idioblastn.
/ˈɪdɪə(ʊ)ˌblɑːst/, /ˈɪdɪə(ʊ)ˌblast/, U.S. /ˈɪdiəˌblæst/ 1. Botany. A plant cell having a distinctly different nature or contents from those of the surrounding tissue.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > cell > types of > other types
bast cell1842
basal cell1846
pollen cell1857
companion cell1859
segment1862
pollen mother cell?1870
sextant1875
transfusion cell1875
idioblast1882
trichoblast1882
symplast1894
megasporocyte1924
oat cell1940
heterokaryon1945
1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 84 It is not unusual for individual cells in a tissue otherwise homogeneous to become developed in a manner strikingly different from their neighbours; to such cells I have applied the term Idioblast [Ger. Idioblasten].
1917 Bot. Gaz. 63 125 The root is characterized by..the presence of resin-bearing ‘idioblasts’ in the secondary cortex.
1960 K. Esau Anat. Seed Plants vii. 65 Cells containing tannins, oils, crystals, and other materials are often scattered as idioblasts in the epidermis.
2003 Plant Cell 15 2631/2 Late enzymes are found several cell layers away in laticifers and idioblasts.
2. Biology. Hertwig's term for: a hypothetical unit of living protoplasm involved in heredity. Now historical and rare.
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the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell substance > [noun] > protoplasm or cytoplasm > unit of
bioplast1870
plastid1871
plastidule1872
cytoplast1885
plasome1891
idioblast1893
plasmosome1896
protoplast1898
biogen1899
1893 Nature 2 Feb. 315 He [sc. O. Hertwig]..suggests the employment of the term ‘Idioblasts’ for the minute elementary particles, which Darwin called ‘gemmules’ in his hypothesis of pangenesis.
1970 Isis 61 434 Hertwig envisioned that the nucleus of each gamete contained at least one—more likely several—of each type of idioblast.
2000 G. K. Hunter Vital Forces vi. 130 His [sc. Hertwig's] hereditary determinants were called ‘idioblasts’.
3. Geology. A mineral crystal within a metamorphic rock which has developed its own characteristic crystal faces. Cf. idioblastic adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > mineral structure or appearance > [noun] > crystal structure > specific crystal
chromitite1910
idioblast1920
poikiloblast1944
the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > structures and forms > [noun] > idioblast
idioblast1920
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > texture or colour > [noun] > texture > having embedded crystals > crystalline substance in
mica1681
kernel1839
phenocryst1889
idioblast1920
porphyroblast1920
porphyroclast1932
poikiloblast1944
1920 A. Holmes Nomencl. Petrol. 122 Idioblast, Becke, 1903, a term applied to pseudoidiomorphic crystals, such as garnet, occurring in metamorphic rocks.
1962 T. F. W. Barth Theoret. Petrol. (ed. 2) 288 The majority of the minerals in metamorphic rocks are irregular in outline, xenoblasts; but some minerals are frequently bounded by their own crystal faces, idioblasts.
2006 Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Paper 403 128/1 Chloritoid and staurolite idioblasts in the matrix of an ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metapelite sample can be used to constrain the P-T [= presure-temperature] path.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1882