idesn.

Brit.

/ʌɪdz/, U.S.

/aɪdz/

Forms:

α. Old English–Middle English idus, Middle English ydus.

β. Middle English idis, Middle English jde (singular), Middle English yde (singular), Middle English ydees, Middle English– ide (singular), Middle English– ides.

Also with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin Īdūs; French ides.

Etymology: < classical Latin Īdūs, feminine plural noun ( < the same Italic base as Oscan eiduis (dative/ablative plural), further etymology unknown (perhaps an Etruscan loanword)); subsequently reinforced by its reflex Anglo-Norman and Middle French ides, Middle French ydes (French ides) (c1119 in Anglo-Norman; in Anglo-Norman and Old French also in singular ide). Compare Italian idi, plural noun (14th cent.).In Old English frequently (after the usual Latin practice of dating) with name of month following in Latin genitive form or (as adjective) in accusative plural form (and with numeral preceding, as required):eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Otho) v. xxi. 476 Sona ofer þa Eastortide, þæt is septima Idus Maias, Osric Norþanhymbra cyning of life gewat.OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) xli. 66 Fram idus septembris oð lenctenes anginne hy on an mæl to nones gereorden.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1125 & þes ilces geares forðferde se abbot Iohan of Burch on II idus Octobris.

In the ancient Roman calendar (Julian and pre-Julian): the third of the three marker days in each month, notionally the day of the full moon, which divides the month in half, i.e. the 15th of March, May, July, October, and the 13th of the other months.The days after the nones were reckoned forward to the ides; hence such expressions as ‘the fifth of the ides of October’ (or ‘the fifth ides of October’, or ‘the fifth ide of October’), loosely rendering Latin ante diem quintum Idus Octobres (or Octobris) the fifth day (counting inclusively) before the ides of October, i.e. the 11th of October. Cf. calends n., nones n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > period > cycle of time > cycle of the year > [noun] > ides

idesOE

α.

OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Corpus Cambr.) v. xxi. 476 Sona ofer ða Eastertide, þæt is septima Idus on Maius [eOE Otho septima Idus Maias], Osric Norðhymbra cyning of life gewat.

OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) i. ii. 22 Þas feower [sc. March, May, July, October] habbað vi nonas and xvii kalendas æfter idus and an and xxx dagena.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 125^v Som day haþ þe name of kalendis and somme of ydus.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 341 Idus, þat is, of May, left I to write þis ryme, B [read D] letter & Friday, by ix þat ȝere ȝede prime.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Squire's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 39 [Ellesmere He leet] the feste of his Natiuitee [Ellesmere continues Doon] crien thurgh out Sarray his Citee The laste Idus of March after the yeer.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 403 (MED) Thei have but oon refeccion in the day from the idus of September untylle Ester.

β. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. l. 16033 (MED) Þe ferþe day þat ys y þe ides of Octobre.c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 141 (MED) Her lith Seynt Gilbert..whech was translate in-to þis schrine..þe þirde yde of October.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 215 b/2 It was the iii ydees of Juyll.c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxv^v/1 Somer..beginnithe the vij. Ide of may and lastith vnto the vij. Ide of august.1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in Panoplie Epist. 40 Dated the .7. of the Ides of June.1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlii. xxii. 1128 The Pretour..adjourned the defendant to make appearance in the court upon the Ides of March [L. idibus Martiis].a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. ii. 20 Cæsar..Beware the Ides of March.1642 J. Howell The Vote 7 The soft gliding Nones and evry Ide.1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 26 The Roman Month its several days divides By reckoning backwards, Calends, Nones, and Ides.1719 R. Pack Burlesque Imitation First Ode Horace in Misc. Verse & Prose 73 November shall her Ides advance, To grace my Birth-Day ev'ry Year.1769 O. Goldsmith Rom. Hist. II. 25 The conspirators..remitted the execution of their design to the ides of March.1776 A. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 160 The 19th of April, ever memorable for America as the Ides of March to Rome and to Cæsar.1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii I. i. iii. 45 ‘It stands fixed for the ninth ide of August’, answered Pansa.1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 52 Foreteller of the vernal ides, Wise harbinger of spheres and tides.1880 L. Wallace Ben-Hur ii. v. 114 I was thinking of the soothsayer who warned Caius Julius against the ides of March.1921 E. L. White Andivius Hedulio i. vi. 89 I had left my villa on the eighth day before the Ides of June and it was now the ninth day before the Kalends of July.1998 D. E. Duncan Calendar iii. 46 He also retained the old system of numbering days according to kalends, nones and ides, as well as the traditional names of the months, although later the Senate changed Quintilius to Julius (July) in his honour.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ides
释义	idesn. Brit. /ʌɪdz/, U.S. /aɪdz/ Forms: α. Old English–Middle English idus, Middle English ydus. β. Middle English idis, Middle English jde (singular), Middle English yde (singular), Middle English ydees, Middle English– ide (singular), Middle English– ides. Also with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin Īdūs; French ides. Etymology: < classical Latin Īdūs, feminine plural noun ( < the same Italic base as Oscan eiduis (dative/ablative plural), further etymology unknown (perhaps an Etruscan loanword)); subsequently reinforced by its reflex Anglo-Norman and Middle French ides, Middle French ydes (French ides) (c1119 in Anglo-Norman; in Anglo-Norman and Old French also in singular ide). Compare Italian idi, plural noun (14th cent.).In Old English frequently (after the usual Latin practice of dating) with name of month following in Latin genitive form or (as adjective) in accusative plural form (and with numeral preceding, as required):eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Otho) v. xxi. 476 Sona ofer þa Eastortide, þæt is septima Idus Maias, Osric Norþanhymbra cyning of life gewat.OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) xli. 66 Fram idus septembris oð lenctenes anginne hy on an mæl to nones gereorden.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1125 & þes ilces geares forðferde se abbot Iohan of Burch on II idus Octobris. In the ancient Roman calendar (Julian and pre-Julian): the third of the three marker days in each month, notionally the day of the full moon, which divides the month in half, i.e. the 15th of March, May, July, October, and the 13th of the other months.The days after the nones were reckoned forward to the ides; hence such expressions as ‘the fifth of the ides of October’ (or ‘the fifth ides of October’, or ‘the fifth ide of October’), loosely rendering Latin ante diem quintum Idus Octobres (or Octobris) the fifth day (counting inclusively) before the ides of October, i.e. the 11th of October. Cf. calends n., nones n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > cycle of time > cycle of the year > [noun] > ides idesOE α. OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Corpus Cambr.) v. xxi. 476 Sona ofer ða Eastertide, þæt is septima Idus on Maius [eOE Otho septima Idus Maias], Osric Norðhymbra cyning of life gewat. OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) i. ii. 22 Þas feower [sc. March, May, July, October] habbað vi nonas and xvii kalendas æfter idus and an and xxx dagena. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 125^v Som day haþ þe name of kalendis and somme of ydus. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 341 Idus, þat is, of May, left I to write þis ryme, B [read D] letter & Friday, by ix þat ȝere ȝede prime. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Squire's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 39 [Ellesmere He leet] the feste of his Natiuitee [Ellesmere continues Doon] crien thurgh out Sarray his Citee The laste Idus of March after the yeer. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 403 (MED) Thei have but oon refeccion in the day from the idus of September untylle Ester. β. a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. l. 16033 (MED) Þe ferþe day þat ys y þe ides of Octobre.c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 141 (MED) Her lith Seynt Gilbert..whech was translate in-to þis schrine..þe þirde yde of October.1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 215 b/2 It was the iii ydees of Juyll.c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxv^v/1 Somer..beginnithe the vij. Ide of may and lastith vnto the vij. Ide of august.1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in Panoplie Epist. 40 Dated the .7. of the Ides of June.1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlii. xxii. 1128 The Pretour..adjourned the defendant to make appearance in the court upon the Ides of March [L. idibus Martiis].a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. ii. 20 Cæsar..Beware the Ides of March.1642 J. Howell The Vote 7 The soft gliding Nones and evry Ide.1679 J. Moxon Math. made Easie 26 The Roman Month its several days divides By reckoning backwards, Calends, Nones, and Ides.1719 R. Pack Burlesque Imitation First Ode Horace in Misc. Verse & Prose 73 November shall her Ides advance, To grace my Birth-Day ev'ry Year.1769 O. Goldsmith Rom. Hist. II. 25 The conspirators..remitted the execution of their design to the ides of March.1776 A. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 160 The 19th of April, ever memorable for America as the Ides of March to Rome and to Cæsar.1834 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last Days of Pompeii I. i. iii. 45 ‘It stands fixed for the ninth ide of August’, answered Pansa.1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 52 Foreteller of the vernal ides, Wise harbinger of spheres and tides.1880 L. Wallace Ben-Hur ii. v. 114 I was thinking of the soothsayer who warned Caius Julius against the ides of March.1921 E. L. White Andivius Hedulio i. vi. 89 I had left my villa on the eighth day before the Ides of June and it was now the ninth day before the Kalends of July.1998 D. E. Duncan Calendar iii. 46 He also retained the old system of numbering days according to kalends, nones and ides, as well as the traditional names of the months, although later the Senate changed Quintilius to Julius (July) in his honour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OE
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