. Harris Philos. Arrangem. ix. 202 'Tis by a contrary power of Composition, that we recognize their Identities. 1798 T. Brown Observ. Zoonomia v. 125 The opinion attacked may be just, and the error lie, on the side of him, who demands identities and resemblances, where the nature of the subject denies them. 1823 tr. A. von Humboldt Geognostical Ess. Superposition Rocks 17 In England, and on the continent of Europe opposite, there does not exist an identity in all the formations; there exist only equivalents or parallel formations. 1861 T. Wright Ess. Archæol. I. vi. 91 The taking of resemblances of words for identities is one of the great stumbling-blocks of the philologist. 1902 Trans. Glasgow Archæol. Soc. 4 ii. 303 Collation of certain identities of line and alliteration between the poems as undernoted. 1951 M. Bodkin Stud. of Type-images in Poetry, Relig., & Philos. i. 12 Do we in this undeniable parallelism recognize an identity of pattern due to common dispositions active in men's minds in earlier and later ages? 2001 B.Hutchinson G. E. Moore's Ethical Theory i. 31 An analysis states that an identity obtains between the object denoted by the analysandum and the object denoted by the analysans. †c. Recurrence of the same; repetition. Also: an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > uniformity > [noun] evenlinesseOE evennessa1398 equality1398 uniformity?a1475 equalness1545 uniformness1579 coherence1588 constancy1593 identity1611 oneness1611 holdinga1616 homogeneity1625 homogeny1626 unity1638 equiformity1646 self-consistencya1652 invariableness1654 homogeneousness1658 univocacy1658 sameness1743 consistency1787 self-similarity1847 consistence1850 flushnessa1878 homogenization1938 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 11 Wee haue not tyed our selues to an vniformitie of phrasing, or to an identitie of words. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. xi. §6. 325 The soule is delighted with variety. It is dulled with identity. 1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music IV. vi. 279 In no other art, except architecture, is identity, or exact repetition, a beauty. 1793 Landscape Mag. 28 All objects introduced together, should be related to each other, and form one whole. Nevertheless, this union by no means implies sameness, and identity or repetition of the same thought in the same manner. 1846 E. A. Poe in Graham's Mag. Apr. 164 The pleasure is deduced solely from the sense of identity—of repetition. 1864 Continental Monthly Jan. 19/1 We may have: similarity, variety, identity, repetition, adaptation, symmetry, proportion, fitness, melody, harmony, order, and unity. 1901 E. L. Baldwin & J. M. Baldwin tr. K. Groos Play of Man i. i. 38 Rhyme is often mere reduplication, its agreeableness being due to the actual musical quality to which identity and variety contribute. †d. The selfsame thing. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > [noun] > the same thing or person selfeOE the ilkeOE same1340 that (or this) same1362 selfsamec1422 one (and the) selfsame1531 none1611 identity1616 same difference1945 1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Identitie, the selfe same thing. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. iii. §2. 216 Life is not the cause of its owne liuing, but the very same identity with its liuing. e. Logic. law or principle of identity: the principle expressed in the identical proposition A is A. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical proposition > [noun] > property or relation law relating to opposition1599 law or principle of identity1846 internal relation1883 law of Clavius1951 dispositionality1964 1846 W. Hamilton in T. Reid Wks. 767 The four logical laws of Identity, Contradiction, Excluded Middle, and Reason and Consequent. 1851 H. L. Mansel Prolegomena Logica vi. 182 This second Law of Thought is expressed by the Principle of Identity, ‘Every A is A’. 1889 T. Fowler Induct. Logic (ed. 5) Pref. 19 (note) Amongst the assumptions or pre-suppositions of reasoning, I have not included the so-called Law of Identity; as to say that all A is A, or a thing is the same as itself, appears to me to be an utterly unmeaning proposition. 1928 A. Görland in E. L. Schaub Philos. Today 536 Identity is regarded under the form of A=A, and it is shown that the principle of identity involves that of contradiction. 1994 A. Korzybski Sci. & Sanity (ed. 5) 749 The law of identity. Whatever is, is. 2008 D. Weissman Styles of Thought vi. 162 The principle of noncontradiction incorporates the principle of identity. f. Absence of distinction between people of different ethnic groups. South African. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social attitudes > racial attitudes > [noun] > equality identity1876 1876 Times 7 Aug. 10/2 Although it may be impossible to obtain a complete identity in native policy or in the treatment of the natives on every point, still I think that some much greater approximation towards unity of action is possible and very desirable. 1924 E. H. Brookes Hist. Native Policy S. Afr. iii. 62 Most modern thinkers on the Native question argue as if there were no via media between the principle which refuses to acknowledge any real difference between Europeans and Natives, the policy of identity as we may call it,..and the principle which insists on the subordinate position of the Native in the body politic, the policy of subordination. 1961 Listener 30 Nov. 898/2 The earlier British policy of identity broke down. 2006 C. Kidd in J. Randolph Hist. & Nation 28 Identity was the opposite of ‘differentiation,’ that is of racial segregation. 2. a. The sameness of a person or thing at all times or in all circumstances; the condition of being a single individual; the fact that a person or thing is itself and not something else; individuality, personality.personal identity: see personal adj., n., and adv. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [noun] > individuality or selfhood personage1531 selfhood1568 identity1596 selfness1611 personship1645 egoity1651 I-hood1653 ipseity1659 inbeing1661 minehood1662 my-ness1662 selfship1664 personal identity1694 seity1709 personality1710 proprium1781 me1828 I-shipa1834 I-ety1835 selfdom1848 ownhood1856 I-ness1870 ego-hood1873 1596 T. Morton Treat. Threefolde State of Man iii. i. 349 The mutabilitie of the creature (whereby the identitie of God is illustrated) appeareth not onely in the generall diuersitie of mans state, which sometimes is innocent and happie, other times sinfull and miserable. 1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 3 The Duration of Bodies, is twofold; One in Identitie, or the selfe-same substance; The other by a Renovation or Reparation. 1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. xxvii. 180 The Identity of the same Man consists..in nothing but a participation of the same continued Life, by constantly fleeting Particles of Matter, in succession vitally united to the same organized Body. 1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. i. 34 Of all relations the most universal is that of identity, being common to every being, whose existence has any duration. 1800 W. Whiter Etymologicon Magnum 501 It is this seal of identity, which stamps and claims the creature for its own, under every varying and disguising garb of quaint and of curious shape. 1866 J. Alden Elem. Intell. Philos. xii. 89 The idea of identity is involved in every act of remembrance. 1949 U. Sinclair O Shepherd Speak! v. xvi. 268 She had been found hidden under a bunk—and perhaps that was where her sense of identity had taken flight. 1977 W. H. Principe in H. Coward & T. Penelhum Mystics & Scholars 8 Is the personal self or identity of the mystic maintained in this unifying experience or is the mystic's personal self or identity absorbed and lost completely in nirvana, or in union with the Ultimate, the One, the Universal Soul? 2004 J. Albanese & W. Sonnenreich Network Security Illustr. 96 After all, if there's no self, there can be no identity. If there's no identity, there can be no ownership. b. Who or what a person or thing is; a distinct impression of a single person or thing presented to or perceived by others; a set of characteristics or a description that distinguishes a person or thing from others.personal identity: see personal adj., n., and adv. Compounds. ΚΠ 1737 in W. Alexander Northern Rural Life (1877) 203 On being ‘posed’ as to its identity by George Watt and his brothers, the ghost..solemnly averred and swore that it was a good spirit. 1789 J. Morgan Ess. III. ii. 199 But, as to the proof of identity, whatever is sufficient to satisfy a jury, is good evidence. 1819 W. Irving Rip Van Winkle in Sketch Bk. i. 86 He doubted his own identity, and whether he was himself or another man. 1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 469 The fair city almost forfeits its identity, when disguised in a misty and murky atmosphere. 1885 ‘E. Garrett’ At Any Cost v. 89 Tom..had such a curious feeling of having lost his identity, that he wanted to reassure himself by the sight of his little belongings. 1926 People's Home Jrnl. Feb. 33/1 Everything indicated that he had been ready for flight and probably had some hiding place, either in town or out, where the rest of his loot was cached and where he had slipped into disguising clothes and a new identity. 1965 N. Frye in C. F. Klinck et al. Lit. Hist. Canada 827 It is not much wonder if Canada developed with the bewilderment of a neglected child, preoccupied with trying to define its own identity, alternately bumptious and diffident about its own achievements. 2005 K. Harrison Starter Marriage 127 She has so many different identities, from trouble-shooting head teacher, to spiritual hippy chick, to glamorous property tycoon's wife, to country-bumpkin earth mother. †3. Personal or individual existence. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > [noun] > personal or individual existence identity1683 personality1835 1683 J. Dryden Life Plutarch 31 in J. Dryden et al. tr. Plutarch Lives I [Plutarch] doubtless beleiv'd the identity of one Supream Intellectual Being, which we call G od. 1824 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XVI cxx. 124 How odd, a single hobgoblin's non-entity Should cause more fear than a whole host's identity. 4. Mathematics. a. The equality of two expressions for all values of the variables. ΚΠ 1825 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 216/2 The resolution of an equation amounts to this, the proof of the identity of the two sides of it. 1928 F. Cajori Hist. Math. Notations I. 417 Occasionally the sign ≡, first introduced by Riemann to express identity,..is used for the expression of geometrical congruence. 2000 G. E. R. Haddock in C. O. Hill & G. E. R. Haddock Husserl or Frege? iii. 43 Identity statements..express a relation of identity between the two objects that are the referents of the expressions at each side of the identity sign. b. An equation that holds whatever values are assigned to any of the variables in it.Represented by the sign ≡ or =.Jacobi's identity: see Jacobi n. ΚΠ 1830 R. Blakelock tr. L. B. Francoeur Compl. Course Pure Math. II. v. ii. 49 We may here assume for the arbitrary quantity h any number we think proper, and the identity [Fr. identité] will still subsist. 1859 B. Smith Arith. & Algebra (ed. 6) 338 Such an expression as (x + 1)² = x² + 2x + 1, where one of the quantities, between which the sign of equality is placed, results from performing the operations indicated in the other, is called an Identity. 1933 L. P. Eisenhart Continuous Groups of Transformations vi. 250 For any three functions u, v, w..the following equation is an identity ((u, v), w) + ((v, w), u) + ((w, u), v) = 0. 1951 W. W. Elliott & E. R. C. Miles College Math. (ed. 2) i. 13 Multiplying both members of an equation by zero always leads to the identity, 0 ≡ 0. 2004 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 460 1141 We add..the homogeneous solution ρ(k,y)ψ(x,k) and we choose ρ(k,y) so that at x = 0 we have an identity. 5. New Zealand and Australian. A person long resident or well known in a place; a local eccentric; such persons collectively. Frequently as old identity. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] > long-standing old identity1862 1862 Otago, Its Goldfields & Resources 9 The exclusive spirit of the ‘old identity’. 1874 A. Bathgate Colonial Experiences iii. 26 The term ‘old identities’ took its origin from an expression in a speech made by one of the members of the Provincial Council, Mr E. B. Cargill, who, in speaking of the new arrivals, said that the early settlers should endeavour to preserve their old identity... A comic singer [C. R. Thatcher] helped to perpetuate the name by writing a song. 1889 Bulletin (Sydney) 28 Sept. 8/1 Many of the old identities of '52 and '53 will remember the license-hunting and shanty-raiding days. 1905 N.Z. Truth 23 Sept. 5 (caption) Three Auckland identities. 1929 ‘M. B. Eldershaw’ House is Built (1945) v. 111 He was the sort of man who becomes an old identity almost at once, so that the residents of the Parramatta Road..soon thought they had been seeing him drive past in his indescribably sailorly fashion all their lives. 1942 ‘M. Innes’ Daffodil Affair ii. ii. 46 Ron's dad was a well-known identity Cobdogla-way. 1959 K. Sinclair Hist. N.Z. 104 Dunedin became the largest town in the country, while, to the horror of the ‘Old Identity’, saloons, billiard rooms, gambling dens and dance halls sprang up to attract the gold of the ‘New Iniquity’. 1970 N.Z. Woman's Weekly 9 Nov. 19/1 Havelock North identity Mrs C. E. Turner-Williams..at 98 stitches happily on. 1984 L. D. Edmond High Country Weather 31 But my father you know—very old identity—big holdings in those days. 2006 D. Parer in T. Jeffrey Film Business xix. 199 He is a local identity and much loved by all the desert folk. 6. The condition of being identified in feeling, interest, etc.; identification with. ΚΠ 1869 W. E. Gladstone Juventus Mundi i. 5 He is in truth in visible identity with the age. 1897 Rev. of Reviews Mar. 314/2 In my case the budding sense of identity with the Queen, as representative of the whole nation, began with a feeling of anything but pride. 1918 H. Segal Law of Struggle ii. 37 Love is the feeling of or sense of identity with the pain of another. 1961 S.-Y. Ch'ên Chinese Lit. iv. 54 Unwilling to lose himself in identity with his worldly associates, he lacked the power and authority to hold them in check. 1997 G. Cross Kids' Stuff (2001) vi. 176 G.I. Joe's success was based on a boy's identity with the all-male world of heroic action aided by modern military equipment and gadgetry. 2004 P. V. Bredeson in H. Tomlinson Educ. Managem. xliii. 4 Substantial changes in identity with and understandings of tasks, behaviors, norms, and cultural values by principals in schools require a period of role adjustment. 7. Mathematics. a. An element of a set which, if combined with any element by a (specified) binary operation, leaves the latter element unchanged; cf. identity element n. at Compounds 4. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > set > elements in or parts of interval1838 identity1894 identity element1902 complement1937 supremum1938 infimum1940 sup1940 equivalence class1952 1894 Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 1 61 Given an (abstract) group G_n..with elements s₁ = identity, s₂, s_n. 1937 R. D. Carmichael Introd. Theory Groups of Finite Order i. 17 Since the identity plays the role of unity in multiplication, it is often denoted by the symbol 1. 1954 R. A. Beaumont & R. W. Ball Introd. Mod. Algebra & Matrix Theory iv. 135 Find a realization in geometry of the group consisting of the elements e, a, a², a³, a⁴, a⁵ where a⁶ = e, the identity of the group. 2005 M. Livio Equation that couldn't be Solved vi. 164 There must be an..inverse element, such that when a member is combined with its inverse the combination yields the identity. b. A transformation that gives rise to the same elements as those to which it is applied. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > transformation > [noun] > correspondence > preserving relations or elements inclusion1870 orthomorphosis1885 isomorphism1892 identity1910 homoeomorphism1918 homomorphism1935 topological mapping or transformation1939 isometry1941 Möbius transformation1941 injection map(ping)1950 monomorphism1954 bijection1963 surjection1964 1910 O. Veblen & J. W. Young Projective Geom. I. iii. 65 The correspondence which makes every element of the system correspond to itself is called the identical correspondence or simply the identity, and is denoted by the symbol 1. 1959 E. M. Patterson Topol. (ed. 2) ii. 20 If A ⊂ B, the transformation i: A → B defined by i(^a) = a is a one–one transformation called an inclusion; in particular, if A = B, the inclusion i: A → A is called the identity. 2006 R. L. Epstein Classical Math. Logic xii. 192 There is one permutation that leaves everything unchanged (the identity). Compounds C1. General attributive with the meaning ‘that serves to identify a person or thing, especially its holder or wearer’. identity bracelet n. ΚΠ 1939 Times 11 Sept. 6/5 (advt.) Identity bracelets. Engrave your name and address on this neat disk-bracelet. 2000 P. Winfield Melancholy Baby vi. 86 He gave her his identity bracelet, which some would have seen as a token of love. identity card n. [compare French carte d'identité (1862 or earlier in a fictional text denoting a proposed document, 1902 with reference to an actual document)] ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc card1749 papers1796 legitimation1870 dog tag1882 identity papers1889 identity certificate1891 identification tag1893 identity card1900 identification1906 identity disc1907 identification disc1914 disca1918 meat ticket1919 warrant card1920 carte d'identité1923 ID1937 ID card1937 reference book1952 1900 Westm. Gaz. 2 Jan. 3/1 When troops are going on service each man has issued to him what is known as a field dressing and an identity card. 1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Jan. 2/2 He..forged an identity card, and procured a pistol. 2003 M. B. Salter Rights of Passage ii. 29 Identity was certified through concordance with other governmental documents, such as a birth certificate or national identity card. identity certificate n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc card1749 papers1796 legitimation1870 dog tag1882 identity papers1889 identity certificate1891 identification tag1893 identity card1900 identification1906 identity disc1907 identification disc1914 disca1918 meat ticket1919 warrant card1920 carte d'identité1923 ID1937 ID card1937 reference book1952 1891 Times 6 July 13/5 Every person who receives, detains, or has in his possession the identity certificate or life certificate of a person entitled to a military pension. 1999 V. Caron Uneasy Asylum vi. 122 They were to be granted identity certificates that would protect their bearers from arbitrary expulsion. identity disc n. [compare French plaque d'identité (1881)] ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc card1749 papers1796 legitimation1870 dog tag1882 identity papers1889 identity certificate1891 identification tag1893 identity card1900 identification1906 identity disc1907 identification disc1914 disca1918 meat ticket1919 warrant card1920 carte d'identité1923 ID1937 ID card1937 reference book1952 1907 Times 7 Jan. 8/4 Identity discs will be regarded as an article of kit and issues as such to serving soldiers and reservists on mobilization. 1956 R. St. B. Baker Dance of Trees vi. 79 When the top soil of Tel Fara was excavated we found modern spurs, identity discs, even a copy of the Tatler..reminders of the days of Allenby. 2003 N. J. Saunders Trench Art vi. 93 Similar trench-art brooches, rings, medallions and identity discs were also made from the aluminium wreckage of crashed German airships. identity document n. ΚΠ 1922 Manch. Guardian 31 Jan. 7/6 (heading) Identity documents for all. A coroner's suggestion. 1988 H. Mantel Eight Months on Ghazzah Street (1989) 49 I've got this identity document, it's called an iqama. 2006 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 15 Jan. i. 4/5 South Africa enjoys a bull market in falsified identity documents. identity mark n. ΚΠ 1871 Dubuque (Iowa) Daily Herald 25 May The lack of that identity mark in the counterfeit enabled the lady by threat of legal process, to recover her jewel. 1912 Times 7 Oct. 6/5 Friend and foe could not be distinguished from the ground, and some identity marks are advisable. 2000 M. Featherstone in J. E. Davis Identity & Social Change iii. 53 It [sc. the term ‘identity’] can be applied to inanimate objects, as is the case with the bar-code which gives a consumer object or credit card an identity mark. identity papers n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > [noun] > paper or disc card1749 papers1796 legitimation1870 dog tag1882 identity papers1889 identity certificate1891 identification tag1893 identity card1900 identification1906 identity disc1907 identification disc1914 disca1918 meat ticket1919 warrant card1920 carte d'identité1923 ID1937 ID card1937 reference book1952 1889 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 14 Jan. 1/4 The rival of Boulanger in the coming contest does not seem to have cleaner identity papers than most political heroes. 1908 Daily Chron. 21 Feb. 4/6 The ‘identity papers’, which every man and woman in Prussia must carry about with them. 2003 J. Ron Frontiers & Ghettos vi. 132 Identity papers did not entitle Palestinians to political rights within Israel, but they did create a bureaucratic status. identity patch n. ΚΠ 1918 Times 20 Feb. 3/5 The men sewed cloth over the identity patches on their clothing. 1959 M. Levin Eva 37 The Ukrainians didn't have to wear identity patches, since the Germans considered them allies. 2003 T. Bisk & M. Dror Futurizing Jews vi. 72 The Taliban regime revealed their radical Islamic contempt for Buddhism and Hinduism in..requiring the Hindu minority to wear a yellow identity patch. C2. General attributive with the meaning ‘belonging or relating to personal or individual identity’ (see sense 2). ΚΠ 1916 T. S. Eliot Let. 5 Sept. (1988) I. 148 I enclose a picture—made for my Identity Book, to go to Sussex. 1971 M. McCarthy Birds of Amer. 110 His college tutor, a stupid Freudian, had advised his mother that Peter had an ‘identity problem’. 2004 M. M. Lewis Scars of Soul i. iii. 55 Much of the male-posturing pathos of rap music stems from an identity struggle. 2006 P. Williams-Forson Building Houses out of Chicken Legs ii. viii. 203 The ‘nigger wench’ emerged as an attempt to identify herself as an artist at a time when identity art was in vogue. C3. Philosophy. identity doctrine n. [after German Identitätslehre (1805 or earlier with reference to Schelling's philosophical theory)] ΚΠ 1866 D. Masson Recent Brit. Philos. (new ed.) ii. 88 It remained, however, for Schelling and Hegel to work out this famous Identity doctrine. 1920 S. Alexander Space, Time & Deity II. 9 The statement..is a species of the identity doctrine of mind and body, maintaining that there are not two processes, one neural, the other mental, but one. 2004 C. Klohr tr. M. Heidelberger Nature from Within 6 Reworking Schelling's identity doctrine, he went on to advocate a sort of phenomenalism. identity formula n. ΚΠ 1909 Philos. Rev. 18 199 This identity-formula, which is thus exemplified in the simplest and most rudimentary form of valuation, the existential judgment, is further traced throughout the whole series of systems of valuation which furnish the body of our scientific, artistic, ethical, religious, and philosophical thought. 1965 B. Mates Elem. Logic ix. 146 It will be useful to introduce a couple of obvious conventions for writing identity-formulas. 2008 P. Ulrich Integrative Econ. Ethics v. 170 ‘I reckon, therefore I am’ (to play on Descartes famous dictum) is the identity formula of the otherwise identityless ‘homo oeconomicus’. identity sentence n. ΚΠ 1948 Q. Rev. Biol. 23 335/2 On the basis of the true identity sentence: ‘The author of The Origin of Species is identical with Charles Darwin’. 2002 A. Newman Corres. Theory of Truth vi. 170 It assumes, most implausibly, that not only does each true identity sentence correspond to a fact, but that that fact could be the same fact that a predicative sentence corresponds to. identity thesis n. ΚΠ 1945 Philos. & Phenomenol. Res. 6 124 Hartmann's charge that the so-called Aristotelian ontology is only a logic of ideal being based upon the twofold identity thesis cannot be sustained. 2002 A. Bailey First Philos. v. 407/1 Smart does not argue directly that his mind-brain identity thesis is true..since he believes that this is, on the whole, and empirical question to be decided by scientists. C4. identity check n. an act of verifying a person's identity. ΚΠ 1934 Ogden (Utah) City 6 Aug. 5/3 (heading) Deputy makes identity check. 1977 Asian Surv. 17 614 Officials were alleged to have cast the ballots of illiterate voters and identity checks were only selectively made. 2005 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 19 Aug. b26/5 Jarrah is pulled over..and receives a speeding ticket and an insufficient identity check before he drives off toward his suicide mission. identity crisis n. (a) a period of difficulty in establishing a distinctive character or goal; (b) Psychology a period of uncertainty and confusion in which a person's sense of identity becomes insecure, typically due to a change in their expected aims or role in society. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > libido > want of confidence > [noun] insecurity1917 identity crisis1941 1941 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Amer. 9 Feb. 7/2 The identity crisis developed last year when the boards of directors of the two giant companies did severally and separately..each elect a man named Charles E. Wilson to its respective presidency, domiciling the same in New York. 1954 Jrnl. Amer. Psychoanal. Assoc. 2 327 [Report of presentation by Erik H. Erikson] George Bernard Shaw arranged for himself a psycho-social moratorium at the age of twenty when his identity crisis led him to leave..his family, friends and familiar work. 1968 Internat. Encycl. Social Sci. VII. 63/2 An era's identity crisis is least severe in that segment of youth which is able to invest its fidelity in an expanding technology. 1971 R. A. Carter Manhattan Primitive (1972) xv. 137 Girl is on the verge of a breakdown, in deep identity crisis. 1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 Apr. 409/1 A middle-aged cuckold with piles and an identity crisis. 2004 P. Biskind Down & Dirty Pictures vi. 194 The convergence between studio movie and indie film created an identity crisis among the indies. identity element n. Mathematics = sense 7a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > set > elements in or parts of interval1838 identity1894 identity element1902 complement1937 supremum1938 infimum1940 sup1940 equivalence class1952 1902 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 3 486 There exists a left-hand identity element, that is, an element i_l such that, for every element a, i_la = a. 1966 L. May & R. Moss New Math for Adults Only vi. 33/2 Zero is the identity element in addition and one is the identity element in multiplication. 2006 P. Woit Not even Wrong iii. 46 A group is just a set of abstract elements..with the crucial feature that there is one distinguished element called the identity element. identity fraud n. = identity theft n. ΚΠ 1974 Daily Capital News (Jefferson City, Missouri) 3 Dec. 4/2 Document and identity frauds are costing American taxpayers upward to $3 billion a year. 1986 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 16 Sept. 14 The Government has said that..the level of identity fraud in social security is unknown. 2000 M. Bijlefeld & S. K. Zoumbaris Teen Guide Personal Financial Managem. ix. 148 If you receive credit card bills from an account you can't remember opening..it's possible that you're a victim of identity fraud. identity matrix n. Mathematics a matrix in which all the elements of the principal diagonal are one and the remaining elements zero, so that its product with another matrix gives that matrix. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > array > matrix matrix1850 unit matrix1861 adjugate1882 adjoint1889 submatrix1903 identity matrix1908 row matrix1936 transpose1937 singular matrix1964 1908 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 9 127 Each I is a unit or identity matrix. 2006 K. F. Riley et al. Math. Methods Physics & Engin. (ed. 3) viii. 255 The identity matrix must be square. identity parade n. = identification parade n. at identification n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > evidence > [noun] > identification parade identification parade1908 show-up1913 identity parade1927 stand-up1935 1927 Times 5 Feb. 4/3 When the identity parade took place only one person identified Smith. 1955 ‘A. Gilbert’ Is she Dead Too? viii. 141 Put a gorilla in a set of ginger reach-me-downs and you could put up the pair of 'em in an identity parade and no one could tell the difference. 2004 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 4 Nov. 22/4 Like a criminal in an identity parade, he looks ashamed, evasive—as though unable to bear our scrutiny. identity politics n. the adherence by a group of people of a particular religion, race, social background, etc., to political beliefs or goals specific to the group concerned, as opposed to conforming to traditional broad-based party politics. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > [noun] > branches of politics public policec1450 state police1779 world-policy1848 world politics1857 geopolitics1901 Weltpolitik1903 biopolitics1927 psychopolitics1942 micropolitics1951 agro-politics1960 eco-politics1970 identity politics1973 gender politics1977 1973 T. Gitlin in R. P. Wolff 1984 Revisited 27 They split and devoured SDS so easily because they capitalized on a widespread self-doubt; with a rush they occupied a vacuum of identity and strategy, virtually without opposition. Identity politics swallowed itself. 1977 Combahee River Collective Black Feminist Statem. Apr. in Z. R. Eisenstein Capitalist Patriarchy & Case for Socialist Feminism (1979) 365 Our politics evolve from a healthy love for ourselves, our sisters, and our community which allows us to continue our struggle and work. This focusing upon our own oppression is embodied in the concept of identity politics. 1979 Social Sci. & Med. 13 a. 766/2 Political activism among the handicapped and former mental patients..exemplifies a type of politics which we will term identity politics. 1989 C. R. Wilson & W. Ferris Encycl. Southern Culture 1563/1 Black feminists sought to create a form of ‘identity politics’ that would advance their unique interests. 2018 Chicago Jewish Star 26 Jan. 4/1 Vice President Pence's speech contained no words of grievance, no hint of hatred, no allusions to revenge, no identity politics, no negativity and no divisiveness. identity relation n. a relationship of identity; (Mathematics) a relation expressing mathematical identity (sense 4a). ΚΠ 1912 W. P. Montague in E. B. Holt et al. New Realism 255 But there is another class of identity relations to be found in the spatiotemporal system, viz., relations between parts or aspects of different events. 1940 W. V. Quine Math. Logic 232 I is..the identity relation x̂ŷ (x = y). 1950 P. B. Kershner & L. R. Wilcox Anat. Math. v. 49 This E is called the identity relation, since a E b means the same thing as a = b. 2001 M. Loux Metaphysics vi. 229 The transitivity of identity holds only where we have a single identity relation. identity sign n. Mathematics a sign denoting identity (sense 4a); spec. the sign ≡.The sign ≡ was introduced by Riemann ( B. Riemann Elliptische Functionen (1899) 1). ΚΠ 1902 Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 9 164 The type is good, excepting the identity sign. 1950 W. V. Quine Methods of Logic (1952) 211 It is the use of the identity sign between variables, rather than between singular terms, that is fundamental. 2000 G. E. R. Haddock in C. O. Hill & G. E. R. Haddock Husserl or Frege? iii. 43 Identity statements..express a relation of identity between the two objects that are the referents of the expressions at each side of the identity sign. identity theft n. the dishonest acquisition of personal information in order to perpetrate fraud, typically by obtaining credit, loans, etc., in someone else's name; fraud perpetrated in this way; (also) an instance of this.In quot. 1964 in the context of espionage rather than fraud for monetary gain. ΚΠ 1964 Billings (Montana) Gaz. 30 Sept. 17/2 (headline) Four to testify on identity theft. Four Americans who suffered a theft of their identities were listed Tuesday as government witnesses at the Brooklyn spy trial of a Russian couple, who used their names. 1989 Sun-Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale, Florida) 6 July b1/2 (headline) Identity theft besmirches victims' records. 2003 R. Whitney Millionaire Real Estate Mentor xv. 244 If you are a victim of identity theft, prompt action makes recovering somewhat easier—but be prepared for a frustrating, lengthy process. 2008 Independent 2 Feb. 16/4 [He] was allegedly carrying out an identity theft known as ‘facility takeover’—using data contained in the stolen mail to impersonate his victim over the phone and online to steal £20,000. identity theorist n. [after identity theory n.] Philosophy a believer in the identity theory. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > epistemology > [noun] > philosophy of sense perception > other systems or doctrines and adherents ideology1835 hylo-idealism1883 identity theory1895 confirmability1932 identity theorist1949 1949 Philosophy 24 198 The identity theorists have to say that the effect is only another ‘form’ of the cause. 2004 Commonweal 22 Oct. 40/3 For the so-called identity theorists, for example, consciousness just is—it is identical with—a biological brain process, however complex. identity theory n. Philosophy the materialist theory that physiological and mental perceptions are identical. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > epistemology > [noun] > philosophy of sense perception > other systems or doctrines and adherents ideology1835 hylo-idealism1883 identity theory1895 confirmability1932 identity theorist1949 1895 G. T. Ladd Psychol., Descriptive & Explanatory ix. 180 And even those who deny this ‘identity’ theory, if they also deny all neutral feelings, are inclined to think of feeling (as respects its tone of pleasure-pain) in the light of some kind of ‘attachment,’ or ‘qualification,’ to the other aspects of consciousness. 1951 G. Humphrey Thinking viii. 245 Inspired by the behaviourists one group of advocates of what may be called the ‘identity theory’ has stressed the importance of the so-called implicit speech movements which occur during thinking. 2002 R. Carter Consciousness ii. 62 Identity theory, like eliminativism, holds that brain states are all there is. identity thief n. (a) a person who pretends to be someone else, an impostor (rare); (b) a person who commits identity theft (identity theft n.). ΚΠ 1982 Newsweek 21 June 75/1 Ferdinand Waldo Demara Jr.,..masterful identity thief who was the inspiration for the 1960 film ‘The Great Impostor’... While masquerading as a surgeon in the Royal Canadian Navy, Demara performed several successful operations. He also pretended to be a Trappist monk, a prison warden, a college dean and a zoology student. 1984 Philos. & Phenomenol. Res. 45 187 Demara became famous in his own right as an ‘identity thief’. 1994 San Diego Daily Transcript (Nexis) 3 Nov. a1 Surfing Internet provides new frontiers for identity thieves. 2005 R. J. Sawyer Mindscan Prol. 12 ‘Presenting a false ID card is a major offense.’ ‘It's a major offense if you're a terrorist or an identity thief,’ I said, looking across the wide teak desk at him. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1545
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